PRELIM EXAM

EC1: GENDER AND SOCIETY

Name:______________________________________Year/SET:_______________

Instructor:______________________________________Date:________________

Part I- MCQ
Direction: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. ENCIRCLE
only one answer for each item. Strictly, NO ERASURES.

1. What is the major aim of the course, Gender and Society?

a. It only explores how sex and gender shape the way we learn.
b. It uncovers the different facets concerning how sex, gender, or gender identity shape
the way we learn, love, work, thrive and suffer.
c. It deals with sociological experiences of sex, sexuality, and gender.
d. It explores the variations of the division between male and female, between masculinity
and femininity across time and space to better understand the functioning of gender in
our own society.

2. How does sex differ from gender?

a. Sex is socially constructed while gender refers to the biological makeup of a person.
b. Sex includes the biological characteristics of a person while gender is socially
constructed.
c. Sex is associated with socially constructed rules while gender is assigned at birth based
on physiological characteristics.
d. Sex varies in different factors while gender is universal.

3. Which is true about sex?

a. It pertains to the physical and physiological differences between males and females.
b. It pertains to the social or cultural distinctions associated with being male or female.
c. It pertains to the socially constructed norms and expectations of men and women.
d. It pertains to the social relations between men and women.

4. Which is true about gender?

a. Gender involves the physical differences between people who are male or female.
b. Gender is universal.
c. Gender is a social construct.
d. Gender is determined by an individual’s biology.

5. It is the concept of what society believes men and women ought to act and behave.
a. Gender Identity c. Sexual Orientation
b. Gender Roles d. Sex

6. It is one’s self- conception of how he/she sees himself based on his/her association with
masculine or feminine gender roles.
a. Gender Identity c. Gender
b. Gender Roles d. Sexual Orientation.

7. It is one’s emotional and sexual attraction to a particular sex.

a. Gender Identity c. Sexual Orientation
 b. Gender Roles d. Sex

8. Gender roles can vary from group to group and can change over time.
a. True c. False
b. Partly true d. Maybe

9. Gender identity is created by society.

a. True c. False
b. Partly True d. Maybe

10. Martha is only attracted and faithful to her boyfriend, Carl. What is Martha’s sexual
orientation?
a. Homosexual c. Bisexual
b. Heterosexual d. Asexual

11. Lina and Shine have been best friends since childhood. When they reach high school, Shine
eventually fell in love with Lina, and realized that she is only attracted to her same sex. What
is the sexual orientation of Shine?
a. Heterosexual c. Asexual
b. Bisexual d. Homosexual
12. Junard is studying in a prestigious high school in the city. He has classmates named Ana and
Brian whom he both admired for different reasons. He later realized that he is attracted to
both sexes. What is Junard’s sexual orientation?
a. Bisexual c. Asexual
b. Heterosexual d. Homosexual

13. Eva firmly believes that he is not attracted to either female or male. What is her sexual
orientation?
a. Bisexual c. Asexual
b. Heterosexual d. Homosexual

14. These are individuals who undergo medical interventions to align their physical being to
their gender identity.
a. Asexual c. Bisexuals
b. Transexuals d. Homosexuals

15. Which is true about transgenders?

a. All transgenders are transexuals.
b. All transgenders are not transexuals.
c. Not all transgenders are transexuals.
d. Not all transexuals are transgenders.

16. These individuals believe that their biological sex aligns to their gender identity.
a. Transgender c. Cisgender
b. Agender d. Gender

17. These individuals identify themselves as neither man nor woman.

a. Agender c. Gender
b. Transgender d. Cisgender

18. These individuals identify themselves having roles that are opposite of their biological sex.
 a. Agender c. Cisgender
b. Gender d. Transgender

19. Micha is biologically female and identifies herself as a woman who wear descent dresses and
act politely. Micha’s gender identity is __________.
a. Agender c. Transgender
b. Cisgender d. Gender

20. Erika does not identify herself as man or woman. Erika’s gender identity is __________.
a. Agender c. Transgender
b. Cisgender d. Gender

21. Mich is biologically male but identifies and lives as a woman and choose to take feminine
roles. Mich’s gender identity is _____________.
a. Agender c. Transgender
b. Cisgender d. Gender

22. It consists of the people and institutions around us, our common values, and cultural
concepts.
a. Community c. Society
b. Barangay d. City

23. It is a group of people who live in a definable community and share the same culture.
a. Community c. City
b. Society d. Barangay

24. Societies are social groups that differ according to _____________.

a. Resources, population, and technology
b. Media, family, and celebration
c. Population, media, and resources
d. Resources, education, and company

25. Society comes from the French word, “sociétes” which means __________?
a. people c. person
b. company d. ally

26. It is a sphere of society where it comprises of different forms of communication, and its
ultimate goal is to promote harmonious relationship with other people.
a. Religion c. Media
b. Celebration d. Family

27. It is a social institution where children in the society learn fundamental knowledge, skills,
and cultural norms.
a. Government c. Economics
b. Education d. Media

28. It is the smallest unit of society where gender identity is first established.
a. Family c. Government
b. Celebration d. Media

29. It equips individuals to have moral and spiritual foundation as guide in their everyday lives.
 a. Celebration c. Economics
b. Media d. Religion

30. It safeguards people through its laws and order and uses authority to serve people.
a. Education c. Government
b. Religion d. Family

31. It helps people understand the world around them and includes major branches such as
Science, Technology and Business.
a. Economics c. Family
b. Religion d. Education

32. It helps the society preserve its culture and strengthen community ties.
a. Family c. Family
b. Celebration d. Media

33. Its aim is to help educate, entertain, and inform people through different platforms.
a. Family c. Media
b. Education d. Celebration

34. It helps society bring a sense of belonging and community spirit.

a. Education c. Government
b. Media d. Celebration

35. It produces more enlightened citizens who can play an integral part in contributing
meaningfully to the growth and prosperity of society.
a. Celebration c. Education
b. Media d. Family

36. Which is true about the spheres of society?

a. They are dependent upon each other.
b. They are independent of one another.
c. They are interdependent and interconnected.
d. They are neither dependent nor independent.

