tFg;g[ ~ VG brapd;l; ghy;*; bkl;hpf;Fnyrd; gs;sp gHdp/ ,uz;lhk; gUtk;

ghlk; ~jkpH; ,ay;-1 fy';fiu tpsf;fk;

I FWtpdh
1/ kuf;fy';fisj; Jiw nehf;fp miHg;gJ vJ?
kuf;fy';fisj; Jiw nehf;fp miHg;gJ fy';fiu tpsf;fkhFk;/
2/ fy';fiu tpsf;fpy; ve;neuj;jpy; tpsf;F Vw;wg;gLk;?
fy';fiu tpsf;fpy; ,utpy; tpsf;F Vw;wg;gLk;/
II rpWtpdh
1/ fy';fiu tpsf;fk; gw;wpg; bgUk;ghzhw;Wg;gil TWk; fUj;Jfis vGJf/
fy';fiu tpsf;fkhdJ thdk; fPnH tpGe;Jtplhky; jh';fpf; bfhz;oUf;Fk; Jhz;
nghyj; njhw;wkspf;fpwJ/ Vzp bfhz;L Vw Koahj cauj;ijf; bfhz;oUf;fpwJ/
ntag;glhj rhe;J g{rg;gl;l tpz;iz Kl;Lk; khlj;ij cilaJ/ mk;khlj;jpy; ,utpy;
Vw;wg;gl;l vupa[k; tpsf;F flypy; Jiw mwpahky; fy';Fk; kuf;fy';fisj; jd; Jiw
nehf;fp miHf;fpwJ/
ftpd;kpF fg;gy;
I FWtpdh
1/ ehthapd; njhw;wk; vt;thW ,Ue;jjhf mfehDhW TWfpwJ?
ehthapd; njhw;wk; cyfk; g[il bgau;e;jJ nghd;w mHF bghUe;jpa njhw;wj;ij
cilajhf ,Ue;jjhf mfehDhW TWfpwJ/
2/ ehtha; Xl;ofSf;Ff; fhw;W vt;thW Jizbra;fpwJ?
,ut[k; gfYk; Xhplj;Jk; j';fhky; tPRk; fhw;whdJ ehthia mirj;Jr; brYj;jp
ehtha; Xl;ofSf;Fj; Jiz bra;fpwJ/
II rpWtpdh~
1/ flypy; fg;gy; bry;Yk; fhl;rpia mfehDhW vt;thW tpsf;FfpwJ?
cyfk; g[ilbgau;e;jJ nghd;w mHF bghUe;jpa njhw;wj;ij cilaJ ehtha;/ mJ
g[yhy; ehw;wKila miytPRk; bghpa flypd; ePiug; gpse;J bfhz;L bry;Yk;/ ,ut[k;
gfYk; Xuplj;Jk; j';fhky; tPRfpd;w fhw;whdJ ehthia mirj;Jr; brYj;Jk; cau;e;j
fiuia cila kzy; epiwe;j JiwKfj;jpy; fy';fiu tpsf;fj;jpd;; xspahy; jpir
mwpe;J ehtha; Xl;Lgtd; ehthiar; brYj;Jthd; vdf; flypy; fg;gy; bry;Yk; fhl;rpia
mfehDhW tpsf;FfpwJ/
jkpHupd; fg;gw;fiy/
I FWtpdh
1/ njhzp vd;Dk; brhy;ypd; bgau;f;fhuzj;ijf; TWf/
vil Fiwe;j bghpa ku';fspd; cl;gFjpiaf; File;J vLj;Jtpl;Lj; njhzpahfg;
gad;gLj;jpdhd;/ cl;gFjp njhz;lg;gl;lit vd;gjhy; mit njhzpfs; vdg;gl;ld/
2/ fg;gy; fl;Lk;nghJ kug;gyiffSf;F ,ilna nj';fha; ehu; (m) g";R itg;gjd;
nehf;fk; vd;d?
ku';fisa[k; gyiffisa[k; xd;nwhL xd;W ,izf;Fk; nghJ mtw;Wf;F ,ilna
nj';fha; ehu; . g";R Mfpatw;wpy; xd;iw itj;J ed;whf ,Wf;fp Mzpfis
miwe;jdu;/ Rz;zhk;iga[k; rziya[k; fye;J miuj;J mjpy; vz;bza; fye;J fg;gypd;
mog;gFjpapy; g{rpdh; ,jdhy; fg;gy;fs; gGjilahky; beL';fhyk; ciHj;jd/
3/ fg;gy; cWg;g[fs; rpytw;wpd; bgau;fisf; TWf/
fg;gy; gy;ntW tifahd cWg;g[fis cilaJ/ vuh. gUky;. t';F . Tk;g[ .
