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Psychology and Your Life with P.O.W.E.R Learning, 4e (Feldman)

Chapter 1 Introduction to Psychology
1) Psychology is defined as
A) an intuition-based approach to study human behavior.
B) a system of ideas that may be used to justify behavior.
C) the study of mental disorders and their treatment.
D) the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
Answer: D
Difficulty: 1 Easy Page Ref: 4
Topic: Definition of Psychology
Learning Objective: 1.1: Define the science of psychology.
Bloom's: Remember
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
2) Psychologists ________ to describe, predict, and explain human behavior and mental
processes, as well as help to change and improve the lives of people and the world in which they
live.
A) use scientific methods
B) use their intuition
C) rely on historical linguistics
D) study the flow of matter
Answer: A
Difficulty: 2 Medium Page Ref: 4
Topic: Scientific Method; Definition of Psychology
Bloom's: Understand
APA Outcome: 2.1: Use scientific reasoning to interpret psychological phenomena
1
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No reproduction or distribution without the prior written onsent of McGraw-Hill Education.
3) Which of the following is an example of a question being answered using the scientific
method?
A) When asked if violent video games have any impact on a gamer, Dr. Farnworth replies that
there is substantial empirical evidence to suggest a change in the gamer's physiology.
B) When asked if mood influences prosocial behavior, Dr. Hotchner replies that he believes it
does.
C) When asked if addiction is a disease or a choice, Smith replies that he knows many addicts
and he feels that they have a disease.
D) When asked if an old dog can be taught new tricks, Rick replies, "I taught my 10-year-old
shepherd to fetch a ball, so yes, you can teach an old dog new tricks."
Answer: A
Difficulty: 3 Hard Page Ref: 4
Topic: Scientific Method; Definition of Psychology
Bloom's: Apply
APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology; 2.1: Use scientific reasoning to
interpret psychological phenomena
4) Dr. Alvarez studies how the degeneration of certain components of nerve cells in the brain
might contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis. Dr. Alvarez's work best exemplifies
the ________ subfield of psychology.
A) cognitive
B) program evaluation
C) developmental
D) behavioral neuroscience
Answer: D
Difficulty: 3 Hard Page Ref: 4-5
Topic: Subfields of Psychology
Learning Objective: 1.2: Describe the subfields of psychology.
Bloom's: Apply
APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains; 1.3:
Describe applications of psychology
2
5) Which of the following branches of psychology studies the processes of sensing, perceiving,
learning, and thinking about the world?
A) behavioral neuroscience
B) developmental psychology
C) experimental psychology
D) health psychology
Answer: C
Bloom's: Remember
APA Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
6) Which of the following subfields of psychology is correctly defined?

A) Behavioral neuroscience examines the relationship between the nervous system and behavior.
B) Cognitive psychology examines how people grow and change from conception through death.
C) Experimental psychology studies the inheritance of traits related to behavior.
D) Clinical psychology studies the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking about
the world.
Answer: A
Difficulty: 1 Easy Page Ref: 4-6
Bloom's: Remember
7) Which of the following subfields of psychology is correctly matched with its sample topic?
A) Behavioral neuroscience: the influence of chronic stress on physical health
B) Developmental psychology: the effectiveness of drug therapy for obsessive-compulsive
disorder
C) Cognitive psychology: the influence of an event on people's thinking
D) Health psychology: the role that frustration plays in producing aggression
Answer: C
Difficulty: 2 Medium Page Ref: 4-7
Bloom's: Understand
3
8) Identify a true statement about cognitive psychology.
A) Cognitive psychologists focus on the origin of psychological disorders in biological factors.
B) Cognitive psychologists may be asked to examine people accused of crimes.
C) Cognitive psychology is a subspecialty under experimental psychology.
D) Cognitive psychology includes experimental psychology as a subfield.
Answer: C
Bloom's: Understand
9) Why is the term "experimental psychologist" considered somewhat misleading?

A) Psychologists in every subfield use experimental methods.
B) The term is no longer in existence.
C) Most psychological topics are not suited to experimental study.
D) Experimental methods are only appropriate for the study of the biological bases of behavior.
Answer: A
Bloom's: Understand
10) ________ focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning,
problem solving, judging, decision making, and language.
A) Developmental psychology
B) Personality psychology
C) Clinical psychology
D) Cognitive psychology
Answer: D
Bloom's: Remember
4
11) Which of the following statements defines developmental psychology?
A) It focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems.
B) It studies how people grow and change from the moment of conception through death.
C) It focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning, problem
solving, judging, decision making, and language.
D) It deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders.
Answer: B
Bloom's: Remember
12) Which of the following correctly defines personality psychology?

B) It focuses on the consistency in people's behavior over time and the traits that differentiate
one person from another.
C) It focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning, problem
solving, judging, decision making, and language.
D) It deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders.
Answer: B
Bloom's: Remember
5
13) Dr. Chen studies how people grow and change during late adolescence and young adulthood.
Dr. Doherty focuses on several traits that distinguish one person from another. Which of the
following is likely to be true in the context of this scenario?
A) Dr. Chen is a personality psychologist, whereas Dr. Doherty is a developmental psychologist.
B) Dr. Chen is likely to be a behavioral geneticist, whereas Dr. Doherty is likely to be an
evolutionary psychologist.
C) Dr. Chen is likely to be a developmental psychologist, whereas Dr. Doherty is likely to be a
personality psychologist.
D) Dr. Chen is a clinical psychologist, whereas Dr. Doherty is a counseling psychologist.
Answer: C
Topic: Profession of Psychology; Subfields of Psychology
Bloom's: Apply
14) Dr. Ebrahim studies the changes in peer relationships among children through the elementary
and middle-school years. Dr. Ebrahim is a(n) ________ psychologist.
A) counseling
B) evolutionary
C) forensic
D) developmental
Answer: D
Bloom's: Apply
6
15) Which branch of psychology explores the relationship between psychological factors and
physical ailments or diseases?
A) developmental psychology
B) health psychology
C) forensic psychology
D) clinical neuropsychology
Answer: B
Bloom's: Remember
16) Enterprise City has been hit hard by a recent economic downturn. Local psychologists are
holding a public workshop to help the citizens cope with the adversity. Dr. Kurutz is outlining
strategies to help adults who have been laid off avoid overeating and the use of drugs or alcohol.
Dr. Kurutz is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.
A) health
B) cross-cultural
C) developmental
D) counseling
Answer: A
Bloom's: Apply
7
17) How do clinical psychologists and counseling psychologists differ?
A) Clinical psychologists can only diagnose psychological disorders, as opposed to counseling
psychologists who can diagnose and treat psychological disorders.
B) Clinical psychologists have a PhD or an MD degree, whereas counseling psychologists have a
PsyD degree.
C) Counseling psychologists deal with problems that are more specific than the problems with
which clinical psychologists deal.
D) Counseling psychologists may specialize in forensic psychology, whereas clinical
psychologists do not have the opportunity to specialize.
Answer: C
Bloom's: Understand
APA Outcome: 5.1: Apply psychological content and skills to career goals
18) Identify the statement that correctly describes social psychology.

