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Concept 02: Functional Ability

Giddens: Concepts for Nursing Practice, 2nd Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse is assessing a patient's functional ability. Which patient best demonstrates the
definition of functional ability?
a. Considers self as a healthy individual; uses cane for stability
b. College educated; travels frequently; can balance a checkbook
c. Works out daily, reads well, cooks, and cleans house on the weekends
d. Healthy individual, volunteers at church, works part time, takes care of family and
house
ANS: D
Functional ability refers to the individual's ability to perform the normal daily activities
required to meet basic needs; fulfill usual roles in the family, workplace, and community; and
maintain health and well-being. The other options are good; however, healthy individual,
church volunteer, part time worker, and the patient who takes care of the family and house
fully meets the criteria for functional ability.
REF: Page 13
OBJ: NCLEX® Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort
2. The nurse is assessing a patient's functional performance. What assessment parameters will be
most important in this assessment?
a. Continence assessment, gait assessment, feeding assessment, dressing assessment,
transfer assessment
b. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), vital signs assessment
c. Sleep assessment, energy assessment, memory assessment, concentration
assessment
d. Health and well-being, amount of community volunteer time, working outside the
home, and ability to care for family and house
ANS: A
Functional impairment, disability, or handicap refers to varying degrees of an individual's
inability to perform the tasks required to complete normal life activities without assistance.
Height, weight, BMI, and vital signs are part of a physical assessment. Sleep, energy,
memory, and concentration are part of a depression screening. Healthy, volunteering,
working, and caring for family and house are functional abilities, not performance.
REF: Page 13
OBJ: NCLEX® Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
3. The nurse is assessing a patient with a mobility dysfunction and wants to gain insight into the
patient's functional ability. What question would be the most appropriate?
a. "Are you able to shop for yourself?"
b. "Do you use a cane, walker, or wheelchair to ambulate?"
c. "Do you know what today's date is?"
d. "Were you sad or depressed more than once in the last 3 days?"
ANS: B
"Do you use a cane, walker, or wheelchair to ambulate?" will assist the nurse in determining
the patient's ability to perform self-care activities. A nutritional health risk assessment is not
the functional assessment. Knowing the date is part of a mental status exam. Assessing
sadness is a question to ask in the depression screening.
REF: Page 14
OBJ: NCLEX® Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
4. The nurse is developing an interdisciplinary plan of care using the Roper-Logan-Tierney

Model of Nursing for a patient who is currently unconscious. Which interventions would be
most critical to developing a plan of care for this patient?
a. Eating and drinking, personal cleansing and dressing, working and playing
b. Toileting, transferring, dressing, and bathing activities
c. Sleeping, expressing sexuality, socializing with peers
d. Maintaining a safe environment, breathing, maintaining temperature
ANS: D
The most critical aspects of care for an unconscious patient are safe environment, breathing,
and temperature. Eating and drinking are contraindicated in unconscious patients. Toileting,
transferring, dressing, and bathing activities are BADLs. Sleeping, expressing sexuality, and
socializing with peers are a part of the Roper-Logan-Tierney Model of Nursing; however,
these are not the most critical for developing the plan of care in an unconscious patient.
REF: Page 14
5. The home care nurse is trying to determine the necessary services for a 65-year-old patient
who was admitted to the home care service after left knee replacement. Which tool is the best
for the nurse to utilize?
a. Minimum Data Set (MDS)
b. Functional Status Scale (FSS)
c. 24-Hour Functional Ability Questionnaire (24hFAQ)
d. The Edmonton Functional Assessment Tool
ANS: C
The 24hFAQ assesses the postoperative patient in the home setting. The MDS is for nursing
home patients. The FSS is for children. The Edmonton is for cancer patients.
REF: Page 16 OBJ: NCLEX® Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
6. The nurse is assessing a patient's functional abilities and asks the patient, "How would you
rate your ability to prepare a balanced meal?" "How would you rate your ability to balance a
checkbook?" "How would you rate your ability to keep track of your appointments?" Which
tool would be indicated for the best results of this patient's perception of their abilities?
a. Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ)™

b. Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE)
c. 24hFAQ
d. Performance-based functional measurement
ANS: A
The FAQ is an example of a self-report tool which provides information about the patient's
perception of functional ability. The MMSE assesses cognitive impairment. The 24hFAQ is
used to assess functional ability in postoperative patients. Performance-based tools involve
actual observation of a standardized task, completion of which is judged by objective criteria.
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. A 65-year-old female patient has been admitted to the medical/surgical unit. The nurse is
assessing the patient's risk for falls so that falls prevention can be implemented if necessary.
Select all the risk factors that apply from this patient's history and physical. (Select all that
apply.)
a. Being a woman
b. Taking more than six medications
c. Having hypertension
d. Having cataracts
e. Muscle strength 3/5 bilaterally
f. Incontinence
ANS: B, D, E, F
Adverse effects of medications can contribute to falls. Cataracts impair vision, which is a risk
factor for falls. Poor muscle strength is a risk factor for falls. Incontinence of urine or stool
increases risk for falls. Men have a higher risk for falls. Hypertension itself does not
contribute to falls. Taking medications to treat hypertension that may lead to hypotension and
dizziness is a fall risk. Dizziness does contribute to falls.
REF: Page 15
MATCHING
Match the activities listed with the appropriate functional level of ability:
a. for instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)
b. for basic activities of daily living (BADLs)
1. Uses a cane
2. Bathes daily
3. Takes medications as prescribed
4. Dresses self
5. Balances the checkbook
6. Cleans the house
1. ANS: B REF: Page 14 | Page 15

3. ANS: A REF: Page 14 | Page 15
Concept 02: Functional Ability
Giddens: Concepts for Nursing Practice, 2nd Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse is assessing a patient’s functional ability. Which patient best demonstrates the
definition of functional ability?
a. Considers self as a healthy individual; uses cane for stability
b. College educated; travels frequently; can balance a checkbook
c. Works out daily, reads well, cooks, and cleans house on the weekends
d. Healthy individual, volunteers at church, works part time, takes care of family and
house
ANS: D
Functional ability refers to the individual’s ability to perform the normal daily activities
required to meet basic needs; fulfill usual roles in the family, workplace, and community; and
maintain health and well-being. The other options are good; however, healthy individual,
church volunteer, part time worker, and the patient who takes care of the family and house
fully meets the criteria for functional ability.
REF: Page 13
OBJ: NCLEX® Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort
2. The nurse is assessing a patient’s functional performance. What assessment parameters will be
most important in this assessment?
a. Continence assessment, gait assessment, feeding assessment, dressing assessment,
transfer assessment
b. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), vital signs assessment
c. Sleep assessment, energy assessment, memory assessment, concentration
assessment
d. Health and well-being, amount of community volunteer time, working outside the
home, and ability to care for family and house
ANS: A
Functional impairment, disability, or handicap refers to varying degrees of an individual’s
inability to perform the tasks required to complete normal life activities without assistance.
Height, weight, BMI, and vital signs are part of a physical assessment. Sleep, energy,
memory, and concentration are part of a depression screening. Healthy, volunteering,
working, and caring for family and house are functional abilities, not performance.
REF: Page 13
3. The nurse is assessing a patient with a mobility dysfunction and wants to gain insight into the
patient’s functional ability. What question would be the most appropriate?
a. “Are you able to shop for yourself?”

b. “Do you use a cane, walker, or wheelchair to ambulate?”
c. “Do you know what today’s date is?”
d. “Were you sad or depressed more than once in the last 3 days?”
ANS: B
“Do you use a cane, walker, or wheelchair to ambulate?” will assist the nurse in determining
the patient’s ability to perform self-care activities. A nutritional health risk assessment is not
the functional assessment. Knowing the date is part of a mental status exam. Assessing
sadness is a question to ask in the depression screening.
REF: Page 14
4. The nurse is developing an interdisciplinary plan of care using the Roper-Logan-Tierney

