27617E01 Design Criteria for Liquid Hydrocarbons FISCAL METERING SYSTEM

27617.ENG.STA.
STD
Rev 01 – July 2019
Sh 2 of 65
REVISION TRACKING
 Rev 00: issued on 2013, August.

 Rev 01: issued as general revision 2019, July.
INFORMATION REQUEST
eni personnel can access company standard repository at:
http://wwweandp.eni.it/TSServices/TAE/STD/Documents.asp
External user shall refer to the Project Engineer Manager.
For information about the content of this standard, please refer to persons mentioned on first
page or to Company Standard Team (mbxc&st@eni.com).
ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di Eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of Eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties nor used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
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INDEX
1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 SCOPE................................................................................................................................................................. 5
1.2 REGULATIONS, REFERENCE CODES AND STANDARDS ...................................................................................... 5
1.2.1 National Laws and Regulations ................................................................................................................ 5
1.2.2 Industry Codes and Standards .................................................................................................................. 5
1.3 RESPONSIBILITY .................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.4 DEFINITIONS ........................................................................................................................................................ 6
1.5 ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................................................................... 8
1.6 MEASUREMENT UNITS ..................................................................................................................................... 9
1.7 GRAPHIC SYMBOLS, CODES AND IDENTIFICATION TAGS .................................................................................. 9
1.8 TAGGING CRITERIA ........................................................................................................................................... 9
2 BASIC REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................................................................................10
2.1 SERVICE CONDITIONS ..................................................................................................................................... 11
2.1.1 Electrical Power Supply .......................................................................................................................... 11
2.1.2 Instrument Air Supply ............................................................................................................................. 12
2.2 FISCAL MEASUREMENT .................................................................................................................................... 12
2.3 UNCERTAINTY ................................................................................................................................................ 13
2.4 APPLICATIONS OF DYNAMIC MEASUREMENT ..................................................................................................... 14
2.4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 14
2.4.2 Lease Automatic Custody Transfer (LACT) Systems ............................................................................... 15
2.4.3 Pipeline Metering System....................................................................................................................... 15
2.5 APPLICATIONS OF STATIC MEASUREMENT ......................................................................................................... 15
2.5.1 Level measurement ................................................................................................................................ 15
2.5.2 Metering Systems for Loading and Unloading Marine Bulk Carriers ..................................................... 15
2.5.3 Truck Weighing System .......................................................................................................................... 16
2.6 ANALYZERS ........................................................................................................................................................ 16
2.6.1 Continuous Online Measure of Water Content ...................................................................................... 16
2.6.2 Basic Sediment & Water Content ........................................................................................................... 17
2.6.3 Sulphur Content...................................................................................................................................... 17
2.7 CALCULATIONS ................................................................................................................................................. 17
2.8 CALIBRATIONS ................................................................................................................................................... 18
2.9 VERIFICATIONS ................................................................................................................................................. 19
2.10 DIAGNOSTIC AND MAINTENANCE STRATEGIES ........................................................................................................... 20
3 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS .........................................................................................................................21
3.1 FMS DESIGN REQUIREMENTS......................................................................................................................... 21
3.2 METER RUNS REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................................................ 21
3.3 APPROPRIATE METER SELECTION .................................................................................................................. 24
3.3.1 ULTRASONIC FLOW METER .................................................................................................................... 25
3.3.2 POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT METER........................................................................................................... 26
3.3.3 TURBINE FLOW METER .......................................................................................................................... 27
3.3.4 CORIOLIS FLOW METER .......................................................................................................................... 28
3.3.5 Meter Selection Table ............................................................................................................................ 29
3.4 SECONDARY INSTRUMENTATION .................................................................................................................. 29
3.4.1 Pressure measurement .......................................................................................................................... 30
3.4.2 Temperature measurement ................................................................................................................... 30
3.4.3 Density measurement ............................................................................................................................ 30
3.4.4 Installation of Instruments ..................................................................................................................... 31
3.4.5 Instrument Bulk materials and cables .................................................................................................... 31
3.5 SAMPLING SYSTEM .............................................................................................................................................. 32
3.6 METER PROVER UNIT ........................................................................................................................................ 33

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3.6.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 33

3.6.2 Tank Prover ............................................................................................................................................ 33
3.6.3 Conventional Pipe Prover ....................................................................................................................... 34
3.6.4 Compact Prover ...................................................................................................................................... 35
3.6.5 Master Meter ......................................................................................................................................... 35
3.7 FLOW COMPUTER .......................................................................................................................................... 35
3.7.1 Minimum Technical Requirements ......................................................................................................... 36
3.7.2 Maintenance Mode ................................................................................................................................ 37
3.7.3 Data Integrity and Cyber Security .......................................................................................................... 37
3.7.4 Administrative Functions........................................................................................................................ 38
3.7.5 Print-Outs and Automatic Logging ......................................................................................................... 38
3.7.6 Computer Routines for Fiscal Measurement .......................................................................................... 39
3.8 SUPERVISORY SYSTEM ................................................................................................................................... 39
3.9 AVAILABILITY & RELIABILITY ........................................................................................................................... 41
3.10 REDUNDANCY ................................................................................................................................................ 42
3.11 OPERATIONAL AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................... 43
3.11.1 Operational requirements for Imported / Exported Liquid Hydrocarbon FMS ....................................... 43
3.11.2 Maintenance requirements for Imported / Exported liquid hydrocarbon FMS ...................................... 43
3.12 SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................................................. 44
3.13 QUALITY SYSTEM FOR LIQUID HYDROCARBON MEASURING SYSTEM ................................................................... 44
4 DOCUMENT REQUIREMENTS...........................................................................................................................45
4.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................................ 45
4.2 DOCUMENT CONTENT ................................................................................................................................... 45
4.3 TESTING DOCUMENTS.................................................................................................................................... 46
4.4 FINAL DOCUMENTATION ............................................................................................................................... 47
5 FMS INSPECTION AND TESTING .......................................................................................................................48
5.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................................ 48
5.2 FACTORY ACCEPTANCE TEST............................................................................................................................ 48
5.3 ATTENDED TESTS ............................................................................................................................................ 48
5.4 UNATTENDED TESTS....................................................................................................................................... 49
5.5 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF FIELD INSTRUMENTS ...................................................................................... 49
5.6 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF FLOW COMPUTATION SYSTEM........................................................................................ 49
5.7 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF THE OTHER DEVICES ...................................................................................................... 50
5.8 FUNCTIONAL TESTS OF THE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM ................................................................................................... 50
5.9 TESTS OF SKID ................................................................................................................................................. 50
A. APPENDIX A LIST OF APPLICABLE INTERNATIONAL CODES & RELEVANT USE...................................................51
B. APPENDIX B - FMS TYPICAL ARCHITECTURE.....................................................................................................58
C. APPENDIX C - SIGNAL/FUNCTION CONNECTION TABLE ...................................................................................59
D. APPENDIX D - CALCULATIONS FOR NET OIL VOLUME AT REFERENCE CONDITIONS .........................................62
D.1 SCOPE ..........................................................................................................................................................62
D.2 CALCULATION PROCEDURE .........................................................................................................................62
D.2.1 CALCULATION PROCEDURE OF STABILIZED OIL WITH LOW WATER CUT ..................................................62
D.2.2 CALCULATION PROCEDURE OF NOT STABILIZED OIL WITH HIGH WATER CUT ..........................................62