B) It deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders.
C) It investigates the similarities and differences in psychological functioning in and across
various cultures and ethnic groups.
D) It studies how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others.
Answer: D
Bloom's: Remember
19) Which of the following is one of the three newer branches of psychology's family tree?
A) counseling psychology
B) personality psychology
C) environmental psychology
D) clinical neuropsychology
Answer: D
Bloom's: Remember
8
20) Dr. Lin and Dr. Marino study obesity. Dr. Lin relates the likelihood of obesity to the levels of
the trait of neuroticism—the tendency to experience upsetting emotions. Dr. Marino relates
obesity to the frequency with which individuals eat alone; with family members; or in the
presence of larger groups of friends, acquaintances, or strangers. In the scenario, which of the
following statements is most likely to be true?
A) Dr. Marino is a social psychologist.
B) Dr. Lin is a social psychologist.
C) Dr. Marino is a personality psychologist.
D) Dr. Lin is a behavioral psychologist.
Answer: A
Bloom's: Apply
21) Evolutionary psychology is the study of how

A) behavior is influenced by ancestral genetic inheritance.
B) physical characteristics have a genetic basis.
C) thoughts and behaviors are influenced by the structure of the brain.
D) personality traits and social behavior vary across cultures.
Answer: A
Topic: Profession of Psychology; Evolutionary Psychology
Bloom's: Remember
9
22) Which of the following subfields of psychology is correctly described?
A) Evolutionary psychology focuses on the biological mechanisms that enable inherited behavior
to unfold.
B) Behavioral genetics considers how our behavior is influenced by our genetic inheritance from
our ancestors.
C) Clinical neuropsychology focuses on the origin of psychological disorders in biological
factors.
D) Cross-cultural psychology examines the genetic basis of behavioral disorders.
Answer: C
Bloom's: Remember
23) Dr. Hart investigates how depressive disorders are related to the levels of serotonin in the
brain. Dr. Hart's research falls within the field of
A) clinical neuropsychology.
B) environmental psychology.
C) cognitive psychology.
D) health psychology.
Answer: A
Bloom's: Apply
24) How is the diversity of psychology limited in the United States?

A) Racial and ethnic minorities are underrepresented among psychologists.
B) The majority of psychologists are male.
C) Male psychologists lag behind in terms of salaries and high-status positions within the field.
D) The primary jobs for psychologists are limited to teaching and research.
Answer: A
Topic: Profession of Psychology
Learning Objective: 1.3: List the major specialties for working in the field of psychology.
Bloom's: Understand
APA Outcome: 2.5: Incorporate sociocultural factors in scientific inquiry
10
25) In comparison with a PsyD (doctor of psychology), a PhD (doctor of philosophy)
A) requires a medical degree.
B) requires a dissertation based on an original investigation.
C) is earned by fewer people.
D) is obtained by psychologists focusing exclusively on treating psychological disorders.
Answer: B
Topic: Profession of Psychology
Learning Objective: 1.3: List the major specialties for working in the field of psychology.
Bloom's: Understand
APA Outcome: 5.1: Apply psychological content and skills to career goals
26) The field of phrenology is associated with

A) Franz Josef Gall.
B) Wilhelm Wundt.
C) René Descartes.
D) Hermann Ebbinghaus.
Answer: A
Topic: History of Psychology
Learning Objective: 2.1: Explain the roots of psychology.
Bloom's: Remember
27) The formal beginning of psychology is associated with

A) Wilhelm Wundt.
B) Franz Josef Gall.
C) René Descartes.
D) Hermann Ebbinghaus.
Answer: A
Bloom's: Remember
11
28) Dr. Leleux asserts that psychologists should attempt to identify the fundamental attributes of
mental experience. Dr. Leleux is most likely following a perspective in psychology known as
A) functionalism.
B) determinism.
C) structuralism.
D) gestalt psychology.
Answer: C
Topic: Structuralism
Bloom's: Apply
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology;
1.3: Describe applications of psychology
29) ________ is a procedure used to study the structure of the mind in which subjects are asked
to describe in detail what they are experiencing when they are exposed to a stimulus.
A) Inner perception
B) Introspection
C) Internal observation
D) Intervention
Answer: B
Bloom's: Remember
30) Which of the following led psychologists to challenge the structuralism perspective?
A) Introspection was confirmed by an outside observer.
B) Structuralism did not focus on the fundamental components of the mind.
C) Structuralists made use of unethical forms of measurements during experiments.
D) Introspection was not a truly scientific technique.
Answer: D
Bloom's: Understand
12
31) ________ is an early approach to psychology that concentrated on what the mind does and
the role of behavior in allowing people to adapt to their environments.
A) Structuralism
B) Functionalism
C) Introspection
D) Gestalt psychology
Answer: B
Topic: Functionalism
Bloom's: Remember
32) Identify a true statement about functionalism.

A) It was derived from the notion of survival of the fittest.
B) It involved the use of introspection to understand the structure of the mind.
C) It focused on the role of behavior in allowing people to adapt to their environments.
D) It was first suggested by William Wundt in 1879.
Answer: C
Bloom's: Remember
33) In the context of the psychology of emotion, William James would be most interested in
A) how unconscious memories contribute to an individual's emotional experience.
B) the basic nature of an emotional feeling or experience.
C) how behavior aids an individual's adaptation to the environment.
D) the organization of perception and thinking into meaningful wholes.
Answer: C
Bloom's: Apply
13
34) Which of the following approaches to psychology proposed that "the whole is different than
the sum of the parts"?
A) forensic psychology
B) functionalism
C) structuralism
D) gestalt psychology
Answer: D
Topic: Approaches to Psychology
Bloom's: Remember
35) Gestalt psychologists made substantial contributions to the understanding of

A) memory.
B) perception.
C) emotion.
D) motivation.
Answer: B
Bloom's: Remember
36) Which of the following perspectives is correctly matched with its description?
A) structuralism: emphasizes what the mind does
B) functionalism: emphasizes the elements of mental experience
C) humanism: emphasizes the unconscious determinants of behavior
D) gestalt psychology: emphasizes the organization of perception
Answer: D
Topic: Humanistic Approach; Functionalism; Structuralism; Approaches to Psychology
Bloom's: Remember
14
37) Which of the following female psychologists is correctly matched with her achievement?
A) June Etta: the first female president of the American Psychological Association
B) Mary Calkins: the first woman to head a psychology department at a state university
C) Leta Stetter Hollingworth: the founder of the American Journal of Psychoanalysis
D) Margaret Floy Washburn: the first woman to receive a doctorate in psychology
Answer: D
Bloom's: Understand
38) The approach that views behavior from the perspective of the brain, the nervous system, and
other biological functions is known as the ________ perspective.
A) psychodynamic
B) nature-nurture
C) cognitive
D) neuroscience
Answer: D
Learning Objective: 2.2: Discuss today's perspectives on psychology.
Bloom's: Remember
39) Which of the following is true of the neuroscience perspective of psychology?

