i;r lka uka;%Kh

.=;a;s, fjK ko

Tfí m%foaYfha iriú odhdoh………

wkQId È,arelaIs
B.A(Sp)HOn's / M.A.(u.g)
fmardfoKsh úYaj úoHd,h
úuiSï 076-9105334

isxy, NdIdj yd idys;H - wkqId os,r

a elaIs 1
 i;r lka uka;%Kh
l;=jrhd :- l¾;D uKav,hla úiska rÑ; lD;shls .
idys;H hq.h :- l=rEKE., hq.h ^14 ishji&
cd;l fmd; rpkd jQfha :- 4 jk mKaä; mrdl%undyq rcq ojih.
cd;l fmd;g uq,dY% jQ lD;sh :- md,s cd;lÜG l;djhs
md,s cd;lÜG l;dfõ l;=jrhd :- nqoO a f>daI ysñ
cd;l fmdf;ys we;=<;a cd;l l;d .Kk :- 547 ls
cd;l fmd;g uq,dY% ù we;af;a :- nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a fmr wd;au yd iïnkaO l;d
cd;l l;djl wdlD;sfha uq,l s wx. :- j¾;udk l;dj w;S; l;dj ifudaOdkh -mq¾jmr ikaê .e,mSu&
fuu hq.fha § rÑ; fjk;a lD;s :- isxy, fndaêjxYh , isxy, wkd.; jxYh , o<`od isß;
cd;l fmd; weiqre lrf.k rÑ; mßjdr .%k: a :- l=i cd;l ldjH , oyï fid`v ± lj ,
Wïuoka;s cd;lh
Wïu.a. cd;lh rpkd lsÍfï wruqK :- ufy!IO m`ä;=ud l=vd wjêfha isg kqjK fufyhjd
lghq;= lrk wdldrh;a rcqg fiajh lsÍfï § i;=re l=uka;%K
mrod l%shd l< wdldrh ±lafõ.
isxy, cd;l fmdf;a l;=jrhd :- fid,S ráka meñKs uy f;r kula jk fid<S uyd idñ m%Odk
l¾;D ïKav,hla úisks
Wïu.a. cd;lh weiqßka ìys jq .%k:a :- Wuxodlj , ld,f.daa, l;dj , r;j;S l;dj ,Wïu.a. cd;lh
cd;l fmdf;a 538 jk cd;l l;djhs
ñhq¨ kqjr yeÈka jQ ku :- ñÓ,d kqjr
cd;l fmdf;a tk §¾>;u cd;l l;d jkafka :- iq;fidau cd;lh , isú cd;lh , f;añh cd;lh ,
fjiaika;r cd;lh
Wïu.a. cd;lh uqøs; msgq 250 blaujk ;rï úYd,h.
Wïu.a. cd;lh f,i ku fhÿfKa :- Wu`. ms<n s `o mqj;la we;=<;a jk ksidh.

wkqrdOmqr hq.fha isg cd;l l;d lúhg ke.=K wdldrh

hq.h ldjH cd;l l;dj
ila od lj ixL cd;lh
wkqrdOmqr hq.h
wilaod lj wdixLdj;S cd;lh
iiod lj ii cd;lh
fmdf<dkakre hq.h
uqjfoõ od lj uLdfoaj cd;lh
oUfoKs hq.h lú is`:ñK l=i cd;lh
l=rEKE., hq.h i`olsÿre od lj pkao lskka r cd;lh
ldjH fYaLrh i;a;= N;a; cd;lh
fldaÜfÜ hq.h .=;a;s, ldjH .=;a;s, cd;lh
l=i od lj l=i cd;lh
úOqr cd;l ldjH
uyd ckl cd;l ldjHh
iïnq,d od lj iïnq,d cd;lh
we;am,a od lj yia;smd, cd;lh
uykqjr hq.h
moudkjl cd;l ldjH
uLdfoaj cd;l ldjHh
fjiaika;r ldjH fjiaika;r cd;lh
uqj cd;l ldjHh
fld<U hq.h wila od lj wdixLj;S cd;lh

