Emerging technology is a term generally used to describe a new

technology, but it may also refer to the continuing development

of an existing technology; it can have slightly different meaning
when used in different areas, such as media, business, science,
or education. The term commonly refers to technologies that are
currently developing, or that are expected to be available within
the next five to ten years, and is usually reserved for
technologies that are creating, or are expected to create,
significant social or economic effects
 EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

Before we delve into our discussion let’s have a look at the following video that
briefly highlights and explains various types of Emerging Technologies
 VARIOUS TRENDING TECHNOLOGIES

• Big Data
• Internet of Things (IoT)
• Block chain
• Robotics
• Virtual Robotics
 BIG DATA

What is it?

• The definition of big data is data that contains greater variety, arriving in
increasing volumes and with more velocity. This is also known as the three
Vs.

• Put simply, big data is larger, more complex data sets, especially from new
data sources. These data sets are so voluminous that traditional data
processing software just can’t manage them. But these massive volumes of
data can be used to address business problems you wouldn’t have been able
to tackle before.
 BIG DATA

Three V’s in Big Data

• Volume: The amount of data matters. With big data, you’ll have to process high
volumes of low-density, unstructured data. This can be data of unknown value,
such as Twitter data feeds, clickstreams on a web page or a mobile app, or
sensor-enabled equipment. For some organizations, this might be tens of
terabytes of data. For others, it may be hundreds of petabytes

• Velocity: Velocity is the fast rate at which data is received and (perhaps) acted
on. Normally, the highest velocity of data streams directly into memory versus
being written to disk. Some internet-enabled smart products operate in real
time or near real time and will require real-time evaluation and action

• Variety: Variety refers to the many types of data that are available. Traditional
data types were structured and fit neatly in a relational database. With the rise
of big data, data comes in new unstructured data types. Unstructured and semi
structured data types, such as text, audio, and video, require additional pre-
processing to derive meaning and support metadata
 BIG DATA

Two new emerging V’s in Big Data

• Two more V’s have emerged over time . . . not listed in your module guide but
these are: Value and Veracity.
• Data has intrinsic value. But it’s of no use until that value is discovered. Equally
important: How truthful is your data—and how much can you rely on it?

Today, big data has become capital. Think of some of the world’s biggest tech
companies. A large part of the value they offer comes from their data, which t
Uses of Big Data:

• Product development
• Predictive maintenance
• Customer experience
• Fraud and Compliance
• Machine learning
• Operational efficiency
• Drive innovation
 INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)

One if the most important innovations in technology, the connection not just
between computers, or devices like cloud technologies or so, but more so between
the internet and other embedded devices. This is the emergence of what is now
known as smart homes, smart TV’s, smart devices. Some examples are Google
home, or Alexa. This is all reliant on your home internet connection to integrate all
these devices.
INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)
 BLOCK CHAIN

• Blockchain technology is in a nutshell a server for documenting transactions

in a safe and secure manner. MANCOSA makes use of Blockchain to issue
digital certificates. Many of you who have a LinkedIn profile and have
completed qualification during the COVID lockdown period – you would
know that most qualification were posted, but also digitalised. The best and
safest way to do so was through the means of Blockchain
 ROBOTICS

• A robot is a technology or technological process that can execute operations

previously performed by humans. Robots are increasingly finding ways to
provide financial services as well. Various factories and production lines have
incorporated the robotics into their production facilities to increase the rate
of production and eliminate the human error elements. This has reduced
overheads significantly to all companies
 VIRTUAL ROBOTICS

• These are the virtual chat bots and virtual agents you and I interact with on a
regular basis. This has also reduced and eliminated the overall number of
administrative tasks human had to deal with. For example, looking at a call
centre, based on data analysed the number of frequently asked questions
can be identified and steered to the virtual robot or in this case chat bot that
would handle these incoming queries thereby eliminating the amount of
agents required to respond to the mundane task of sending a medical tax
certificate for arguments sake
 INTRODUCTION
Artificial intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence processes by
machines, especially computer systems. Specific applications of AI include expert
systems, natural language processing, speech recognition and machine vision.

This unit covers and deals with how 4IR contributes positively to humanity,
business, manufacturing, supply chains and health and education sectors. Of
course 4IR encompasses the way of describing the blurring of boundaries
between the physical, digital, and biological worlds. It’s a fusion of advances in
artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), 3D printing,
genetic engineering, quantum computing, and other technologies. It’s the
collective force behind many products and services that are fast becoming
indispensable to modern life. Think GPS systems that suggest the fastest route to
a destination, voice-activated virtual assistants such as Apple’s Siri, personalized
Netflix recommendations, and Facebook’s ability to recognize your face and tag
you in a friend’s photo
HOW DOES AI WORK
AI
 4IR IN SOUTH AFRICA
Factors opposing 4IR in South Africa

• Load shedding
• Unemployment rates at a record high, and protests over wage disputes.
• Crime
• Unequal Wealth Distribution
4IR IN THE WORLD