ADHD ( Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder) qd k ' gbmvJ ¿ /

pdwfu pOfhuvsm;\
uvsm;\Sd] cif; ? tg\
tg\Hk pdkufrSKr\
r \Sd] cif; ? owdr rl] cif;? ]idrf] idrfr aeóSdKif] cif ;? pd wft \rf ; wuf
âurS
âurSK\Sd] cif; ? pd wfv ufrefyg]yKvkyf] cif; ponfrsm;udk qdkv dkygonf/

uav;oli ,frsm;?(rdef; uav;?a,mufsm;)óSifh q,fausmfouf t\G ,fv li,f(rdef ;uav;?a,mufsm;)

rsm;wGif] zpf w wfoNfha\ a \m}g]zpf ygonf/ 'Da \ m}gonfuav;oli,f r sm;óSifhvl\G ,frsm;
tg\
tg\Hkpdpdkuf óSdkif] cif; r\
r\Sd] cif ;? 'grSr[k wf\if wck ck udktcsd efj um]rifhpGmtg\
tg\HkrpdkufóSdK if] cif;? odkhr[kwf
tifr wef rS(odkhr[k wf) vGefuJpGmpdwf rwnf] id rf] cif;? tvGefaqmh]cif; ]zpfóSdkify gonf/

wcsdKhuav;rsm;onf t g\ g\HkpdkufrSKr\
r \Sd] cif; om]zpf rnf? odkhaomfv GefuJpGm raqmhyg/'gajumifh'D v dkrsdK;
udkADD (Attention deficit disorder) vdkhac:onf/ (tg\ (tg\Hkpdkuf rSKr\
r\Sd] cif;)/ wcsdKhvlawGu? uav;u
qdk;w,f? raumif ;wJh tusifh\Sd w,fv dkhowfrS wfa]ymqdkygrnf/ 'gayrJhr[kwf yg/

t"duod \Sd\rNfhtcsuf tvufrsm;/

• 'Da\m}gonfv lv m;a]rmufv monfóSifhtrû]zpf óSdKifygonf/

• 'Da\m}g\
m}g \SdoNfhuav;onf wck ckudkpl; pdkufrSK r\ r\Sdyg?pl;pdk ufrSKenf ;yg;ygonf/udk,fh pdwfudkr
xdrf;óSdKifyg/vGefuJpGm]yKvkyfw wfygonf/
• 'Da\m}g\
m}g \SdoNfhuav;onfrdom;pk\Jhem;vnf rSKeJhaxmufyHhrSKvdkt yfy gonf/ ausmif ;q\ q \m?
ausmif; q\
q\mrrsm;eJhvl rsdK;pktodkif ;t0dkif; rSul nDyHhydk;rSkv dktyfy gonf/
• uav;wdkif ;rSm'Da \m}gr\
m}gr\Sdj uygbl;/'gayrJh'D v uQE gawGudk]yjuygonf ] yjuygonf/
• wjudrfx nf;eJh'D uav;[g'Da\m}g\ m}g\Sd w,fv dkha]ymvdkhr\ r\ygbl;/ q\ q\m0ef?aq;twwfynm
\SifawG uvJwjudrfx nf;eJh'Duav;[g'Da\m}g\ m}g\Sdw ,fv dkhtwwf ra]ymóSdKify gbl;/
• aq;wdkufauï;]cif; ?rd brsm;uaumif ;rGef wJhuav;aqmifha\ a\SmufrSK enf;ynmudka y;]cif ;?
ausmif; rSulnDrSKay;]cif;]zifh? 'Da\m}g\
m}g\Sd wJhuav;awGudkulnDay;óSdK ifygw,f/

'Da \m}g\
m}g\SdwJhuav;ud
av;udkulnDa y;]cif;rSm ? rdrda ]ymwJh?vkyfcdkif;wJht\mudk tg;vHk;w]ydKifxnf; ra]ymbJ?
]ym]y\ygrnf/em;rvnfvûifxyfcga]ym\
wck]cif;udka ]ym]y\ ga]ym \ygrnf/

