INDUSTRI HIJAU

Oleh
Sarto
PSPPI FT UGM
Bahan baku (RM)
INDUSTRI Produk (P)
Bahan penolong (Proses : Fisika,
Air
Kimia, Biologi) Produk
Energi RM →P+L samping.

Limbah (L)
Kosumen
Pengolah
SDA Sampah

Lingkungan
L→SDA

The earth … is a living system; it functions not just like an organism but
actually seems to be an organism (Fritjof Capra, 1982)
t> →P.K, L> Adakah cara untuk mencapai keberlanjutan dengan
→SDA< Tetap mencari keuntungan kompetitif ?
 • Pollution control was an after-
the event, ‘react and treat’
approach.
• Cleaner production is a
proactive, ‘anticipate and
prevent philosophy’.
• Prevention is, as is well known,
always better than cure.

How clean is clean ?

How green is green ?
How clean is green ?
Seberapa besar penurunan limbah yang perlu diperjuangkan ?
1. Sampai nol (Zerro waste) ➔ simbiosis industri
2. Menurut hukum termodinamika kita hanya bisa memperpanjang, tetapi tidak
mencegah, tak dapat dihindari bahwa pertumbuhan entropi yang
menyebabkan rusaknya bahan menjadi limbah.

The US Office of Technology reported to the Congress that :

“By considering pollution prevention separately from other
manufacturing needs, such as productivity and quality
improvements, most pollution prevention programs fail to develop
the vital synergies and working relationships with manufacturers
that are essential to drive both pollution prevention and
manufacturing competitiveness”
Eco-efficient :
Corporations that achieve ever more efficiency while preventing pollution
through good housekeeping, materials substitution, cleaner technologies, and
cleaner products and that strive for more efficient use and recovery of resources
 Industri Hijau
Peraturan Menteri Perindustrian Nomor 51/M-IND/PER/6/2015 Tahun 2015

industri yang dalam proses produksinya mengutamakan upaya

efisiensi dan efektivitas penggunaan sumber daya secara
berkelanjutan, sehingga mampu menyelaraskan pembangunan
industri dengan kelestarian fungsi lingkungan hidup serta dapat
memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat

Manila Declaration on Green

Industry

Business as Usual (BAU) Green Business (3→5 R)

 Pengertian Produksi Bersih

Suatu strategi pengelolaan lingkungan (What) yang

bersifat preventif & terpadu (How) yang perlu diterapkan
secara terus menerus (When) pada proses produksi &
daur hidup produk (Whom) dengan tujuan untuk
mengurangi resiko terhadap manusia & lingkungan (Why)

Konsep PB : integrasi
1) productivity improvement
2) environmental protection
.
 Cleaner Production

is a Preventive Integrated Environmental Policy

applied to the entire Production and Service cycle

Products: Processes:
•Reduction of waste •Conservation of raw materials, Services:
through better design energy, water •Efficient environmental
•Use of waste for •Reduction of emission at source management in design
new products •Evaluation of technology option and delivery
•Reduction of costs and risks

Impacts:
✓Improved efficiency
✓Better environmental performance
✓Increased competitive advantage
Penilaian PB di Industri
 Prosedur Penilaian
1) Identifikasi
sumber
2) Mendiagnosis
penyebab
3) Mengembangkan
pilihan solusi

Skala :
1. Makro : ekologi industri
2. Meso : Industri
3. Mikro : unit proses
 Teknik Produksi Bersih

Pengurangan Sumber Pencemar Daur Ulang

Pengubahan Produk Pengendalian Penggunaan Pengambilan Kembali

•Penggantian produk di Sumber Kembali Diproses untuk :
•Penghematan produk Pencemar •Pengembalian ke •Mendapatkan
•Pengubahan komposisi Proses asal kembali bahan asal
•Penggantian BB •Memperoleh produk
untuk Proses lain samping

Pengubahan Bahan Masuk Pengubahan Teknologi Tata Cara Operasi :

•Penggantian Bahan •Pengubahan Proses •Tindakan-tindakan Prosedural
•Pemurnian Bahan •Pengubahan Tata Letak, •Pencegahan Kehilangan
Peralatan atau Perpipaan •Sistem Manajemen
•Otomasi Peralatan •Pemisahan Aliran Limbah
•Pengubahan Tatanan •Peningkatan Penanganan Bahan
dan Kondisi Operasi •Penjadualan Produksi
 A=40 H=40
A=80 A=80 A→H+R R=40
K=20 H=40
50% (P,T) A=40
R=40
K=20

A=16
A=80 A=80 A→H+R R=64
H=64

K=20 80% (P,T) H=64

A=16
R=64
K=20

A=20 H=80
A=80 A=100 A→H+R R=80
K=20 80% (P,T) H=80

K=20 R=80
A=20 Hs1=80
Hs2=20
 Kemira Statoil heat Greenhouse
sulfur
(sulfuric acid) (oil refinery)
gas District
water
heating
Steam Gas CW WW
heat
Lake Tissa Gyproc
Asnaes (Coal-fired electric gypsum (gypsum
(freshwater
water power generating station) wallboard
source)
plant)

water Steam heat

Fly ash
Fish farming

Novo Nordisk Cement and road

Fertilizer (pharmaceutical plant)
sludge

Industrial Ecosystem in Kalunborg Denmark

 Corporate Environmental Responsibility
Anticipating the coming information and rethinking
corporate roles on a large scale-the relationships to
others firms, to customers and to society and the planet
as a whole-can help companies to survive and thrive as
agents of sustainable development

The Evolutionary Ladder

1. Problem Solving
2. Managing for Compliance
3. Managing for Assurance
4. Managing for Eco-efficiency
5. Fully Integrated
 Design for Enviroment Information
Infrastructure
Human Interface

Structure Options & Query response

Outcomes
& data criteria
& strategy

Dynamic Market Model Financial

results
Activity
levels Decision
Product
& Life-cycle Assessment Model
Resource
Analysis
usage
Process
Release
Database Model
levels
Health
Multi-media Environmental Model Impacts
 Referensi
1. Allen, D.T. and Rosselot, K.S., 1997, ”Pollution Prevention for Chemical
Processes”, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York.
2. Allen, D.T. and Shonnard, D.R., 2002, “Green Engineering :
Environmentally Concious Design of Chemical Processes”, Prentice Hall
PTR, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
3. Anastas, P.P., and Warner, J.C., 1998, “Green Chemistry : Theory and
Practice”, Oxford University Pers Inc, New York.
4. Curran, M.A., 1996, “Environmental Life-Cycle Assessment”, McGrawHill
Book Company, New York.
5. DeVito, S.C. and Garret, R.L., 1996, “Designing Safer Chemicals”,
American Chemical Society, Washington.
6. Fiksel, J., 1996, Design for Environment, McGraw-Hill, New York.
7. Peraturan Menteri Perindustrian Nomor 51/M-IND/PER/6/2015 Tahun
2015