A) The neuroscience perspective has little appeal because every behavior ultimately can be
broken down into its biological components.
B) Proponents of the neuroscience perspective rejected psychology's early emphasis on the
internal workings of the mind.
C) The origins of the neuroscience perspective are linked to Sigmund Freud.
D) The neuroscience perspective includes the study of heredity and evolution, which considers
how heredity may influence behavior.
Answer: D
Bloom's: Understand
15
40) Noreen asserts that human behavior is motivated by inner forces about which individuals
have little awareness or control. This viewpoint is most consistent with the ________ perspective
of psychology.
A) psychodynamic
B) humanistic
C) structuralist
D) neuroscience
Answer: A
Topic: Psychodynamic Approach
Bloom's: Apply
41) Penny is a recovering drug addict. Her treatment program emphasizes the influence of her
environment—people, places, and things—on the use of drugs. Her program reflects the
________ perspective of psychology.
A) psychodynamic
B) behavioral
C) cognitive
D) neuroscience
Answer: B
Topic: Behavioral Approach
Bloom's: Apply
16
42) Dr. Greenway argues that psychology should focus on individual actions and conduct that
can be observed and measured. Dr. Cech is a strong proponent of the idea that psychology should
study how people think about and understand the world. Which of the following options
correctly identifies their respective perspectives?
A) Dr. Greenway adheres to the behavioral perspective, and Dr. Cech adheres to the cognitive
perspective.
B) Dr. Greenway adheres to the cognitive perspective, and Dr. Cech adheres to the behavioral
perspective.
C) Dr. Greenway adheres to the behavioral perspective, and Dr. Cech adheres to the humanistic
perspective.
D) Dr. Greenway adheres to the psychodynamic perspective, and Dr. Cech adheres to the
humanistic perspective.
Answer: A
Topic: Cognitive Approach; Behavioral Approach
Bloom's: Apply
43) The emphasis of the humanistic perspective is on

A) free will.
B) environmental determinism.
C) natural selection.
D) unconscious motives.
Answer: A
Topic: Humanistic Approach
Bloom's: Remember
17
44) Dr. Petrovic tries to help his clients see how their behavior reflects the choices they make.
He is most likely a ________ psychologist.
A) psychodynamic
B) behavioral
C) humanistic
D) gestalt
Answer: C
Topic: Humanistic Approach
Bloom's: Apply
45) Dr. Quinone studies the achievement motivation of junior high school students. He asserts
that such motivation mainly reflects the parenting and educational practices the students have
experienced. In the context of key issues in the field of psychology, which of the following ideas
does Dr. Quinone's support?
A) the idea that nature influences individual behavior
B) the idea that nurture influence individual behavior
C) the idea that internal mental processes shape observable behavior
D) the idea that unconscious factors determine observable behavior
Answer: B
Topic: Key issues and controversies
Learning Objective: 2.4: Summarize psychology's key issues and controversies.
Bloom's: Apply
18
46) ________ is the idea that people's behavior is produced primarily by factors outside of their
willful control.
A) Naturism
B) Vigilantism
C) Determinism
D) Factualism
Answer: C
Bloom's: Remember
47) Individual differences are to universal principles as the ________ perspective is to the
________ perspective.
A) neuroscience; humanistic
B) cognitive; behavioral
C) humanistic; neuroscience
D) behavioral; cognitive
Answer: C
Bloom's: Remember
48) The approach through which psychologists systematically acquire knowledge and
understanding about behavior and other phenomena of interest is called the
A) trial-and-error method.
B) informed speculation method.
C) scientific method.
D) educated guessing method.
Answer: C
Topic: Scientific Method
Learning Objective: 3.1: Define the scientific method, and list the steps involved.
Bloom's: Remember
APA Outcome: 2.4: Interpret, design, and conduct basic psychological research
19
49) Which of the following sequences correctly arranges the steps in the scientific method from
first to last?
A) identify question of interest → formulate explanation → carry out research → communicate
findings
B) carry out research → formulate explanation → identify question of interest → communicate
findings
C) identify question of interest → carry out research → formulate explanation → communicate
findings
D) carry out research → identify question of interest → formulate explanation → communicate
findings
Answer: A
Bloom's: Remember
50) Which of the following scenarios describes the last step in the scientific method?
A) Anaya is developing a hypothesis to test a theory for her thesis.
B) Colt is trying to find a topic for his research paper.
C) Federico is publishing his research findings in a peer-reviewed journal.
D) Ashley is conducting a literature survey to identify credible sources of information.
Answer: C
Bloom's: Apply
APA Outcome: 2.4: Interpret, design, and conduct basic psychological research; 1.3: Describe
applications of psychology
51) ________ are broad explanations and predictions concerning observations of interest.
A) Theories
B) Hypotheses
C) Introspections
D) Suppositions
Answer: A
Topic: Theories
Bloom's: Remember
20
52) In the context of the scientific method, the development of a hypothesis occurs when
A) formulating an explanation.
B) identifying questions of interest.
C) communicating the findings.
D) carrying out research designed to support or refute an explanation.
Answer: A
Bloom's: Understand
53) In the context of theories, which of the following is a true statement?

A) Theories provide a framework to understand the relationships among a set of otherwise
unorganized facts.
B) Theories are translations of hypotheses into specific, testable procedures that can be measured
and observed in an experiment.
C) Theories help test the underlying soundness of hypotheses.
D) Theories are predictions stated in a way that allow them to be tested.
Answer: A
Topic: Theories
Bloom's: Understand
54) A hypothesis is best defined as a

A) prediction, stemming from a theory, stated in a way that allows it to be tested.
B) variable that is specified on the basis of the procedures that will be used to measure it.
C) broad and general explanation of a phenomenon of interest.
D) procedure in which subjects are asked to describe in detail what they are experiencing when
exposed to a stimulus.
Answer: A
Topic: Hypotheses
Bloom's: Remember
21
55) When asked to define "popularity," Brianna offers, "It's when everyone likes you." Chrissy
suggests, "It's basically the number of friends you have." In the context of the descriptions
provided, which of the following is a true statement?
A) Chrissy's description of popularity exemplifies a theory.
B) Brianna's description of popularity is an introspection.
C) Brianna's description of popularity exemplifies a hypothesis.
D) Chrissy's description of popularity is an operational definition.
Answer: D
Bloom's: Apply
56) ________ is defined as a systematic inquiry aimed at the discovery of new knowledge.
A) Introspection
B) Critical thinking
C) Coherent observation
D) Research
Answer: D
Learning Objective: 3.2: Describe how psychologists use research to answer questions of
interest.
Bloom's: Remember
57) ________ is designed to systematically investigate a person, group, or patterns of behavior.