bmajumifh'Dvdk]zpf\ovJ¿
bmajumifh'Dv dk] zpf\onfudktwd tusra]ymóSdK ifyg/ odkhaomfuav;\ av; \JhOD;aESmufonfay;oNf hwm
0efw ckudk odkhr[k wf ay;oNfhNÏ efj um;rSK udkp Of;pm;]yD ;]yefv nfoHk;oyfbdkhcufcJrSrSK \Sdygonf/ 'g
ajumifh'Dv dkuav;?oli ,frsm;onf w]cm;uav;oli,f rsm;xufydk] yD; em’vnfatmifa]ym\ ]ym\ ygonf/
'Dv dk] zpf] cif;onfrarG; cif
cifuxnf;uvnf ;]zpf óSdKifygonf ? odkhr[k wf i,f\G ,foNfh tcsd efrSm ]zpfóSfkif
ygonf/ odkhr[k wf wOD;wa,muf uwrlx l;]cm;aeoNfhtwGuf] zpf óSdkifygonf/ tpm;taomuf
qifc sifrSKajumifhvJr[k wfyg/rwJhoNfhtpg;tpgrsm;]zpfo Nfha]ryJ?juufOóSifh tcsdKhyJrsm;(tvm}sD)
Allergies (pg;rd y gu
g u óSK wfcrf ;a\
a\mifv mcsif ;?tzktyd rfhrsm;xvmcsif; ?touf\S Ljuyfv mcsif; )rsm;
ajumifhvJr[kwfyg/ g/ odkhaomf
aomf ]cHKjuNf
KjuNfhvdkuf\if ]zpfóSdkifa cs\
cs\Sd ygonf / bdk;zGm;?rdbrsm;rS q ufcH\\Sd
oNfha\ a\m}gvJ] zpf óSdKifygonf/
'Öm \D (Myth) t\junfh\if/ 'Da \m}gvuQ
m}gvuQ Emud
Emudk]ywJhuav;wdkif;u'Da \m}g\
m}g\Sda eygonf/

tcsuftvufrSefuefrSK (Fact) t\junfhvûif?'D uav;oli,f[g?g?i,f\G ,fpOf;wHk;utó utóSdyftqufcHcJh

\\if?vspfvûL\SkcHcJh\cJh\if? odkhr[kwf pdwfxdcd k ufp\mwckckcHpg?;juHKawGhcJh\\if? 'Da \m}gtvm;wl
vuQ Emud
vuQ yóSdKifygonf/
Emudk]yó

'Da\m}g\
m}g\JhvuQEmawGubmvJ¿
vuQE mwcsd
mwcsdKhu? pd wf v dkufrmefygvkyf wwfa omtusifh? pd wf0 ifpm;rSKtcsdef wdkawmif;csif; ?]idrf
]idrfrxdkifóSdKifc sif; ? tvSNfhusrapmifhóSdKifc sif; ? olrsm;pum;a]ymae\
sm;pum;a]ymae \ if;0if ?0if] yD ;a]ymcsif;? pdwf
ysufv G,fc sif; ? oli ,f csif; taygif; toif;r\ r \Sdcsif; ?r]rJ
?r] rJc sif; ponfr sm;]zpfóSdKif ygonf/ ta\
ta \;juD;
oNfhoauF wrSm? 'Dv uQE mrsm;onf tdrf rSm aomfv nf;aumif; ? ausmif; rSmaomfv nf;aumif;?
t]cm;ae\
t]cm;ae \mrsm;wGifaomfv nf;aumif; wlaer,fqdk\ if 'Duav;onf'Da\m}g\ m}g \Sdonfv dkha]ymóSdKifyg
onf/ 'Dv dkv uQE mrsm;onfcEw]zKwfr[k wfbJ? t]rJ] zpfaeonf eonf qdkygu uav;twGuf a\m?rd
btwG ufa\m]yùmem]zpfóSdKif ygonf/

'gajumifh'Da \m}g\
m}g\SdwJhuav;wdkif;\Jhrdb?aqGrsdK;awGu?'Duav;udkc spfcifrSK? ,k,rSk? ]yKpkysdK ;axmif
rSK? aocsmpGm }\
}\kpdkufrSK udka y;\
y;\ygrnf/xdkht]yif ]ywfom;wJhpnf;urf; Oya'rsm;vnf;\Sd\ygrnf/

rsm;uausmif;óSifhaomfvnf;aumif;? uav;ó
rdbrsm;uausmif uav;óSifhywfoufonfht]cm;tzGJhtpnf;rsm;ó rsm;óSifha omf
?yk;aygif;vkyfa qmif]yD;? uav;twGuf junfh\SkrS KóSifhem;vnfrSK vdktyfygonf /
vnf;aumif;?yk

rdcifrsm;udk,f0efa qmifa epOf? t\ ?aq;\SLrSKóSifhywfoufjuH

t\ufa omufrSK?aq;vdyfa omufrSK?aq;\ juHKawGh
cJhvûif odkhr[kwf vraphbJa rG;zGm ;csif;?uav;aygif
?uav;aygifcsdeft\rf;enf;csif; ajumifhvJ]zpfóSdKifygonf/

o]yóSdKifwmuawmhuav;rsm;?tcsdKt\
oufa o]yó t\rf;pg;csif;?"gxka A'ypPnf;rsm;ygonfhtpg;tpgrsm;
pg;csif;( Oyrm? tgvl;ausmf?acsmuvuf) pg;csif;ajumifht\rf;wufâurSK]zpfóSd Kifygonf/