ukfï kdv.u - ck kdgH - pq,a, Okq¾Or cd;lh

ukfï kdglh - irÉpkaø - pq,a, Okq¾Or cd;lh
i`ols`ÿre kdv.u - ck kdgH - pkaolskakr cd;lh
fjiaika;r kdgHh - fcdaka o is,ajd - fjiaika;r cd;lh
úOqr kdgHh - fcdaka o is,ajd - úOqr cd;lh
l=i kdgHh - fcdaka o is,ajd - l=i cd;lh
fjiaika;r - irÉpkaø - fjiaika;r cd;lh
i`olsÿre - .,mam;a;s - pkao lskakr cd;lh
Èla;, ld<f.da< - mqKHfiak .=Kisxy - Wïu.a. cd;lh
isxy, NdIdj yd idys;H - wkqId os,r
a elaIs 2
 úpdr m%Yak i`oyd ms<s;=re
hqO Wml%u yd ikaksfõok Wml%u
hqO Wml%u
ñhq¨ kqjr jg lsÍfï § wgf,dia wlafI!ysKshla fhdod .kS .
rdcOdksh f.dvke.Sfï § w`.,a mjqre fodrgq jdi,,a n,fldgq wd§ wdrlaIl Wml%u fhdod .ekSu.
meka ù id,a yd or we;ehs y`.ùug Wml%u fhoùu.

ikaksfõok Wml%u
oyila fhdaOhka ±kqj;a lr iqrd W;aijh úkdY lsÍu.
.srfjl= fhdojd i;r lka uka;%Kh ms<sn`o f;dr;=re ±k .ekSu.
i;=re rcqka wi, prmqreIhka fhdojd Tjqka u`.ska f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu.
yS o`vq u.ska ,sms tùu yd th blaukska ,nd f.k m%;spdr ±laùu

ydiH u;= jk wji:djka

 flajÜg nuqKd úkdYldÍ ryi u;= l< wjia:dfõ § .srd fmda;lhka ±la jQ m%;spdrh
"id,af,l ,d,d md;ag ndk flfkl=ka fuka flajÜg nuqKd ysie j¾pia msvla fy<d…."

 n%yau o;a; rcq úpdrhlska f;drj flajÜggkaf.a nig wjk; ùu.

"pQ,kS n%yauo;a; rÊcqrefjda o uy;a jQ rdcH f,daNfhka hqla; neúka nuqKkaf.a nia wid i;=gqje"

 ñhq¨ kqjr w,a,d .ekSu w;rey m,d hEu.

"ta wid rcorefjda ;dla uq`:,a, jv jvd hym;aj m,d hkakdyquh."

 ufy!IO m`ä;=udf.a jeÿï .ekSug meñK ßÿï ,eîu

"ud fkdjeÿj lsh lshd uqNh iu. k<, fmr< fmr<d fldrie`ä ìu W,d r;a jo u,la fia"

 flajÜg nuqKd fiakdfõ kskaod j,g o ,laùu

 fõfoay rcq i;=rka .ek weiq úg ìhg m;a ùu.

"Wka wd nj Nhska ;%ia;je b;slska wmf.a Èú ke;s n%yauo;a; f;fï ±ka wm yeu urkafkah"

ufy!IO pß;h

Wuf.a l;dj kñka cd;l fmd;g ix.%y jQ fuu cd;l l;dj tys wka;¾.; È.u cd;l l;djhs.
Wïu.a. cd;lh fndai;dKka jykafia m%{d mdrñ;dj wrnhd foaYkd fldg we; . Wïu.a. cd;lfha w;S;
l;dfõ tk ufy!IO m`ä;=udf.a pß;h fndai;a pß;hhs . ufy!IO m`ä;=udf.a l=i ms<sis`o .ekSu cd;l
l;d lre b;d wdYap¾hu;a wdldrhg bÈßm;a lr we; . Bg fõfoay rcq ÿgq isyskhla miqìï lr .kshs .
ufy!IO m`ä;=ud fõfoay rcqg w¾:fhka O¾ufhka wkqYdikd lrhs. i;=re l=uka;%K mrod Ôú; fírd
.ekSug W;aiy lrkq ,enqfõ lsiÿ
s Ôú; ydkshla fkdjk wdldrhgh.