Model of Nursing for a patient who is currently unconscious. Which interventions would be
most critical to developing a plan of care for this patient?
a. Eating and drinking, personal cleansing and dressing, working and playing
b. Toileting, transferring, dressing, and bathing activities
c. Sleeping, expressing sexuality, socializing with peers
d. Maintaining a safe environment, breathing, maintaining temperature
ANS: D
The most critical aspects of care for an unconscious patient are safe environment, breathing,
and temperature. Eating and drinking are contraindicated in unconscious patients. Toileting,
transferring, dressing, and bathing activities are BADLs. Sleeping, expressing sexuality, and
socializing with peers are a part of the Roper-Logan-Tierney Model of Nursing; however,
these are not the most critical for developing the plan of care in an unconscious patient.
REF: Page 14
5. The home care nurse is trying to determine the necessary services for a 65-year-old patient
who was admitted to the home care service after left knee replacement. Which tool is the best
for the nurse to utilize?
a. Minimum Data Set (MDS)
b. Functional Status Scale (FSS)
c. 24-Hour Functional Ability Questionnaire (24hFAQ)
d. The Edmonton Functional Assessment Tool
ANS: C
The 24hFAQ assesses the postoperative patient in the home setting. The MDS is for nursing
home patients. The FSS is for children. The Edmonton is for cancer patients.
6. The nurse is assessing a patient’s functional abilities and asks the patient, “How would you
rate your ability to prepare a balanced meal?” “How would you rate your ability to balance a
checkbook?” “How would you rate your ability to keep track of your appointments?” Which
tool would be indicated for the best results of this patient’s perception of their abilities?
a. Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ)™

b. Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE)
c. 24hFAQ
d. Performance-based functional measurement
ANS: A
The FAQ is an example of a self-report tool which provides information about the patient’s
perception of functional ability. The MMSE assesses cognitive impairment. The 24hFAQ is
used to assess functional ability in postoperative patients. Performance-based tools involve
actual observation of a standardized task, completion of which is judged by objective criteria.
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. A 65-year-old female patient has been admitted to the medical/surgical unit. The nurse is
assessing the patient’s risk for falls so that falls prevention can be implemented if necessary.
Select all the risk factors that apply from this patient's history and physical. (Select all that
apply.)
a. Being a woman
b. Taking more than six medications
c. Having hypertension
d. Having cataracts
e. Muscle strength 3/5 bilaterally
f. Incontinence
ANS: B, D, E, F
Adverse effects of medications can contribute to falls. Cataracts impair vision, which is a risk
factor for falls. Poor muscle strength is a risk factor for falls. Incontinence of urine or stool
increases risk for falls. Men have a higher risk for falls. Hypertension itself does not
contribute to falls. Taking medications to treat hypertension that may lead to hypotension and
dizziness is a fall risk. Dizziness does contribute to falls.
REF: Page 15
MATCHING
Match the activities listed with the appropriate functional level of ability:
a. for instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)
b. for basic activities of daily living (BADLs)
1. Uses a cane
2. Bathes daily
3. Takes medications as prescribed
4. Dresses self
5. Balances the checkbook
6. Cleans the house
1. ANS: B REF: Page 14|Page 15

3. ANS: A REF: Page 14|Page 15
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The Project Gutenberg eBook of A history of the
Peninsular War, Vol. 6, September 1, 1812-August 5,
1813
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States
and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this
ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the
United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where
you are located before using this eBook.
Title: A history of the Peninsular War, Vol. 6, September 1, 1812-

