Uday 2025

PRACTICE SHEET

(PHYSICS)
Chapter: THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER
Multiple Choice Answer Type Questions 6. If in winter season the surface temperature of lake
is 1°C, the temperature at the bottom of lake will
1. Temperature is a measure of
be
(1) Hotness or coldness
(1) 1°C
(2) Heat possessed by a body
(2) 0°C
(3) Potential energy
(3) 4°C
(4) Thermal energy
(4) All values less than 1°C are possible
2. The readings of a bath on Celsius and Fahrenheit
7. A uniform copper rod of length 50 cm and
thermometers are in the ratio 2: 5. The temperature
diameter 3.0 mm is kept on a frictionless horizontal
of the bath is
surface at 20°C. The coefficient of linear
(1) -26.66°C (2) 40°C
expansion of copper is 2.0 × 105 K-5 and Young's
(3) 45.71°C (4) 26.66°C
modulus is 1.2 × 1011 N/m². The copper rod is
heated to 100°C, then the tension developed in the
3. The pressure of a gas filled in the bulb of a
copper rod is
constant volume gas thermometer at temperatures
(1) 12 × 103 N (2) 36 × 103 N
0°C and 100°C are 27.50 cm and 37.50 of Hg
(3) 18 × 103 N (4) Zero
respectively. At an unknown temperature the
pressure is 32.45 cm of Hg. Unknown temperature
8. A second's pendulum clock has a steel wire. The
is
clock shows correct time at 25°C. How much time
(1) 30°C (2) 39°C
does the clock lose or gain, in one week, when the
(3) 49.5°C (4) 29.6°C
temperature is increased to 35°C?
4. A graph is plotted by taking pressure along y-axis ( sheet = 1.2  10 −5 / C )
and centigrade temperature along x-axis for an (1) 321.5 s (2) 3.828 s
ideal gas at constant volume. x intercept of the (3) 82.35 s (4) 36.28 s
graph is
(1) –273.15°C (2) –273.15K 9. The apparent coefficient of expansion of a liquid
(3) –273°C (4) –273K when heated in a brass vessel is X and when heated
in a tin vessel is Y. If  is the coefficient of linear
5. A hole is drilled in a copper sheet. The diameter of expansion for brass, the coefficient of linear
hole is 4.24 cm at 27.0°C. Diameter of the hole expansion of tin is
when it is heated to 35°C is X + Y + 3 X + 3 − Y
(1) Less than 4.24 cm (1) (2)
3 3
(2) Equal to 4.24 cm
(3)
X + Y − 2
(4)
( X + Y − 2 )
(3) More than 4.24 cm
3 2
(4) Data insufficient

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Assertion and Reason Answer Type Questions
Directions: These questions consist of two statements
each, printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering
these questions, you are required to choose any one of the
following four responses.
10. Assertion: The rate of growth of ice on the surface
of a lake decreases with increase in thickness of ice
layer.
Reason: Ice is poor conductor of heat energy.
(1) Both Assertion and Reason are True and the
Reason is a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(2) Both Assertion and Reason are True but
Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(3) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(4) Assertion and Reason are False
Very Short Answer Type Questions
11. Why does a blackbody appear brighter than the
polished surface when both are heated to the same
temperature?
12. Why is it hotter at the same distance over the top of
a fire than in front of it?
13. A beaker full of hot water is placed on a wooden
table. Does it lose heat? If yes, in what ways?
14. What is the S.I. unit of heat energy?
Short Answer Type Questions
15. Distinguish clearly between heat and temperature.
16. What is meant by the statement that heat is an
energy in transit?
Long Answer Type Questions
17. Two vessels of different materials are similar in
size in every respect. The same quantity of ice
filled in them gets melted in 20 minutes and 40
minutes respectively. What is the ratio of thermal
conductivities of the metals?
Case Based Study Answer Type Questions
18. States of matter viz: solid, liquid, and gas are
functions of temperature and heat content. During
the change of state of a substance, the exchange of
heat takes place between the substance and its
surrounding. In this process temperature of the
substance remains constant. At a certain
temperature known as the melting point. Both the
solid and liquid states of the substance coexist in
thermal equilibrium. Similarly, at boiling point
both the liquid and vapor states of the substance
co-exist in the thermal equilibrium. There are
certain substances which on heating directly pass
from solid to vapor state without passing through
the liquid state. This is a sublimation process in
which the solid changes to the vapor state of the
substance. The process of change of state depends
on pressure and temperature.
i. The states of matter, such as solid, liquid, and gas,
are dependent on what factors?
(1) Density and Mass
(2) Temperature and Heat Content
(3) Volume and Weight
(4) Pressure and Density
ii. What happens to the temperature of a substance
during its state change?
(1) It increases continuously
(2) It decreases continuously
(3) It fluctuates randomly
(4) It remains constant
iii. At the melting point, which states of a substance
coexist in thermal equilibrium?
(1) Solid and Liquid
(2) Liquid and Gas
(3) Solid and Gas
(4) All states
iv. What is the process called when a substance
changes directly from a solid to a gas without
passing through the liquid state?
(1) Condensation
(2) Evaporation
(3) Sublimation
(4) Vaporization
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v. What factors does the process of change of state (4) Heat content only
depend on?
(1) Temperature only
(2) Pressure only
(3) Pressure and temperature
■■■