A) Descriptive research
B) Conceptual research
C) Applied research
D) Empirical research
Answer: A
Topic: Descriptive Research
Learning Objective: 3.3: Summarize the descriptive research method used by psychologists.
Bloom's: Remember
22
58) Research in which existing data, such as census documents, college records, and newspaper
clippings, are examined to test a hypothesis is known as
A) experimental research.
B) archival research.
C) naturalistic research.
D) a case study.
Answer: B
Topic: Archival Research; Descriptive Research
Bloom's: Remember
59) Dr. Carruthers is using crime statistics available in a federal database as part of a study.
Which of the following types of descriptive research is Dr. Carruthers conducting?
A) experimental manipulation
B) naturalistic observation
C) archival research
D) survey research
Answer: C
Topic: Archival Research; Descriptive Research
Bloom's: Apply
60) Evelyn, a psychology graduate, watches parent-child interactions in a park. She simply
records what she sees and does not introduce any change in the scenario. The research method
she uses is known as
A) naturalistic observation.
C) experimentation.
D) survey research.
Answer: A
Topic: Descriptive Research; Naturalistic Observation
Bloom's: Apply
23
61) Which of the following descriptive research methods is correctly matched with its
description?
A) Archival research: In-depth investigation is conducted of an individual.
B) Naturalistic observation: Behavior is investigated in the environment in which it typically
occurs, without intervention by the researcher.
C) Case study: A sample of people is asked a series of questions about their thoughts, attitudes,
or behaviors.
D) Survey research: Existing data are examined to test a hypothesis.
Answer: B
Difficulty: 1 Easy Page Ref: 26-27
Topic: Archival Research; Descriptive Research; Naturalistic Observation; Case Studies;
Survey Research
Bloom's: Remember
62) Which of the following descriptive research methods is correctly matched with its respective
advantage?
A) Archival research: the ability to infer with great accuracy how a larger group would respond,
even with a small sample
B) Naturalistic observation: examines behavior in the real world
C) Survey: inexpensive
D) Case study: the ability to make valid generalizations to a larger population
Answer: B
Topic: Descriptive Research; Naturalistic Observation
Bloom's: Understand
63) In the context of survey research, identify a true statement about a sample.
A) It is usually not representative of a broader population.
B) It comprises people chosen to represent a larger group of interest.
C) It should necessarily include less than 500 members.
D) It should not involve a random selection of participants.
Answer: B
Topic: Descriptive Research; Survey Research
Bloom's: Understand
24
64) Dr. Estevez prepares a set of questions to ask college students about their drinking behavior
and their attitudes toward alcohol. Dr. Estevez is conducting
A) survey research.
B) a case study.
C) an experimental manipulation.
D) archival research.
Answer: A
Topic: Descriptive Research; Case Studies
Bloom's: Apply
65) Dr. Gigliotti is conducting an in-depth, intensive investigation of a patient with dissociative
identity disorder (DID). He uses psychological tests and interviews to better understand the
patient. Dr. Gigliotti is conducting
A) survey research.
C) a case study.
D) naturalistic observation.
Answer: C
Topic: Descriptive Research; Case Studies
Bloom's: Apply
25
66) Behaviors, events, or other characteristics that can change, or vary, in some way are referred
to as
A) variables.
B) constants.
C) beliefs.
D) hypotheses.
Answer: A
Topic: Variables; Correlational Research
Bloom's: Remember
67) Correlational research is research in which

A) an investigator simply observes some naturally occurring behavior and does not make a
change in the situation.
B) people chosen to represent a larger population are asked a series of questions about their
behavior, thoughts, or attitudes.
C) the relationship between two sets of variables is examined to determine whether they are
associated.
D) existing data, such as census documents, college records, and newspaper clippings, are
examined to test a hypothesis.
Answer: C
Topic: Variables; Correlational Research
Bloom's: Remember
26
68) In the context of correlational research involving two variables, a positive correlation
indicates that
A) as the value of one variable increases, one can predict that the value of the other will also
increase.
B) as the value of one variable increases, one can predict that the value of the other will decrease.
C) little or no relationship exists between the two variables of interest.
D) of the two variables being studied, one causes the other.
Answer: A
Topic: Variables; Correlation; Correlational Research
Bloom's: Understand
69) Experimental research is to correlational research what ________ is to ________.

A) association; cause
B) description; prediction
C) cause; association
D) description; association
Answer: C
Topic: Descriptive Research; Experimental Research
Learning Objective: 3.3: Summarize the descriptive research method used by psychologists.;
3.4: Summarize the experimental research method used by psychologists.
Bloom's: Understand
70) Experimental research requires that the responses of ________ group(s) be compared.
A) at least one
B) at least five
C) at least two
D) at least three
Answer: C
Topic: Experimental Research
Learning Objective: 3.4: Summarize the experimental research method used by psychologists.
Bloom's: Remember
27
71) Experimental group is to control group what ________ is to ________.
A) special treatment; no treatment
B) no treatment; special treatment
C) independent variable; dependent variable
D) dependent variable; independent variable
Answer: A
Topic: Experimental Research; Experimental and Control Groups
Bloom's: Understand
72) Why are control groups included in experiments?

A) to determine whether two variables being investigated in an experiment are correlated
B) to rule out the idea that something other than experimental manipulation produced the
observed results in an experiment
C) to show that when two variables in an experiment are strongly correlated, they have a cause-
and-effect relationship
D) to ensure that participants are properly assigned to the groups in an experiment
Answer: B
Topic: Experimental Research; Experimental and Control Groups
Bloom's: Understand
73) In an experiment, the ________ variable is measured and is expected to change as a result of
changes caused by the experimenter's manipulation.
A) control
B) dependent
C) independent
D) experimental
Answer: B
Topic: Experimental Research; Variables
Bloom's: Remember
28
74) In an experiment, the independent variable is
A) applied to the control group.
B) randomized across groups.
C) measured by the researcher and is expected to change.
D) manipulated by the researcher.
Answer: D
Topic: Experimental Research; Variables
Bloom's: Remember
75) The purpose of random assignment to conditions is to