37. The process of internalizing the norms and ideologies of society is _____________.
a. Gender Generalization c. Gender Stereotyping
b. Gender Socialization d. Gender Extinction

38. Mr. Santos shared in his class that who we are is affected by our environmental influences.
What does he refer in socialization?
a. Nature c. Nourishment
b. Nurture d. Nation

39. Ms. Acosta imparted in his Gender and Society class that who we are is because of our
hormonal and genetic makeup. What does he refer to in socialization?
a. Nourishment c. Nurture
b. Nation d. Nature

40. In what dimension of “nature and nurture” debate does Sociology is more concerned of?
a. Nurture c. Nature and Nurture
 b. Nature d. Neither of the two

41. Social Learning Theory posits that we learn through watching others and modeling what
they say and do. This proponent of this theory is _______________.
a. Albert Bandura c. Erik Erikson
b. Sigmund Freud d. Lawrence Kohlberg

42. Who theorized the Social Conflict Theory?

a. Max Weber c. Auguste Comte
b. Harriet Martineau d. Karl Marx

43. According to these theorists, socialization reproduces inequality from generation to

generation through conveying different expectations and norms to those with different
social characteristics.
a. Conflict Theorists c. Structural Functionalists
b. Interactionist d. Queer Theory

44. These theorists believe that socialization trains members to operate successfully within it,
and because it perpetuates culture by transmitting it to new generations.
a. Interactionists c. Structural Functionalists
b. Conflict Theorists d. Queer Theory

45. These theorists claimed that socialization is concerned with face-to-face exchanges and
symbolic communication.
a. Queer Theory c. Structural Functionalists
b. Conflict Theorists d. Interactionists

46. According to Davis (1993), who are more present in advertisements promoting cooking,
cleaning, or childcare-related products?
a. Women c. Children
b. Men d. Agender

47. What are the chief goals of men according to Milillo (2008)?
a. To look good and please men.
b. To cook, clean, and take care of children.
c. To succeed and live life in a fast lane.
d. To drink beer and drive cars.

48. According to Begley & Eliot (2009), when does socialization into gender roles begin?
a. Adolescence c. Toddlerhood
b. Late Adulthood d. Infancy

49. According to Sadker & Sadker (1994) how does gender socialization occurred in school?
a. Teachers interrupted boys more often.
b. Teachers gave boys more opportunities to express themselves and share their ideas.
c. Teachers gave both opportunities for boys and girls to share their understanding of the
class.
d. Teachers do not give chances to all the students to impart their learning.

50. How does gender socialization occur in peers?

 a. Peers encourage passivity towards boys and alertness in girls.
b. Peers encourage competitiveness in boys and trust and cooperation among girls.
c. Peers encourage trust and cooperation among boys and competitiveness in girls.
d. Peers encourage passivity among girls and boys.

Part II-MCQ
Directions: From the pool of words, determine the type of society that is being referred on each
item. Write only the letter on the space provided before the number. Strictly, no erasures.

A. Hunting and Gathering E. Feudal

B. Pastoral F. Industrial
C. Horticultural G. Post Industrial
D. Agricultural

________51. It is driven by the use of technology and machinery to enable mass production of
goods.
________52. This society primarily survives through hunting, trapping, fishing, and gathering edible
plants.
________53. This society is formed through land ownership.
________54. Service economies in this society are given more emphasis rather ran economies on
production.
________55. It is characterized by the domestication and breeding of animals for a more stable food
supply.
________56. Most of the people living in this society make their living through farming.
________57. To survive, this society rely on cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and plants.
________58. This type of society has four distinct social classes: the landowners, lords, knights, and
peasant.
________59. This type of society is nomadic.
________60. This type of society is semi-nomadic.
________61. It is considered as the earliest and simplest form of society.
________62. This type of society started food and animal trade with the other societies.
________63. Specialized roles in this type of society include craftspeople, shamans (religious
leaders), and traders.
________64. It is also called Agrarian societies.
________65. This type of society uses fossil fuels to increase the rate and scale of production.
________66. Society like this is generally small with less than 50 members.
________67. The technological advances in this type of society led to an increase in food supplies, an
increase in population, and the development of trade centers.
________68. The development of this type of society shifts from manufacturing goods to service
sectors.
________69. Knowledge is valued as a form of capital in this type of society.
________70. In this type of society, women are typically responsible for milking and dairy
processing, while men are responsible for herding and selling meat animals.
Part III-ENUMERATION
Direction: Enumerate the five agents of gender socialization according to culture. Then, briefly
explain each agent by giving examples. 2 points each. Strictly, no erasures.

71-72.

73-74.

75-76.

77-78.

79-80.

Part IV-ESSAY
Direction: In three to five sentences, answer the following questions. Strictly, no erasures. You will
be graded according to the following rubrics:
Rubrics:
Content- 7 pts.
Organization- 3pts.
Grammar and Mechanics- 2pts.
Total- 10 pts.

81-90. Explain the term gender roles and give concrete examples for each role (men and women).

91-100. Explain the effects of gender socialization on men and women.