gha;kuk; . Rf;fhd;. e';Tuk; nghd;wit fg;gypd; cWg;g[fSs; rpythFk;/
II rpWtpdh
1/ rpwpa ePu;epiyfisa[k; fly;fisa[k; flf;fj; jkpHu;fs; gad;gLj;jpa Cu;jpfspd;
bgau;fis vGJf/
jkpHu;fs; njhzp. Xlk;. glF. g[iz. kpjit. bjg;gk; nghd;wtw;iwr; rpwpa
ePu;epiyfisf; flf;fg; gad;gLj;jpdu;/ fyk; . t';fk; .ehtha; Kjypait mstpy;
bgupait/ ,tw;iwf; bfhz;L jkpHu;fs; fly; gazk; nkw;bfhz;ldu;/
2/ gz;ilaj; jkpHupd; fg;gy; brYj;Jk; Kiw gw;wp vGJf/
fhw;wpd; jpiria mwpe;J fg;gy;fisr; brYj;Jk; Kiwiaj; jkpHu;fs; ed;F
mwpe;jpUe;jdh;/ ,t;t[z;ikia . @espapU Ke;ePu; ehtha; Xl;o
tsp bjhHpy; Mz;l cunthd; kUf@
vd;Dk; g[wg;ghly; mofspy; btz;zpf;Faj;jpahu; Fwpg;gpLfpwhu;/ flypy; fhw;W tPRk; jpir.
fly; ePnuhl;l';fspd; jpir Mfpatw;iwj; jkpHu;fs; jk; gl;lwpthy; ed;F mwpe;J
mtw;Wf;nfw;g cupa fhyj;jpy; rhpahd jpirapy; fg;giyr; brYj;jpdu;/ jpirfhl;Lk;
 fUtpiag; gad;gLj;jpa[k; thdpy; njhd;Wk; tpz;kPd;fspd; epiyia itj;Jk; jpiria
mwpe;J fg;giyr;; brYj;jpdh;/ fg;gy; Xl;Lk; khYkpfs; rpwe;j thdpay; mwpitAk;
bgw;wpUe;jdh;/
nfhs;fspd; epiyia itj;Jg; g[ay;. kiH nghd;wit njhd;Wk; fhyq;fisa[k; fly;ePu;
bgh';Fk; fhyj;ija[k; mwpe;J jFe;j fhyj;jpy; fg;gy;fisr; brYj;jpdu;/
3/ fg;gy; ghJfhg;ghdjhf mikaj; jkpHu;fs; ifahz;l tHpKiwfs; ahit?
fg;gy; fl;Ltjw;F cupa ku';fisj; nju;e;bjLg;gjpy; jkpHu;fs; kpFe;j ftdk;
brYj;jpdh;/ fg;gy;fs; jz;zPupnyna ,Ug;git vd;gjhy; jz;zPuhy; ghjpg;g[ milahj
ku';fisna fg;gy; fl;lg; gad;gLj;jpdh;/ fg;gy;fSf;F njf;F. btz;njf;F nghd;w
ku';fisg; gad;gLj;jpdu;/ RHp cs;s ku';fisg; gad;gLj;jhky; jtph;j;jdu;/
ePsk; . mfyk;. cauk; Mfpatw;iwr; rhpahd Kiwapy; fzf;fpl;Lf; fg;gy;fis
cUthf;fpdh;/ ,tw;iw jr;RKHk; vd;Dk; ePl;lysitahy; fzf;fpl;ldu;/ ku';fisa[k;
gyiffisa[k; xd;nwhL xd;W ,izf;Fk; nghJ mtw;wpw;F ,ilna nj';fha; ehu; g";R
Mfpatw;wpy; xd;iw itj;J ,Wf;fp Mzpfis miwe;jdh; Rz;zhk;iga[k; rziya[k;
fye;J miuj;J mjpy; vz;bza; fye;J fg;gypd; mog;gFjpapy; g{rpdu;/ ,jdhy;
fg;gy;fs; gGjilahky; beL';fhyk; ciHj;jd/fg;gypy; ,Uk;G Mzpfs;
JUg;gpoj;Jtplhky; ,Uf;f kuj;jhyhd Mzpfisg; gad;gLj;jpdu;/ ,itna fg;gy;
ghJfhg;ghdjhf jkpHu; mikaj; jkpHu;fs; ifahz;l tHpKiwfshFk;;/
MH;flypd; moapy;
1/ MH;flypd; moapy; fijiar; RUf;fp vGJf/
Kd;Diu~
gpaup vd;Dk; tpy';fpay; nguhrphpau; eP u;|H;fpf; fg;gy; xd;wpy; rpiwg;gpof;fg;gl;L.