A) combine the results of a number of similar studies.
B) determine how likely it is that the results of a treatment were due to chance.
C) ensure there is an equal chance that participant characteristics will be distributed across the
various groups.
D) determine whether the dependent variable and the independent variable have a positive
correlation with each other.
Answer: C
Topic: Experimental Research; Random Assignment
Bloom's: Understand
76) Research that is conducted, sometimes using other procedures, settings, and groups of
participants, to increase confidence in prior findings is known as
A) replication.
C) naturalistic observation.
D) correlation.
Answer: A
Topic: Replicated Research
Bloom's: Remember
29
77) Before participating in an experiment, participants must sign a document affirming that they
have been told the basic outlines of the study and are aware of what their participation will
involve and what risks the experiment may hold. The document also gets participants to confirm
that their participation is purely voluntary and that they may terminate it at any time. To which
ethical principle of research does this refer?
A) informed consent
B) debriefing
C) introspection
D) significant outcome
Answer: A
Topic: Ethics
Learning Objective: 4.1: Explain the major ethical issues that confront psychologists
conducting research.
Bloom's: Remember
APA Outcome: 3.1: Apply ethical standards to evaluate psychological science and practice
78) Dr. O'Connor is telling his participants before he begins an experiment that their
participation is completely voluntary and that they can stop participating in the experiment at any
time. Dr. O'Connor is
A) debriefing his participants.
B) obtaining informed consent.
C) using introspection.
D) assuring confidentiality.
Answer: B
Topic: Ethics
Learning Objective: 4.1: Explain the major ethical issues that confront psychologists
conducting research.
Bloom's: Apply
APA Outcome: 3.1: Apply ethical standards to evaluate psychological science and practice; 1.3:
30
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The candidates being seated on the gunners’ seats, an officer of
the battery commands, for example:
1. Aiming point, the chimney on that white house.
2. Deflection, 440.
3. On No. 2 close 10.
At the last word of command for the deflection each man sets off
the deflection; applies the correction for deflection difference
appropriate for his piece; causes the trail to be shifted until the sight
is directed upon the aiming point; corrects for difference of level of
the wheels; raises or lowers the panoramic sight until the field of
view will include the aiming point; traverses the piece until the
vertical hair is on the aiming point; calls “Ready” and steps clear.
The trial being completed and the men again being seated, the
officer commands for example, in continuance of the assumed
situation:
1. Right, 120.
2. On No. 4, close 5.
At the last word of command for the deflection, each man operates
the sight and, if necessary, the trail as before; traverses the piece
until the vertical hair is on the aiming point; calls “Ready” and steps
clear.
The third and fourth trial is similarly conducted.
No credits will be given in the following cases:
1. If the sight is incorrectly set for the deflection or deflection
difference.
2. If, when the bubble of the cross level is accurately centered, the
vertical cross hair is found not to be on the aiming point.
3. If, at any time during the trial, the man has operated the
elevating device.
If the piece is found to be correctly laid within the limits prescribed,
credits will be given as follows:
Time in seconds, exactly, or less than18 20 21 22 23 24
Credits 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.3
Laying for Range.

Six trials, using the range quadrant.
The man being seated on the seat on the right side of the trail, an
officer of the battery commands, for example:
1. Site, 280.
2. 3400.
At the last word of the command, the man sets off the angle of
site; sets the quadrant for range; corrects for difference of level of
wheels; turns the elevating crank so as to center the range bubble;
calls “Ready” and steps clear.
No credits will be given in the following cases:
1. If the quadrant is incorrectly set for angle of site or range.
2. If no part of the bubble of the cross level is between the middle
two lines on the glass tube.
3. If there be found to be an error of more than 50 yards in laying
for any range less than 1,500 yards or more than 25 yards for any
equal range to or exceeding 1,500 yards.
If the piece is found to be correctly laid within the limits prescribed,
credits will be given as follows:
Credits 3.0 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.2 2
Fuse Setting.
12 Trials: 6 with the bracket fuse setter, 6 with the hand fuse
setter.
Drill cartridges with fuses in good order set at safety are placed as
in service. An officer of the battery commands, for example:
1. Corrector, 24.
2. 2700.
At the last word of the command for the corrector, in trials with the
bracket fuse setter, the man sets the fuse setter at the corrector, and,
as the data are received, at the range ordered, receives the cartridge
from an assistant, inserts its head in the instrument, sets the fuse
and calls “Ready.”
At the last word of the command for the corrector, in trials with
the hand fuse setter, the candidate sets the fuse setter at the
corrector, and, as the data are received at the range, ordered; with
the aid of an assistant, sets the fuse, and calls “Ready.”
No credits are given in the following cases:
1. If the fuse setter is incorrectly set for corrector or range.
2. If the candidate fails to obtain a correct fuse setting within one-
fifth of a second.
If the fuse setter is found to be correctly set and is properly
operated, credits are given as follows:
Credits 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0
Drill of the Gun Squad.