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1 GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
The present document concerns the “Liquid Hydrocarbons FISCAL METERING SYSTEM (FMS)”
which provides the fiscal measure of liquid hydrocarbons used:
 for sale (imported or exported) and custody transfer,
 for ownership allocation,
 for calculation of royalty or tax.
The purpose of this document is intended to give the minimum requirements of the Liquid FMS,
in terms of design, construction, installation, testing, commissioning and operation, for the
following topics:
 selection of flow meter technology,
 secondary measuring components,
 redundancy criteria,
 metering system architecture.
The intention of this document is not to give very specific constrains or features, but to provide
minimum design criteria as general data and design rules to be harmonized with the
requirements specified in contracts, regulations and governing documents in order to develop
the relevant project documentation.
This document does not consider the following:
 Measurements related to the petroleum products whose vapour pressure at sampling
and sample storage conditions are less than 101.325 kPa (1.01325 bar) and liquefied
gases such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and other
pressurized and refrigerated light hydrocarbon liquids.
 Procedures and measurements related to the laboratory.
1.2 REGULATIONS, REFERENCE CODES AND STANDARDS
1.2.1 National Laws and Regulations
All devices, systems and materials shall be in accordance with regulations in force within the
country where they will be installed, as well as contractual agreements stipulated with the
liquid hydrocarbons buyer or shipper.
Some components of the Measurement System have to be approved according to the
requirements of national laws. A Measurement System installed in an European Country shall
use primary elements and flow computers provided of a declaration of conformity to the
Measurement Instrument Directive (MID 2004/22/EC).
If the legislative requirements for a local area conflict with guidance given in this document or
international standards, legislative requirements shall take precedence.
1.2.2 Industry Codes and Standards
The families of international reference codes & standards and European Directives are listed
below, these should be considered during the development of measurement specification. For
topics with no specific requirements in this specification and/or in international standards, the
design of the affected system shall be based on the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Some specific standards are mentioned within this document and other applicable standards
shall be defined by the project.
 American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI)
 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
 American Petroleum Institute (API)
 API Manual of Petroleum Measurement (API MPMS)
 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
 American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM)
 Atmospheres Explosive (ATEX)

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 British Standards Institute (BSI)

 European Norm (EN)
 International Bureau of Weight and Measure
 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
 International Society of Automation (ISA)
 International Organisation For Standardisation (ISO)
 Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
 National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE)
 Organisation Internationale de Métrologie Légale (OIML)
Contractor / Supplier shall verify the validity and applicability of each rule and standard
checking at least the latest edition available and also the issuance of new pertinent regulations.
1.3 RESPONSIBILITY
CONTRACTOR/SUPPLIER is responsible for the compliance with the requirements set in this
document and with applicable laws and regulation with regards to the safety, environmental,
economic and legal aspects.
No part of this document shall relieve the CONTRACTOR/SUPPLIER from the responsibility of
performing additional analysis, tests, standard inspections and other activities deemed
necessary to ensure the product, the equipment and workmanship suitable for the service
intended not considered inside this document. Proposals of alternative solutions with respect
to technical requirements of this specification will be taken into consideration if they are
adequately supported with documentation proving that their functional characteristics and
performance levels are not lower than the ones herein required.
1.4 DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this specification, the following definitions shall be applied:
COMPANY Eni spa or affiliated COMPANY as stated in the Contract.
CONTRACTOR/ COMPANY (or companies) able to provide goods and/or services as

CONSTRUCTION stated in the Contract.
COMPANY
PURCHASER Is the party that buys the equipment and its auxiliaries for its own use
or as an agent for the owner. The PURCHASER may either be the
COMPANY or the CONTRACTOR.
SUPPLIER Person or organization able to supply goods as stated in the Contract.
The terms VENDOR or MANUFACTURER shall be considered as
synonymous of the term SUPPLIER as defined above.
SHALL Indicates a requirement.
SHOULD Indicates a recommendation.
MAY Verbal form used to indicate a course of action permissible within the
limits of this safety strategy.
The following technical definitions concerning metering system devices, accuracy performance
and fluid properties shall be applied:
A Coriolis meter is comprised of two main components, a sensor
(primary element) and a transmitter (secondary). It directly infers the
Coriolis meter mass flow rate by sensing the Coriolis force on a vibrating tube(s).
The conduit consists of one or more tubes that vibrate at their
resonant frequency by a Drive Coil. (IS0 10790:2015)
A Flow Computer is a secondary instrument and is usually a fiscal
Flow Computer element in the Measurement System. It performs the flow
computation and flow integration.

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Method of flowrate measurement in which the average fluid velocity

Multipath over a number of different paths is determined. The Ultrasonic
flowmeter provides these multipath measures that can be also used
to perform diagnostics (ISO 12242).
Prover unit Conventional pipe prover, compact prover, master meter or other
applicable method to calibrate the flow element.
A supervisory computer is usually not a fiscal element in the
Supervisory System Measurement System. It processes the data from one or more flow
computer for producing reports and executing the connection with the
process control network.
A fluid measuring device in which the dynamic forces of the flowing
Turbine meter fluid cause the turbine wheel to rotate with a speed approximately
proportional to the rate of volume flow (ISO 2715:2017).
The flowing fluid is divided into discrete "packets" of known volume
Positive by means of measuring chambers; the flowrate is calculated by
Displacement meter counting the number of “packets” passed per unit time (ISO
2714:2017).
Ultrasonic Flow Flow meter which generates ultrasonic signals and receives them
meter again after they have been influenced by the flow in such a way that
the observed result can be used as a flowrate measure (ISO 17089).
The closeness of agreement between a test result and the accepted

Accuracy
reference value.
The difference between the expectation of the test results and an accepted
Bias
reference value.
Permissible The extreme values of an error permitted by specifications, regulations etc.
error for a given measuring instrument.
Closeness of agreement between independent measurement results
Precision
obtained under prescribed conditions.
Quotient of the actual quantity of fluid passing through the meter and the
Flowrate Q
time taken for this quantity to pass through the flow meter.
Highest flowrate at which a flow meter is required to operate within the
Maximum
limits of its maximum permissible error, whilst operated within its rated
flowrate, Qmax
operating conditions.
Lowest flowrate at which a flow meter is required to operate within the limits
Minimum
of its maximum permissible error, whilst operated within its rated operating
flowrate, Qmin
conditions.
Flowrate which occurs between the maximum flowrate Q max and the
Transitional minimum flowrate Qmin that divides the flowrate range into two zones, the
flowrate, Qt “upper zone” and the “lower zone”, each characterized by its own maximum
permissible error.
It may be expressed quantitatively in terms of the dispersion characteristics
Repeatability
of the results.
It is the closeness of the agreement between the results of measurements
Reproducibility of the same measurand carried out under changed conditions of
measurement.
Capability of a Measurement System or a measurement instrument to
Stability
work properly for a specified time period.
Property of the result of a measurement or of the value of a standard that
allow us to relate that result to a specific reference, generally national or
Traceability
international standards, by an unbroken chain of comparisons with declared
uncertainties.
The quotient of the maximum and minimum result (of a specified property)
Turndown
that can be achieved with retention of specified characteristics
Ratio
(measurement accuracy).