mjpnyna gazk; bra;J mjpypUe;J kPz;L te;j fijiag; gw;wp ,f;fl;Liuapy;
fhz;nghk;/
tpe;ijahd tpy';F~
1886 Mk; Mz;L khYkpfspilna Xu; mjph;r;rpahd jfty; gutpaJ/ flypy;
bry;Yk; bghpa fg;gy;fis cnyhfj;jhy; Md cliyf; bfhz;l xU tpe;ijahd tpy';F
jhf;FfpwJ vd;gJjhd; me;jr; bra;jp/ mjid mHpg;gjw;fhf gpaup. \guhfl;. bel;,
fhd;rPy; Mfpnahu; xU nghu;f;fg;gypy; brd;wdu;/ me;j tpy';F v';fsJ fg;giy
nkhjpaJ/ eh';fs; Jhf;fp vwpag;gl;nlhk;/ Mdhy; mJ tpy';fy;y; ePu;|H;fpf;fg;gy; jhd;
mJ/ mJ v';fisr; rpiwg;gpoj;Jr; brd;wJ/
ePu;|H;fpf; fg;gy;
#ehl;oy*;# vdg;gLk; ePu;|H:fpf; fg;gypy; benkh vd;gtu; ,Ue;jhu;/ ePu;|H;fpf;
fg;gypd; cs;ns xU jdp cyfj;ijna benkh cUthf;fp ,Ue;jhu;/ me;jf;fg;giy tpl;L
vg;goahtJ jg;g epidj;njhk;/ Mdhy; Koatpy;iy/ xUehs; fg;gy; fly; g[w;W vdg;gLk;
kzy; jpl;oy; khl;of; bfhz;lJ/ mg;nghJ rpW glfpd; |yk; mUfpy; cs;s jPtpw;F gpaup.
bel; . fhd;rPYk; brd;wdu;/ m';Fs;s kdpju;fsplk; khl;o gpwF jg;gpdu;/
fg;gy; gazk;~
gy ehl;fs; gazj;jpd; gpwF ,e;jpaht[f;Fk; ,y';iff;Fk; ,ilna ehl;oy*;
gazpj;jJ/ m';F RwhtplkpUe;J xU ,e;jpaiuf; fhg;ghw;wpdu;/ nghupy; |H;fof;fg;gl;l
fg;gy;fspypUe;J j';fk;. bts;sp. ituk; nghd;w bghUl;fs; fpilj;jd/ Xuplj;jpy;
vupkiyiaf;fz;ldu;/ kw;nwhu; ,lj;jpy; ml;yhz;o*; efu ,oghLfisf; fz;ldu;/ mupa
tpy';F. gwitfisf; fz;ldu;;/gazk; bjhlu;e;jJ/

Kot[iu~
ehl;oy*; xU ehs; bgUk; fly;RHYf;Fs; khl;oaJ/ flYf;Fs; Jhf;fp tPrg;gl;ldu;/
fz; tpHpj;j nghJ mtu;fs; ehu;nt ehl;oy; xU kPdtupd; Foirapy; ,Ue;jdu;/ ehl;oy*;
gw;wp xU jftYk; fpilf;ftpy;iy/
,yf;fzk;
I FWtpdh
1/ kz;. bghd; vd;gd vt;tifr; brhw;fs;?
kz;. bghd; vd;gJ bgau; ,aw;brhy;.
2/ ,aw;brhy;ypd; ehd;F tiffs; ahit?
bgau; ,aw;brhy;. tpid ,aw;brhy;. ,il ,aw;brhy;. cup ,aw;brhy;.
3/ F';Fkk;. fkyk; vd;gd vt;tif tlbrhw;fs;?
F';Fkk;. fkyk; vd;gJ jw;rkk; tif tlbrhw;fs; MFk;.
II rpWtpdh
1. ,yf;fpa tifr;brhw;fs; vj;jid tifg;gLk;? mit ahit?
,yf;fpa tifr; brhw;fs;:
,aw;brhy;. jpupbrhy;. jpirr;brhy;. tl brhy; vd ehd;F tifg;gLk;.
2. jpupbrhy;ypd; tiffs; Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff.
jpupbrhy; tiffs;:
bgau;j;jpupbrhy;.tpidj;jpupbrhy;.,ilj;jpupbrhy;.cupj;jpupbrhy;
vd ehd;F tifg;gLk;.
v-fh
mGtk;.t';fk; - bgau;j;jpupbrhy;
,ak;gpdhd;.gapd;whs; - tpidj;jpupbrhy;
md;d.khd - ,ilj;jpupbrhy;
Tu;.fHp -cupj;jpupbrhy;.
