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    Finite Element Method

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    4 Reg.No.:[ | | Question Paper Code : 90076 B.E/B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATIONS, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2022 Sixth Semester Aeronautical Engineering AE 8601 — FINITE ELEMENT METHODS (Common to : Aerospace Engineering) (Regulations 2017) ‘Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks Answer ALL questions, PART A — (10 x 2= 20 marks) 1 Name any two types of weighted residual methods in solving boundary value problems, 2. Why do you need convergence criteria in FEM? 3. How is the deformation of a three-dimensional truss member determined in FEM? 4, Draw the shape functions of a quadratic bar element. 5. What is a CST element? Why is it called so? 6. Give one example each for plane stress and plane strain problems, 7. Draw a general nine-node quadrilateral isoparametric finite element. 8. In the 1-D Gauss quadrature integration, if the number of sampling point tequired is one, what would’be the location of that sampling point and value of the weight factor? 9. _ In torsional problems, what are the degree of freedom? 10. Write a short note on the elimination method. PART B — (6 x 13 = 65 marks) 11. (@) (@ Whatis the least squares method? Why is it called so? CO) (i) Find the weak form for the following strong form, , 0< x <1, subject to u(0)=u(l)=0. (9) Or (>) @ How do you get the functional in applying the Rayleigh-Ritz method in aolving problems of structural mechanics? () Gi) _ Consider a uniform rod subjected to a uniform axial load as shown below. Write the governing differential equation and boundary conditions for the given problem. Assuming a trial solution and minimizing the residue, find a solution for the given problem. (9) + ____ Go q 12. (a) An axial load of 200 kN is applied on the stepped bar as shown below. Determine the nodal displacements, stresses in each material and the reaction forces at the supports. (as) ee Aluminum Steel Ay = 2400mm? Ay = 600mm? E,=70x10°N/m? EB, = 200x10°N/m* Or (b) 13. (@) () 14, (a) (b) A tapered rod is subjected to a body force f=x°N/m! acting in the #-direction and also a point load P= 2 N as shown below. Using Rayleigh- Ritz method, with a quadratic assumed field, or the finite element method, determine the expressions for displacement field. (15) force, pe ‘Thickness = 0.2 m, £ = 50 Nim? Derive the element stiffness matrix for a constant strain triangular clement. (13) Or Determine the deflection at the point of load application using a one- element model for the configuration shown below. (13) 90N 2 (0,25) se as 1 (35, 25) 25mm 1=8mm E = 69900 MPa v=03 3 Derive all shape functions for eight-node quadrilateral finite element, 3) Or @ What are the natural coordinates? Demonstrate its usefulness in finite element method. (6) Gi) Briefly explain the consistent load vectors for a 2D elastic ze (ii) Write notes on numerical integration, @ 3 90076 15. (@) () 16. (a) (b) () — Explain the solution of the torsion problem using the finite element method (6) (ii) Solution of torsion problem using FEM. O) Or Explain in detail about the various pre-processing and post-processing steps involved in any finite element analysis software package, What are the errors involved? (13) PART C — (1x 15 = 15 marks) For the beam element shown below, determine the slope and deflection at the midpoint of the distributed load. (15) 12 KN/m A tapered cylinder that is perfectly insulated on its periphery is held at constant temperature 100°C at x = 0 and at 30°C at x = 10cm, The cylinder diameter varies from 5 cm to 2 cm as shown in Figure below. ‘The conductance coefficient is 100 Wim-K, Determine the temperature of a point lying along the axis of the bar at x= 8 cm. Also, determine the heat flux at the boundaries using finite element method. (13) }}-__—20 em = ‘WA Ut poxoprsuoo so: Jo eaaanos ox) 3N0 36 ‘urorqord youtsays ut porfdde wopoay Jo aoasop ouyo {OUI 19f worosoxdxo smnyeapenb WEISENLD ax UMOP EEA dquouroye suyoureredoss uw oF 6444 LST tory ywaraypp wwoUOTD J.S9 © 6 MOET ‘woygord evans ured pu wrens ured uaonyoq yoInsiunsic, uonoury edeys ee paen stjessued are epermousyod Au {siuauta[o ureoq pue 20q wooayoq souasaHTp oteeg OF) SF EH, eva UY sousB0xN09 £q quBoME oF LeyA, “spoujjaus enprsau payysrom sayy Aue woRUEy, (pew oz =z «0D —vauva ‘suonsonb “TTY sameury eseur 