1' 1'1 21 jk ishjfia mdi,(-

21 jk ishjfia mdi,a moaO;sh l%shd;aulùu ms<n

s | y÷kd.;a lreKq rdYshls' ta wkqj ish¿u mdi,aj,g
iudk wjia:d ,ndoSu ;=<ska wOHdmk l%shdj,shg jákdlula ,ndoSug yelshdj ,efí'
WodyrK jYfhka .;fyd;a osjhsfka iEu mdi,lu .=re ;=,kh lsrSu ;=<ska .=re ysÕh j,lajd .ekSfuka
foudmshka ;u mdi, .ek úYajdihlska orejka mdi,a tùug lghq;= lrhs' tfuka u fN!;sl iïm;a fnod
yerSfï oS mdi,a fNaohlska f;drj fnoSu ;=<ska iEu orefjl=gu iudk wjia:d ,nd oSug yelsfõ'
tfuka u mj;sk cd;sl mdi,a j,g wu;r j ;j;a cd;sl mdi,a 1200la y÷kajd oSug .;a ;SrKh ;=<ska
foudmshkaf.a m%Yak rdYshlg ms<;
s =re ,efí'
WodyrK jYfhka .;fyd;a oekg mj;sk cd;sl mdi,a j,g isiqka jeä m%udKhla b,a¨ lrk w;r foudmshka
;=< ta i|yd oeä ;r.ldrS njla we;s ù ;sfí' óg fya;=j iEu j¾.hl u mdi,a i|yd we;s myiqlïj, oeä
úIu;djhhs' tfuka u 5 fY%aKsh YsIH;aj úNd.fhka iu;a j 6 fY%aKsh i|yd cd;sl mdi,a j,g we;=<;a
lr.kq ,nkafka 22]l m%udKhls' fï ksid orejka mdi,a j,g we;=<;a lsrf S ï oS 1"6"12 fY%aKs i|yd fyd|
mdi,la ,nd .ekSug fkdyelsùu ksid foudmshka ;=< oeä l,lsru S ÿre lsru
S i|yd rgmqrd úisrS hk wdldrhg
cd;sl mdi,a cd,hla we;s lsruS {dkdkaú; l%shdjls' ta ;=<ska Y%S ,xldfõ isiqkaf.ka 70]l m%udKhlg 6 jk
fY%aKsfha oS cd;sl mdi,lg we;=¿õug wjia:dj ,efí' óg wu;rj wfkla orejka 30] i|yd wfkl=;a mdi,a
j,g iudk wjia:d iy iudk fN!;sl iïm;a jeä oshqKq lsru S g fhdackd lrk w;r ta ;=<ska iEu orejl=f.au
oCI;d li,;d wkqj wNfhda. J,g uqyqK oSug yelshdj ,nd osh yelsh'fuka u m%d:ñl mdi,a j,ska 90]la
cd;sl mdi,a j,g taldnoaaO lsruS ;=<ska m%d:ñl wxYfha ixj¾Okhg iDcq n,mEula we;s l< yelsh'
WodyrK jYfhka iEu orefjl=g u iu wjia:d ,ndoSu ;=<ska úúO uÜgfï mdi,aj, ixj¾Okh jk mrs.Kl
úoHd.dr ;=<ska mrs.Kl idCIr;dj j¾Okh lsru S g;a" ;dCKsl úoHd.dr ixj¾Okh lsrf S uka ;dCIKsl
wxYhg reÑhla olajk orejkag ;udf.a reÑl;ajh wkqj úIh fCIa;% f;dard.ekSug yelsùu;a" mdi,a
l%svdx.K jeä oshqKq lsrSu ;=<ska l%svd oCI;d we;s orejka úúO l%Svd fCI;% Tiafia oshqKqùu;a" l%shdYS,s ore
mrmqrla ìys lsrSug yelsùu;a fmkajd osh yelsh'
ta wkqj mdi, jkdys Y%S ,dxlSh w.hka .re lrk ks¾udKYS,S iunr fm!reIhka foaYSh;ajh w.h lrk
úYaùh ^f,dalhu ch.kakd & mqrjeishl= ìys lsru
