INTRODUCTION

Introduction of the project

A landslide is a natural disaster characterized by the movement of a mass of rock, soil,
and debris down a slope, often triggered by various factors. These factors can include heavy
rainfall, snowmelt, earthquakes, volcanic activity, changes in groundwater levels, erosion,
human activities such as deforestation, construction, and mining, or a combination of these
factors. Landslides can occur in different forms, including rockfalls, debris flows, earth
slides, and rockslides, depending on the type of material involved and the slope's
characteristics. They can range in size from small, localized events to large, catastrophic
occurrences that can cause significant damage to infrastructure, property, and the
environment.
Landslides in the Kokan region are primarily triggered by heavy rainfall, steep slopes,
geological factors, and human activities. The region experiences intense monsoon rains from
June to September, which saturate the soil and weaken the stability of slopes. Additionally,
the Kokan region's geological composition, characterized by soft rock formations and loose
soil, further increases the susceptibility to landslides. Steep slopes prevalent in the Kokan
region exacerbate the risk of landslides, as gravity acts upon the saturated soil, causing it to
slide downhill.
Deforestation, improper land use practices, and construction activities without
adequate slope stabilization measures also contribute to landslide occurrences by removing
vegetation that helps bind soil together and by altering natural drainage patterns. The impacts
of landslides in the Kokan region can be severe, leading to loss of lives, damage to
infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and buildings, disruption of transportation and
communication networks, and destruction of agricultural lands and natural habitats. So, to
avoid this problem, we suggested some control measure or techniques which is economical.
As compared to artificial solution or method.
1.2 What are going to do in project?
In Kokan region most of the landslide occurs due to heavy rainfall. Due to this there
are many losses like constructed structure, communication transport of roads get block, even
the people losses their lives. So we all decided to work on this topic i.e. case study on
landslide in Kokan region. In this we decided to give the preventive measure with
economically affordable. So most of the landslide can be prevented and avoided.
To avoid this we planned to give the preventive measures are drainage, plantation and
proper road design in hilly area.

1.3 Site information

In Ratnagiri itself there was a small landslide occur at Peth killla near the bhagavti
______ during the rainy season. In last rainfall there was a landslide but the people near they
was prepared the rock pitching perth with the help of basalt rock. Due to which it was in
stable condition but as this year rainfall was too heavy, it couldn’t bear the soil and again
landfall occur. In this landside people near that ass the ____ face the losses due to the
landslide directly falls on the back side of their house.
Due to rainfall the water content in soil gets increases soil was loose that’s why the
landslide is occur. So people complaint about it in the Nagar Parishad of Ratnagiri. Then the
people of the Nagar Parishad of Ratnagiri had visit to the site of where the landslide was
occur and after that they and expert civil engineer decided the construct the retaining wall.
That is the permanent solution of this landslide