9OT : umameyy (e102 suonemsoyy @uzs0urdug soedsoxoy 19} uourmeg) ‘SCOHIAIN LNGING'Ta SLLINIA 1098 av, Suuoursug peomneuosay smsowg wats ‘8200 AVAVTRIAY ‘SNOLLVNINVYS Saad “Aare 98006 : 8pop todeg wonsen® or emoy oom, : aug, "suonrptios Azepunog snotsea ox urE[dxa uv syezenq] quomeje 299 euotss0) 20} woRENDD IMoMIa[S oyUy ostieg, 20, va et © 2 @ 13, ‘nits slement method, ‘A simply supported beam supported to uniformly distributed load over span and itis subjected to a point load at the centre of the span. fe the bending moment and deflection at midpan by using sigh ~ Rite method and compare with extaet solution, ent Cal Ra Determine the nodal displacement and element stresses for axially loaded bar shown in the Fig.1 pet termine the deflection and slope of the cantilever beam forthe loading conditions as shown in Fig. 2, E= 200 GPa, h = 4 x 104 P=24kNim Evaluate the stifiness matrix for the triangular element having the {global coordinates, A (20, 20), B (80, 30), C (60, 20). The coordinates are given in units of millimeters. Assume plane stresa condition. Take ‘Young's Modulus E = 210 GPa, Poisso = 0.25 and thickness t= 10mm, or 0.05 = =m, U)= 0 mm, Ws= 0 mm. The co-ordinat Fig-3 + {A four noded quadrilateral clement has nodes placed at xy coordinates as P(4, 1), QO, 2), R(B, 12) and S(6, 8). Derive the strain displacement matrix at r =~0.57735 and s = 0.573 sing isoparametric concept. or (@) Derive the shape funetion of an eight node quadrilateral element and represent them graphically. ‘An iron rod of length 400 mm, diameter 10 mm and thermal conductivity 65 Wn°C is attached to a large tank at a temperature of 330°C. The rod is dissipating heat by convection into ambient air at 30°C with a heat transfer coofficiont of 17 Win®C. Determine the temperature di stimate the temperature at a point 300 mm from the rbution or point P (1, 1.6) inside the triangular element 18 A (0, 0), B (2,0) and C (1, 2). The nodal temperatures are given as Ts = 40°C, Tx = 34°C and Te = 46°C, Also determine the location of the 42°C contour line forthe triangular element. 3 50086 95 Reg.No.: [| | : [ Question Paper Code : 20035 B.EV/B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2018. ‘Sixth Semester Aeronautical Engineering AE 6601 = FINITE ELEMENT METHODS (Regulations 2013) Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks Answer ALL questions. : PART A—(10x 2=20 marks) State the principle of minimum potential energy. Why is variational formulation referred to as weak formulation? Idealize a bar element of varying section for finite element method. With a help of sketch;.show how two bars can form a simple truss, Give one example each for plane stress and plane strain problems. Differentiate CST and LST elements. Write the shape functions of eight node quadrilateral element. SAP 7 Pw wm What are the advantages of Gauss quadrature iumerical integration for isoparametric element? 9... What is steady state heat trarisfer and write its governing equation? 10. Name a few FEA packages. PART B ~ (5 x.13= 65 marks) 11. (@) For the differential equation - ral 5 3] +0 for 0 PART C—(1x 15 = 15 marks) 16. (a) Determine the shape functions for a tetrahedron element shown in Fig. 16 (a). Further, explain the method of finding shape function for a hexahedral element. (15) Fig. 16 (a) Or (b) Determine strain-displacement matrix [B] of two CST elements of the propped beam shown in Fig. 16. (b). Idealize the beam into two CST elements as shown in the figure. Assume plane stress condition. (15) Fig. 16 (b) 6 : 52534 lof im nanm nes. No: [| efile LJ Question Paper Code : 42034 B.E/B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL/MAY : 2018 | Sixth Semester . Aeronautical Engineering AE 2351 - FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (Regulations 2008) 6) (8) Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 Marks Answer ALL questions PART-A (10%2=20 Marks) . Define stiffness coefficient and flexibility coefficient. State the principle involved in the Galerkin method. po . Write down the expression for shape functions for a bar element with two nodes, wo (5) (8) Write down the stiffness matrix for a plane truss element, s . Define plane stress and plane strain with examples, a ©) . Explain why triangular element with three nodes is defined as constant strain triangular element. 