ufy!IO m`ä;=udf.a idkqlïms; is;=ú,s

isxy, NdIdj yd idys;H - wkqId os,r
a elaIs 3
 ud n`ÿ mKAä; flfkl=ka Ôj;a je yskao§u fuf;la rc orejka ñh hEu hqla; fkdjkafkah.
wêIaGdkYS,S Ndjh
flajÜghd yd n%yauo;a; rcq w;r jq ryia l;d ny .srd fmda;lhdf.ka ±k .ekSfuka miq th bgq
lr .ekSug bv fkd;eîu.
uyd hqO fiakdjla ú;a kqjr jg,d .;a wjia:dfõ ìhg m;a jQ fõfoay rcq wiajid,Su.
O¾u hqoaOfhka ch .kakg flajÜghd ork m%hka;h mrdch lsÍug ;rfha is;d .ekSu.

ia:dfkdaÑ; m%{dj
jeÿï msÿï .ekSug meñKs flajÜghd ueKslg f,daN .kajd WmdhYS,Sj ;u fom;=, <. fydjd Tyq
mrojd O¾u hqoaOfhka ch ,eîu
i;=rkag kqjfrys mjqr wi,g <x úh fkdyelsjk fia bÈlsÍï yd wdrlaIl úê úOdk Yla;su;a fldg
;eîu.
rc orejka uerùug fhdok ,o iqrdmdfkda;aijh ;u l=¨m.= fhdaOhka ,jd jHd¾: lsÍu.

mrys;ldó .==Kh
rc orejka uerùug fhdok ,o iqrdmdfkda;aijh ;u l=¨m.= fhdaOhka ,jd jHd¾: lsÍu.

jxpkslhka Wmdfhka uq<d lsÍu

;=gq m`vqrla f,i ueKslla fok nj w`.jd flajÜghd rjgd ;udf.a mduq, fydjd,Su.

;ukag WmldÍ jQjkag m%;hQmldr ±laùu

 ryi t<s l, .srd fmda;lhdg i;aldr lsÍu yd iqj myiqj ±laùu.

jxpkslhska flfrys wkqlïmdj fkd±laùu

 ueKsl .kakg ìug keuqKq flajÜghdf.a k<,;a uqyqK;a f,a tk ;=re ìu we;s,a,Su.
WmdhYs,S yd ¥¾o¾Ys nj
 ryi ±k .ekSfuka miq meka / ù / yd,a / or j,ska kqjr iajhxfmdaIs; nj fmkaùu.

wruqKq iM, lr .kakd m%{dfjka hq;a ;eke;af;ls

mrys;ldój úkdYh j<ld .ekSug l%shd lsÍu
rg jeishkaf.a úYajdih Èkd .kS
iodpdr .rel nj udkj ohdj
wjfndaOd;aul ±kqu

ydiH yd Wmydifhka hq;=j flajÜg nuqKdf.a pß; olajd we;s wdldrh

 w.rc lrùug .sh n%yauo;a; rcq o flajÜghd ms<sn`o ie,ls,a,la fkd±laùu.
 O¾u hqoaOfha § ufy!IO m`ä;=ud fj;ska wu;l fkdjk mdvula bf.k .ekSu.
 flajÜg nuqKdf.a ysig jefgk fia .srd fmda;lhd jiqre ms`vla fy<Su.

 O¾u hqoaOfhka merÿKq flajÜg nuqKd fiakdfõ wmydihg ,la ùu.

 flajÜghka ;ud ufy!IO m`ä;=udg fkdjeÈ nj mqk mqkd fiakdjg m%ldY lsÍu.
 ufy!IO m`ä;=ud O¾u hqoaOhg meñfKk ;=re flajÜg nuqKd n,d isàu.
Wïu.a. cd;lfha NdIdj
ixjdod;aul NdIdj
"foajhka jykai fldg msh mq;= l;djla we;ehs lSy"
wjia:d ksrEmKh
"tla w;lska msálr yd tla w;lska msáuq, ;rfha w,a,df.k……….."
Wmud Wmfïh Ndú;h
isxy, NdIdj yd idys;H - wkqId os,r
a elaIs 4
"id,a,l ,d ,d md;g ndk flfkl=ka fuka , i`o u`v, w`okd flkl= fuka."

