Lesson 7 The life of the Prophet 5 Part 1 The Farewell Pilgrimage In the tenth year of Hijrah, the Prophet 85 decided to go for pilgrimage and the Muslims started to prepare for the j journey. The Prophet #5 left for Makkah on 25th Dhul Qadha. Many joined him on his way to Makkah. It is reportéd that one hundred and fourteen thousand followers accompanied him in the farewell pilgrimage. They reached Mak- kah on the 4th of Dhul Hajj after a journey of nineteen days. On 9th Dhul-Hajj, the Prophet 255 went to Arafat with his Companions. He delivered a sermon to the people while seated on his camel. He said, “O People! Listen to my words | don’t know whether, after this year, I shall be amongst you mmongst you again or not.” ~ (Protection of life prop of life property and | honour, 40 People! Just as you regard t month, this day, this city as Sacred, , So regard the life and prope! _ every Muslim as a sacred trust” / Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners, “Hurt that no one may hurt you. Remember that you wil! indeed Lord, and that He will indeed reckon your deeds.” ~ Usury is prohibited, “Allah has forbidden you to take usury (Interest) therefore, all interest obligations shall henceforth be waived... ,) Beware of Satan, “For your safety of your religion. He has lost all hope / that he will ever be able to lead you astray in big things, so beware of _ following him in small things.” Rights of Women, “O People! it is true that you have certain rights with regard to your women, but they also have rights over you. Do treat your women well and be kind to them for they are your partners.” “O People! listen to me in earnest, wor- ship Allah, say your five daily prayers (Salah), fast during the month of Ramadan, give Zakat and perform Hajj if you can afford to.” ity, “You know that every Muslim is the brother of another Muslim. You are all equal. Nobody has superiority over other except by piety and good action.” ngone so 2et yourRights of Slaves, “And see that you feed your slave such h food as you eat and clothe them with what you wear.” Day of Judgment, “Remember, one day you will appear before Allah and answer for your deeds. So beware, do not astray from the path of righteousness after | am gone.” OY Einality of the Prophet, “O People! no prophet or apostle will come after me and no new faith will be born.” Eollow the Qur’an & Sunnah, “I leave behind me two things, the Qur’an and my example, the Sunnah and if you follow these, you will never go astray.” Convey Message, “All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again.” : When the sermon was over, The Prophet| #4 said his Dhuhr and Asr prayers combined. At that time the last revelation came, "This day have | perfected your religion for you completed my favour upon you and have chosen for you Islam as your religion.” (5:3) The Prophet returned to Madinah after the pilgrimage. Activity 1. highlight the main teachings of the Prophet's #45 last sermon? 2. How many Muslims went with the Prophet #4 for pilgrimage ? 3. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:- i. The life, honour and property of the people are as sacred =. tne sacredness of the city of. , the month of_ ane the day of. ii. Women should be treated. iii. Muslims must worship, ,say_ | A month of give and perform Hajj if they can to. iv.All Muslims are. , Nobody has over other except by and good action. v. The Prophet #2 went for pilgrimage in the __ year of Hijrah. 4, Mark the following statements with true ~) or false (X):- i, Arabs are superior to non-Arabs. ii, We should feed our servants the leftovers. iii, All will give an account of their deeds on the Day of Judgment. iv. There will be no prophet after Prophet Mohammad y. Muslims are only required to follow the Qur'an to learn about their religion. vi. The Message of the Prophet # UU OO00 4% should be conveyed to others.Lesson 8 The life of the Prophet #“*s Part 2 The Year of Deputations Many deputations from various tribes from all over Arabia came to offer their allegiance to the Prophet -#4%~ and accepted Islam. All the pagan tribes accepted Islam and written treaties were made with them specifying their privileges and responsibilitiesy Muslim missionaries were sent to various tribes to teach them the fundamental principles of Islam. , . The Christian tribe of Najran that did not wish to forsake Christianity was allowed to rétain’ their faith. They were offered protection on payment of tax known as “Jizya” Death Soon after his return from Makkah, the Prophet #35 fell ill with head- ache and fever. He remained sick for about two weeks. At first, he performed all his duties as usual and led prayers. On the fifth day of his illness he retired to the apart- ment of A’ishah ‘2 with the con- sent of his other wives. When he became too weak, he appointed Abu Bakr 42> to lead the prayers. One day the Prophet #45 came in the Mosque supported by ‘Ali and Abbas 4 , after prayer __ he begged forgiveness from his hear- _ e@fs, and exhorted them to follow the | path of Allah, he said, “Allah has granted the choice to His servant to accept the good things of life or __ all that is with Allah in eternity. But this servant has chosen the bless- A ings that are with Allah”. The Golden Gate of Prophet's BetsThen he advised the Muslims to be careful about the rights of Ansar and to treat them well. Finally, he said, “The rights of you are attached to me, 1am a human, if | have hurt anyone’s honour, here is my honour he should avenge himself.” He also said, “Be watchful about your five daily prayers; and rights of your women and servant”. he forbade them from worshipping his grave after his death , he said, ‘Allah cursed the Jews for they took the graves of their prophets as places for worship.’ ( Sahih Bukhari ) On the last day of his life he came in the Mosque and joined the congre- gational prayer behind Abu Bakr “2 , This was his last public appearance, then he returned to ‘A'ishah's apartment. Later in the day, he became very restless and weak ‘A'ishah “ raised his head from the pillow and laid it in her lap. His last words were, “Allah, the Exalted Companion on high.” (Sahih Bukhari) The Prophet #4 died on Monday the twelfth Rabi-u-Awal 11th A.H. He was sixty three years old. The funeral rites were ere performed by , Usamah bin Zayed and Fadal and he was buried in the room of ’A'ishah Activity ~ 1. What were the last words of the Prophet 25 ? 2. Where did he shift when he fell ill? 3. Who led the Muslims to prayers when the Prophet #45 fell ill? 4. What advice did the Prophet 245 give the Muslims before he died? 5. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:- i. Many deputations from various tribes from all over Arabia came to offe their to the Prophet #5. ii. Allthe tribes accepted Islam and written treaties were mac with them specifying their and 7 iii. The Prophet #25 shifted to the apartment of when he fell. v. The Prophet #% appointed to lead the prayers. vi. The Prophet #4 advised the Muslims to be careful about the rights of. vii. The \e Prophet #45 died on Rabi-u-Awal AH.Lesson 10 Sunnah The Prophet #5 is an excellent example for all the Muslims to follow in all walks of life. Allah says, ASE A SHIGE RGB “Indeed you have an excellent example in the Prophet to follow.” (Al-Ahzab 33:21) The commands of Allah are given in the Qur’an. The Prophet #5 explained and demonstrated these principles and commands by his sayings, actions and tacit approval. Hadith is the saying of the Prophet #25 and it is also the record of what was practiced, while Sunnah is his practice or his acts. Sunnah is also silent approval of an act of another person that took place in front of him. Sunnah explains the Qur’an The Qur'an is a book of Allah, which contains principles of life. These prin- ciples were demonstrated, interpreted and explained by the Prophet 225 . The Qur'an commands us to pray “Establish prayer and give charity.” (Al-Bagarah 2:43) But it does not explain the timing of the prayers, or ‘ts method, or number of prayers or number of Rakk'ahs a person mus’ or etc. The Prophet 2447 explained this with his actions, he said, “Pray « see me praying.” (Sahih Bukhari) Similarly, the Qur'an orders Muslims to pay Zakah but it does explain, the rate of the Zakah or how many times in a year a person shou pay Zakah, this again was explained by the Prophet 2&9 . Similarly, the Qur'an tells Muslims to perform Pilgrimage, But does not ex- plain the rites of Pilgrimage, its dress, its prohibitions, timings, or number of {nes it has to be performed in one’s lifetime, all this was again explained b, the Prophet 25 . 1: 2 Prophet 2% laid down principles of law regarding every aspect of life, © .. buying, selling, contracts, leases and succession and also regardingmatters where the Qur'an is silent. Muslims must obey Prophet #8% in all their affairs. Obedience of the Prophet #45 is obedience of Allah. Allah says, WUPLS 08S 525i gah oe "He who obeys the Apostle obeys Allah." (4:80) The Qur'an commands Muslims to follow what the Prophet #24 ordered and to men from what he forbade, (saa 64 WX BOS S383 C3 RS 3 “And abcd the messenger gives you, take it. And whatsoever he forbids, abstain (from it)."(59:7) — The Prophet #8 ordered Muslims to follow the Qur'an and the Sunnah. He said, “I leave with you two things. If you hold fast by them both, you will never be misguided - the Book of Allah and Sunnah of the Prophet.” (Mutua). Some of the Sayings of the Prophet 25 Actions are judged by intention. (Sahih Bukhari) Atrue Muslim is the one from whose hand and tongue other \iusims are safe. (Sahih Bukhari) * Bekind to those on earth, the one in heaven will be kind to you. nan Abu Daud) * The best amongst you is the one who is the best towards his ‘© ings» (Sahih Bukhari) * The main part of wisdom after religion is love for menvand doing well to everyone, the sinner and the pious. (Daraqutni) + “On every day sun rises, charity is due on every joint of man, doing jus- * tice between two men is charity, and assisting a man to ride his beast or helping him load his luggage on it is charity, and a good word is charity; and every step which you takes towards prayer is charity, and removing harmful things from path is charity. (Sahih Bukhari) Activity . What is the difference between Hadith and Sunnah? . Why sunnah is important for Muslims? . Give three examples to show that the Sunnah explains the Qur'an? Go through your book and learn forty Ahadith. What did the Prophet 2447 leave for the guidance of the Muslims? be ALOn=6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:- i. The Prophet #45 is a model for all Muslims to in all walks of life. ii. Hadith is the of the Prophet #4 and it is also the of what was practiced. iii, Sunnah is the iv. The main part of wisdom after well to everyone, the and the. v. Be kind to those on , the one in will be kind to you. An act of charity may be performed by removing, things from 7. Mark the following statements with true iy ) or false (X):- i. Sunnah is the sayings of the Prophet Whosoever follows the Prophet #45 follows Allah. CF iii, The Qur'an explains the method of prayers. . The Qur'an does not explain the rate of Zakah. or, of the Prophet # is love for men, and doing vi. The Qur'an tells the Muslims, to perform Pilgrimage, but does not explain the rites of Pilgrimage. i. The Prophet #5 did not lay other laws than those given in the Qur'an.