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1535118487-enggr10t2-ss-geo-mid-year-mock-exam
1535118487-enggr10t2-ss-geo-mid-year-mock-exam
1535118487-enggr10t2-ss-geo-mid-year-mock-exam
GRADE 10 TERM 2
MID-YEAR MOCK EXAMINATION
Question 1
1. Answer this question on a new sheet of paper.
1.1. Define the following terms/concepts:
1.1.1. Atmosphere
1.1.2. Volcanologist
1.1.3. Greenhouse effect
1.1.4. Epicentre
1.1.5. Albedo
1.1.6. Igneous rock
1.1.7. Latent heat
1.1.8. Bedding plane
1.1.9. Weather
1.1.10. Seismograph (10)
1.2. Atmosphere
1.2.1. Study the graph below, which shows the temperature changes in the
different layers of the atmosphere, and then answer the questions that follow.
100 D
80
E
Altitude - km
60 C
F
40
B
20 G
A
0
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20
Temperture - ºC
1.2.1.1. Supply labels for the layers/boundaries marked A to G on the diagram. (7)
1.2.1.2. Explain the importance of layer A for the existence of life on Earth. (3)
1.2.1.3. Explain what is responsible for the increase in temperature in layers B and D. (2)
1.2.1.4. Name the four main gases that make up the atmosphere. (4)
1.2.2. Refer to the figure below, showing the relation of pressure to altitude, and
answer the questions that follow.
1000
900
800
700
mbar
600
500
400
300
200
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
Meters
http://www.sensorsmag.com/files/sensor/nodes/2010/7896/Figure1.gif
1.2.2.1. What would the pressure reading be of Mount Everest (8 848 m)? (1)
1.2.2.2. Briefly explain what happens to air pressure as altitude increases. (2)
1.2.2.3. Discuss why a sports team from Durban would need to arrive in
Johannesburg a few days prior to playing their match. (2)
1.3. Latitude and aspect are two important factors that affect temperature. In South Africa, the
majority of the houses are built north-facing.
1.3.1. Using a diagram to aid you, explain why most houses in South Africa are
built north-facing. (4)
1.3.2. Tzaneen and Bloemfontein are both found inland. However, their
temperature ranges are vastly different. Explain, by referring to their
latitudinal positions, why their temperatures are so different. (4)
1.3.3. What name do we give to a city with a coastal climate? (1)
1.4. Match the letter on the figure below with the name of the volcanic intrusion it represents.
Write only the number and the matching letter, e.g. 1.3.1 B. (5)
1.4.1 Batholith
1.4.2 Laccolith
1.4.3 Sill
1.4.4 Dyke
1.4.5 Volcano
1.5. Refer to the source below and then answer the questions that follow.
Source 1: Syria’s geography
Syria is a nation in the Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Lebanon and Turkey.
Its capital is Damascus. Its major environmental issues include deforestation, overgrazing, soil erosion,
desertification, water pollution from raw sewage and petroleum refining wastes and inadequate
potable water. Most people live in the Euphrates River Valley, along the coastal plain, and in a fertile
strip between the coastal mountains and the desert.
Volcanism: Syria’s two historically active volcanoes, Es Safa and an unnamed volcano near the
Turkish border, have not erupted in centuries. Es Safa is a cinder cone located 95 km SE
of Damascus and is the northernmost volcano of the African Rift Valley. A lava lake was
reported at the volcano sometime between 1840 and 1860.
Earthquakes: Syria experiences mild earthquakes every year. Syria is located at the northern end of
the Great African Rift Valley. In 2004 a shallow 4-magnitude quake struck Yabrud at a
depth of 10 km in the Rif Daashq region.
Terrain: Primarily semi-arid and desert plateau; narrow coastal plain; mountains in the west.
The highest point is Mount Hermon (2 814 m) and the lowest point is an unnamed
location near Lake Tiberias (-200 m). Approximately 24.8% of land is arable.
Climate: Mostly desert; hot, dry, sunny summers (June to August) and mild, rainy winters
(December to February) along the coast. The most striking feature of the climate is
the contrast. Between the humid Mediterranean coast and the arid desert regions
lies a semi-arid zone extending across three-quarters of the country and bordered
on the west by mountains. Rainfall in the mountainous western region is abundant
with annual precipitation ranging between 750 mm and 1 000 mm. The Al Ghab
depression, located east of these mountains, is in a relatively arid zone with warm, dry
winds and scanty rainfall.
(Source: Collated from various internet sources)
Question 2
2. Start this question on a new sheet of paper.
2.1. State whether the following statements are true or false. Where false, correct the
statement.(10)
2.1.1. The ozone layer is a protective layer of gases made up of two oxygen atoms.
2.1.2. Metamorphic rocks are easy to break.
2.1.3. Convectional rainfall is most common over the interior of South Africa.
2.1.4. Sandstone is a sedimentary rock.
2.1.5. Cape Town experiences frontal rainfall in the summer months.
2.1.6. The closer you are to the Equator, the warmer it is.
2.1.7. Durban has a maritime climate and Parys has a continental climate.
2.2. Match Column A with the correct description in Column B. Write only the question number
and correct letter on your answer sheet. (7)
Column A Column B
This energy is released during
condensation and used during
2.2.1 Terrestrial radiation A
evaporation. It is also known as
‘hidden heat’.
The layer of the atmosphere that
2.2.2 Latent heat B
lies furthest from the Earth
Temperature increases with
2.2.3 C Heat-holding gases
height
Water vapour, carbon dioxide The heat energy that Earth
2.2.4 D
and methane radiates
2.2.5 Thermosphere E Inversion
The amount of energy necessary
2.2.6 Troposphere F to raise the temperature of 1 g
of a substance by 1 °C
2.2.7 Specific heat capacity G The layer of the atmosphere
that contains oxygen and water
vapour
2.3. Study the diagram below and then answer the questions that follow.
2.3.1. Only 47% of the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s surface. What happens to the
other 53%? State three ways in which this energy is lost. (3)
2.3.2. Using an annotated diagram, fully explain the greenhouse effect. (3)
2.3.3. Discuss the validity of the following statement. (3)
“Rapid economic growth has led to the greenhouse effect accelerating and has also
contributed to climate change.”
2.4 Read the case study about global warming and answer the questions that follow.
2.4.1. Explain the concept of global warming. (1)
2.4.2. List three greenhouse gases. (3)
2.4.3. Consequences of global warming include:
• Rising sea levels
• Rural–urban migration
• Desertification
Briefly outline how each of the consequences listed above could affect humanity. (6)
2.5. Taking into account what you have learnt, write a brief report for a tourist pamphlet about
South Africa’s weather and climate. (4)
2.6. Study the figures and fact files below before answering the following questions.
Puyehue-Cordón Caulle
2.8. Study the figure below and then answer the questions that follow.