Wmud Ndú;h
 Nhska ;e;s .;a fõfoay rcq iukhg m;a lsÍu.
"frda.fhka fmf<k tlla yg wjia:d ms<hula okakd fjfol= ms<sirK jkakd fia"

 fndai;=ka O¾u hqoaOhg meñfKk ;=re flajÜghd n,d isàu.

"fldla lrla fia Èla jQ lr we;s jQy .fndaêi;ajhkaf.a È.ka;rfhys m;<d jQ f;aci mßoafoka"

 tla ishhla rcjrekaf.a fiajdfõ iajrEmh ±laùu

"isxy kdo weiq jqk fmd,a,ka mßoafoka Yl% mqrhg jka wiqr Nghka mßoafoka"

 flajÜg nuqKdf.a ysig jefgk fia .srd fmda;lhd jiqre ms`vla fy<sSu
"id,a,l ,d,d md;g ndk flfkl= fuka"

 n%yau o;a; rcq ñhq¨ kqjr jg,d .;a wjia:dfõ fldamhg m;a jQ wdldrh
"oKavfhka .ik ,o wdYs¾úIhlayq fuka , .e,a mqrd f.kjq;a flduvq ndkd fia"

Wïu.a. cd;lh ;=< fhdod f.k we;s NdId Í;sh

 ñY% isxy, NdId ffY,sh
 nK l;d Í;sh
 Wmud rEml Ndú;h
 flá jdlH yd È.= jels
 ixfla;d¾: yd èúka;d¾:

i;r lka uka;%Kh wre;a meyeos,s lsrSu

t iufhys - ta ld,fha Wmdfhka - Wml%uYS,Sj
úh;a;dy - nqoaêuf;ls yiqka tjQy - ,smshla tùh
msìo - ke.sg ueÍï ixLHd; - urd ±óï ms<sn`o
.kaOodu - iqj`o u,a ud,d l+vdrïj, - ner,aj,
kd kd - fkdfhla fkdfhla uijq`: - uia j,ska iEÿ lEu
úÑ;% - úis;=re wka;iair mqreIfhda - T;a;=lrejka
ú;dfkdam,laIs; - úhklska hqla; jq kshdj - wdldrh
w,xlD; - w,xldr jQ kshu fldg lshd - ksjerÈj olajd
Y%S hyka .¾Nh - iqko a r jq ksok ldurh hqla; fkdjkafkah - hq;= ke;
w.% mqfrdays; - rcqf.a m%Odk WmfoaYl msgqjy,a - Wojq
fldg - msh mq;= l:dfjla - lsj hq;= l:djla wiakg blaì;s mekjq - widkhg <`.sku
a
lk uE;g kud ¨j - lk fuydg ,x lrkak iqodkï l<
l=reì,sfhka - l=vd ryia fodrgqfjka
k;=jg - wjk; jkak ud w`e.s - b;d W;=ï
mrÿj - mrÈkjd l,y jvd f.k - flda,dy,hla we;s lr
urd mshd - urd oud f.k
wfkla kqjrlg - fjk;a k.rhlg
rd ue`ä,a, - rd uKavmh rd;a msh fkdfoïy - rd fndkakg bv fkfouq
kel; - iqN fõ,dj uia wjq`: - uia j,ska msiQ lEu
wka;fhys - wjidkfha jdis fnfKñka - mqridrï lshñka
id,af,l ,d,d - l+vhl oud uqj fmd,a,ka - uqj megjqka
md;g ndk - my<g f.k tk huq.=re nd ,d - hlv fmd¨ j,ska .id
j¾pia ms`vla - wY+Ñ álla uq.=re - fmd¨
fld<';af;ka - fld< iys; w;af;ka wvhá - fy,a,
ilkaje - lka yhlg m;afldfyd,a - wdhqOhls
-
isxy, NdIdj yd idys;H - wkqId os,r
a elaIs 5
fkdfhla ish lklg - ish .Kka lkaj,g
fld, , .kqj - fnd,õ , w,a,msh

.=;a;s, fjK ko

 l;=jrhd - jE;a;Efõ ysñ.