August 5, 1813
The siege of Burgos, the retreat from Burgos, the
campaign of Vittoria, the battles of the Pyrenees
Author: Charles Oman
Release date: February 28, 2024 [eBook #73069]
Language: English
Original publication: Oxford: Claredon Press, 1922
Credits: Brian Coe, Ramón Pajares Box and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was
created from images of public domain material made
available by the University of Toronto Libraries.)
*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A HISTORY OF

THE PENINSULAR WAR, VOL. 6, SEPTEMBER 1, 1812-AUGUST 5,
1813 ***
Transcriber’s note
Table of Contents
List of Maps
List of Illustrations
Index
Footnotes
Lieutenant-General Sir Rowland Hill, K.G.B.
from the portrait by G. Dawe, R.A.
A HISTORY OF THE
PENINSULAR WAR
BY
CHARLES OMAN, K.B.E.
M.A. Oxon., Hon. LL.D. Edin.
FELLOW OF THE BRITISH ACADEMY

MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT FOR THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD
CHICHELE PROFESSOR OF MODERN HISTORY
AND FELLOW OF ALL SOULS COLLEGE, OXFORD
Vol. VI
September 1, 1812-August 5, 1813
THE SIEGE OF BURGOS
THE RETREAT FROM BURGOS
THE CAMPAIGN OF VITTORIA
THE BATTLES OF THE PYRENEES
WITH MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS
OXFORD
AT THE CLARENDON PRESS
1922
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
London Edinburgh Glasgow Copenhagen
New York Toronto Melbourne Cape Town
Bombay Calcutta Madras Shanghai
HUMPHREY MILFORD
Publisher to the University
Printed in England
P R E FA C E
I t is seldom that the last chapter of a volume is written seven years