3. gz;oif .nfzp vd;gd vt;tifr; brhw;fs;? tpsf;Ff.
nfzp . gz;oif Kjypa brhw;fs; jkpHpy; tHf;fpy; ,Ue;jhYk; ,it
jkpH;r;brhw;fs; my;y/ gpw bkhHpfspy; ,Ue;J te;J jkpHpy; tH';fg;gLgitahFk;/
,t;thW tlbkhHp jtpu.gpwbkhHpfspy; ,Ue;J te;J jkpHpy; ,lk; bgWk; brhw;fs;
jpirr;brhw;fs; vdg;gLk;/
,ay; - 2
,d;gj;jkpH;f; fy;tp
I FWtpdh
1/ ghujpjhrdpd; kdj;ijf; ftu Kad;w ,aw;ifg; bghUs;fs; ahit?
ghujpjhrdpd; kdj;ijf; ftu Kad;w ,aw;ifg; bghUs;fs; fhLk; tay;fSk;
fUepw nkf';fSk; MFk;/
2/ jkpH; bkhHpf;fy;tp gapy;tjhy; cz;lhFk; ed;ikfs; vitbadg; ghujpjhrd;
Fwpg;gpLfpwhu;?
Jd;gj;jpy; fplf;Fk; vd jkpH;ehl;L kf;fs; mwpahikahy; Jh';fpf; fplf;fpd;wdu;/
mj;Jd;gk; eP';f midtUk; ,d;gj;jkpH; fw;f ntz;Lk; vd;W ghujpjhrd; Fwpg;gpLfpwhu;/
II rpWtpdh~
1/ ‘,d;gj;jkpH;f; fy;tp’ – ghlypd; ikaf;fUj;ij c';fs; brhe;j eilapy; vGJf/
ePnuhila[k; jhkiu kyu;fSk;, fhLk; tay;fSk; fUepw nkf';fSk; kapy; nghd;w
bgz;fSk; jd;idf; ftpijapy; vGJkhW ftp"iuf; nfl;Lf;bfhz;ld/
bjd;wy;. kapy; . md;dk; . fjputd; . nty; Ve;jpa tPuu;fs; . kiy Mfpad
mtw;iw ftpijahf vGJkhW ftp"iuf; Twpd/
mwpahik vd;Dk; Jd;gj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; jkpH;ehl;L kf;fs; midtUk; ,d;gj;
jkpiHf;fw;why; Jd;g';fs; eP';fp . be";rpy; Jha;ik cz;lhfp tPuk; Vw;gLk; vd
ghujpjhrd; TWfpwhu;/

mHpahr; bry;tk;
I FWtpdh
1/ fy;tpr; bry;tj;jpd; ,ay;g[fshf ehyoahu; TWk; bra;jpfis vGJf/
fy;tpia gpwuhy; vLj;Jf bfhs;s KoahJ ` bfhLj;jhYk; FiwahJ muruhYk;
ftu KoahJ vd;gd ehyoahu; TWk; fy;tpr; bry;tj;jpd; ,ay;g[fshFk;/
II rpWtpdh
1/ fy;tpr; bry;tk; Fwpj;J ehyoahu; TWk; fUj;Jfisj; bjhFj;J vGJf/
fy;tpiag; bghUs;nghy itj;jpUg;gpDk; mJ gpwuhy; bfhs;sg;glhJ/
xUtUf;F tha;f;Fk;go bfhLj;jhYk; Fiwt[glhJ/ kpf;f rpwg;gpid cila muruhYk;
ftu KoahJ/ Mjyhy; xUtu; jk; FHe;ijfSf;Fr; nrh;j;J itf;f ntz;oa bry;tk;
fy;tpna MFk;/ kw;wit bry;tk; MfhJ/
thH;tpf;Fk; fy;tp
I FWtpdh
1/ kdpjg; gpwtpf;Fk; gpw capupd';fSf;Fk; ,ilna cs;s ntWghL ahJ?
xU thiHf;fd;W itj;jhy; m\J vjph;fhyj;jpy; thiHkukhfp thiHg;gHk; .
thiHj;jz;L Mfpatw;iwj; jUk; vd;W itf;Fk; nghnj brhy;yyhk;/ xU gRkhL fd;W
 <d;why; m\J vjpu;fhyj;jpy; ghy; jUk;; vd;W Twyhk;/ Mdhy; kdpjd; vd;d Mthd;
vd;W brhy;y KoahJ/
2/ fy;tp mwpt[ ,y;yhjtu;fs; gw;wp ts;Stu; TWtJ ahJ?
fy;tpawpt[ ,y;yhjtu;fis ts;Stu; tpy';F vd;fpwhu;/
3/ éy;fis vt;thW gof;f ntz;Lk;?