The subjects will embrace such parts of the following exercises (D.
and S. R. F. A.) as will thoroughly test the candidate’s familiarity with
the service of the piece: Formation of the gun squad (135, 138); to
form the gun squad (170-173); to tell off the gun squad (174); post of
the gun squads (175-177); to post the gun squad (178-179); posts of
the cannoneers, carriages limbered (180-182); to mount the
cannoneers (183-185); to dismount the cannoneers (186-187); to
change posts (189-190); to move by hand the carriages limbered
(191-192); to leave the park (204); action front (199); posts of the
cannoneers, carriages unlimbered but not prepared for action (188);
limber front and rear (202); action rear (200); limber rear (203); to
move by hand the carriages unlimbered (937); prepare for action
(938); march order (942); posts of the cannoneers, carriages
unlimbered and prepared for action (941); duties in detail of the
gunner (845-869); duties in detail of No. 1 (870-891); duties in detail
of No. 2 (892-901); duties in detail of No. 3 (902-911); duties in detail
of No. 4 (913-918); duties in detail of No. 5 (919-924); methods of
laying (985-988); and methods of fire (995-1008).
The questions will only cover the important parts covered in the
paragraphs above.
Materiel.
The examination of each candidate will be sufficiently extended to
test his familiarity with the use and care of the materiel of his
organization, and will be theoretical. The examination will be
conducted by questions on the following subjects: Nomenclature of
harness and of the parts and accessories of the wheeled materiel;
use of oils; method of cleaning and lubricating parts and
mechanisms; method of cleaning cylinder oil and of emptying and
filling cylinders; use of tools; the kinds of projectiles, of fuses, and of
powder actually issued for use, and their projectiles, of fuses, and of
powder actually issued for use, and their general purpose and effect,
omitting questions as to construction, weight, manufacture, and
technical description; the care and preservation of saddle and
harness equipment in use. Description of: breech mechanism, to
mount, to assemble; elevating screws, to dismount, to assemble;
hub liner, to remove, to assemble; brakes, piece and caisson, to
adjust; wheel, to remove, to replace.
Chevrons will be issued to those candidates who qualify and will
be worn as prescribed in orders.
DON’TS FOR CANNONEERS.
Don’ts for All Cannoneers:
—Sacrifice accuracy for speed.
—Guess at the data.
—Expose yourself.
—Let your attention be distracted.
—Make unnecessary moves.
—Talk.
Don’ts for Chief of Section:
—Forget that you are responsible for the work of your
squad.
—Fail to assist the gunner in laying on the aiming point.
—Say “Muzzle Right (left),” merely move your hand in
the direction you desire the trail shifted.
—Write down the data.
—Forget your proper pose, covering No. 3 opposite the
float.
—Forget to extend your arm vertically, fingers joined,
after the gunner has announced “Ready.”
—Fail to caution “With the Lanyard” for the first shot.
—Fail to look at both gunner and executive.
—Command “Fire;” merely drop your arm.
—Fail to designate who shall assist No. 2 when he is
unable to shift the trail.
—Forget to announce “Volley Complete.”
—Forget to select the individual Aiming Points for the
gunner.
—Forget to announce “No. (so & so) on Aiming Point,”
in reciprocal laying.
—Ever say “Range 3000,” merely “3000.”
Dont’s for Gunner:
—Forget to place the sight bracket cover in the left axle
seat.
—Forget to put the sight shank cover in the trail box.
—Forget to close the panoramic sight box, and fasten it
with your left hand.
—Forget to clamp the panoramic sight in its seat.
—Forget to close the ports in the shield.
—Forget to put your weight against the shoulder guard
while laying.
—Touch any adjustment after calling “Ready.”
—Forget to move your head from the panoramic sight
after calling “Ready.”
—Lean against the wheel.
—Fail to take up lost motion in the proper direction.
—Fail to watch the executive after calling “Ready.”
—Signal with your hand for movements of the trail.
—Fail to identify Aiming Points or Targets.
—Fail to secure hood on sight bracket.
—Say “Whoa” to No. 2 while the trail is being shifted.
Say “Trail Down.”
—Fail to lower the top shield at once at the command
“March Order.”
—Forget to relay vertical hair on A. P. at completion of
sweeping volley.
—Forget to set range 1000, deflection zero in “Fire at
Will.”
—Forget to say “Ready” just loud enough for the chief of
section to hear.
—Forget to chalk up the deflection on the main shield in
reciprocal laying.
—Forget to set site and level bubble (British).
—Forget to release the brake in trail shifts (British).
—Forget to count “1001, 1002” to preserve proper firing
interval.
Dont’s for Number 1:
—Touch the firing handle until you announce “Set.”
—Fire the piece with the right hand.
—Try to throw the drill cartridge over the float by jerking
the breech open.
—Slam the breech.
—Fail to level bubbles.
—Fail to set and release brake in trail shifts.
—Fail to look squarely at the scales of the quadrant.
—Fail to take up lost motion properly.
—Forget to close the quadrant box.
—Fire the piece until the command is given.
—Lean against the wheel.
—Forget to keep up with the range in direct laying.
—Forget to lower the top shield immediately at “March
Order.”
—Talk.
—Throw the breech cover on the ground.
—Fail to engage the handspike.
—Slam the apron.
—Put feet on the float.
—Wait for the command in shifts of 50 mils or more.
—Move the trail in a series of shifts.
—Fail to mark off 11 lines 50 mils apart at once on
taking your post.
—Fail to secure the breech cover.
—Fail to secure the handspike in “March Order.”
—Run between carriages.
—Fail to throw empty cartridge cases out of the way of
the cannoneers.
—Forget the tow and waste.
—Talk.
—Run between the carriages.
—Throw the muzzle cover on the ground.
—Throw the front sight cover on the ground.
—Slam the apron.
—Fail to see that fuze is set at safety at “March Order.”
—Fail to look directly down at the fuze setter while
adjusting scales.
—Take right hand from the corrector worm knob and left
from the range worm crank, during drill.
—Forget to set range zero in “Fire at Will.”
—Cross your legs.
—Forget to set each announced range regardless of the
kind of fire being used.
—Talk.
—Throw the fuze setter cover on the ground.
—Slam the apron.
—Forget to set the fuze at “Safety” in “March Order.”
—Fail to glance into the bore to get the alignment.
—Touch a round after inserting it in the breech.
—Fail to completely set each fuze.
—Forget to take the round from No. 5 from beneath in
percussion fire and from the top when the hand
fuze setter is used.
—Forget to say, “3200, 2, last round,” only loud enough
to reach the chief of section.
—Forget to secure the cover on the fuze setter.
—Attempt to move the caisson with the door open.
—Forget to set and release the caisson brake (Model
1902).
—Turn the round to the left after setting.
—Talk.
—Slam the apron.
—Attempt to move the caisson with the door open.
—Forget to put your left elbow on the outside of your left
knee in using the hand fuze setter.
—Forget to set the brake on the 1916 caisson.
—Throw the waterproof caps under your feet.
—Talk.
TRAINING GUN CREWS.