after the first has been finished; and when this does happen, the
author is generally to blame. I must ask, however, for complete
acquittal on the charge of dilatoriness or want of energy. I was
writing the story of the Burgos Campaign in July 1914: in August the
Great War broke out: and like every one else I applied for service in
any capacity in which a man of fifty-four could be useful. By
September 4th I was hard at work in Whitehall, and by a queer
chance was the person who on September 12th drafted from very
inadequate material the long communiqué concerning the battle of
the Marne. For four years and six months I was busy in one office
and another, and ended up my service by writing the narrative of the
Outbreak of the War, which was published by the Foreign Office in
February 1919. My toils at the desk had just finished when it
happened that I was sent to the House of Commons, as Burgess
representing the University of Oxford, after a by-election caused by
the elevation of my predecessor, Rowland Prothero, to the Upper
Chamber. Two long official tours in the Rhineland and in France
combined with parliamentary work to prevent me writing a word in
1919. But in the recess of 1920 I was able to find time to
recommence Peninsular War studies, and this volume was finished
in the autumn and winter of 1921 and sent to the press in January
1922.
It was fortunate that in the years immediately preceding the Great
War I had been taking repeated turns round the Iberian Peninsula,
so that the topography of very nearly all the campaigns with which
this volume deals was familiar to me. I had marvelled at the
smallness of the citadel of Burgos, and the monotony of the plains
across which Wellington’s retreat of 1812 was conducted. I had
watched the rapid flow of the Zadorra beside Vittoria, marked the
narrowness of the front of attack at St. Sebastian, and admired the
bold scenery of the lower Bidassoa. Moreover, on the East Coast I
had stood on the ramparts of Tarragona, and wondered at the
preposterous operations against them which Sir John Murray
directed. But there are two sections of this volume in which I cannot
speak as one who has seen the land. My travels had never taken me
to the Alicante country, or the scene of the isolated and obscure
battle of Castalla. And—what is more important—I have never
tramped over Soult’s route from Roncesvalles to the gates of
Pampeluna, or from Sorauren to Echalar. Such an excursion I had
planned in company with my good friend Foster Cunliffe, our All
Souls Reader in Military History, who fell on the Somme in 1916, and
I had no great desire to think of making it without him. Moreover, the
leisure of the times before 1914 is now denied me. So for the greater
part of the ten-days’ Campaign of the Pyrenees I have been
dependent for topography on the observations of others—which I
regret. But it would have been absurd to delay the publication of this
volume for another year or more, on the chance of being able to go
over the ground in some uncovenanted scrap of holiday.
I have, as in previous cases, to make due acknowledgement of
much kind help from friends in the completion of this piece of work.
First and foremost my thanks are due to my Oxford colleague in the
History School, Mr. C. T. Atkinson of Exeter College, who found time
during some particularly busy weeks to go over my proofs with his
accustomed accuracy. His criticism was always valuable, and I made
numerous changes in the text in deference to his suggestions. As
usual, his wonderful knowledge of British regimental history enabled
me to correct many slips and solecisms, and to make many
statements clearer by an alteration of words and phrases. I am filled
with gratitude when I think how he exerted himself to help me in the
midst his own absorbing duties.
In the preceding volumes of this work I had not the advantage of
being able to read the parts of the Hon. John Fortescue’s History of
the British Army which referred to the campaigns with which I was
dealing. For down to 1914 I was some way ahead of him in the tale
of years. But his volumes of 1921 took him past me, even as far as
Waterloo, so that I had the opportunity of reading his accounts of
Vittoria and the Pyrenees while I was writing my own version. This
was always profitable—I am glad to think that we agree on all that is
essential, though we may sometimes differ on matters of detail. But
this is not the most important part of the aid that I owe to Mr.
Fortescue. He was good enough to lend me the whole of his
transcripts from the French Archives dealing with the Campaign of
1813, whereby I was saved a visit to Paris and much tedious copying
of statistics and excerpting from dispatches. My own work at the
Archives Nationales and the Ministry of War had only taken me down
to the end of 1812. This was a most friendly act, and saved me many
hours of transcription. There are few authors who are so liberal and
thoughtful for the benefit of their colleagues in study. It will be noted
in the Appendix that quite a large proportion of my statistics come
from papers lent me by Mr. Fortescue.
As to other sources now first utilized in print, I have to thank Mr.
W. S. D’Urban of Newport House for the loan of the diary of his
ancestor Sir Benjamin D’Urban—most valuable for the Burgos
retreat, especially for the operations of Hill’s column. Another diary
and correspondence, which was all-important for my last volume,
runs dry as a source after the first months of 1813. These were the
papers of Sir George Scovell, Wellington’s cypher-secretary, from
which so many quotations may be found in volume V. But after he
left head-quarters and took charge of the newly formed Military
Police [‘Staff Corps Cavalry’] in the spring before Vittoria, he lost
touch with the lines of information on which he had hitherto been so
valuable. I owe the very useful reports of the Spanish Fourth Army,
and the Marching Orders of General Giron, to the kindness of
Colonel Juan Arzadun, who caused them to be typed and sent to me
from Madrid. By their aid I was able to fill up all the daily étapes of
the Galician corps, and to throw some new light on its operations in
Biscay.
To Mr. Leonard Atkinson, M.C., of the Record Office, I must give
a special word of acknowledgement, which I repeat on page 753, for
discovering the long-lost ‘morning states’ of Wellington’s army in
1813, which his thorough acquaintance with the shelves of his
department enabled him to find for me, after they had been divorced
for at least three generations from the dispatches to which they had
originally belonged. Tied up unbound between two pieces of
cardboard, they had eluded all previous seekers. We can at last give
accurately the strength of every British and Portuguese brigade at
Vittoria and in the Pyrenees.
I could have wished that the times permitted authors to be as
liberal with maps as they were before the advent of post-war prices. I
would gladly have added detailed plans of the combats of Venta del
Pozo and Tolosa to my illustrations. And I am sorry that for maps of
Tarragona, and Catalonia generally, I must refer readers back to my
fourth volume. But books of research have now to be equipped with
the lowest possible minimum of plates, or their price becomes
prohibitive. I do not think that anything really essential for the
understanding of localities has been left out. I ought perhaps to
mention that my reconstructions of the topography of Maya and
Roncesvalles owe much to the sketch-maps in General Beatson’s
Wellington in the Pyrenees, the only modern plans which have any
value.
To conclude, I must express, now for the sixth time, to the
compiler of the Index my heartfelt gratitude for a laborious task
executed with her usual untiring patience and thoroughness.
CHARLES OMAN.
Oxford,
June 1922.
CONTENTS
SECTION XXXIV
The Burgos Campaign
CHAPTER PAGE
I. Wellington in the North: Burgos Invested.