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Parameter, associated with the result of a measurement that characterizes

Uncertainty the dispersion of the values that could reasonably be attributed to the
measurand. It is generally expressed as standard deviation.
Pressure – with symbol P - is the ratio of force to area over which that force
Pressure
is distributed. The SI Unit is Pascal [Pa].
Temperature –with symbol T- is a physical quantity that is a measure of
Temperature hotness and coldness on a numeric scale. It is a measure of thermal energy.
The SI Unit is Kelvin [K].
Mass concentration of the total amount of water contained in a liquid
Water content
hydrocarbon
1.5 ACRONYMS
Here below are listed the common used acronyms. Maybe other technical definitions,
terminology reference, symbols and abbreviations shall be mentioned where necessary in this
specification.
Item Description Item Description

AC Alternating Current MTBF Mean Time Between Failures
A/D Analogue/Digital Conversion MTTF Mean Time to Failure
BOPD Barrel Oil Per Day MTTR Mean Time to Repair
D/A Digital/Analogue conversion NHV Net Heating Value
dB Decibel OWD Online Water measurement Device
dB(A) Decibels Using the "A-weighted" PC Personal Computer
scale for measuring Acoustic
sound level
DC Direct Current PCS Process Control System
DCS Distributed Control System P&ID Piping & Instrumentation Diagram
EMC Electro Magnetic Compatibility PID Proportional/Integral/Derivative
EMI Electromagnetic Interference PLC Programmable Logic Controller
ESD Emergency Shut Down RD Relative Density
FAT Factory Acceptance Test RFI Radio Frequency Interference
FC Flow Computer RPM Rate Per Minute
FMS Fiscal Metering System RTU Remote Terminal Unit
GHV Gross Heating Value SAT Site Acceptance Test
GRP Glass Reinforced Plastic SCADA Supervisory Control And Data
Acquisition System
HART Highway Addressable Remote SI International System of Units
Transducer
HVAC Heating Ventilation and Air SIS Safety Instrumented System
Conditioning
HW Hardware SOW Scope of Work
ICSS Integrated Control and Safety SNR Signal Noise Ratio
System
I/O Inputs/Outputs SP Set Point
IP International Protection SPDT Single Pole Double Throw
IS Intrinsic Safety SW Software
LACT Lease Automatic Custody UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply
Transfer System
LED Light Emitting Diode VAC Voltage Alternating Current
mA milliAmpere VDC Voltage Direct Current
MID Measuring Instrument Directive VOS Velocity of Sound
MPE Maximum Permissible Error WDP Water Dew Point

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1.6 MEASUREMENT UNITS

Engineering Units shall be in compliance with International System (SI) and Company standard
20183.VAR.GEN.STD.
As per ISO 91 Annex B: The standard reference conditions of pressure and temperature for use
in measurements on crude petroleum and its products, including liquefied petroleum gases,
shall be 101.325 kPa (absolute) and 15 °C, with the exception of liquid hydrocarbons having a
vapour pressure greater than atmospheric at 15 °C, in which case the standard pressure shall
be equilibrium vapour pressure at 15 °C.
Others measurement units can be used if required by local regulations or specific agreements.
1.7 GRAPHIC SYMBOLS, CODES AND IDENTIFICATION TAGS
The graphic symbols, codes and identification used in P&IDs shall be in accordance with ISA
S5.1 and/or ISO 3511 and 21000.ENG.PRC.STD, as defined in project specifications.
1.8 TAGGING CRITERIA
Tagging shall be in accordance with Company standard 20198.VAR.LCI.STD.
Field mounted instruments and junction boxes, panels, cabinets, etc. shall be identified by the
manufacturer using non-removable AISI 316 SS name plates, engraved as per project
specification.
No glued tags and nameplate shall be installed.
Double tagging shall be provided when supplier’s tagging is not compliant with COMPANY
requirements.
Refer to 28030.ENG.STA.STD par. 1.8 for the nameplate of each Flow Transmitter.

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2 BASIC REQUIREMENTS
The intent is to ensure that the Liquid FMS is from a Manufacturer’s Standard product line as
much as possible.
Major system’s components will not be considered if not previously provided successfully to
other Purchasers.
Specific design and implementation constraints shall be identified, as well as any stated
standards that preclude the use of standard product line items.
For “Instrumentation general design requirements” refer to 20048.ENG.STA.STD. For bulk
material requirements refer to 11591.ENG.STA.STD “Instrument Bulk Materials”.
The relevant flow meter instruments shall be in accordance with the Company standard
28030.ENG.STA.STD “Flow Meter Instruments Functional Requirements” with the following
major amendments/additions/replacements:
Paragraph of
Enhancement/deviation/Clarification
28030.ENG.STA.STD
Do not consider the documents MOD.STA.PKG.001 and

MOD.STA.PKG.002 because are related to the Multiphase Flow Meter.
Review/Check the application of the Inspection Data Sheet
MOD.STA.ISP.005 for the involved instruments and relevant applicable
codes.
1.1
Do not require the SIL certification in the Document Data Sheet
MOD.STA.EAM.003 because is not applicable.
Consider to use only the pages of the Technical Data Sheet
MOD.STA.SFS.007 that are related to the instruments for fiscal
applications (Ultrasonic, Turbine, Coriolis, PDM, accessories, PT and TT).
Each outdoor instrumentation system will typically be installed in open
areas and shall, at a minimum, be suitable for use in Zone 2 hazardous
2.1 areas; however, all electrical / electronic instruments, shall exceed this
requirement and be certified for use in a Zone 1 area, and be IECEx or
ATEX certified by an acceptable nationally recognized authority for use
in a Zone 1 hazardous area.
The Liquid FMS electrical equipment shall be, as minimum, suitable for
use in a hazardous area zone 1, gas group IIB, Temperature class T3.
Generally, instruments shall be certified EEx-d (switches, solenoids and
2.2 transmitters), EEx-e (junction boxes).
However, Explosive hazard protection methods shall be in accordance
with project documents (e.g. Technical Datasheet).
The certifications shall be provided for the equipment by the appropriate
authority in the manufacturer country.
Whenever the final installation will be in tropical climate (e.g.: forests
and savannah with Hot-wet, deserts and steppes with Hot-dry, salt laden
air conditions with a severe marine and corrosive atmosphere) the
2.4.2 electrical/electronic instruments (e.g.: Pressure switches, pressure
transmitters, and any electric/electronic device) shall be designed to
withstand the relative environmental conditions. In these conditions, the
field instruments/equipment will be treated to withstand the type of
climate in order to eliminate mildew, fungi, moisture proof, etc.
Spare parts and maintenance data requirements shall be in compliance
2.9 with project documents and Company standards 28015.ENG.MNU.STD
and 27954.ENG.MNU.STD respectively.