S i|yd m%Odk;u ld¾hh lrk uQ,ia:dkhhs'
21 jk ishjfia mka;s ldurh
YsIHhd bf.kqï ld¾hfhys fhfok m%Odk;u ia:dkh mka;s ldurhhs' YsIHhdg th m%shckl ia:dkhla
fkdjqjfyd;a tieKska u wOHdmk m%;sixialrKj, wfmaCId ì| jefÜ'ta wkqj 21jk ishjfia bf.k .kakd
orejka i|yd mka;s ldurh ie,iqï lsrf
S ï oS ie<ls,u
s ;aúh hq;= lreKq rdYshls'
ta wkqj isiqkg
a m%sh ukdm mka;s ldurhla i|yd mka;s ldurh kùlrKh lsru S g fuka u b.ekaùu yd bf.kSu
jeä oshqKq l< hq;=h' tys oS wdik ilia lsrf
S ï isg kj;u ;dCIK taldnoaO lsru S olajd mka;s ldur jeä
oshqKq lsru
S l< yelsh' mka;s ldur ilia lsrf S ï taldldrS l%ufõohla ke;' ;u mdi,g .e<fmk mrsos ;u
mka;s ldurhg .e<fmk u foa f;dard.; yelsh'
21 jk ishjfia mka;s ldurhl ie,iqï úh hq;= ,CIK rdYshls' ta w;r
 p;=¾úO l%shd ldrlï l%shd;auljk ia:dkhlaùu'
 mrs.Kl"úoHd".Ks; l=i,;d j¾Okh lrk ia:dkhla njg m;a lsru
S '
 f.da,h
S wNsfhda.hka ch.ekSug fhduq lrjk ia:dkhlaùu'
 jD;a;Sh l=i,;d j¾Okh lrk ;eklaùu'
 b.ekaùï fkdlrk bf.kSug u.mdok ;eklaùu'
 ;dCIKsl WmlrK iys; iy ;dCIKsl WmlrK Ndú;hg u. fmkajk ;eklaùu'
 kuHYS,S bf.kqï mrsirhla iys; ùu'
kùk mka;s ldurhla ks¾udKh lsrf S ï oS fuh b;du meyeos,s úi÷ula úh yelsh' mka;s ldurhg ;dCIKh
we;=<;a lsru
S bf.kSu jvd;a m%shckl"úfkdaodYaul yd is;a.kakd iq¿ ia:dkhla njg m;a l< yels w;r
YsIHhkag j¾;udkhg yd wkd.;hg .e<fmk oCI;d"l=i,;d ,ndoSug WmldrSfõ' WodyrK jYfhka
NdId bf.kqu"wCIr úkHdYh bf.kqu" fyda .Ks; l%u bf.kSu i|yd myiqfjka Ndú;d l< yels
ud¾..; bf.kqï iïm;a .Kkdjla ,ndosh yelsh'
kuHYS,S bf.kqï mrsirhla ilia lsrfS ï oS wdik iys; fyda wdik rys; mka;s ldurhla
ielish hq;af;a bf.kqu ,nk wdldrh wkqjhs'w;S;fha isg mej; wd iudka;r fma<s iys; fvia mqgq weiqreï
l%uh fjkqjg úl,am l%u Ndú;d l< yelsh' tfuka u fvia mqgq rys; mka;s ldur fyda t<suyk fhdod
.ekSfuka m%dfhda.sl l%shdldrlï id¾:l f,i l< yelsh' bf.kqï b.ekakï q l%shdj,sfha oS fN!;sl mrsirh
fjkia lsru
S ;=<ska wdl¾YkSh bf.kqï b.ekakï q l%shdj,shlg m%úIaG úh yelsh'
21 jk ishjfia .=rejrhd
bf.kqï b.ekakï q ld¾hfha oS jeo.;a u ld¾hNdrhla bgqlrkq ,nkafka .=rejrhd úisks' tfuka u Tyq fyda
weh myiqlï i,ikakd f,i ie<lSu jvd WÑ;h' tla tla .=rejrhd ;ud W.kajk úIh oekqñka mrsmQ¾K
