ST.

MARY’S UNIVERSITY

Communication English langue skill II

Course code – Flen 1012
Section A
Student Name ID No
1. Abdulhakim Girma RAD/1538/2016
2. Abreham Abush RCD/1513/2016
3. Abrham Meseret RCD/2389/2016
4. Arsema Endalew RCD/2452/2016
5. Beckam Getachew RCD/1111/2016
6. Beza tigistu RCD/1825/2016
7. Biniam Wondimagegn RCD/1654/2016
8. Dagim Admasu RCD/1519/2016
9. Ekram Nasser RCD/1826/2016
10. Elsabeth Luelseged RCD/1120/2016

Submission Date:30/5/2024
Submitted to: yitayal admasu
 TENSE
Tense is the quality of a verb that indicates the time of an action or event. It is a grammatical
feature that shows whether an action is happening in the past, present, or future. Tense also helps
to establish the relationship between different events or actions in a sentence.
Therefore, we will see about future tense
FUTURE TENSE
•Time and tide wait for no man. So, a period of time following the moment of speaking or
writing is called as future tense
FUNCTION OF FUTURE TENSE
The future tense is used to describe actions or events that will happen after the present moment.
It is used to talk about things that are expected, planned, or likely to occur in the future. The
purpose of the future tense is to convey information about actions, events, or states that have not
yet happened but are anticipated to happen at some point later in time.

Future tense classified into 4:-

- simple future
- future continues
- future perfect
- future perfect continues
Function of the classified tenses
Simple future tense
-This tense tells about an action which has not occurred yet and will occur after saying or in
future.
# Form
-The formula for the simple future is will+[root form of verb].
Example: I will learn a new language.
:He will read that book.
-It does not matter if the subject is singular or plural the formula for the
simple future doesn’t change. But there is another way to show that something will happen in
the future .
It follows the formula am/is/are + going to+[root form verb]
Example: I am going to learn new language.
-He is going to read that book.
#uses
1,It is used to refer actions or states that begin and end in future. Not connect with present.
Example: I will meet her at the mall.
2,To make predictions or guesses about the future.
e.g.: I think our team will win the base ball game.
3,to expresses factual statements about the future .
e.g.: This expensive soap will coast us more money .
4 to consider future possibilities or conditions..
e.g.: she will only go to the party if her sister goes with her.
5, to make commands
e.g.: you will turn in your team paper on time, or else you will fail this class.
Rule. Shall/will +verb
In future tense helping verb ‘shall’ is used with I and we.
Helping verb ‘will’ is used with all others
When you are commitment or warn someone or emphasize something, use of will/shall is
reversed. Will is used with ‘I’ and ‘we ‘ and ‘ shall’ is used with other.
In general speaking there is hardly any difference between shall and will and normally will is
used with all.
Future continues tense
The future continuous tense is generally used to represent an event or action that is happening at
a certain point in time in the future. The tense is also called the future progressive tense, as it
denotes an action or event that is progressing or continuing at a particular time in the future.
Form.
Subject + Helping verbs (will + be) + present participle form of the verb + the rest of the
sentence
Uses
1, shows that the action will be done in the future.
e.g.: I will be going to the movies tomorrow.
2, for an action in progress at specific time in the future.
e.g. : when you come out of school tomorrow, I’ll be boarding a plane.
3, for something to see as new, different or temporary.
e.g.: Today are taking the bus but next week we’ll be taking the train .
4,can be used to project our selves in to the future.
e.g.: This time next week I will be sun-bathing in bail.
5, can be used to ask politely for information about the future.
e.g.: will you bringing your friend to the party to night.
the future continuous tense is often confused with the simple future tense, there are some key
differences between the two. The future continuous tense is usually used with a specified period
of time, whereas the simple future tense can be used with or without an exact time.

The future continuous tense also shows more certainty than the simple future tense does. We use
the future continuous tense for actions we know will happen, but we use the simple future tense
for actions that are less likely.

Future continuous (certain): They will be promoting me to manager on Friday.

Simple future (uncertain): They will promote me to manager one day.