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Paragraph of
Enhancement/deviation/Clarification
28030.ENG.STA.STD
3.2 Consider what is applicable in this paragraph and mainly the applicable
standards of this document (27617.ENG.STA.PRG).
3.4 This paragraph (Flow Instruments Selection) is not applicable to the
fiscal applications. As well as the APPENDIX A.
3.6, 3.7, , 3.10,
Not Applicable for fiscal applications.
3.11, 3.14, 3.15
3.12 Consider only the Ultrasonic flowmeter Transit time “Spool piece” for
fiscal applications.
4.2, 4.3, , 4.6,
Not Applicable for fiscal applications.
4.7, 4.10, 4.11
2.1 SERVICE CONDITIONS
2.1.1 Electrical Power Supply
The power supply units of the Fiscal Metering System shall be fed by UPS.
Failure of each power supply unit shall be monitored and alarmed by the flow computer and/or
the management system.
Additional backup facilities in each flow computer shall ensure that fiscal figures/data are not
lost under any circumstances.
The Power Distribution Panel shall ensure that dedicated power supplies to each Metering
Control Panel and equipment providing the feeder redundancy as per paragraph 3.10.
Field instrument power supplies will generally be 24 V DC, derived from the AC UPS.
The following table details the electrical supply/back-up requirements for the different
instrument equipment used on the project.
Description Voltage Source
Flow computer,
230V AC, 50Hz or 60Hz UPS
Supervisory system
Transmitters 24VDC (*) Flow computer

230V AC, 50Hz or 60Hz Flow computer
Analyzers
24VDC or Supervisory system
Flow computer
Solenoid valves 24V DC
or Supervisory system
MOV, 400 VAC, 3 Phases, 50 Hz
Electrical Switchboard
Electrical Motors or 60Hz
Flow computer
Voltage for switches 24V DC
or Supervisory system
Service power (socket) 230V AC, 50Hz or 60Hz Electrical switchboard
Panel illumination 230V AC, 50Hz or 60Hz Electrical switchboard
(*) The field instruments can be

 Loop-powered from the relevant Flow computer or Management system at 24 Vdc
through 2 wires. Other operating voltages are not permitted.
• Not Loop-powered where the power supply at 24 Vdc, or other voltage level (e.g.: 230
Vac) will be separately from the output signal(s); this is necessary for all energy
additive meters and for all meters that need a signal transducer (i.e.: pulse to current,
frequency to current) or a signal’s preamplifier.

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2.1.2 Instrument Air Supply

Instrument air supply shall be in adopted for the pneumatic circuits and pneumatic actuators in case
they will be used. Air availability and conditions shall be specified by project documents, however
instrument air shall be available at the following pressure values:
Design Pressure 10 bar(g)
Operating Pressure 7 bar(g)
Minimum Pressure 4.5 bar(g)
2.2 FISCAL MEASUREMENT
Fiscal measurement is used to determine the quantity and the financial values of liquid
hydrocarbon products.
There are two types of requirements related to these measurements:
 Legal Requirements
These requirements are defined by international Weight & Measure codes and national
regulations in order to facilitate fair trade. The accuracy and functional requirements
could vary between countries but they all shall have the traceability as common
characteristic. The validation process is based on comparison between duty meter and
reference meter that is traceable to the legal metrology agency of the respective region.
 Standard Requirements
As a general assumption, the accuracy of Custody Transfer measurement shall be the
highest possible level based on the technology limits and intrinsic uncertainty of the
measurement. Because of these criticalities, many international standards, referred in
the later sections, have been developed and adopted.
Fiscal measurement is also referred as Custody Transfer measurement.
Allocation measurement may refer to continuous measurements performed by Custody meters
in order to attribute the relative liquid hydrocarbon quantities to the respective sources and/or
among licensees and owner companies.
Liquid hydrocarbon products may be sold from a single production area direct to market (for
example, via a dedicated pipeline or via shuttle tankers) or hydrocarbons from more than one
production area are commingled prior to sale. In such cases it is necessary to determine the
amount contributed by each production area to the commingled stream, via a process known
as “allocation”.
Custody transfer of crude petroleum and its products are generally transacted in volumetric
quantities. Since crude oils and petroleum products have relatively high coefficients of thermal
expansion and compressibility, volumes are corrected to standard conditions of temperature
and pressure in order to provide a meaningful and consistent basis for measurement. The
definition of standard reference conditions is therefore of fundamental importance in
measurement, calculation and accounting of petroleum quantities.
The terms “fiscal” and “custody transfer” can be used as synonyms even if, more precisely,
fiscal means “related to government finance and policy” and custody transfer is used “when a
change in ownership takes place”. Then, “Fiscal” is used for calculation of taxes and royalties
related to fluid measurements. “Custody transfer” is used for sale from one part to another.
The basic requirements to perform Custody Transfer measurements are the following:
 Measurements of Quantity and Quality of liquid hydrocarbon
 Type approval certifications of measuring devices for compliance to metrological
controls from accredited agencies authorized by notified bodies.
 Local legal requirements in accordance with weights and measures legislations.
 Verification of the measurements systems, including calibration equipment traceable to
national/international standards.
 Maintaining valid compliance / certification by regular verifications and validation
procedures.
 Meter proving requirements like pipe provers/master meters, safety, construction codes
and standards compliance shall be adhered to.

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 Initial verification of the liquid hydrocarbon meters shall be carried out at recognized
test facilities, in a way traceable and approved by national authorities.
 Subsequent verifications shall be carried out at regular intervals.
The Appendix A lists the major international codes to be considered for specific arguments such
as Static and/or Dynamic measurements, Calculation, Calibration, Verification and Installation.
CONTRACTOR/ MANUFACTURER shall be responsible to apply the proper standard in function
of the requested application.
2.3 UNCERTAINTY
In this standard, Measurement Systems can be categorized into "Classes". The Class identifies
the required uncertainty level and shall be in line with API MPMS 13.3.
Fiscal Metering performance can be expressed as the total uncertainty of the flow-rate
measurement or mass-rate measurement. In both cases, the necessary corrections for density,
water, etc. shall be properly considered.
The total calculated measurement uncertainty takes into account at least the following: the
accuracy of the flowmeter itself, the contribution to inaccuracy of piping and obstructions, the
accuracy of the flow computer and other electronics, including any other instrument (e.g.: PT,
TT, DT, etc.) involved in the measurement calculation. Because of the significant financial risks
in custody transfer and fiscal metering applications, close attention must be paid to small
details that would be ignored in a process application. The Table 1 of OIML R 117-1 depicts the
accuracy classes in function of the fluid to be measured.
However, the term “fiscal” does not define a specific limits of uncertainty.
The level of uncertainty appropriate to fiscal service can vary from contract to contract, based
on the relevant economical agreements between involved parts. The uncertainties for tanker
offload systems shall be agreed on a case-by-case basis, following a review of the specific
details of each system. In many cases the references are the limits defined by laws and the
regulations of the country where the system is installed.
In absence of national references, the following limits, based on two uncertainty classes related
to measurement purpose, shall be applied:
UNCERTAINTY LIMITS
FISCAL MEASUREMENT
(extended uncertainty, UNCERTAINTY CLASS
SYSTEM
Coverage factor k = 2)
Imported/Exported liquid ±0.25% of standard gross
CLASS A
hydrocarbon volume (a)
±0.5  5.0% of standard
Allocation CLASS B
gross volume(b)
(a) The uncertainty is given in standard volume, but other units (e.g. mass) may be
considered.
(b) Any other uncertainty limit may be applicable for Fiscal Measurement Systems if
justified by a cost-benefit analysis accepted by involved parties.
Requirements for Uncertainty Class A:

 Single phase measurement of liquid hydrocarbon.
 The pressure (P) and temperature (T) shall be carried out from the on-line P, T
measurements in each meter run;
 The liquid hydrocarbon composition shall be determined by a continuous sampling
system and water monitoring.
 Depending on the capacity of the liquid hydrocarbon measuring installation, parties shall
define criteria for deciding whether duplicate measurement in series is needed. When
duplicated instruments are installed, the average value between the two systems could
be used.
 See the section 3.10 for the redundancy requirements.
 Density shall be measured from Density meter.
 The calibrated volume of the Meter Prover shall be according to API MPMS Chapter 4
Section 9 all parties.

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Requirements for Uncertainty Class B:

 Single phase measurement of liquid hydrocarbon is the preferred flow condition;
however, in case of two phases may be present, during limited periods of process
instability, the involved contractual parties shall accept this kind of measurement.
 Density may be measured from Density meter.
2.4 APPLICATIONS OF DYNAMIC MEASUREMENT
2.4.1 General
The technologies considered in this document are recommended for use with new measurement
applications. Liquid measurement using existing equipment and techniques not in compliance
with this standard may have a higher uncertainty than liquid measurement based on the
recommendations contained in this document.
The FMS shall be used for measuring of imported / exported liquid hydrocarbon and for
allocation as well. It is generally “Dynamic type” and includes the following
equipment/components:
Class A (IMPORTED / Class B
COMPONENT EXPORTED LIQUID
(ALLOCATION)
HYDROCARBON)
Liquid hydrocarbon Flow Meter YES YES
Pressure Transmitter YES YES
Temperature Transmitter YES YES
Automatic Sampling System YES OPTIONAL
Manual Sampling System YES OPTIONAL
Prover unit YES OPTIONAL
Densitometer YES OPTIONAL
Water in oil analyzer YES OPTIONAL
Sulphur compounds analyzers OPTIONAL OPTIONAL
Flow Computer(s) YES YES
Supervisory System YES OPTIONAL
OPTIONAL means that the Component is not necessary but can be used upon project
requirement.
LIQUID HYDROCARBON
FISCAL METERING SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
DYNAMIC TYPE
SUPERVISORY
FLOW COMPUTER SYSTEM
Local HMI
METER
PROVER
PT TT DT AT
METER FT
The measurement method shall be by Ultrasonic meter, Coriolis meter, Turbine meter, or
Positive Displacement Meter (refer to paragraph 3.3.5). For the meter prover refer to par. 3.6.
In order to select the best meter technology for a given application, it is important to identify
the metering conditions to which the flowmeter will be exposed. These conditions shall include:
– Operational flowrate and flow properties: one-directional, two-directional, continuous,
intermittent or oscillating.
– Density, pressure and temperature operational range;
– Maximum acceptable pressure drop;

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– Viscosity operational range.

API MPMS Chapter 6 covers standardized procedures for the design, installation, and operation
of metering systems in hydrocarbon measurement such as:
SYSTEM MPMS Chapter 6 Part
Lease Automatic Custody Transfer (LACT) Systems 6.1
Pipeline Metering Systems 6.6
2.4.2 Lease Automatic Custody Transfer (LACT) Systems

The Lease Automatic Custody Transfer (LACT) system is a critical system in the ownership
transfer of crude oil and petroleum products from the production site to trucks, pipelines or
storage tanks.
The LACT system shall determine Indicated Volume, Gross Standard Volume, Net Standard
Volume, and quality. It should also provide for safe and tamperproof operation, and meet
requirements of accuracy and dependability agreed by mutually concerned parties including
any regulatory agencies affected.
2.4.3 Pipeline Metering System
Pipeline measurement systems is defined as a metering station on a pipeline where custody
transfer measurement takes place through one or more meters.
2.5 APPLICATIONS OF STATIC MEASUREMENT
Whenever the FMS will be “Static type”, the following methods are recognized:
a) Manual Tank Gauging according to API MPMS 3.1A;
b) Automating Tank Gauging according to API MPMS 3.1B for stationary tanks;
c) Manual or electronics gauging for liquid hydrocarbons products in Tank cars according
to API MPMS 3.2.
API MPMS Chapter 6.5 (Metering Systems for Loading and Unloading Marine Bulk Carriers)
covers standardized procedures for the design, installation, and operation of metering systems
in hydrocarbon measurement.
Measurement of temperature, sampling, density and sediment and water are discussed in API
MPMS 7.1, 7.2 and 7.4 for temperature, API MPMS 8.1 and API MPMS 8.2 for sampling, API
MPMS 9.4 for density and in API MPMS 10.1, 10.4 and 10.5 for sediment and water.
Conversion of tank level to liquid volume is covered in API MPMS 12.1.
Measurement of weight or mass is covered in API MPMS 16.2.
2.5.1 Level measurement
The level measurement could be used for the Fiscal/Custody Transfer measurement of fluids in
bulk storage tanks and vessels. Two methods are recognized:
• A volume based tank gauging system based on level and temperature;
• Mass based tank gauging system based on hydraulic pressure of the liquid column.
The Automatic Tank Gauging system can be used for these purposes.
2.5.2 Metering Systems for Loading and Unloading Marine Bulk Carriers
API MPMS Chapter 3 covers standardized procedures for gauging liquid hydrocarbons in various
types of tanks, containers, and carriers.
Gauging liquid hydrocarbons of tanks (closed storage vessels larger than a drum) shall use one
or more of the following methods:

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SYSTEM MPMS Chapter

Manual Gauging of Petroleum and Petroleum Products 3.1A
Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tanks by
3.1B
Automatic Tank Gauging
Liquid Hydrocarbons in Stationary Pressurized Storage Tanks by
3.3
Automatic Tank Gauging
Liquid Hydrocarbons by Hybrid Tank Measurement Systems 3.6
API MPMS Chapter 17 “Marine Measurement” provides guidelines for the measurement and
reporting of crude oil or petroleum product transfers by shore terminal operators, vessel
personnel, and other parties involved in marine cargo transfer measurement and accountability
operations.
2.5.3 Truck Weighing System
In a truck application, a weighing system typically includes load cells connected to a weight
controller with relevant peripherals, such as PC, printer, keyboard or large scale display. When
a load is applied to the cells (a truck on the platform), a portion of the load is transmitted to
each load cell. Each cell sends an electrical signal proportional to the load via a cable to the
weight controller which converts and sum the load cell signals before to provide the total weight
value both as a remote signal and locally as a weight reading.
Project team shall provide the design in function of the application, service, location and
applicable codes/rules.
Directive 2014/31/UE covers non-automatic weighing instruments which are distinguished
mainly in the following categories:
a) determination of mass for commercial transactions;
b) determination of mass for the calculation of a toll, tariff, tax, bonus, penalty,
remuneration, indemnity or similar type of payment.
Directive 96/53/EC carry out rules on weights and dimensions for vehicles. Vehicles which
diverge from the EU regulations are permitted in national operations or after applying for a
special permit.
The weight measures may be obtained by using automatic systems to be installed in the plant
facilities or on-board systems installed in the vehicles. The first application shall be designed
to ensure a static weigh measurement which can be certified by third party authority; the
second one is mainly related to the vehicle using either weigh-in-motion (WIM) systems or on-
board weighing (OBW) sensors in vehicles. The WIM technology is subject to the local authority
acceptance/certification; however, currently this technology is not considered inside this
Company standard.
OIML R 134 (Automatic instruments for weighing road vehicles in motion and measuring axle
loads) shall be considered only for the static weighing application mode.
2.6 ANALYZERS
2.6.1 Continuous Online Measure of Water Content
API MPMS Chapter 8.2 or ISO 3171 describes general procedures and equipment for
automatically obtaining samples of liquid hydrocarbon products from the sample point into the
primary container. When custody transfer is involved, continuous automatic sampling is the
preferred method as opposed to manual pipeline samples. In the event of automatic sampler
failure, manual sampling may be needed. Such manual samples should be taken as
representatively as possible.

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The water-in-oil meter shall automatically and continuously measure the percentage of
produced water by volume in a crude flow at line conditions. In addition, the percentage of
produced water shall be calculated by volume at standard condition and on mass basis.
Continuous Online Measure of Water Content in Petroleum (Crude Oil and Condensate) is
covered by Technical Report API TR 2570. The purpose of this technical report is to provide
guidance for the installation and operation of an Online Water measurement Device (OWD) for
online measurement of water content in petroleum (crude oil and condensate) in real-time.
Also, a consistent data collection is provided as guidance to allow for long term performance
assessment. Applications for the OWD include pipeline and marine applications, use as an
operational tool for allocation of production, or other forms of non-custody transfer process
management.
The OWD provides instantaneous water percentage readings. When coupled with a pacing
device (e.g., meter) the total amount of water can be determined (net oil). OWDs may be used
in different applications such as Pipeline, Marine systems (ship loading/unloading), truck or rail
loading/unloading, Production equipment/facilities (e.g.: well, manifold, separator, etc.),
Refining Process equipment.
OWDs can be used in conjunction with other methods of water determination or as a stand-
alone method. However, automatic sampling may be essential for determining other petroleum
fluid properties and when the retention of samples is required for audit.
The OWD should be tested for acceptance as described in this technical report, and go through
an on-going verification program as described in this technical report. Operation with different
crude oils and different conditions may require additional testing and verification. This
technology should be viewed as one of several methods to determine the water in petroleum
and petroleum products. The method for measuring water in petroleum should be selected with
consideration given to installation, application, and properties of the product(s) being
measured.
2.6.2 Basic Sediment & Water Content
API MPMS Chapter 10 describes methods and procedures for determining the amount of Basic
Sediment and Water (BS&W), either together or separately in petroleum products.
2.6.3 Sulphur Content
Refer to IEC TR 61831 or API RP 555 for continuous on-line analyzers to measure and transmit
chemical composition (including sulphur content), physical properties, or chemical properties
are known as process analyzer systems.
2.7 CALCULATIONS
The main calculation topics of a Fiscal Measurement System are the following:
a) Identify the applicable standards and procedures to be complied and applied in function
of the involved equipment, application, primary instruments, secondary instruments,
prover type, etc. Some procedures and formulas are shown in the APPENDIX D.
b) Ensure that the selected equipment/components/system and relevant architecture are
accepted from the involved contractual parties.
c) Verify that any measurement data (both automatically or manually entered) shall be
accurate, reliable and traceable according to international/national standards.
d) Where geometrical dimensions are used in fiscal calculations, these shall be traceably
measured and certified according to international/national standards.
e) The core of a custody transfer or fiscal metering installation is the flow computer. It is
the device that takes the inputs from the measuring devices (flowmeters, pressure
sensors, temperature sensors, density sensors, and others) and calculates the amount

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of liquid hydrocarbon that has been transferred. These calculations are based on the
selected standard flow calculation algorithms.
f) Each Flow computer and supervisory computer used in the calculation and reporting of
fiscally-measured quantities must be secure, and must display all relevant data to a
resolution sufficient to ensure that it may be independently verified as having been
calculated and/or entered correctly. To maintain traceability, the calibration data and
interpolation calculations should be stored within the flow computer rather than the
meter electronics.
g) Each computer and compensating function, other than data input conversions, should
be made by digital methods. All calculation constants should be securely stored within
the computer and should also be easily available for inspection at the appropriate
resolution.
h) The Flow calculation procedure should include the following:
 A description of the equipment and computer software to be used to convert raw
meter output to a measured quantity of liquid hydrocarbon.
 A description of the mathematical formulas and correlations of pressure, volume
and temperature to be used to convert quantity of liquid hydrocarbons at measured
conditions to an equivalent volume at standard conditions for reporting purposes,
or to estimate quantities of liquid hydrocarbons in streams not directly measured.
 The frequency at which calculations will be made and an assessment of accuracy of
the calculation algorithm including the effects of unintentional rounding errors for
each metering location.
 Sample calculation indicating how reported quantities of liquid hydrocarbon are
obtained giving correction factors proposed for converting meter and instrument
readings to standard conditions.
2.8 CALIBRATIONS
Calibration is the traceable process of testing and adjusting related to an equipment/system /
component to provide accurate values over the prescribed operating range in order to comply
with the reference standards. Calibration procedures shall include each sensing device.
The main calibration topics of a Fiscal Measurement System are the following:
a) Identify the applicable standards and procedures to be complied and applied in function
of the involved equipment, application, primary instruments, secondary instruments,
prover type, etc.
b) All instruments and field variables used for fiscal calculations shall be traceable and
calibrated according to international/national standards. Calibration by an accredited
laboratory fulfils these requirements.
c) Adequate test facilities shall be provided with the Fiscal Metering System in order to
facilitate the checking and calibration of all components/equipment/computing and
totalizing systems.
d) Equipment used for calibration, if included in the scope of supply, shall have a valid
calibration certificate. Such equipment shall have an uncertainty of measurement of
maximum one third of the uncertainty of the instruments to be calibrated under the
conditions at which the tests take place.
e) When the Prover loop is required, it shall be calibrated at the manufacturer's premises
using methods described in API (e.g. MPMS 4.9.1, MPMS 4.9.2) or ISO standards, and
also after installation on site.
f) All geometrical dimensions used in fiscal calculations shall be traceably measured and
certified according to international/national standards.
g) Reference instruments and systems used in measurement calibration/verification shall
be checked periodically against an instrument or system that is at least one level higher