'Da\m}gudkb,fvdkt\G,fuav;vli,frsm;\
sm;\óSdKifovJ¿
ausmif;aeuav;vli ,frsm;\ sm;\Jh 3rS5\mcdkifóSK ef;]zpf wwf ygonf/a,mufsm;av;rsm;ydk] zpfóSdKifyg
onf/ wcsdKhuav;ol i ,frsm;onf t\ t \G,fa \mufv monfóSifh'Da\m}g[gaysmuf oGm;óSdK ifygonf/
odkhaomfv lj uD;]zpfv moNfhtcsdef wGifv J] zpfóSdK ifonfudko wd] yK\
yK\ygrnf/

uav;ta,muf 100 rSm 5a,mufavmuf'D a\m}g\ m}g\Sd óSdKifygonf/wcsdKhrdef; uav;rsm;uem;r

axmifrSKvuQE m]yoygonf/ odkhaomfa,muf sm;av;awG m;av;awGv dkrjurf; wrf;yg/'gajumifhrd ef;uav;
awGrSm'Da \m}g\
m}g \Sdr\Sdudk wdwd ususa]ymvdkhr\
r\ygbl;/

'Da\m}g\
m}g \SdoNfhuav;oli,fr sm;onf
sm;onf ?atmufygt\ gt \mrsm;rS wckckajumifhaomfv nf;aumif; ?oHk;ckp
vHk;ajumifhaomfv nf;aumif;\Sd cJhvûif?'Da\m}g\
m}g \Sdonfv dkha]ymóSdKifygonf/
(Inattention) pl ; pd k u f r S K enf ; ]cif ; /

pl;pdkufrSk enf;csif; ? vG,fv G,fululpd wfudka]ymif;vJapcsif;?vk yfcdkif; oNfht\

t\m?vrf;NÏ efrSKay;onf
rsm;udkv G,fv G ,fulula rhcsif ;? wckckv kyfa eonfrSw]cm;wckudkv kyfcsif;?(bmwck rS] yD;a]rmuf
atmifrvkyfa qmif óSdKif]cif
] cif;)uav;udk wNfhwNfhjuNfh]yD;?aoaocsmcsma]ym\
?aoaocsmcsma]ym\ ifem;raxmif csif; ?
rrSm;oif
;oifhoNfhtrSm;udk] yKvkyfcsif;?vkyfa qmif\ rNfht\
t\mrsm;udk aoaocsmcsm?tpD tpOf rSefa tmif?
pepf wus]zpfatmifr vkyfaqmifóSdK ifcsif;?awG a0aecsif;?tvGef tuïefarhavûmhcsif; óS ifh ypP nf;rsm;
rjumcEaysmufcsif;?(xm;oNfhae\ ae\mudkrrS wf rdcsif ;)/
)/

(Impulsive) pd w f v d k u f r mef y g]yKvk yf

yf] cif ;/

pum;a]ymaepOf 0ifa]ymcsif; ?a]ym\?a]ym\rNfhtcsdef udkrapgifhcsif; ?pd wfudkr xdrf;óSdKifc sif; ?vG,fv G,fulul
pdwfcH pg;rSk udk]yocsif
] yocsif;?xdcdkuf'gEf\m\bdkhvG,fulcsif;?udk,fhtvSNfh usbdkhrapmifh óSdKifcsif;?rpOf;pg;
rpOfc sifbJ wckck udk] yKvkyfcsif; ?ajumuf\GHhrSK pdwfv Hk;0r\
;0r\Sdcsif;/
;0r

(Overactivity/Hyperactivity) pd w f v S K yf \ S m ;rS K rsm;csif ; `]id r f ] id r f r aeóS d K if ] cif ; /

]idrf] idrfrxdkifóSdKifc sif; ?}Egr]idrfcsif;?vufa qmhcsif;?xdkif cdkif;vûifrxdk ifbJx oGm;csif;?puf w yfx m;

oNfhtvm;]idrf] id rfraeóSdKifcsif;?pum;t
?pum;t\
pum;t\ rf;a]ymcsif;?t\
?t\rf ;aqmhcsif
aqmhcsif ; /

rdom;pktwGif;rSm\Sdonfh w]cm;uav;rsm;udkvJowd]yKyg/'Da\m}g\
m}g\Sdonfhu av;wOD;xnf;udkomtcsd efay;cJh\if
w]cm;uav;rsm;undK]iif vmygvdrfhrnf /

