PROBLEM 9.

66
Situation: Flow over a flat plate —additional details are provided in the problem
statement.
Find: Total drag force on plate.

ANALYSIS
The drag force (due to shear stress) is
1
Fs = Cf ρUo2 BL
2
The density and kinematic viscosity of air at 20o C and atmospheric pressure is 1.2
kg/m3 and 1.5×10−5 N·s/m2 , respectively. The Reynolds number based on the plate
length is
15 × 1
ReL = = 106
1.5 × 10−5
The average shear stress coefficient on the “tripped” side of the plate is
0.074
Cf = = 0.0047
(106 )1/5
The average shear stress coefficient on the “untripped” side is
0.523 1520
Cf = 2 − = 0.0028
6
ln (0.06 × 10 ) 106

The total force is

1
Fs = × 1.2 × 152 × 1 × 0.5 × (0.0047 + 0.0028)
2
Fs = 0.506 N

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PROBLEM 9.67
Situation: Flow Through two flat plates is described in the problem statement.
Find: (a) Length where boundary layers merge.
(b) Shearing force per unit depth.
Properties: The density and kinematic viscosity of water at these conditions are 1000
kg/m3 and 10−6 m2 /s.

APPROACH
Apply the correlation for boundary layer thickness for a tripped leading edge.

ANALYSIS
Boundary layer thickness

0.37x
δ = (boundary layer tripped at leading edge)
Re1/5
x
0.37x4/5
= ¡ ¢1/5
Uo
ν

Setting δ = 0.002 m and x = L gives

µ ¶1/5
4/5 0.002 10
L = = 0.136
0.37 10−6
or

L = 0.0826 m
Check the Reynolds number

0.0826 × 10
Rex =
10−6
= 8.26 × 105

so the equations for the tripped boundary layer (Re x < 107 ) are valid.

Average shear stress coefficient

0.074
Cf = ¡ ¢
0.0826×10 1/5
10−6
= 0.00485

Surface resistance (drag force).

804
Fs 1
= 2 × ρUo2 Cf L
B 2
= 998 × 102 × 0.00485 × 0.0826
Fs
B
= 40.0 N/m

805