éy;fis MH;e;J Muha;e;J gof;f ntz;Lk;/ mjdhy; jhd; jpUts;Sth; #fw;f
-frlw -fw;git vd;W Twpdhu; Mifahy; vijg; gof;f ntz;Lnkh mijj;jhd; gof;f
ntz;Lk;/
II rpWtpdh
1/ fy;tpna mHpahj bry;tk; vd;gij tpsf;Ff/
ehk; ngRk; nghJ, @mnjh nghfpwhnu, mtu; gj;J Mz;LfSf;F Kd;nd ,uz;L
,uz;L ,yl;r &gha; itj;jpUe;jhu ;/,g;NghJ vy;yhk; brythfpg;ngha; ,uz;L Qgha;
fld; Nfl;fpwhu vd;W nrhy;Nthk;/ ,\J mHpfpw bry;tk;/ fy;tp mg;gog;gl;ljd;W
@mnjh nghfpwhnu mtu; gj;J Mz;LfSf;F Kd;nd gl;lk; bgw;wpUe;jhu;/ ,g;nghJ
vy;yhk; brythfpg; ngha; btWk; gj;jhk; tFg;g[ Mfp tpl;lhu;@ vd;W brhy;y khl;nlhk;/
Vbdd;why; fy;tp mHpahjJ/ mjdhy;jhd;,
@nfoy; tpGr;bry;tk; fy;tp xUtw;;F
khly;y kw;iw ait@
vd;W ts;Stu; TWfpwhu;/
2/ fy;tpiaa[k; tpsf;ifa[k; jpUf;Fwshu; vt;thW xg;gpLfpwhu;?
fy;tp Xu; xsptpsf;F/ mjhtJ ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;ij xspkakhf Mf;FtJ/
mjDila Fwpg;g[ vd;dbtd;why; xUtd; fw;Wtpl;lhy;.mg;gof; fw;w fy;tpiag; gyUf;Fk;;
mspf;f ntz;Lk;/ mg;gog; gyUf;Fk; xsp jUtJjhd; fy;tp/ fy;tp ,y;yhj ehL
tpsf;fpy;yhj tPL/ tpsf;fpy;yhj tPl;oy; ahu; FoapUg;ghu;fs;? tPL ,Ul;lhf ,Uf;Fk;
mJnghy; fy;tp ,y;yhj FLk;gj;ij ahUk; kjpf;fkhl;lhu;fs;/
Jizg;ghlk;
I kjpthzd; gs;spf;Fr; bry;y KobtLj;j epfH;;itr; RUf;fp vGJf/
Kd;Diu~
gs;sp tpLKiwapd; nghJ ftpd; . kjpthzd; ,UtUk; jpUg;g{upy; cs;s
gpd;dyhil epWtdj;jpy; gzpg[upe;jdu;/ mg;nghJ m';F . ey;y rk;gsk;. Ritahd
czt[ nghd;wit fpilj;jd/ gs;sp jpwe;jt[ld; mtu;fspUtUk; gs;sp bry;y vd;d
KobtLj;jdu;? vd;gJ gw;wp ,f;fl;Liuapy; fhz;nghk;/
gog;g[~
fy;tpawpt[ Kjd;ikahdJ. mk;ngj;fu;. mg;Jy;fyhk; nghy cau fy;tpawpt[
mtrpak;/ vdnt gog;g[ Kf;fpak; vd vz;zpf; bfhz;L ngUe;jpw;fhfg; ngUe;J
epiyaj;jpy; epd;W bfhz;oUe;jhd;/ mg;nghJ . jd; mUfpy; epd;wpUe;j Kjpatu; xUtu;
mUfpypUe;j rpWtdplk; @ ,J ey;¥h; nghFkh? vdf; nfl;lhu;/ rpWtDf;Fr; brhy;yj;
bjhpatpy;iy/
Kot[iu~
kjpthzd; bgupatuplk; @,J ey;¥u; nghfhJ . ey;¥u;g; ngUe;J te;jhy;
brhy;fpnwd;@vd;W Twpdhd;/ mnjhL epy;yhky; thH;tpy; gog;g[ vt;tst[ Kf;fpak;
vd;gija[k; ed;ikiaj; njoj;jUk; vd;gija[k; czu;e;jhd;/ gs;sp jpwe;jt[ld; gs;spf;Fr;
bry;yt[k; KobtLj;jhd;/
,yf;fzk;
I FWtpdh
1/ XbuGj;J xU bkhHp vd;why; vd;d?
<. ©. if. Mfpa vGj;Jfs; xt;bthd;wpw;Fk; bghUs; cz;L ,t;thW Xu; vGj;J
bghUs; jUk; brhy;yhf miktij XbuGj;J xU bkhHp vd;gu;.
jkpH; bkhHpapy; ehw;gj;jpuz;L XbuGj;J xUbkhHpfs; cs;sd.
2/ gjj;jpd; ,U tiffs; ahit?
gFgjk;.gfhg;gjk; vd ,U tifg;gLk;.
3/ gFgjj;jpd; cWg;Gfs; vj;jid tifg;gLk;?mit ahit?
gFgj cWg;Gfs; MW tifg;gLk;/mit.
gFjp.tpFjp. ,ilepiy. re;jp. rhupia.tpfhuk; MfpadthFk;/
II rpWtpdh
1/ tpFjp vtw;iwf; fhl;Lk;?
gFgjj;jpd; ,Wjpapy; mike;J jpiz.ghy; Mfpatw;iwnah Kw;W.vr;rk;
Mfpatw;iwnah fhl;LtJ tpFjp MFk;.