September 1812 1
II. The Siege of Burgos. September 19-October
30, 1812 21
III. Wellington’s Retreat from Burgos. (1) From
the Arlanzon to the Douro. October 22-30 52
IV. Hill’s Retreat from Madrid. October 25-
November 6 87
V. Operations round Salamanca. November 1-
15 111
VI. Wellington’s Retreat from the Tormes to the
Agueda. November 16-20 143
VII. Critical Summary of the Campaigns of 1812 167
SECTION XXXV
I. Winter Quarters. November-December

1812-January 1813 181
II. The Troubles of a Generalissimo. Wellington
at Cadiz and Freneda 194
III. Wellington and Whitehall 214
IV. The Perplexities of King Joseph. February- 239
April 1813
V. The Northern Insurrection. February-May
1813 252
VI. An Episode on the East Coast, April 1813.
The Campaign of Castalla 275
SECTION XXXVI
The March to Vittoria
I. Wellington’s Plan of Campaign 299

II. Operations of Hill’s Column. May 22-June 3,
1813 313
III. Operations of Graham’s Column. May 26-
June 3, 1813 322
IV. Movements of the French. May 22-June 4,
1813 334
V. The Operations around Burgos. June 4-14,
1813 346
VI. Wellington crosses the Ebro. June 15-20,
1813 364
VII. The Battle of Vittoria, June 21, 1813: The
First Stage 384
VIII. The Battle of Vittoria: Rout of the French 413
SECTION XXXVII
The Expulsion of the French from Spain
I. Wellington’s Pursuit of Clausel. June 22-30,

1813 451
II. Graham’s Pursuit of Foy. June 22-31, 1813 470
III. The East Coast. Murray at Tarragona. June
2-18, 1813 488
IV. Wellington on the Bidassoa. July 1-12, 1813 522
V. Exit King Joseph. July 12, 1813 546
SECTION XXXVIII
The Battles of the Pyrenees
I. The Siege of St. Sebastian: the First Period,

July 12-25 557
II. Soult takes the Offensive in Navarre. July
1813 587
III. Roncesvalles and Maya. July 25, 1813 608
IV. Sorauren. July 28, 1813 642
V. Soult’s Retreat. Second Battle of Sorauren.
July 30 681
VI. Soult Retires into France. July 31-August 3,
1813 707
APPENDICES
I. British Losses at the Siege of Burgos.

September 20-October 21, 1812 741
II. The French Armies in Spain. Morning State
of October 15, 1812 741
III. Strength of Wellington’s Army during and
after the Burgos Retreat. October-
November 1813 745
IV. British Losses in the Burgos Retreat 747
V. Murray’s Army at Castalla. April 1813 748
VI. Suchet’s Army at Castalla 749
VII. British Losses at Biar and Castalla 750
VIII. Wellington’s Army in the Vittoria Campaign 750
IX. Spanish Troops under Wellington’s 753
Command. June-July 1813
X. The French Army at Vittoria 754
XI. British and Portuguese Losses at Vittoria 757
XII. French Losses at Vittoria 761
XIII. Sir John Murray’s Army in the Tarragona
Expedition 762
XIV. Suchet’s Army in Valencia and Catalonia.
June 1813 763
XV. Spanish Armies on the East Coast. June
1813 764
XVI. The Army of Spain as reorganized by Soult.
July 1813 765
XVII. British Losses at Maya and Roncesvalles.
July 25, 1813 768
XVIII. British Losses at Sorauren. July 28, 1813 769
XIX. British Losses at the Second Battle of
Sorauren and the Combat of Beunza.
July 30, 1813 770
XX. British Losses in Minor Engagements. July
31-August 2, 1813 772
XXI. Portuguese Losses in the Campaign of the
Pyrenees 773
XXII. French Losses in the Campaign of the
Pyrenees 774
INDEX 775
MAPS AND PLANS
I. Plan of Siege Operations at