Therefore, we classified the 4 tenses by active and passive

ACTIVE AND PASIVE

Active: when the subject of a sentence is the action and the object receiver the action
Passive: when the subject of the sentence received the action or an action happened on it
ACTIVE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSES
The simple future tense is used to refer to actions or states that begin and end in the
future. These events have not happened yet, but will happen sometime in the future:  I will
meet her at the mall.  You will call me tomorrow. The Structures of Simple Future Tense :
Subject + will + V1 (First Form of Verb)
In general, we use the simple future tense for several different reasons. Here are some
of the common reasons this tense is used. 1. Often, we use the simple future tense to make
predictions or guesses about the
future. These can be confident predictions or more uncertain ones.  He said it will rain
tomorrow.  I think our team will win the baseball game. 2. We can also use the simple future
tense to ask questions about the future.  Will she become a doctor one day?
 Will you come to the party tonight?
3. We can also use the simple future tense to express factual statements about the
future.
 It will be a leap year next year.
 This expensive soap will cost us more money.
4. We use the simple future tense to consider future possibilities or conditions.
 If I fail this test, my parents will take away my phone.
 She will only go to the party if her sister goes with her.
5. Finally, we can use the simple future tense to make commands.
 You will turn in your term paper on time, or else you will fail this class.
 Sometimes, the word will is swapped with the word shall in the simple future tense. This form
is not commonly used in regular writing and speech in English. Shall is
most often used in formal writing or legal documents and court orders.  You shall receive the
package by tomorrow.
 Shall we dance together?
 There is another form of the simple future tense that is used mostly in casual writing
or speech. When speaking casually, we may form the simple future tense by using
the following method:
 The verb be + going to + the root of the verb

 When using this form, we conjugate the verb be so it agrees with the subject of the
sentence. Check out these example sentences that use this casual form of the
simple future tense.
 I am going to do my homework later.
 My aunt is going to perform the surgery.
The sentence structure changes when used in the affirmative(positive), negative, interrogative
and negative interrogative format:
1. Affirmative = Subject + will + V1 + the rest of the sentence
e.g : - I will read the newspaper from tomorrow. 2. Negative = Subject + Will not/Won’t + V1 +
the rest of the sentence
e.g : - I will not read the newspaper from tomorrow. 3. Interrogative = Will + Subject + V1 + the
rest of the sentence
e.g : - Will I read the newspaper from tomorrow?
4. Negative interrogative = Will + Subject + not + V1 + the rest of the
e.g : - Will I not read the newspaper from tomorrow
PASSIVE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
The passive simple future form is constructed using the auxiliary verb “will” or ”shall” followed
by the past participate of the main verb .
The general structure of the passive simple future is:
Subject+ will or shall + be+ past participate
The passive simple future has the following functions:
1. Describing future actions: The passive future tense is used to describe actions that will happen
in the future, without specifying who will perform the action.
Example: The new building will be constructed next year.
2. Expressing predictions: Passive future tense can also be used to make predictions about future
events.
Example: The movie will be a huge success at the box office.
3. Reporting future events: When reporting or summarizing future events, the passive future
tense is commonly used.
Example: The meeting will be held on Monday.
4. Indicating intentions or plans: The passive future tense can be used to express intentions or
plans for the future.
Example: The project will be completed by the end of the month.
5. Giving instructions or directions: Passive future tense can be used to give instructions or
directions for future actions.
Example: The package will be delivered to your doorstep tomorrow.
Note: In all these examples, the focus is on the action or event happening in the future, rather
than who is performing the action.
ACTIVE FUTURE CONTINOUS TENSE
Future continuous tense in active form is used to describe an action that will be ongoing at a
future point in time. It is formed by using "will be" + present participle of the verb.
s + will/shall + be + v-ing
Here are examples in affirmative, negative, interrogative, and negative interrogative forms:
1. Affirmative:
- They will be studying for their exams this time next week.
2. Negative:
- She will not be working on the project tomorrow morning.
3. Interrogative:
- Will you be attending the conference next month?
4. Negative Interrogative:
- Will they not be celebrating the event next Friday?
PASSIVE FUTURE CONTINOUS TENSE
The Future Continuous tense in passive form is used to describe an ongoing action that will be
happening to the subject at a future point in time. It is formed by using "will be" + being + past
participle of the verb.
S + will/shall + be + being + v3
Here are examples in affirmative, negative, interrogative, and negative interrogative forms:
1. Affirmative:
- The project will be being completed by the team next week.
2. Negative:
- The house will not be being painted by the contractors tomorrow.
3. Interrogative:
- Will the presentation be being given by you at the meeting?
4. Negative Interrogative:
- Will the event not be being organized by the volunteers next month?
ACTIVE FUTURE PERFECT
The future perfect tense is used to talk about an action that will be completed before a specific
time in the future. It emphasizes the completion aspect, highlighting that something will
definitely be finished by a certain point.
 structure: will have + past participle of the verb
 Formula: Subject + will + have + past participle verb + rest of sentence
Examples:
 By next week, I will have finished painting my room. (The painting will be done by
next week.)
The future perfect tense in active voice is used to talk about actions that will be completed before
a specific time in the future. Here's the breakdown:
Structure:
Subject + will + have + past participle of the main verb + (object)
Examples:
 I will have finished this report by tomorrow. (Subject: I, action: finished, object:
report ,completed before tomorrow
PASSIVE FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
•This verb tense is used to describe an action that will have been completed by a certain point in
the future.
•Emphasizes the completion of the action, rather than just the future occurrence
•Often used with time expressions like “by the time”, “by next week”, “by the end of the year”,
etc.
•The passive future perfect tense is formed using the following structure:
Will + have + been + past participle
For example:
“By the end of the year, the report will have been completed by the team.”
In this sentence, “will have been completed” is the passive future perfect tense, indicating that
the action of completing the report will be finished by the end of the year.
Affirmative: By next month, the report will have been submitted by the team.
Negative: By next month, the report will not have been submitted by the team.
Interrogative: Will the report have been submitted by the team by next month?
Negative Interrogative: Will the report not have been submitted by the team by next month?