 2/ tpfhuk; vd;gJ ahJ? vLj;Jf;fhl;Lld; tpsf;Ff.
gFjp.tpFjp.re;jp.,ilepiy Kjypatw;wpy; Vw;gLk; khw;wk; tpfhuk; vdg;gLk;.
v-fh te;jdd;- th (t)+j;(e;)+j; +md;+md;
th – gFjp. ,J t vdf; FWfp ,Ug;gJ tpfhuk;.
j; - re;jp ,J (e;) vdj; jpupe;J ,Ug;gJ tpfhuk;.
j; - ,we;j fhy ,ilepiy.
md; - rhupia
md; - Mz;ghy; tpidKw;W tpFjp.
3/ bgau;g;gFgjk; vj;jid tifg;gLk;?mit ahit?
gFgjkhf mikAk; bgau;r;brhy; bgau;g;gFgjkhFk;. ,jid bghUs;. ,lk;. fhyk;.
rpid .gz;G. bjhHpy; vd MW tifg;gLk;.
v-fh
1. bghUs; - bghd;dd; (bghd;;+md;) 2. ,lk; - ehld; (ehL+md;)
3. fhyk; - rpj;jpiuahd; (rpj;jpiu+ Md;) 4. rpid – fz;zd; (fz;+md;)
5. gz;G - ,dpad; (,dpik+md;) 6. bjhHpy;; - cHtd;; (cHT+md;)
,ay; - 3
xU ntz;Lnfhs;
I FWtpdh~
1/ jha;ikapd; Xtpaj;jpy; epiwe;jpUf;f ntz;oait ahit?
jhapd; kfpH;r;rpahd cUtj;ij Xtpakhf tiue;jhy;. mtupd; Kfj;jpy; md;g[k;
ghrKk; epiwe;jpUf;f ntz;Lk;/
2/ xU fiy vg;nghJ capu;g;g[ilajhf mika[k;?
xU fiy capu;g;g[ilajhf ,Uf;f ntz;Lbkdpy; mjpy; khDlg; gz;g[ fl;lhakhf
,Uf;f ntz;Lk;/
II rpWtpdh~
1/ rpw;g';fSk; Xtpa';fSk; vt;thW mika ntz;Lk; vd;W ftp"u; TWfpwhu;?
ghiw cilg;gtupd; rpiyiar; brJf;fpdhy; mjpy; tpau;it ehw;wk; tPrntz;Lk;/
cHtupd; cUt thu;g;ghf ,Ue;jhy; . mjpy; <ukz;zpd; kzk; tPrntz;Lk;/
jhapd; kfpH;r;rpahd cUtj;ij Xtpakhf tiue;jhy;. mtupd; Kfj;jpy; md;g[k; ghrKk;
epiwe;jpUf;f ntz;Lk;/ rpW FHe;ijapd; rpj;jpuj;ijj; jPl;odhy; mjd; clypy; ghy; kzk;
fkHntz;Lk;/ My;g;*; kiyr; rpfu';fs; . ml;yhz;of; bgU';fly;fs; miyfs; .
mnkrhd; fhLfs; . gdpglu; gs;sj;jhf;Ffs;. njh';Fk; njhl;l';fs; vd ,aw;ifapd;
tpe;ijj; njhw;w';fs;; ntz;Lk;/ khDlk; ,y;yhj ve;j mHFk; mHfd;W/ kdpjd; fyf;fhj
vjpYk; capu;g;gpy;iy/
fPiug;ghj;jpa[k; Fjpiua[k;
I rpWtpdh~
1/ fPiug;ghj;jpa[k; Fjpiua[k; vf;fhuz';fshy; xj;jpUf;fpd;wd?
kz; fl;ofis moj;Jj; Jhshf;Ftu; kz;iz btl;oj; jLj;Jg; ghj;jpfshf;fp
itj;jpUg;gu;/ tha;f;fhypy; khwp khwp ePu; gha;r;Rtu;/ ePu; filkilapd; ,Wjp tiu brd;W
khw;wp tplj; jpUk;g[k;/
tz;ofspy; fl;o. moj;J Xl;lg;gLk;/ fhy; khwpkhwpg; gha;e;J bry;Yk;. vjpupfis
kwpj;Jj; jhf;Fk; nghf ntz;oa ,lk; KGtJk; brd;W kPz;Lk; jpUk;gp tUk;/
,f;fhuz';fshy; fPiug; ghj;jpa[k;. Vwpg;gazk; bra;a[k; Fjpiua[k; xd;whff; fUjg;gLk;/
ngRk; Xtpa';fs;
I FWtpdh~
1/ Xtpa';fspd; tiffs; ahit?