 .=;a;s, ldjH ks¾udKh jQfha - .=;a;s, cd;lh weiqre fldg .ksïks. ^237cd;lh&
 idys;H hq.h - fldaÜfÜ hq.h.
 we;=<;a mµ .Kk - 511 lska iukaú; fõ.
 .=;a;s, ldjH ks¾udKh lSug wdrdOkd lf<a - i,dj; chmd, ue;s`ÿka úisks.
 .=;a;s, ldjH ks¾udKh l< wjÈfha rclï lf<a - ijk merl=ïnd rcq oji.
 .=;a;s, cd;lh we;=<;a jkafka - mkaish mkia cd;l fmdf;ah.
 ksñ;a; - ;ud wlD;{fhl= fkdjk nj .=re;=udg fmkaùug .=;a;s, ldjH flßKs.
 .=;a;s, ldjH wod< jk ldjH úfYaIh - cd;l l;d ldjH.
 fjk;a ldjH - ii od lj
uqjfoõ od lj
ldjHfYalrh

 fldaÜfÜ hq.fha l;=jre - úod.u ffu;%sh ysñ

f;dg.uqfõ YS% rdyq, ysñ
foúkqjr ;s,l msßfjkam;s ysñ
 fldaÜfÜ hq.fha ks¾udK - ie<,sysKs ikafoaYh
f,dajev i`.rdj

 i,dj; chmd, ue;s`ÿka wdrdOkd l< nj ±lafjkafka msßisÿq hi wÿka

È.e;=ka l=Uq wf,ú ÿka
ÿisß is; fkdu ÿka
i,dj; chmd, ue;s ÿka

 ks¾foaYs; meÈ fmf<a ±lafjkafka - .=;a;s, ldjHfha ^277-31golajd we;s mµ 34 ls&

 cd;l weiqfrka rÑ; .S ldjH - ii cd;lh - iiod lj
uLd foaj cd;lh - uqjfoõ od lj
pkak lskk a r cd;lh - i`o lsÿreod lj
.=;a;s, cd;lh - .=;a;s, ldjH
l=i cd;h - lú is`:ñK
i;a;=N;a;l cd;lh - ldjHfYalrh
 isxy, idys;Hfha iaj¾Kuh hq.h - fldaÜfÜ hq.h ^l%s j 1415-1467&
 jE;a;Efõ ysïhkaf.a .=rejrhd jkafka - f;dg.uqfõ Y%S rdyq, ysñ
 fldaÜfÜ hq.h úiq l;=jre yd Tjqkf a .a .%k:
a -
 f;dg.uqfõ YS% rdyq, ysñ - mfrú ikafoaYh
- ie<,sysKs ikafoaYh
- ldjH fYaLrh
- mxÑld m%§mh
- nqoê
a mamidokS mo idOk àldj
 ùod.u ffu;%Sh ysñ - yxi ixfoaYh
- lõ ,l=Kq ñKs u,
- f,dajev i`.rdj
- nqÿ .=K w,xldrh
- t`: w;a;k.¨ jxYh
- oyï .eg ud,dj
 jE;a;Efõ ysñ - .=;a;s, ldjHh
 foúkqjr ;s,l msßfjkam;s ysñ - fldals, ikafoaYh
 wm%lg lúfhla - merl=ïnd isß;
 wm%lg lúfhla - .srd ikafoaYh