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in the chain of traceability and then calibrated or replaced if appropriate. The reference
standard is SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.000 (Operating Standard for Metering
System Management). Refer to par. 3.11.2 of this document for maintenance and
calibration activities.
h) Any calibration certificate shall be developed/issued considering the following:
 In accordance with the Manufacturer's procedures.
 Individual for each instrument/equipment.
 In agreement to the relative codes/norms or recognized industrial standards
 Issued by an accredited laboratory, National/internationally recognized standards
organization.
 Operating conditions (e.g. pressure, temperature, density/viscosity and flowrate)
of the instrument/equipment shall not exceed the limits specified by the supplier
and/or certificate of approval.
 The calibration of test equipment (e.g.: sphere detectors) shall be traceable to
National/International standards of measurement.
 The calibration data shall include the error of the relevant meter/equipment for at
least 6 points over the whole range of the meter/equipment according to the
relevant code (e.g.: API MPMS, ISO).
 It shall specify the systematic error in the measurement result as a function of
calibrated range and include a statement on the uncertainty of the calibration
results.
i) The Flow calibration procedure should include the following:
 A description of each type of meter including relevant details of accuracy.
 A description of each equipment for maintenance of relevant accuracy.
 A description giving due considerations to the specific equipment
 Manufacturer’s recommendations for calibration procedures and frequency.
2.9 VERIFICATIONS
Verification is the process of comparing the actual field parameters (or simulated parameters
representative of actual field conditions as measured by a traceable reference device) to the
tertiary display device. Typically, the calibration procedure steps are:
 Verification confirms whether the device is operating within some specified tolerance
or requires calibration or repair.
 Verifications should be performed periodically between calibrations as a check for
conformity or drift when the time between calibrations is lengthy.
The verification of the field equipment shall be performed (and documented) as required by
the applicable international/national standards and contractual requirements.
Adequate verification of equipment shall be provided to enable the performance of meters,
computers, totalizers, etc. to be assessed. Reference or transfer standards shall be certified by
a third party with recognized traceability to international/national standards.
The verification shall not replace any activity related to proving or calibration.
API MPMS Chapter 21.2, Section 11.3 (Verification and Calibration Frequency) defines the
appropriate intervals necessary for accuracy, calibration of all electronic liquid measurement
equipment using turbine or positive displacement meters. In case the Coriolis or Ultrasonic flow
meter will be used, the scheduled of proving is function of the manufacturer instructions.
The required frequency of verification (and recalibration as necessary) is dependent upon the
application, the manufacturer’s recommendations, site requirements, and oversight
requirements such as control charts.
The re-verification strategy to be followed is fundamental for the design of each fiscal metering
system and must be considered at the design stage. There are essentially 3 alternatives for
the periodic re-verification and re-calibration of a flowmeter:
• calibration in-situ using a prover;

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• comparison with master meter;

• removal and recalibration at traceable test facility.
2.10 DIAGNOSTIC AND MAINTENANCE STRATEGIES

The whole FMS, including flow meter and field instruments, equipment, etc, requires a very
high degree of attention providing an appropriate level of maintenance in order to maintain the
required uncertainty class.
The predictive/proactive maintenance strategies have the aim to mitigate the unplanned
downtime of an oil & gas plant.
SUPPLIER shall suggest the preventive maintenance strategies to be performed in order to:
 Prevent the failure based on time or usage (irrespective of condition);
 Prevent the failure based on current conditions;
 Prevent the failure by analyzing current conditions with historical data;
 Predict when the failure will be and then act in a timely manner to prevent the failure.
SUPPLIER shall provide a software to be implemented inside the Supervisory system/Server.
This application software shall handle the whole FMS and, as minimum, shall capable to:
 Perform predictive diagnostics from each field device smart type, each flow computer
and any other component/equipment suitable to provide relevant maintenance data;
 Provide real time access to each smart component/equipment to monitor diagnostic,
alerts, etc., giving a view of device health;
 Provide troubleshooting information when an issue is found;

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3 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
The Fiscal Measurement System (FMS) shall measure liquid hydrocarbons flow rates and
accumulated quantities and control an automatic oil sampling system if any. Where applicable,
approval by the national authorities is required for the Measurement System. The Measurement
System shall be designed on the maximum flow rate according to the plant class as defined in
paragraph 2.3.
The FMS shall be capable to provide volumetric flow rate, and mass flow rate at standard
conditions, chemical-physical properties, water content and density.
Maximum pressure loss across the measurement station (including in- and outlet headers) shall
be 2.0 bar, with no meter calibration in progress and 2.5 bar, with meter calibration in progress.
Single liquid phase shall be maintained across the measurement station. The operating
pressure in the metering run shall be maintained sufficiently above vapour pressure.
The water content may be determined by either by the use of an on-line water-in-oil meter (as
requested by Class A), or by off-line analysis of representative samples.
For water content above 0.5%, special attention shall be made to ensure compliance with the
uncertainty limits and proper performance of the measurement system.
The FMS shall perform at least the functions listed below:
 calculation of fiscal totals values,
 calculation of average flow rate values,
 flow Computer communication,
 HMI application,
 flow line switching of relevant isolation valves between individual meter runs.
3.1 FMS DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

The design of Fiscal Metering System shall be at least based on the following drivers:
 type of installation (e.g. location on the liquid hydrocarbons network etc.);
 design capacity of the installation (e.g. flow rate or annual volume), refer to par. 3.2
for meter run requirements;
 redundancy requirements as per par. 3.10;
 measuring instrument uncertainty required (by e.g. legislative, regulatory or
commercial considerations), refer to par. 2.3 for the uncertainty;
 liquid hydrocarbon pressure and temperature;
 service (interruptible, not interruptible);
 quality of the liquid hydrocarbons.
The involved parties of the project shall carry out an assessment based on the above
considerations.
3.2 METER RUNS REQUIREMENTS
Instruments used for custody transfer (primary element, transmitters, etc.) shall not be used
for any other purposes (e.g. system regulation, etc.).
Design capacity
The FMS shall be designed to measure any expected operating flow rate within 80 % of
maximum design capacity.
The design capacity of the FMS, with one or more parallel meter runs, is defined as the
maximum flowrate that can be measured. This is the sum of the maximum flowrates of the
installed non-spare meter runs, provided that meter indicates the maximum continuous
flowrate Qmax and the liquid hydrocarbons velocity has reached its maximum allowed safety
level.