Fif Xtpak; . Jzp Xtpak; . Xiyr;Rto Xtpak;. brg;ngl;L Xtpak;. fz;zho
Xtpak; . je;j Xtpak; . jhs; Xtpak;. fUj;Jg;gl Xtpak; . etPd Xtpak;. Rtu; Xtpak;
Mfpad Xtpa';fspd; tiffs; MFk;/
2/ Fif Xtpa';fspy; ,Ue;J ehk; mwpa[k; bra;jpfs; ahit?
Fif Xtpa';fs; bgUk;ghYk; nfhl;nlhtpa';fshf ,Ue;jd/ bra;jpfis
kw;wtu;fSf;Fj; bjhptpg;gjw;fhf tiuag;gl;ld/ ntl;ilf;Fr; bry;Yjy;. eldk; MLjy; .
nghu; bra;jy; nghd;w fhl;rpfis tiue;jdu;/ ,tw;iw cw;W nehf;fpdhy; gHe;jkpHupd;
thH;f;if Kiwfis mwpe;J bfhs;syhk;/
3/ jhs; Xtpa';fis vtw;iwf; nfhz;L tiutu; ?
jhs; Xtpa';fis fupf;nfhy;. ePu; tz;zk;. vz;bza; tz;zk; Mfpatw;iwf;
bfhz;L tiutu;/
4/ Rtu; Xtpa';fs; fhzg;gLk; ,lq;fisf; $Wf.
Rtu; Xtpa';fs; rpj;jd;dthry; kw;Wk; j";irg; bgupanfhtpypy; fhzg;gLfpwJ/
5/ brg;ngl;L Xtpa';fspy; fhzg;gLk; fhl;rpfs; ahit?
brg;ngl;L Xtpa';fs; bghJthf ePu;epiyfs; bro bfhofs;. gwitfs; .
tpy';Ffs; . FwpaPLfs; nghd;witahf tiuag;gl;ld/ Kw;fhyj;jpy; kd;du;fspd;
Mizfisa[k; muR Mtz';fisa[k; brg;ngLfspy; bghwpg;gJ tHf;fk;/
II rpWtpdh
1/ nfypr;rpj;jpuk; vd;why; vd;d?
kdpj cUt';fis tpe;ijahd njhw;w';fspy; eifr;Rit njhd;Wk;go tiutijna
nfypr;rpj;jpuk; vd;gu;/ murpay; fUj;Jfis vspikahf tpsf;Ftjw;F ,it
gad;gLfpd;wd/ ,jid ,e;jpah ,jHpy; ghujpahu;jhd; Kjd;Kjypy; mwpKfg;gLj;jpdhu;/
,jw;Ff; fUj;Jg;glk; vd;w bgaUk; cz;L/
2/ Xiyr;Rto Xtpa';fs; Fwpj;J eP';fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ltw;iw vGJf/
Xiyr;Rtofs; kPJ vGj;jhzpfisf; bfhz;L nfhl;nlhtpakhft[k; tz;zg; g{r;R
Xtpakhft[k; Xiyr;Rto Xtpa';fis tiuthu;fs; ,it bgUk;ghYk; ,jpfhrk; kw;Wk;
g[uhzf; fhl;rpfshfnt ,Uf;fpd;wd/ jw;fhyj;jpy; ,t;nthtpa';fisf; fhz;gJ mhpJ/
j";rht{h; ruRtjp kfhy; Ehyfj;jpy; Xiyr;Rtofs; Xtpa';fisf; fhzyhk;/
jpUf;Fws;
I FWtpdh
1/ #ed;ik bra;tjpYk; jPik cz;lhFk;# vg;nghJ?
ehk; xUtUila gz;ig mwpe;J mtUf;F ed;ik bra;a ntz;Lk;/ ,y;yhtpl;lhy;
ed;ik bra;jhYk; jPik te;J nrUk;/
2/ jPik cz;lhf;Fk; ,uz;L bray;fis vGJf/
bra;aj;jfhj bray;fisr; bra;tjhYk; bra;aj;jf;f bray;fisr; bra;ahky;
tpLtjhYk; jPik cz;lhFk;/
3/ Jd;gj;jpw;Fj; Jd;gk; cz;lhf;Fgtu; ahu;?
