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Alcohols 12 Notes
Alcohols 12 Notes
Intermedat
OH
(Sub Sh hieol CH6
enzal chlonde)
SALICYLALDEHYDE
SON
3) WILLIAM SYNTHESIS: (Sy mech)
" Reachcn of an alkyl hade ith Sodion alkoxicle
sodum phunokIde o fem ether.
Conveuerl mehod to prepare
e hers
ONa
+ NaI
4) hep" ASPIRIN
COOH COOH
+ CH, Co0H
sabeylie atud Aceiylsabcyhic acd
(ASPIRIN)
Chyomuc anhydude)
3° aleohots ae reSistant to oxi.
C-c bonds kaypens
eith Jeney zo.f CC- aoms.
OH
+ co, 4 H o
OH
alcohol to ketone
R- H-R
S731
aH
-C04 Elia1naHen f
o)
3° alohod to alkne.
PHENOL wTH
) OH
Br 38r
Broune
in CS, Lyater BY
2,46-Iribonspheno
(Mayer)
inotcn white Ppt.
8) oxdaton ophenol hor t. chromiC atid
Na, (, O4
(onjegaled dikdu)
77777 Tn the presenee of air phenals ane
benzoquinou
BY
(Bare)
3° Brorce
nucleephule
Abshaeli H)
C, - c oNa
Nuchepbil
19) REACTloN ETHERS HX
(S mech)
4u case of wnsyrmsh tal ethers Alkyl hali ole i
lowtr alkyl gopo ue to _les
alaays fomud
steric hin deance (This
alkyl guag)
+ H T
CH, O-C, C's CHg -7 + Cy C, OH
But t ne of he alkyl
fo leued alkyl hali cle e fomed fom 'alhyl p
CH3
CH
CHs
In Case
Phenol
bond b/a moe shbk/shong du to sp
deuble bond character
Ltemediale +
oH
HI CHg T
(Majr)
OH
Conc. HNO3
Picric Aci e
2,4, 6- Tri hibep henet
MECHANISMS ; Catalyed
hep f alcoheb by acidlc hyation of alkenes
H+
+ H, o
" MECHANISY: 3 steps
STEP 1: Potonaion ot alkene to fora Canbocahian
byby elechophi lie atack o H,ot
H
H
H + H, O:
-C-C
/
Auchuly order
" MECHANISM:
STEP 1 - Formahon ofa proonafed alcohol.
o-H fasl
H H
STEP 2: Formahan a RDS.
3# ` Sbuest slep so Rs
Alkene
MECHANISM:
STEP : Protenahion
Protonatc albohol
STEP 2 :Nuc leophibc attack of gnd alcoh ol
molecule,
S low
H,0
STEP_3 Deprotonation (Remoral of aa H)
+
ETHER
I +
CH-I
H- IT
exce ss
+ HO
No ea w
*" Bo it younsel!:
Gut of Pentan - 2-ol R Penan -3-ol whch coill ge Todfon
fest posihve Jb Cham cqu
4) TEST FOR PHENOL : fe CI, Teot
Fey 343K, Fe (oçts)e + 3H +t 34C0
Phenol
VIolet complex
fe Cla + 3H
neubal
Violel Conplex
* ACIDIC NATURE Of PHENOLS:
Phenols are more aidic than han alcohols
alohols because :
(0 -oH 9p in phenot cd cnectly attachud o
sp' hybidise d c of ben Zme hch e' densiky
0-H bCud
(i) phenokide
Atabihsed by XOsonQnee Hhon phenol as in phenol Hhere
Chasge sepaahe
Refer to Shuctues NCERT
Phenoki de icn theno) book,
o-Nihophenf p-nibophenof
fhe -or Hho -para L`omess Can ke
separakd by
SHam
dusillahonr
nibqphanal Steam ylahle de
to IN TRAM OLE CULAR H- 80NDING wtile
p-nilbpkanl Jen volahle de fo
infermole aalar Whandu
OTHER ToPICS TO BE DONE FRON, WCERT
Nomen clature i- ABcohels, phenol.
phenos, ko chers.
Classifkcatio of cohols
8huckeu of funthinad
Keparation mahodlo ef alchok, pheroh, k churs
Physical preperhes ef alekos <phents, 'chus
ees
Comscialy
Chenica
inspo lont alkekolk - oyoy, ,sou
leachos of aletels, phenols k ehars
f Phonols &ehors,
AU NCERT
DiSTINCTI 0N ALCOHoL BPHEoL
TEST ALCOH oL PHENOL
Litmus Test No efte Tusus blue lihn0s red
No YIo le colouraho
reach No reac
ferms orange /yelks tokusd azo lyes
No read A whlE Apt of 34 6- bibronphsnal
THe REDUCIN G AGENTS (k their achio)
DOES NOT AFFCT BOUB LE BOND
y CH,-4= HCH, OH
CH-C= CH - CHO
Ha/Ni
Roduce dlouble bond aloo
REDUCTION By NabHy
NaBHy HO
No vedn of
redutes bott