Some other examples:

“The house will have been built by the time we move in.”
“All the preparations will have been made before the guests arrive.”
“The project will have been reviewed by the board before the final decision is made.”
•The key things to remember about the passive future perfect tense are:
1. It describes an action that will be completed in the future, from the perspective of a future
point in time.
2. It uses the construction “will have been” plus the past participle.
3. It emphasizes that the action will be finished by a certain future point, rather than just
occurring in the future.
ACTIVE FUTURE PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE
The future perfect continuous tense in active form is used to describe an ongoing action that will
be completed in the future. It is formed by using "will have been" followed by the present
participle (-ing form) of the main verb.
Affirmative:
Subject + will have been + present participle
Example:
I will have been studying for 3 hours by the time you arrive.

Negative:
Subject + will not have been + present participle
Example:
She will not have been working here for a year by next month.
Interrogative:
Will + subject + have been + present participle?
Example:
Will they have been living in this city for 10 years by next summer?
Negative Interrogative:
Will not + subject + have been + present participle?
Example:
Won't he have been playing football for a long time by the end of the match?
PASSIVE FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
The future perfect continuous tense in passive form is used to describe an action that will have
been in progress for a specific duration before a certain point in the future. This tense is
particularly useful when describing ongoing actions that will have been happening for a certain
amount of time before a specific point in the future.
Structure:
Subject (receiver of the action) + will have been + being + past participle (of the main verb)
Breakdown:
Subject: This is the recipient of the action being described.
"will have been": This auxiliary verb combination indicates a future state resulting from an
ongoing action.
"being": This auxiliary verb emphasizes the continuous nature of the action.
Past Participle: This form of the main verb signifies the specific action being done.
Here are examples in Positive, negative , interrogative and negative interrogative forms:
Positive
- The new medicine will have been being tested for several years before it's released.
Negative
- The climate change conference will not have been being held for a week by the time the world
leaders arrive.
Interrogative
- When will this manuscript have been being translated for a full year?
Negative interrogative
- Won't this bridge have been being repaired for months by the time the traffic season starts?
(Focuses on the possibility that the repairs might not be complete)
Why Use It?

Emphasis on Duration: This tense shines when you want to emphasize the extended period an
action will have been ongoing by a specific future point.
CONCLUSION
the future tense enables communication about future occurrences, providing a way to convey
information about what is expected or intended to happen at a later time.