Jd;gk; te;jnghJ tUe;jpf; fy';fhjtu;. me;jj; Jd;gj;jpw;nf Jd;gk; cz;lhf;fp
mjid btd;W tpLtu;/
jkpH; xsph; ,l';fs;
1/ eP';fs; Rw;Wyh tHpfhl;oahf ,Ue;jhy;. Rw;Wyhf; ifnaL vd;Dk; gFjpapy; cs;s
,l';fisg; ghu;itapl tUgtu;fSf;F vt;thW tpsf;fpf; TWtPu;fs;?
j";ir ruRtjp kfhy; Ehyfk;~
,e;jpahtpy; cs;s bjhd;ikahd éyf';fSs; j";ir ruRtjp kfhy; EhyfKk;
xd;W/ ,';F jkpH;. bjY';F cs;spl;l gy;ntW bkhHpfspd; Xiyr; RtofSk;
ifbaGj;Jg; gofSk; cs;sd/ jiyrpwe;j Xtpa';fSk; bjhd;ikahd ,irf;
fUtpfSk; rpw;g';fSk; ,;';F ,lk;bgw;Ws;sd/
j";irj; jkpH;g; gy;fiyf; fHfk;~
,J j";rht{upy; Mapuk; Vf;fu; epyg;gug;gpy; mikf;fg;gl;L cs;sJ/ thdj;jpy;
,Ue;J ghu;f;Fk; bghGJ #jkpH;ehL# vdj; bjupa[k; tifapy; ,jd; fl;ll mikg;g[
cs;sijg; ghU';fs;
ts;Stu; nfhl;lk;~
ts;Stu; nfhl;lk; jpUthQu;j; nju; nghd;w totpy; mikf;fg;gl;L mjid ,uz;L
ahidfs; ,Gj;Jr; bry;tJ nghd;W fU';fw;fshy; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sijg; ghU';fs;
jpUts;Stu; rpiy~
fd;dpahFkupapy; jpUts;Stupd; rpiy jkpHf murhy; epWtg;gl;Ls;sJ/
tpntfhde;ju; ghiwf;F mUfpy;, fly; eLnt ePu; kl;lj;jpypUe;J Kg;gJ mo caug; ghiw
kPJ ,r;rpiy mikf;fg;gLs;sJ/ ghiwapypUe;J rpiyapd; cauk; bkhj;jk; 133 mo/
,J jpUf;Fwspd; bkhj;j mjpfhu';fisf; Fwpf;fpwJ/ mwj;Jg;ghypd; mjpfhu';fis
czu;j;JtJnghy; gPlk; Kg;gj;bjl;L mo cauk; bfhz;ljhf mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
bghUl;ghy;. ,d;gj;Jg;ghy; Mfpatw;wpd; bkhj;j mjpfhu';fisf; Fwpf;Fk; tifapy; rpiy
bjhz;Zhw;iwe;J mo cauk; cilajhf mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ/ thU';fs; glfpy; brd;W
ghu;g;nghk;/
rpw;gf;fiyf;Tlk; - g{k;g[fhu;~
,uz;lhapuk; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; nrhHu;fspd; jiyefukhft[k; JiwKf efukhft[k;
tps';fpaJ/ g{k;g[fhu; ,e;efiug; gw;wpa bra;jpfs; rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpYk; gl;odg;ghiyapYk;
,lk;bgw;Ws;sd/ flw;nfhspdhy; g{k;g[fhu; efuk; mHpe;Jtpl;lJ. ,e;efuj;jpd; bgUikia
cyfwpar; bra;a fp/gp 1973 Mk; Mz;L g{k;g[fhu;; flw;fiuapy; rpw;gf; fiyf;Tlk; xd;W
Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,f;Tlk; VGepiy khl';fisf; bfhz;lJ/ fz;zfpapd; tuyhw;iw
 tpsf;Fk; ehw;gj;bjhd;gJ rpw;gj; bjhFjpfs; ,jpy; ,lk;bgw;Ws;sd/ khjtpf;Fk; xU
beoa rpiy ,';F epWtg;gl;Ls;sJ/ thU';fs; cs;ns brd;W ghu;f;fyhk;/
,yf;fzk;
I rpWtpdh
1. tsu;jy;. ngRjy; -,it vt;tifg; bgau;fs;? tpsf;fk; jUf.
tsu;jy;. ngRjy;; ,tw;wpy; tsu;. ngR Mfpa tpidg; gFjpfs; jy; vd;Dk;
tpFjpfnshL nru;e;J bjhHpw;bgau;fshf mikfpd;wd.
,t;thW tpidg; gFjpa[ld; bjhHpw;bgau; tpFjp nru;e;J tUtJ tpFjp bgw;w
bjhHpw;bgauhFk;/
2. Kjdpiy jpupe;j bjhHpw;bgau; vd;why; vd;d? rhd;W jUf.
jkpH; gof;Fk; ngW bgw;nwd;/
cztpd; NL Fiwatpy;iy/
,j;bjhlu;fspy; bgW.RL vd;Dk; gFjpfspd; KjbyGj;J ePz;L ngW. NL vdj;
jpupe;J bjhHpw;bgau;fshf khwp cs;sd.
,t;thW Kjdpiy jpuptjhy; cUthFk; bjhHpw;bgau; Kjdpiy jpupe;j bjhHpw;bgau;
vdg;gLk;.
v-fh tpL-tPL. kpd;-kPd;. bfhs;-nfhs;. cld;gL-cld;ghL/