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 Answer Key

1. (1) 7. (4)
2. (3) 8. (4)
3. (3) 9. (2)
4. (1) 10. (1)
5. (3) 18. i. (2), ii. (4) , iii. (1) , iv. (3) , v. (3)
6. (3)

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 Hints & Solutions

Multiple Choice Answer Type Questions nR  nR 

P= T ( C ) +   ( 273.15)
1. (1) V V 
Temperature is a measure of the degree of hotness
or coldness of a body. It is the degree or intensity
of heat present in a substance or object. It is
represented according to a comparative scale and
is measured by a thermometer.

2. (3)
We know the relation between Celsius and
Fahrenheit scale,
C F − 32 Slope of graph is positive and x-intercept is
= …(1), negative.
100 180
Where C is the temperature in Celsius and F is
5. (3)
the temperature in Fahrenheit.
We know that metals expands on heating.
C 2
Given, =  F = 2.5C …(2) Therefore, the diameter of the hole should
F 5
increase as temperature is raised from 27°C to
C 2.5C − 32
So, = [from (1) and (2)] 35°C.
100 180
320
C =  45.71C
7

3. (3)
We know when V to contact p is proportional to T 6. (3)
 P = AT + B We know that more dense fluid settles below the
When T = 0C, P = 27.5 cm of hg less dense fluid. Therefore, at the bottom of the
 27.5 = A  0 + B  B = 27.5 …(i) lake, water will have lower density than the
When T = 100C, P = 37.5 cm of hg surface. Also, we know, at 4 °C, the density of
 37.5 = A(100) + B = 100 A + 27.5 water is maximum as volume is minimum. And
 100 A = 10 below 4°C, the density decreases with decrease in
10 temperature.
 A= = .1 …(ii)
100
Now,
32.45 = .1  T + 27.5
 4.95 = .1T
 T = 49.5C

4. (1) Hence, the temperature at the bottom has to be

PV = nRT
Where T is absolute temperature measured in
kelvin
T ( K ) = T ( C ) + 273.15
PV = nR (T ( C ) + 273.15)
greater than 1°C. i.e Only (3) is a possible option.
7. (4)
As the rod is not bounded at the ends, therefore
there is no stress to counter the expansion. Hence,
no tension in the rod.