úh hq;=h' ;j;a wdldrhlg mjif;d;a oekqfï W,am; njg m;aúh hq;=h' 21 jk ishjfia oS wOHdmk{hkaf.a
N+ñldj úldYkh ù we;s w;r ta ;=<ska orejd oekqu fidhkakl= njg m;a lr we;' ta wkqj kj wOHdmk
ixl,amj, uQ,ls ixl,amhka bf.kSug bf.k .ekSug wjYH fuj,ï fidhd.ekSug osrs .ekaùu ;=<k s a
.=rejrhd myiqlï i,ikakl= njg m;a ù we;'
ta wkqj .=rejrhd
 idïm%odhsl .=rejrfhl= fjkqjg kj ;dCIKsl WmlrK Ndú;d lrñka lghq;= lrkakl= ùu'
 YsIHhdf.a .uka u. ksjeros lrkakd f,i lghq;= lsru
S '
 oekqï iudchla lrd hdug uÕ fmkajkakdh'
 oekqu wd¾:slhla lrd hdug uÕ fmkaùu .=rejrhdf.a ld¾hhls'
 .=rejrhd rsheÿrl= fkdúh hq;= w;r rsh mojkakdg uÕ fmkajk ud¾f.damfoaYlhl= úh hq;=hs'
 .=Kd;aul M,odhs bf.kqï l%Shdj,shlg orejka wj;S¾K lrùug iu;a úYsIaG .=rejrfhls'
 wkd.; jev f,dalhg iqÿiq orejl= j¾;udkfha ìys lsru S g iu;ajkakl= ùu'
ta wkqj .=rejrhd jkdys YsIHhdg oekqï iudchla lrd hdug u.fmkajk" ´kEu fohlg wkqj¾;kh
úh yels yelshdjla kj oekqu hdj;ald,Sk lr.kakd we;af;ls' tfia u j¾;udk f,dalfha .=rejrfhl=ùu
i|yd mdi, ;=< l%shd;aul jk" iEu úg u fjkiajk fuj,ï yd fjkialï j,g wkq.;jkafkls'
WodyrK f,i iaud¾Ü fnda¾â Ndú;h" geí,Ü" mrs.Kl Ndú;h oelaúh yelsh'
ta wkqj .=rejrhd hkq ´kEu orefjla fjkia l< yels W;a;rS;r ñksfils' tfiau
mqyqKqlrefjla"wOHdmk{fhla"rÕolajkafkla"iïnkaêldrljrfhla"iqjm;a
lrkafkla"úOdhlfhla"mrSCIljrfhla wdoS N+ñld rdYshla ksfhdackh lrkafkls' Tyq i;=j oi fm!reI
.;s ,CIK we;'
21 jk ishjfia úÿy,am;sjrhd
 mrsirhg wdorh lrk foaYh S ;ajhg .re lrk f.da,hS wjYH;d y÷kd.;a kQ;k /lshd
fj<|m, úiska b,a,d isák Y%u n,ldhg tlaúh yels úYsIag udkj iïm;a ìys lsru
S g
kdhl;ajh oshyels oCI úÿy,am;sjrfhl=ùu'
 iunr wOHdmk l%shdj,shla mdi, ;+< fhdod .ekSu i|yd ie,iqï lrkakfkl= ùu'
 mdi, ;ksj bosrhs g f.k hd fkdyels neúka mdi, yd m%cdj iïnkaO lrk mqrella ùu'
 .=rejrekag we;sjk úIh yd úIh ndysr .eg¿ úi|d .ekSu i|yd ueosy;alrejl= f,i
lghq;= lrkafkl=ùu'
 oCI mrsmd,lhl= f,io" oCI l<ukdlrejl= f,io" ksjeros ;SrK .kakl= f,io"il%Sh ijka
fokafkl= f,io" m%uqL;d l<ukdlrKh lrkakl= f,io" N+ñld rdYshla ksfhdackh lrkafkls'
 w;S;h y÷kdf.k id¾:l wkd.;hlg mshjrke.Sug myiqlï i,ikafklaùu'
 hq.hg irs,kfia fjkiaùug leu;s"wNHka;r wëCIK l%uj;a lrkafkls'