'Da\m}gudkb,fvdkukrvJ¿
'Da\m}gukbdkhaq;r\
aq;r \Sdyg/ odkhaomf pdwfudk] idrfa poNfhaq;udkay;vdkh\ygonf/ tif rwefrS\Sk yfaxG;
oNfhukorSK tpD tpOf] zpfygonf/ \D wmvif(Ritalin) vdkhac:oNfhaq;ay;]yD; pd wfudk] idrfa tmif
vkyfóSdKifygonf/ uav;\
uav;\Jhtusifhudkx drf;od rf;wJhenf ;? vlawmfx J 0ifq efhwJhenf; rsm;udk oifay;
]cif;? wwf uïrf ;wJhyg\
yg\ }lrsm;eJhpum;a]ym]cif; enf; udkuav;twGuf aomfv nf;aumif; ?
rdbtwGufaomfv nf;aumif;oHk; óSdKify gonf/ tpg;taomufq ifcsif pm;oHk; wJhenf; ? udk,f c óÝm
óSdyfe,f wJhenf; rsm;udk v nf;toHk;]yKóSdKifygonf/ toHk; wNfhygonf/

e,l; ZDv efódkif iHrSmawmh wwf uïrf ;wJhusrf; rma\

rma\;ynm\
ynm \Sifr sm;u 'D uav;rSm'Da \m}g\
m}g \Sdr\Sd udka]ym
vdkh\ygonf/ 'D wwfu ïrf;wJ ; wJhusrf ;rma\
rma \;ynm\
;ynm \SifawG ub,fola wGv Jqdkawmh? uav;oli ,f óSifh
ywfo ufoNfhuav;txl;ukyg\ g\ }l(Paediatrician) uav;óSifhvli,fr sm;.pdwfudkj uNfhoNfhpd wf
ynm\
ynm\Sif(Child and Adolescence Psychiatrist or Psychologist) ]zpfóSdKifygonf/ wd wdusus'Da\ m}g'D
uav;rSm\Sdonf udka]ymbd]ymbdkh'Daq;twwfynm\ nm \S ifrsm;u-
sm;u-

• rdbeJhuav;udka wGh\Sd\ ygrnf/rdom;pk ta\ a\ ;udk pHkprf; \ygrnf/ rdom;pk x JrSm'Dv dk] zpfbl;o
vm;¿ 'Da\m}gtajumif;udkodovm;¿ 'Da\m}gajumifhrdom;pkt wGi f;rSmb,fv dkx dcdkufrSk
\SdóSdKifovJ¿
• ausmif; q\q\m?q\
m?q \mr? rlj udKausmif ;rS q\m?q\
m?q \mrrsm;eJhaqGhqHkwdk ify ifygrnf/ 'grSom'Du
av;\
av;\Jhausmif ;rSm ynmoifj um;rSkrSrSm 'Da\m}gajumifhb,fv dkx dcdkufóSdkifovJovJqdkwmudk
odóSdkifygrnf/
 • ausmif; q\
q\m?q\
m?q \mrrsm;udkuav;óS ifhywfouf oNfhar;cG ef;rsm;udkar;ygrnf/ uav;rsm;
udkv Jt\G,fa \mufv mvûif(ud(udk,fhudk,f wdkifa]zóSdKify gu) ar;cG ef;rsm;udkar;ygrnf/
• w]cm;prf;oyfrSkr sm;vdk tyfv ûifv kyfygrnf/

wjudrfx nf;prf;oyfrSk] zifh'Da\m}g\

m}g\Sdr \Sdudkra]ymóSdKifyg/ usrf ;rma\
rma\ ;ynm\
;ynm\Sif?yg\
yg \}lr sm;utcsuft
vufawmfawmf rsm;rsm;udkpkpnf;\ ygrnf/ 'Dt pDtpOfonft csdefj um]yD;?tjudrfaygif;a]rmuf rsm;pGm
awGhqH
hqHk\ ygrnf/