This article is not intended to cover all of the work of the gun crew,
it is intended merely to cover certain points sometimes lost sight of.
References are to the 3” gun, but any crew efficient in serving that
excellent weapon will have little trouble in mastering any other.
All refinements taught have but one prime object, that is accuracy
of fire. It is of no value to make atmospheric and velocity corrections
if still greater variations are constantly introduced by poor service of
the piece. The foundation of battery efficiency is well-trained gun
crews. Officers may be able to lay out orienting lines with the
greatest facility, may know the range tables in the dark, but it will
avail little if they cannot train men to apply properly and accurately
the data determined.
The safety of our own infantry and the effectiveness of our fire are
absolutely dependent on the continuous training of gun crews, and
the resultant precision and sureness with which they perform their
work. This can only be obtained by constant drill from the day the
recruit joins until the day of his discharge; not by long drills in which
he grows tired and loses interest, but by short periods broken by
instruction in other subjects; not by many hours one week and none
the next, but by a short period every day of the week. The best
gunners grow rusty in a very few days; constant short drills will give
results and are the secret of success. Every man must get
instructions every day, be he raw recruit or expert gunner.
Cannoneers should be taught that the greatest crime that can be
committed in laying the piece is to make an error—the only crime for
which there is no punishment. An error or mistake in the correct
service of the piece should not be punished, but it should be
carefully explained how the efficiency of the battery depends on
each member, and to insure that crime is not committed again,
additional hours of instruction beyond that required for the rest of the
crew will be necessary.
Every man must be on his toes from the time he comes in sight of
his gun, every movement at the piece must be at a run. Slow and
sleepy motions of one man will kill all the snap and energy of every
other member of the crew. Do not, however, confuse speed of
performing any given motion with hurry in execution of detail. For
example, the gunner must move with snap and energy in getting his
eye back to the sight and his hand on the traversing handwheel after
the piece is fired, but he must never be hurried in getting the vertical
wire exactly on the aiming point, or in making the ordered changes in
the deflection setting. Stop watches should not be used. They are a
fruitful cause of errors. Speed comes from continual practice and it
cannot be artificially attained by stop-watch timing. Do not
understand that speed is not desirable, it is highly desirable, but
practice alone will give it and it will nearly always be found that the
best-trained crew is the fastest crew. Competitions between crews
must be for accuracy, not speed. If every motion is made with a snap
and at a run the results as regards speed will be satisfactory.
The accuracy of fire is affected by brakes not being adjusted for
equal tension, by direction of recoil not being in line with the trail, by
No. 2 sitting on the handspike and shifting his weight after the
gunner has called “Ready;” by No. 1 jerking the firing handle; by the
gunner not keeping his shoulder against the guard; by elevating
cranks not being properly assembled; by sights and quadrants not
being properly adjusted or locked with means provided (this subject
deserves several pages); by variations in the amount of oil in the
cylinder; by improper adjustment of the gland; by the gunner coming
on to the aiming point sometimes from the right, sometimes from the
left; by the No. 1 centering the bubble sometimes from front to rear,
sometimes from rear to front.
You may have stood behind a battery firing and noticed how one
or two guns jump violently in recoil, while others would hardly disturb
the proverbial glass of water on top of the wheel, although all guns of
equal service. This was due almost entirely to the lack of proper
adjustment of some of the parts mentioned above.
Every member of the crew must know his duties so well as to
make his motion automatic; the direction to turn the various
handwheels, milled heads, and gears to obtain the desired result,
and he must always do these things in the same way. The effect of
small differences in laying may be graphically shown the gun crew
by firing sub-caliber ammunition at a small arms steel target which
rings a bell when a bull’s-eye is made. Erratic shots means poor
adjustments of equipment or poor training of the gun crew. Pleas that
worn material or lost motion, or defective ammunition are the causes
of erratic shooting are largely excuses for ignorance, laziness, and
lack of proper instruction. Worn materiel requires more makeshifts,
takes longer to lay and more careful watching, so that fire cannot be
so rapid, but except for wear in the bore of the gun it is possible to
do almost as accurate shooting with worn materiel, especially if the
new materiel has not been thoroughly worked in.
Among the more important duties of the men may be mentioned in
the following:
Chief of Section.—Must teach his men to have pride in the gun
they serve, and the reputation of the section. He shows each
member how the accuracy of firing is dependent on him, and that
one man may ruin the best efforts of all the others. He must keep his
materiel as clean as when it left the makers hand, every part
functioning properly, every screw and nut tightened, no burred nuts
or bolts, or missing split pins. He helps each member to take a pride
in keeping the part for which he is responsible as clean as a new pin
and in perfect condition. He sees that the various canvas covers and
sponge and rammer never touch the ground where they will gather
dirt. He knows the proper use of his tools, and the correct adjustment
of the firing mechanism. He must be able to assemble and
disassemble blindfolded the firing lock and breech mechanism. In
firing he knows the settings of all scales without reference to a data
book.
The Gunner.—Knows that turning the levelling screw clockwise
moves cross bubble to the right; that turning scroll gear clockwise
increases the range; that turning the peep sight screw clockwise
increases deflection, and so on with all handwheels, etc., that he
operates and must know these things so well that he operates them
in the proper direction automatically. Must always bring vertical wire
on aiming point from the left to take up any play in traversing
mechanism. He verifies that he is on the aiming point after the
breech is closed and if there is any delay, again immediately before
firing. He gets his eye back to the sight and relays immediately the
gun returns to battery. He knows his scale readings at all times. He
keeps his sight scrupulously clean, never permits his finger to touch
the objective prism when turning the rotating head, nor wipes off eye
piece with hand. He keeps his shoulder against the guard at all
times.
The Number 1.—He knows his site and range scale readings
without having to look at them. In centering the bubble he brings it
always from front to rear to take up play in the elevating mechanism.
He centers the bubble so accurately that it is not the thickness of a
sheet of tissue paper nearer one graduation than the other, and what
is most important he sees that it stays there until he fires the pieces,
when he promptly recentres it. (The latitude allowed in centring the
bubble by our gunners’ examination is responsible for 20 per cent. of
our field probable error.) He must not fire the piece with a jerk but
with a constant even pressure, else he may destroy all his accuracy
of levelling. The same principle applies if he uses the lanyard. He
keeps his quadrant free from any sign of dirt and assures himself
that it is in perfect condition. If the gunner fails to keep his shoulder
against the guard when the piece is fired he reminds him of it. In
centring the bubble or setting the scales he gets his eye squarely
opposite the scale or bubble.
The Number 2.—He knows the width of the spade, float, etc., in
mils, and is able to make any shift under two hundred mils, within 5
mils. He shifts the trail so as to bring the direction of recoil in line with
it (except for moving targets). In receiving empty cases he should not
permit them to strike the trail or throw them against each other, as
they must then be resized before they can be again used. If he sits
on the handspike he must not shift his weight after the piece is laid.
The Number 3.—He knows that turning the corrector worm knob
clockwise decreases the setting; turning the range worm crank
clockwise increases the range. In making these settings he keeps
his eye squarely over the scales. He knows his scale settings at all
times. He is taught to keep his fuze setter and its cover clean, and is
shown how a small pile of dirt or wax behind the stop pin or in the
rotating pin notch can throw out his settings and ruin the reputation
of his section. Gum from the fuze often collects in these places. The
surest way is to keep a match stick handy and clean out these
places whenever there is a lull in the firing.
The Number 4.—If necessary to reset the fuze he must turn the
projectile until it brings up against the stop pin, then cease all turning
movement and draw the projectile straight out of the fuze setter. If he
continues the turning motion unconsciously he can easily alter the
setting by a fifth of a second. In loading he is careful not to strike the
fuze against the breech and so alter the fuze setting.
The Number 5.—He knows where the rotating pin notch is in the
fuze setter, and where the corresponding pin is on the fuze. He
places the fuze so that the pin is seated in the notch with little or no
turning movement and turns rapidly but with no more force than
required. He is careful to set all fuzes with the same force, that is,
not turn one with a violent twist and the next barely up to the stop.
APPENDIX “B”—Comparative table of
guns used in World’s War.
Gt. U. U.
Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Russia,
Britain, States, States,
1905 1897 1906 1912 1903
1917 1902 1916
Caliber, inches 3.01 2.95 3.03 3.3 2.95 3. 3. 2.95
Weight of
14.72 16.00 15.00 18.00 14.3 14.41 15.00 16.00
shrapnel, lbs.
Muzzle velocity, f.
1640 1750 1760 1680 1510 1930 1700 1600
s.
Muzzle energy, ft.
275 335 242 340 224 273 300 311
tons
Weight of gun 700 1000 766 880 690 785 710 765
Weight of gun and
2000 2650 1860 2600 2260 2075 2230 3000
carriage
Weight of g., c.
3750 4150 4200 4100 3350 3850 3730 4400
and limber
Maximum
18 18 16 33 65 16$ 16 53
elevation
Total traverse,
8 6 8 8 52 5½ 8 45
degrees
Length of recoil, 18-
51.5 47 44 28-48 42.5 50 18-46
inches 53
Height of wheels 4’3” 4’ 4’5½” 4’3” 4’3½” 4’4” 4’8” 4’8”
Independent line
No. Yes. No. Yes. Yes. No. No. Yes.
of sight
Sights,
goniometric,
telescopic, P. G. T. G. O. P. T. P. O. P. O. P. O. P.
panoramic,
ordinary
Breech block, W. E. S. W. S. W. S. B. S. B. W.
wedge
swinging,
eccentric
screw.
Traverse, axle or
P. A. P. A. P. A. A. P.
pintle
Recuperation,
spring or
S. H. S. H. H. S. S. S.
hydro-
pneumatic
Length of gun,
30 36 27.3 28.0 30 30 29.2 30.8
calibers
Width of track,
60 60 60 66 58 60 60 60
inches
Range, maximum 6400 7550 7600 9000 8850 7800 6500 9650
APPENDIX “C”
TABLE OF EQUIVALENTS.
1 mil. 3.37 minutes.
1 meter (m) 39.37 inches.
1 centimeter (cm) .3937 inch.
1 millimeter (mm) .03937 inch.
1 kilogram (kg) 2.2046 pounds.
1 dekagram (dkg) .3527 ounce.
1 gram 15.432 grains.
1 liter 1.05671 quarts (U.S.).
1 inch 2.54 centimeters.
1 foot .3048 meter.
1 yard .9144 meter.
1 square inch 6.452 square centimeters.
1 cubic inch 16.39 cubic centimeters.
1 cubic foot .02832 cubic meter.
1 cubic yard .7645 cubic meter.
1 ounce 28.35 grams.
1 pound .4536 kilogram.
1 quart (U. S.) .9463 liter.
1 degree 17.777 mils.
1 kilogram (kg) per square 14.223 pounds per square
centimeter inch.
INDEX
Abatage, French 75-mm, 95
Action of Recoil Mechanism, 3-inch Gun, 70
Aiming Circle, 274
Air and Liquid Pumps, 155-mm Howitzer, 189
American 75, 105
Ammunition, 199
Ammunition 3-inch Gun, 214
Ammunition, Definition of, 11
Ammunition Marking, 233
Ammunition Truck, 334
Angle of Site Mechanism, American 75, 127
Anti-Aircraft Guns, 60
Armament, Modern, 46
Army Artillery, 57
Artillery, Definition of, 11
Artillery Tractor, 330
Assembling 3-inch Gun, 76, 242
Assembling American 75, 133
Automatic Pistol, 315
Automatic Rifle, 322, 325
Axles, Discussion, 44
Ballistics, Definition of, 11