2 (8) ns Define isoparametric element. @ Why Gauss integration scheme are used to evaluate element matrices, (5) Write down 1-D the element matrices due to conduction and convection. © 10. Write down the element load vector for 1-D-heat transfer problem, PART-B : . (6%16=80 Marks) i (8) ks) a) A beam of length L and uniform section is simply supported at its.ends and subjected to uniformly distributed load of intensity qo throughout the length of the beam. Compute the maximum deflection and maximum bending moment using Rayleigh-Ritz method. (OR) { b) Derive the governing equations for finite element, method using. peieucaal | approach. List down the convergence criteria required for the finite element metHod. 11. ]08 | 42084 : CANN 12; a).A bar ABCD of length 1500 mm is fixed at its ends. The segment AB is made ‘ of bronze for which 5 GPa, length is 750 mm and area is 2400 mm?, The’ material of segment BC is aluminum.and the modulus of elasticity B, = 70 GPa. The length and area of BC are 500 mm and 1200 mm? respectively. The length of CD is 250 mm and its area is 600 mm?. ‘The material of CD is steel and the modulus of elasticity is 200 GPa. An axial load of 60 KN is applied at B acting towards left and a load of 100 kN is applied at C acting towards left. Compute the stresses developed in the three segments of the bar. (OR) A beam AB of uniform section and length 10 m is fixed at its ends. The beam is subjected to uniformly distribute load of intensity 20 kN/m over the entire } | length of the beam. Also it is subjected to load of 60 kN at the center of the beam. Determine the slope and deflection at the centre of the beam by considering two elements. E = 210 GPa and second moment of area of the beam section is 5000 cm4. b) 13. a) Derive the shape function expressions for a constant strain triangular element and derive the strain displacement matrix for the same. (OR) b). Derive the shape function expressions for linear strain triangular element and obtain the strain-displacement matrix. . 14, a) Derive theshape function expressions for an isoparametric element with four nodes and hence obtain the strain-displacement matrix. (OR) b). An isoparametric element with eight nodes is subjected to varying traction along the edge 1-5-2. Derive. the element nodal load, vector and simplify the same uniform traction: The corner nodes wre 1, 2, 3 and 4. Nodes 5, 6, 7 and 8 are the mid side nodes 1-2, 2-3, 3-4 and 4-1 respectively. 15. a) A composite wall consists of three materials. The left extreme surface is | subjected to convection with convective heat transfer coefficient as 25 Wim? and surrounding temperature is 800° C. The first material from left has its | conductivity 20 W/m? C and its thickness is 0.3 m. The next material has its » conductivity 30 W/m? C and its thickness is 0.15 m. The third material (right most) has its conductivity 50 W/m? C and its thickness is 0.15 m. The surface temperature on the right most material is 20°C. Assume area of heat conduction is 1 m®, Determine the temperature distribution across the composite wall. ; (OR) ‘b) The left end of a fin of length 9 cm is kept at a température of 100° C, The conductivity of the fin material is 5 W/em-° C and the convective heat transfer _ coefficient is 0.5 W/em?.°C: The temperature of air passing over the fin surface | is 20° C. The cross section of the fin is rectangle of width 5 cm and thickness 2enh. Neglecting convection over the end cross section and using three elements estimate the temperature distribution along the length of the fin. (MAU Tim 108% i Reg. No. | LT] ts ea Question Paper Code : 52081 7 16) | B-E/B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017 (16)4 Sixth Semester f Aeronautical Engineering (16) AE 2351 — FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (Regulations 2008) a, ime: Three Hours Maximum : 100 Marks Answer ALL questions PART-A (10x2=20 Marks) |. What is meant by approximation ? .. Define natural boundary condition. L . What are complex elements ? Give an example. | . State any two applications of beam element. . Write down the stiffness matrix for a beam element. (16) J. Illustrate the plane stress and plane strain with suitable example. . State use of shape functions. a . What are the isoparametric elements ? (16) 79. What are the limitations of finite element analysis ? “JO. Distinguish between “h” and “p” refinement. (16) PART-B (6x16=80 Marks) . a) The differential equation of a physical phenomenon is given by (16) ‘ . SS + 500s! =0,0

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