isxy, NdIdj yd idys;H - wkqId os,r

a elaIs 6
.=;a;s, ldjHfha wka;¾.;h^mßÉfþo j,g wkqj&
1-3 f;rejka kuialdrh
4-12 f;rejka kuialdrh
ldjHfha m%ia;djkdj
17-90 j¾;udk l:dj
115-129 Wfoakm S r
q ieKfl<s jekqu
135-147 fj<`ÿka úiska lrkq ,nk .=;a;s, ms<n s `o jekqu
161 .=;a;s, yd uQis, ms<ns `o isoaê ud,dj
225 jdo uKavmh bÈ lsÍu yd msßia meñKSu
265 jdoh i`oyd .=;; a s,f.a meñKSu
281 .=;;a ,
s uQi,s ;r. jdokh isÿ ùu
290 .==;;
a ,
s f.a ùKd jdokfha uOqr;dj
30-313 iqrx.kdjkaf.a rx.kh
317 uQis, mkakd ±óu
370 .=;a;s,f.a ÈjH f,dal .uk
469 .=;a;s, wdmiq meñK lrk foõ f,dj úia;rh
úpdr m%Yak i`oyd ms<s;=re f.dv k.uq
ùKd jdokfha ñys¾ nj èjks; lsÍug lúhd wjg /iajqjkaf.a iajrEmh olajk wdldrh
wjg /ia jQ i;=kf
a .a bßhõj, we;s jk fjkialï ±laùug WÑ; ldjH ixl,amkd fhdod .ekSu
^i;aj yeisÍu&
 mkais`: ùKd ko miqneiajq
 .c fi;a is;shu .c isß lsfhda,s
 kkayh fi;a isáfhda isá u;afka
 tod .sfha ß,jqka i;am, nj
 Wuqfjka .;a ó wU uhqrdhd
ñksiqka lkal`: fjK ko weiSfuka uqim;a jQ wdldrh
 ks;s ksß`ÿf.a ?ljf,ys kshq;af;da
 fkd±ks;a orejka welfhka jegqKd

we;=ka, wYajhka ,l=re,a,ka iajNdjfhkau pxp,ldÍ bßhõ j,ska hqla; fõ. kuqÿ ùKd kdph me;sfroa§ pxp,ldrS
bßhõ fjkia ù ksYap,j ksfid,aufka ùKd kdoh ri ùÈhs .ùKd kofha ñysßhdfjka ;udg ;ud wu;l jk ;rug
m;a úh. hqoOa lsÍfï udkisl;ajfhka isák Nghkaf.a is;a ±äh. tjeks Nghkaf.a mjd is;a ikaiqka úh.

WÑ; ldjHd,xldr fhdod .ekSu jE;a;Efõ ysñhkaf.a m%Ndj olajhs.

w¾: Yío rih msreKq joka yd úß;a fhdod .ekSu
 Èh Èh f.di m< lrñka imdudKs .sh .sh ;ek biajd rka uq;=ñK
 uku;a lrjk o; uq`: fork
 rE /fia weÈkd f,fia w;a f,, ȧ úÿ,sh mnd
 wkqm%ihka iys; joka ud,djla fhdod .ekSu. lka ,rka, ika, ;;a ,yh, fi;a fu;a lrk rij;a fjK ko ;n
;nd
Wmud Wmfïh Ndú;d lsÍu
 ikai, fkdj tys ms<s rE f,isfka
 is;sú,s ke;s rE ú,i uqfjdah
 wyiska nei r`. fl,shs
 Èis fuka úh úÿ,sh ishoyihs
flá yd È.= úß;a iys; ldjH Ndú;h
 msh ika fkdj ì`.= ±,a /`È fldmq,S
 fjfiiska hk ;o È.; mqrdhd
t<siuh iys; lú fhdod .ekSu
 fofoku bo fomsg
 iõi; i;ka ;=gq fldg
isxy, NdIdj yd idys;H - wkqId os,r
a elaIs 7
  uku;a lrjk ok uq`: forK
 rij;a jk fjK ko lrK
ir, .eñ joka fhdod .ekSu
 fkd±ku ;ud n,
 kj;d .s.ß
s fha
 flf<ys .=K is;a foa

iqr`.k /.=ï
ñksiqka i;=ka muKla fkdj ÈjHdx.kdjka o fjK ko Y%jkh lsÍfuka uqim;a fõ. Yl% foúhka fok ,o Wmfoia
j,g wkqj .=,s ;=k wyig úis lrhs. tla .=,h s lg 300 ne.ska .=,s 300g iqrx.kdjka 900la ìug nishs. ÿgq ÿgqjka
uqim;a lrñka Tjqka rx.kfha fhfohs.
 rE /fia w`Èkd f,fia w;a f,< ȧ úÿ,sh mnd
 mqka uodrd u,a oñka uqÿ È.= iqk,
s a jr,i f.d;d
 Èuq;= hiia jk l=iqu irdf.a

isxy, NdIdj yd idys;H - wkqId os,r

a elaIs 8