The Aditya Birla Public School, Adityanagar

PHYSICS HOMEWORK NO 8
Topic: Numerical problems on Lens formula and magnification, Power of lens Date : 3/7/2024
Q 1. What is Lens formula?
Ans : The relationship between object distance (u), image-distance (v) and the focal
length (f ) is given by lens formula . This can be written as
1/ f = 1 / v - 1/ u
Q2. Write the Lens formula.
Ans : Lens formula is
1 / image distance (v) - 1/ object distance = 1/ focal length ( f )

Q3.Define magnification formula for lens (note :magnification is also called linear magnification)
Ans : Magnification is defined as the ratio of the height of the image and the height
of the object. Magnification is represented by the letter m. If h is the
height of the object and h ‘ is the height of the image given by a
lens, then the magnification produced by the lens is given by,

Note : m = - ve the image is real and inverted

m= +ve sign image is virtual & erect
Q4. Magnification produced by a lens is also related to the object-distance
u, and the image-distance v. Write this relationship formula.
Ans:
m= size of image ( h’ ) /size of object ( h) = image distance ( v) / object distance ( u)

Q5.Define power of lens.

Ans The degree of convergence or divergence of light rays achieved by a lens is expressed in terms of its
power. The power of a lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length. It is represented by the letter
P. The power P of a lens of focal length f is given by P= 1/f
Q6. What is the SI unit of power of lens ?
Ans The SI unit of power of a lens is ‘dioptre’. It is denoted by the letter D.
Q7. Define the unit of power of lens Or Define Dioptre
Ans : If f is expressed in metres, then, power is expressed in dioptres. Thus, 1 dioptre is the power of a
lens whose focal length is 1 metre. 1D = 1m–1.
Q8. What is sign of Power of a convex lens and that of a concave lens?
Ans Power of a convex lens is positive and that of a concave lens is negative. Because focal length of
convex lens is positive & focal length of Concave lens is negative
Q9. Explain how the bending of light rays depends on focal length of a given lens.
Ans A convex lens of short focal length bends the light rays through large angles, by focusing
them closer to the optical centre. So the power of shorter focal length of convex lens is more than the
longer focal length.
Similarly, concave lens of very short focal length causes higher divergence than the one with longer
focal length. So if power of lens is more then its focal length is less. If power of lens is less then its focal
length is more.
Q10 How can you find out the power of the combination of lenses?
Ans The net power (P) of the lenses placed in contact is given by the algebraic sum of the individual
powers P1, P2, P3, … as P = P1 + P2 + P3 + …………….pn
Q11. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters
found in a dictionary?
(a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm.
(b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm.
(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm.
(d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm.
Ans : A convex lens gives a magnified image of an object when it is placed between the radius of
curvature and focal length. Also, magnification is more for convex lenses having shorter focal length.
Therefore, for reading small letters, a convex lens of focal length 5 cm should be used.
Q12. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens?
(a) Water (b) Glass (c) Plastic (d) Clay
Ans: d) Clay
Q13. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the
object?
(a) At the principal focus of the lens
(b) At twice the focal length
(c) At infinity
(d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus
Ans (b) At twice the focal length or at c1
Q14 .A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of –15 cm. The
mirror and the lens are likely to be
Ans : (a) Both concave ( concave mirror & concave lens )
Q15. One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a
Complete image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observations.
Ans : Lens produces the complete image of the object .
From the experimental observations, we find that image
formation does not depend upon the size of a lens. A smaller
lens can also form complete image of an object placed in
front of it. However, brightness of the image decreases when
some part of lens is blocked. It is because now lesser number
of rays passes through the lens.
Draw the ray diagram as shown in figure . Keep the object at
2F1 so that the image is formed at 2F2 .
Q16. An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw the
ray diagram and find the position, size and the nature of the image formed.
Ans : Here : Object distance, u= -25 cm,
Object height, h = 5 cm,
Focal length, f = +10 cm

The negative value of image height indicates that the image formed is Real & inverted.
Ray diagram : Object distance u = - 25 cm Focal length is 10 cm so Radius of curvature is 20 cm (2F1)
So object should be kept beyond 2F1 . Image is formed between F2 & 2F 2
Q17. A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object
placed from the lens ? Draw the ray diagram.
Ans : Given :
Focal length, f = -15 cm, Image distance, ν = -10 cm (as concave lens forms the image on the same side of
the lens)

So Object distance, u = -30 cm

The negative value of u indicates that the object is placed in front of the lens.
In Ray diagram : focal length OF1 = -15 cm so Radius of curvature OF2 = - 30 cm
Object distance is u= -30 cm so object should be kept at 2F1 and image is formed between O & F1
Q18. Find the focal length of a lens of power -2.0 D. What type of lens is this?
Ans: Here, P = -2.0 D
The type of lens is concave or diverging lens because the focal length is negative.

Q19. A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length of the lens. Is the
prescribed lens diverging or converging?
Ans : Here, P = +1.5 D P= 1/f so f=1/P

Q20. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm
from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the lens if the image is equal to the size
of the object? Also find the power of the lens.
Ans : Image distance v = + 50 cm
Since image is real and of same size.
The position of image should be double the focal length.
Hence, the object should be at 2f.
V = 2f = 50 cm , f = 25 cm = 25/ 100 metres= 0.25 m
Power = 1/f = 1/ 0.25 = 100/25 = + 4D
Q21. Find the power of a concave lens of focal length 2 m.
Ans. Given lens is concave focal length is f = - 2 m
p= 1/f = 1/ -2 m = - 0.5 D