21 jk ishjfia úIhud,dj
 kj úIhud,dj ;=<ska f;dr;=re ;dCIKsl n,mEu yd fuj,ï Ndú;hg jeä bvla we;s lsru S '
;=<ska orejkga oekqu imsrs f,dalhlg fodr újr lr oSug yels ù we;'
 ;dCIKsl myiqlï ;=<ska nyqúO nqoê a h Tma kexúug yelsùu' ta ;=<ska ;sridr cd;sl
ixj¾Okh i|yd l%shdldrS mqrjeisfhla ìys lsru S g yelsfõ' WodyrK jYfhka ksIamdok
l%shdj,shg M,odhs whqrks a il%Shj ueosy;ajkafkl= ìys lsru
S '
 kj úIh ud,dj ;=<ska ;dCIKh Ndú;d l< yels l=i,;d yd ld¾h idOk j,ska msrm s k
q a jev
f,dalh ch.; yels ks¾udKYS,S" úpCIKYS,S nqoaê q h iys; .eg¿ úi|Sfï yelshdj we;s
mqrjeisfhl= ìys fõ'
 tfuka u jHjidhlhl= iy jHjidhl;aj udkisl;ajhla we;s mqo. a ,hl= odhdo lsru S i|yd
fl%äÜ iuÕ fmrg hk fudähq, l%uhla y÷kajd oS ;sîu b;d jeo.;a fõ' ta ;=<k s a ;sridr
cd;sl ixj¾Okhg Wrfok udkj m%d.a Okhla ìys lsru S g yelshdj ,efí'
 mdi,a ixialD;sh mdi,a úIhud,dj ;=<ska l%shdjg kexùu fya;=fjka Wmka rgg wdorh lrk
f.!rj lrk foaYfm%añ mqrjeisfhl= ìysùu' tfuka u iudchg hym;a ukqIHfhl= odhdo
lsruS ;a" i;=áka isák mjq,l idudcslfhla ke;fyd;a udkj iïnkaO;d w.h lrk mqo. a ,fhl=
ìys lsru S ;a isÿfõ'
21 jk ishjfia YsIHhd
 ks¾
s udKYS,s;ajh iy kfjda;amdokh iys; wkd.; wjYH;djhka imqrd .ekSug wjYH uDÿ
l=i,;d"cSjk l=i,;d iy wka;¾ mqo. a , l=i,;d j,ska msrms k
q a YsIHfhl= ùu'
 ;dCIKsl idCIr;d j,ska msrms k
q a" ;dCIKsl fuj,ï Ndú;fhka mka;s ldurfha fuka u" mka;s
ldurfhka msg;oS;a wúêu;a bf.kSug fhduq jkafkl= ùu'
 idCIr;djh fuka u cSjk l=i,;d fyì orejl= ìysjk w;r ;sridr cd;sl ixj¾Okh yd ;sridr
iduh i|yd lem jQ m%{dj yd idrO¾uj,ska msrm s k
q a mqrjeishl= ùu'
 wkd.; f,dalhg irs,k prs; ixj¾Okfhka hqla; l%shdYS,S kj ks¾udK ìys lrk w;ayod
n,kafkl= ùu'
 úhqla; Ñka;kh ;=<ska .eg¿ úi|d .ksñka" Ñ;a;fõ. iunr;djhlska hqla; f.da,h S mqrjeishl=
ùu'
 fi!LH iïmkak" ffO¾hjka;" wNsfhda. ch .ekSfï yelshdj we;s" Okd;aul is;=ú,s j,ska hqla;"
wkd.; jev f,dalh ch.;yels flfkl=ùu'
 cSú; ld,h mqrdu bf.k .kakd" ;ud cSj;ajk iudcfha mj;sk úúO ixialD;Ska f;areïf.k Bg
.e<fmk f,i cSj;afjñka wfkHdkH iyfhda.s;djh mj;ajd .kakd mqo. a ,fhl=ùu'
1'2' y;rjk ld¾ñl úma,jh iy thg .e<fmk YsIHhd mdi,a wOHdmkfhka ìys lsru
S i|yd .; hq;=
l%shd ud¾.