'Da\m}g\
m}g \Sdr\Sdaocsmayguf
ocsmaygufodbdkh\m? uav;\
uav; \Jhi,f\G,f pOft csd ef?wcsd
w csdef csd
csdefrSrSm \SdóSdKify gonf/(Oyrm?
tdrfrSmaomfv nf;aumif;? ausmif; rSmaomfv nf;aumif; ? aehuav;xdrf;ausmif ;rSmaomfv nf;
aumif;?)aehpOfv kyfaeoNfht\t\mtm;vHk; rSm?b,fv dkx dcdkufovJ?b,f avmuftxdqdk;aeovJ ;aeovJqdk'g
uta\
uta\ ;juD;ygonf/aoaocsmcsmodbdkh\mu? 'Dv uQE mrsm;onf? uav;\ uav;\Jhem;rjum;rSkajumifh
aomfv nf;aumif; ? td yfbdkhtcuf tcJ\Sd] cif;ajumifhaomfv nf;aumif ;? ynmoifj um;rSk tcuftcJ
ajumifhaomfv nf;aumif; w]cm;tajumif;ajumif;ajumifh rouf qdkifap\ p\ yg?tuïrf; r0if ap\ p\yg/

'Da\m}g\
m}g \SdwJhuav;vli ,fwdkif ;[g?atmufy grsm;vnf;\SdóSdkify gonf/
• pgoifrSk rSmtcuft cJ\Sd] cif;/
• pdwfv SKyf\Sm ;rSk\Sd] cif;/
• pdwf"gwfu s]cif;/
• zsufpD ;wwf wJhtusifh\S d] cif;/

rdbrsm;pdwf ylygurdrd\Jh awGhaeusq\

aeusq \m0ef odkh r[kwf usrf; rma\
rma\ ;ynm\
;ynm\Sif?yg\
yg \}lr sm;eJhawGhoNfht
cgar;]ref
cgar;]ref;yg/

rdbrsm;onfrdrduav;udki,f\G ,fpOf rSm'Da q;rsm;udk wdkufauï;bdkhpd wfylv mygrnf/ 'gajumifhrdb

rsm;od \Sdbdkhvdkwmu'Da q;rsm;onf u uav;\
uav; \Jhyifudk,f taetxm;?pdwf? OD;aESmufudkrxdcdk ufyg?
pGJv rf;awmifhwoNfhaq;r[kwfy g/

e,l; ZDv efódkif iHrSmay;oNfhaq;rSm (Methylphenidate) ]zpfygonf/ emrnfrsdK ;pHk\Sd ygonf/

\Dwmvif(Ritalin) \LbDzif(Rubifen) ]zpfygonf/ Methylphenidate onfyHkpHtrsdK;pHk] zifhvmygonf/
rdrduav;twG uf'Daq; b,favmuf wdkuf\rvJ?b,ftcsdefrSm wdkuf\ rvJ? b,f[gtaumif;pHk;
v J qdkwmud
wmudkrd rd\Jhq\q\m0efu tcsd ef,l] yD; rSay;ygrnf
y;ygrnf/

'Daq;aomufoHk;]cif;ajumifhwGJz uf] zpfóSdkif wJh(side effects) u? tpm;taomufy sufc sif; ? Adk uft
enf;i,fr tDrom]zpfcsif;? acgift enf; ti,f ti,f udkufcsif ;/ paomufa omuf] cif; rSm]zpfóSdK ifygonf/
aq;enf ;enf;ay;]cif;]zifh 'DwGJ zuf] zpf óSdkifwJh(side effects) udkavûmhenf;apygonf/
'Dv dk]zpf
] zpfv mygurdrd \Jhq\
q\m0efóSifhoGm ;awG
;awGhyg/

'Daq;onfrdrduav;twGuftaxmuftul r]yKygu? aq;a]ymif;vdkh\ ygonf/rdrd \Jhq\

q\m0efeJh aqG;
aóG;wdk ifyify g/
tajumif;pHkydkrdkodvdkyguatmufygrsm;óSifhtquftoG,f]yKvkyfyg/
Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand
81 New North Road, Eden Terrace, Auckland. Phone 09 300 7030,
e-mail resource@mentalhealth.org.nz

ADHD.org.nz - New Zealand’s ADHD on line support group.

c/o ADDvocate NZ Inc.
PO Box 249 Tauranga.

ADHD Association
PO Box 51675 Pakuranga, Auckland.
Phone No: 09 623 5380, e-mail: adhd@xtra.co.nz This is a national ADHD support and information
resource group with five Auckland branches, as well as branches in Whangarei, Hamilton, Tauranga,
Rotorua, Napier-Hastings, Wanganui, Wellington, Nelson, Christchurch, Waimate and Invercargill.

ADHD ó S i f h ywf o uf ] yD ; yd k r d k o d v d k y guatmuf y g 0uf(bf)qdkufrsm;wG

rsm;wGifvnf;
\SmazGjuNfh\SkóSdKifygonf/
ADHD Association -https://www.adhd.org.nz/
Mental Health Foundation -https://www.mentalhealth.org.nz/
Kids Health - https://www.kidshealth.org.nz/
Health Navigator - https://www.healthnavigator.org.nz/