Battery Commander’s Telescope Model 1915, 270
Biblical References to Artillery, 16
Bicarbonate of Soda, 239
Bore, Definition of, 11
Borax, 238
Bracket, Fuze Setter, 283
Breechblock, 4.7-inch Gun, 156
Breechblock, British 75, 150
Breechblock, French 75, 87
Breechblocks, Discussion of, 31
Breech, Definition of, 12
Breech Mechanism 3-inch Gun, 63
Breech Mechanism, American 75, 106
Breech Mechanism, G. P. F., 162
Breech Mechanism, 155-mm Howitzer, 173
British 75, 147
Browning Automatic Rifle, 325
Browning Machine Gun, 323
Built-up Guns, Discussion of, 29
Caisson 3-inch Gun, 74

Caisson, Definition of, 12
Caliber, Definition of, 12
Camp Telephone, 286
Canvas Buckets, 241
Care of 3-inch Gun, 242
Care and Cleaning of Cloth, 252
Care and Cleaning of Leather, 249
Care and Cleaning of Metal, 252
Care and Inspection of Sights, 267
Care and Preservation, French 75, 101
Care of Guns During Firing, 253
Care of 155-mm Howitzer, Notes on, 194
Care and Preservation of Materiel, 236
Carriages, Gun, 3-inch, 65
Carriage, Gun, Definition of, 12
Carriage, American 75, Description, 111
Carriage 4.7-inch Gun, Description, 154
Carriage 155-mm Howitzer, Description, 179
Cartridge Case, Care of, 219
Cartridge, Case, Definition, 12
Charge, Definition, 12
Classification of fuzes, 224
Cleaning Material, 236
Cleaning Schedule, 254
Clock Oil, Use of, 237
Cloth Equipment, Care of, 252
Coal Oil, Use of, 237
Combination Fuzes, Tables of, 232
Cannoneers’ “Don’ts”, 360
Conventional Signals, 301
Corps Artillery, Discussion, 55
Cradle, Definition of, 12

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Test Bank for Psychology and Your Life

with P.O.W.E.R Learning 4th Edition

Psychology and Your Life with POWER Learning 3rd

Solution Manual for McGraw-Hill Connect Resources for

Sociology and Your Life With POWER Learning 1st Edition

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Test Bank for Psychology in Your Life 3rd by Grison

Test Bank for Development Across the Life Span, 8th

Test Bank for Discovering the Life Span 4th Edition by

Psychology and Your Life with P.O.W.E.R Learning, 4e (Feldman)

6) Which of the following subfields of psychology is correctly defined?

9) Why is the term "experimental psychologist" considered somewhat misleading?

12) Which of the following correctly defines personality psychology?

18) Identify the statement that correctly describes social psychology.

21) Evolutionary psychology is the study of how

24) How is the diversity of psychology limited in the United States?

26) The field of phrenology is associated with

27) The formal beginning of psychology is associated with

32) Identify a true statement about functionalism.

35) Gestalt psychologists made substantial contributions to the understanding of

39) Which of the following is true of the neuroscience perspective of psychology?

43) The emphasis of the humanistic perspective is on

53) In the context of theories, which of the following is a true statement?

54) A hypothesis is best defined as a

57) ________ is designed to systematically investigate a person, group, or patterns of behavior.

67) Correlational research is research in which

69) Experimental research is to correlational research what ________ is to ________.

72) Why are control groups included in experiments?

75) The purpose of random assignment to conditions is to

Laying for Range.

Drill of the Gun Squad.

TRAINING GUN CREWS.

Ballistics, Definition of, 11

Caisson 3-inch Gun, 74

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69) Experimental research is to correlational research what is to .