osfkka osk oshqKqfjñka mj;akd f;dr;=re yd ikakfs õok ;dCIKh u; mokï jQ f,dalh kj ld¾ñl
úma,jfha ;j;a hq.gla fj; .uka lrñka mj;S'fuh y;rjk ld¾ñl úma,jh f,i y÷kajkq ,nhs' lD;%su
nqoê
a h" hdka;%sl bf.kqu"iajhxl%shlrKhiy frdfnda ;dCIKh mokï fldg.;a f.da,h S wd¾:slfha
fjkiaùu fï iuÕ iïnkaOj mj;S’ fïjd ish,a, äcsg,a ;dCIKh u; mokï j we;s w;r 4 jk ld¾ñl
úma,jhg odhl jQ äcsg,a ixj¾Ok uQ,l s dx. 3la olakg ,efí'tajd kï w.hodu äcsg,a lrKh"NdKav yd
fiajd iïmdokh iy kj jHjyrsl wdlD;s fõ'fïjd ;=<k s a .Kqfokq lrejkag <Õdùu isÿfõ'
ta wkqj 4 jk ld¾ñl úma,jhg .e<fmk whqrks a YsIHdhd yg mdi,a wOHdmkh ilia úh hq;=h'ta i|yd
iqÿiq fhdackd fï whqrk
s a oelaúh yelsh'
 bf.k .kakd w;r u jev lsru S g;a" jev lrk w;r;=r bf.k .ekSug;a ld,h t<U we;s neúka
mdi, ;=<ska jev f,dalh iy wOHdmkh w;r in|;d fmkajd oS wjia:d ks¾udKh lr oSu'
 21jk ishjig .e<fmk mrsos mdi, ;=<ska jD;a;Shy d cSjk li,;d kfjda;amdol bf.kqï wjia:d
fuka u bf.kqï yelshd iy äcsg,a idCIr;djh orejdg ,nd oSu'
 kùk ;dCIKh yd úoHdj ms<n s | oekqj;a orejka mdi, ;=<ska ìys lsru
S yd hym;a foaj,a i|yd
muKla tu oekqu mrsyrKhg wdl,am we;s lsru S ' WodyrK f,i iajhxl%sh fuj,ï Ndú;d lsru S yd
ksmoùu'
 YsIHhdf.a ld¾ñl {dkh jeä oshqKq lrñka ihsn¾ wjldYh iuÕ .Kqfokq lsru S g yels msri s la
ìys lsru
S '
 ;%sudKlrKh ms<n s | oekqula ,nd osh hq;= w;r /lshd lsrf
S ï wjYH;dj yd jeo.;alu ms<n s |
jegySula we;s lrñka wjYH oCI;d yd l=i,;d ms<sn| yeÕSula we;s lrùu'
 4 jk ld¾ñl úma,jh;a iu. thg uqyqK oSug u,hdishdj";dhs,ka;h"úhÜkduh"ms,m s k
S h"n%iS,h
yd fulaisfldaj jeks rgj,a mQ¾j ie,iqï ilia l< wdldrh meyeos,s lr oS wm o thg wkq.;
úhhq;= nj wjfndaO lrùu'

2' 21 jk ishjfia .=re WmfoaYl N+ñldj yd ld¾hNdrh

 jD;a;Sh oekqu hdj;ald,Sk lr .ksñka" úIh oekqñka ikakoaO ùu yd kj m%jK;d ms<n s |j
úuis,us ;a úh hq;=h'
 kj wOHdmk m%;sixialrK l%shd;aul lsru S g wod< j l,dmh ;=< wod< .=re Nj;=kayg wjYH
oekqu ,ndoSu' tysoS .=rejrhd úIh w;ska iún, .ekaúh hq;=h' tfuka u .=rejrhd uqyqKmdk
úIh .eg¿ wju lr.ekSug ueosy;a úh hq;=h'
 jD;a;Sh oekqu hdj;ald,Sk lr.ekSu i|yd wjYH fjkiajk wOHdmk ixl,am y÷kajdoSu'
 úIhhg wod< .=rejrekaf.a yelshd yd ixj¾Ok wjia:d ms<n s | j y÷kd.; hq;=h' tys oS
.=rejrhd i;= ieÕjqKq Yla;Ska y÷kdf.k Tm uÜgï l< hq;= w;r ÿ¾j,;d y÷kdf.k
m%;sfmdaIKh l< hq;=h'
 .=rejrhdg kj ;dCIKsl oekqu ,nd osh hq;= w;r kj fuj,ï Ndú;d lsru S g uÕ fmkaúh
hq;=h'
 idïm%odhsl .=rejrfhl= fkdù lghq;= lsru S g uÕ fmkajñka .=re úkh ;yjqre lr.ekSug
uÕmdod oshhq;=h'
 úIh uÜgñka fN!;sl yd udkj iïm;a fnoS hdu ms<n
s | o;a; ;nd .; hq;= w;r
mdi,"l,dmh yd m<d; w;r iïnkaëlrK lghq;= isÿ l< hq;=h'
 úIhg wod< .eg¿ y÷kdf.k l,dmh" m<d; ;=< isák wod< ks<OdrSka yd iïnkaO ù úi|sh
hq;=h'
 l,dmh ;=< ndysr wëCIK lghq;= i|yd wod< ks,Odrskg
a iyh úh hq;= w;r mdi,a kshuk
lghq;= l< hq;=h'