X HALOALKANES ek HALO AREVES

NAME REACTIONS :

1. Finkelstein reacbom : Halde exchauge

R-X + NaI Dry acelon -T t Nax
R-L (x= C, 6r)

2, SWARTS REACTION: Halide exchange

3. B- ELIMINATION ; A
KOH (alc.)
CH -C-Q +
eliminated)
(B-H is

4. WURTZ REACTION:
DRY E THER ’RR + 2Nax
R-X t 2Na + X-R
ALKANE

CHy caut be prepaved. atoms mixtuu

alkanes with odd no
" To pepare
halde is Aryl halde
WuRTZ - FiTTIG REAcTION : Wheu
5. DRY ETHER + 2Na(
+ 2Na + d-cHa
Tolvene
Ayl haldes.
FITTIG - REAC TION Bot halioles ae
6. + 2Nac
+ 2Na +
DAY ETHER

CAND ME YER'S REACTION Qiazou om oalt to chlorbenzne, Boomobenau

Cyonobenzuc
+A,
+ Ng ‘
HOr
+ N,‘
A. DOW's PROCESS OH' guoup
Subs tikahon by --0H
ti NaOH, 623k,300atuy + Nad H,0
Pheno)
ChloobenzL

9. GATTER MAN's REAC

TION :
Cu/ HCI

Cu /HBr Br + N,4 +t HCO

.tw the pesue
(from diazoiunm sal to Chloro) Bromo benZue
a
NOT INNCERT

Re ACTIOw:
(10) HuNSDIECkER 'S
ccy R-Br + Ag B + Co,?
R-co0Ag t Reflux
ALKyLA TION :
I, FRIEDEL - CRAFTS
ANHYD. AIC3 + H +

nor(orhe) Majo(por)
Benzene
ANWYD. AICl3
+ Cay
0-ylena p-kylene
Toluene
ACY LATION :
CRAFTS
12. FRIE DEL -
ANYD AlCls,
+
CH, -C-Ct
Hinar (o ho) Majer (para)
 REACTIONS OF HALOARENES

+ly , Anhyd feCla

(HALO Gr ENA7ION)
Minor
Majm
NO,
HNO, Cone. H, S04 +
(NITRA TIoN)
NO Minor
Mayor

+
conc. HzSOy
( SwLPHONATION)
So,H Minor
Major
c

CHCl, Anhyd.Alcg
(ALKYLA TION) H,

+
Anhyd. ArCy oc-CH
(ACYLATION)

HALIDES Cy-¢-x
l4. TYPES oF CH-X

() ALKYL HALIDES: CH, -X

attached
HALIDE S sp? to the C
0D ALLyLIC doubly bonded e
to
-c=c-*

BENZYLIC
HALIDES
(Oirectly to te c,fheatached to
ring)
 VINYLIC HALIDES "

(DirechBy to doubsy bonded c)

(v) ARYL HALIDES

(Direct to benzene ring )

TION REACTIONS(S, )
15. NUCLEO PHILI C SUB STITU

(BIMOLE CULAR)
(UNIMOLE CULAR)
ONE STEP
(D TNo sTEP
S TEP Nu ---R---X
RX R-X
Canbocaion Transio
3° S infesmedials State
(pregoned)
STEP Nu- R
+ Nu:
Roduet

Resulls in invesicn

Reteutt on rerls
boh take place
sation.
In hace mi REACTIVITY oRDER

VITY (HALIDeS)
REACTI
1) ORDER OF sterie hinderancn.
3°> 2° > o
f Carbocahn due to stabilisahon of c Joneo
stability
clue toBenzylic 6dus do resMande
kinetcs e
halides are more reacHre follows secnd order
Alylic 2 the cane.
First ordea ineicA ie. depuds pa
follows the ralt reactauli
ralt o reachon dapods yp of both tue
me. habida. PoLAR APAOTIC SOLVENIS
Hhe coue. " 0CCus tn
occu n PoLAA PROTe DASO
GGeneually
w)vi)) SoLV ENTS ke akr, alek, ycooH Acgone ,H--NMe
b
 be
must reachrs
hay (ks HLKANES
fouads reache react
dcewakr< with R-Mg
hy water, Akane H,o +
RH
+
regut Grrignard
eher
dry
NARD GRIG (5)
REAGSN
TS
ENANTIONERS
CHIRAL
C
AL
CHEMI AL
PROPERTIES
PREPARATION
MEHODS PoLy e!-0
UNDS CoMPO
GEN HALo
ToplcS ALL REST
THOROUGHLY
NCERT fRON
o-N=o/
| CN
Nulupkis
pacsess
nles yanude
nibili Nuckophiles: Anubideut
NO CN
youide nibo
--NC Coralasbond Covalont
-NO, CHyoy
CNAg AgNO
-CP
nibilt
Cyanicle -ONO CH,c,
Toric,bond
KNO
-CN aHg-Cn
KCN NUCLEOPHILES AMBIDENT