Burgos. September-October
1812 To face 48
II. Operations round Salamanca.
November 1812 ” 130
III. Battle of Castalla ” 274
IV. General Map of Northern Spain
for the Burgos and Vittoria
Campaigns End of volume
V. Plan of the Battle of Vittoria To face 434
VI. Plan of the Siege of St.
Sebastian ” 584
VII. General Map of the Country
between Bayonne and
Pampeluna ” 606
VIII. Combat of Roncesvalles ” 622
IX. Combat of Maya ” 636
X. First Battle of Sorauren. July
28 ” 640
XI. Second Battle of Sorauren and
Combat of Beunza. July 30 ” 670
ILLUSTRATIONS
Portrait of Sir Rowland Hill Frontispiece

King Joseph at Mortefontaine To face page 544
SECTION XXXIV
THE BURGOS CAMPAIGN
CHAPTER I
WELLINGTON IN THE NORTH: BURGOS
INVESTED
AUGUST 31st-SEPTEMBER 20th, 1812
The year 1812 was packed with great events, and marked in
Spain no less than in Russia the final turn of the tide in the history of
Napoleon’s domination. But the end was not yet: when Wellington
entered Madrid in triumph on August 12th, the deliverance of the
Peninsula was no more certain than was the deliverance of Europe
when the French Emperor evacuated Moscow on October 22nd.
Vittoria and Leipzig were still a year away, and it was not till they had
been fought and won that the victory of the Allies was secure. The
resources of the great enemy were so immense that it required more
than one disaster to exhaust them. No one was more conscious of
this than Wellington. Reflecting on the relative numbers of his own
Anglo-Portuguese army and of the united strength of all the French
corps in Spain, he felt that the occupation of Madrid was rather a
tour de force, an admirable piece of political propaganda, than a
decisive event. It would compel all the scattered armies of the enemy
to unite against him, and he was more than doubtful whether he
could make head against them. ‘I still hope,’ he wrote to his brother
Henry, the Ambassador at Cadiz, ‘to maintain our position in Castile,
and even to improve our advantages. But I shudder when I reflect

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Test Bank Nursing: A Concept Based

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Concept 02: Functional Ability

4. The nurse is developing an interdisciplinary plan of care using the Roper-Logan-Tierney

a. Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ)™

1. ANS: B REF: Page 14 | Page 15

a. “Are you able to shop for yourself?”

4. The nurse is developing an interdisciplinary plan of care using the Roper-Logan-Tierney

a. Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ)™

1. ANS: B REF: Page 14|Page 15

Title: A history of the Peninsular War, Vol. 6, September 1, 1812-

Author: Charles Oman

Release date: February 28, 2024 [eBook #73069]

Original publication: Oxford: Claredon Press, 1922

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A HISTORY OF

FELLOW OF THE BRITISH ACADEMY

I t is seldom that the last chapter of a volume is written seven years

I. Wellington in the North: Burgos Invested.

I. Winter Quarters. November-December

I. Wellington’s Plan of Campaign 299

I. Wellington’s Pursuit of Clausel. June 22-30,

I. The Siege of St. Sebastian: the First Period,

I. British Losses at the Siege of Burgos.

MAPS AND PLANS

I. Plan of Siege Operations at

Portrait of Sir Rowland Hill Frontispiece

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