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8. (4) Very Short Answer Type Questions
l 11. The darker the object, the better it emits heat,
Time period T = 2 because it's a better absorber of light. On the other
g
hand, a white object appears white because it
Length changes as temperature increases
reflects all the different wavelengths and absorbs
l35 = l25 (1 + )
little to no light. It doesn't absorb much energy,
l35 then, and puts off little to no heat. Light energy
T35 = 2
g can be converted into heat energy. A black object
absorbs all wavelengths of light and converts them
l25
T25 = 2 into heat, so the object gets warm. A white object
g reflects all wavelengths of light, so the light is not
l25 (1 + ) converted into heat and the temperature of the
So, T35 = 2 object does not increase noticeably.
g
1
T35 = T25 (1 +  ) 2 12. 1. At a point in front of the fire, heat is received
For   1 significantly due to the process of radiation, while
at a point above the fire, heat reaches both due to
 1 
T35 = T25 1 +  radiation and convection.
 2 
2. The air around the fire gets heat and becomes
1
T35 = T25 + I 25   hotter. As we know that hot air is lighter than cold
2 air and so this hot air moves in the upward
= 7  24  60  60  0.5  1.2  10−5  10 direction and cold air comes in the place of the hot
= 36.28 s air.
3. As hot air continuously moves upward so
9. (2) upward part receives more heat.

13. The beaker lose heat mainly due to radiation. A

small part of heat will be lost to the wooden table
on account of conduction also.
 actual =  Amp +  Vessel
14. Heat a form of Energy and SI unit of Energy is
 = 3 − linear Expansion coefficient.
Joule. Calorie is also unit of heat energy but it is
 actual =  Amp + 3 not SI unit.
x −  Amp → Brass vessel 1 cal = 4.2 J
y →  Amp → Tin vessel
Short Answer Type Questions
a = a 15.
 a = x + 3 (Brass) Heat Temperature
 a = y + 3 tin (tin) 1. Heat is energy in Temperature is a
x + 3 = y + 3 tin transit. When two physical quantity
bodies at different that defines the
x + 3 − y
 tin = temperatures are thermodynamic
3 brought in contact, state of a system.
Assertion and Reason Answer Type Questions they exchange heat. OR
10. (1) OR Heat transfer takes
Both Assertion and Reason are True but Reason is Heat is the form of place between the
not a correct explanation of the Assertion. energy transferred body and the

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 between two surrounding K1 A ML
= …(1)
(or more) systems or medium until the L 20
a system and its body and the K 2 A ML
surroundings by surrounding = …(2)
L 40
virtue of their medium are at the For equation 1: 2
temperature same temperature. K1 2
difference. =
K2 1
2. Heat exchange can Temperature is
be measured with the measured with the
Case Based Study Answer Type Questions
help of a calorimeter.help of a
18. (i)
thermometer
When thermal energy is added to a substance, its
3. Heat (being a form of Temperature is a temperature increases, which can change its state
energy) is a derived fundamental from solid to liquid (melting), liquid to gas
quantity. quantity. (vaporization), or solid to gas (sublimation).
4. S.I. unit: J (joule) S.I. unit: K (kelvin)
5. Dimension: Dimension: (ii)
2 1 2 0 The two main factors which are responsible for
[L M T K ] [L0M0T0K1]
bringing a change in the physical change of a
substance is its temperature and pressure.
16. Heat and work are referred to as "energy in
The temperature of any substance remains
transit" because they represent the transfer of
constant throughout a state shift since the heat
energy from one system to another. When heat is
energy produced is used up in changing the state
transferred between two systems, it represents the
of matter and also for breaking numerous bonds or
energy being moved from one system to another
attractive forces.
due to a temperature difference. Similarly, when
work is done on or by a system, it involves the
(iii)
transfer of energy from one form to another. Both The temperature at which the solid and liquid
heat and work involve the transfer of energy
forms of a pure substance can exist in equilibrium
rather than the creation or destruction of energy, is called melting point. It can be also defined as
hence they are considered as forms of energy in
the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid
transit.
at normal atmospheric pressure.

Long Answer Type Questions (iv)

Sublimation: The process of changing of solid
directly into the gaseous state without passing
through the liquid state on heating' is known as
17. sublimation. The solid substance which undergoes
sublimation is known as sublime whereas the
substance obtained by cooling the vapors of solid
dQ KA  ML 
= =
 t 
is known as sublimate.
dt L

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