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The flow rate in each meter run shall not exceed limits which result in total uncertainty
exceeding the uncertainty limits for systems. The maximum capacity of the FMS shall guarantee
the flow rate measurements even if one line stops.
The flowrates expected under normal operating conditions should fall between 10% and 80%
of the measuring range of the system.
The meter shall either by its own design or by necessary piping arrangement always be
available for necessary maintenance.
Meter runs numbers
The number of meter runs shall be based on:
 turn down ratio
 availability requirements of the entire plant and the measuring station;
 maximum treatment capacity of the entire plant and minimum treatment capacity of a
single treatment run;
 maximum and minimum liquid velocity (meter and meter tube); the internal diameter
of the pipe work shall be designed for liquid velocities of 1÷2 m/s but not exceeding 5
m/s; however, it shall be in compliance with project requirements.
 Spare capacity (at least one spare meter run).
The Automatic Stream Line Switching is requested only for the applications in Class A.
Maintenance activities can require the removal of a meter stream from service. Therefore, for
continuous export systems at least one standby stream should be available when the meter
station is operated at its nominal maximum flow rate.
For meter tubes/runs, which require pressure or depressurization system for maintenance
purposes, a local indication of pressure shall be installed on the high-pressure side.
Based on the above assumption, the number of meter runs for a plant is reported in the
following table, by assuming that the meter Turn down Ratio is m: 1, where m is typically:
 50 for multi path ultrasonic meter,
 4 for positive displacement meter,
 10 for turbine meter,
 30 for Coriolis meter.
Plant Treatment capacity Number of meter run x single element
(max : min) capacity
Less or equal to 10m:1 2 x 100%
From 10m:1 to 20m:1 3 x 50%
From 20m:1 to 30m:1 4 x 33,33%
Meter run pressure setting/equalising

Each meter run shall have
 a connection to drain the meter run,
 a connection for nitrogen purging,
 a small bore by-pass across the inlet or outlet valve for pressure setting/equalizing the
meter run.
Meter runs and header design
In order to ensure that the flow profile at the flow meter is adequate, the cross sectional area
of inlet manifold shall be, as a minimum equal to the sum of areas of the meter runs in operation
(spare runs excluded). For large measurement stations, placing the inlet pipe in the center of
the manifold may reduce the inlet manifold diameter. This is valid unless it is verified and
documented that the flow meter is not influenced by the layout of the meter runs and header
in such a way that the overall uncertainty requirements are exceeded.
A flow conditioner may be installed upstream of the meter, if needed. The strainers shall be
installed upstream of the meter to protect it from solids entrained in the fluid stream. Type and
performance of the strainer shall be agreed with the meter manufacturer.
Parallel metering runs should be provided, each one equipped according to API MPMS 5.8 (if
the flowmeter will be Ultrasonic type), or API MPMS 6.6 (if the flowmeter will be Turbine type),

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or API MPMS 5.6 (if the flowmeter will be Coriolis type), or API MPMS 6.6 (if the flowmeter will
be Positive Displacement type).
Isolation
Each meter run shall have an appropriate isolation level in order to safely allow maintenance,
inspection and testing (control of the primary element, testing of pipes, etc.) operations without
interrupting liquid hydrocarbons flow in the measurement system or stopping the treatment
system. Isolation, depressurization and drainage of the line are required in case of failure and
for periodic checks and calibration of the primary element. To reach this purpose, the isolation
of each meter run shall be realized, both upstream and downstream, according to the Company
Standard 27953.ENG.SAF.STD “Mechanical Isolation Philosophy and Procedures”.
Thermal insulation
The critical components of the Measurement System (straight spools; flow meter, temperature
measurement point of temperature, of density, of pressure, sampling system, etc.) shall be
insulated and/or heat traced, if needed.
There shall be no heat tracing of meter runs between flow meter and temperature
measurement or on the density tubing.
On-Off Valves
Each meter run shall have an appropriate isolation level in order to safely allow maintenance,
inspection and testing (control of the primary element, testing of pipes, etc.) operations without
interrupting liquid hydrocarbons flow in the measurement system or stopping the treatment
system. Isolation, depressurization and drainage of the line are required in case of failure and
for periodic checks and calibration of the primary element. To reach this purpose, each meter
run should be equipped with isolation valves in double-block-and-bleed configuration (two full-
bore ball valves in series with a drain valve in the middle) and however the project isolation
philosophy shall be followed. The Ball valve design can be top entry or side entry and however
shall be defined by the project.
These On/off valves set (in configuration double-block-and-bleed) is generally located at
upstream and at end of each meter run.
The On/off valves eccentric ball type can be used for switching to the meter prover or master
meter downstream each meter run.
The plug valve type can be used for the 4 ways valve that is at Prover meter connections.
The leakage control shall be performed by automatic or manual monitoring of each block valve.
Where required, each valve can be equipped with actuator, preferably electrical type, not fail
safe but “stay in position type”, having limit switches for open and closed position, and can be
remotely operated. The fail signal/power status can be "stay in position". See the Company
standards 20034.ENG.STA.STD (Functional requirements for on-off valves, actuators, local
control panels and accessories) for more details.
Control Valves
The purpose of the meter run flow control is to achieve stable flow at target value during
calibration of the actual meter. It shall only influence the production/total flow through the
measurement system during calibration. There shall be active flow control to achieve stable
flow at target value prior to start of calibration run. There shall be no active flow control during
calibration trials.
The flow control valve shall be located downstream of flow meter/calibrated volume
combination.
Flow control valves shall move to open position on power supply failure or signal failure.
Total station flow control or back pressure functions shall be by valve outside the metering
system.
See the Company standards 28033.ENG.STA.STD (Control valves) for more details.

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Safety Valves
If require, the relief valves shall not be located between the flow meter and exit of calibration
unit to ensure the integrity of the calibration volume.
See the Company standards 28035.ENG.STA.STD (Safety valves and rupture disks) for more
details.
Spare of secondary instruments
A minimum one set of spare instruments of each instrument type (Pressure and Temperature
transmitters, and Level instruments where necessary) shall be available and properly stored.
Also the spare meter shall have a calibration certificate at operating pressure condition and
shall be immediately available and properly stored.
3.3 APPROPRIATE METER SELECTION
The selection of a specific flow meter type depends on individual application and shall be subject
to approval by the contract parties and/or authorities.
The selection of a flow meter and its auxiliary equipment depends on the followings:
 Flow rate and Turndown Ratio (Qmax, Qmin, Qt),
 Measured fluid properties,
 Corrosive properties if any,
 Maximum operating pressure,
 Maximum permissible differential pressure,
 Temperature range,
 Accuracy of temperature compensation,
 Required performances (accuracy and repeatability),
 Intermittent or continuous Service,
 Field-proven technology,
 Lifetime and costs (CAPEX and OPEX),
 Maintenance requirements,
 Installation space available,
 Applicable rules and standards,
 Contractual Constraints,
 Safety requirements.
Furthermore, for the selection of the flow meter, also the following objectives shall be
considered:
 to minimize measuring system uncertainty;
 to ensure high availability;
 to ensure the possibility of real-time monitoring of the measure;
 to select approved (and approvable) primary element and Flow Computer;
 to respect the safety conditions in both operative phase and periodic maintenance
phase;
 to minimize the cost of investment, engineering, installation, operation and
maintenance;
 to pursue high reliability and low maintenance as possible and use preferably primary
elements without moving parts;
 to privilege full bore type and without filtration system primary element, to avoid loss
of pressure;
 to ensure direct measurement and indication of the measured volume.
API MPMS Chapter 5 provides recommendations for the custody transfer metering of liquid
hydrocarbons. The sections of this Chapter 5 are to be used in conjunction with API MPMS
Chapter 6 to provide design criteria for custody transfer metering meet in most applications.
The information of chapter 5 may also be applied to non-custody transfer metering.

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3.3.1 ULTRASONIC FLOW METER

The Ultrasonic flow meter measures the difference in time taken for sound waves to travel in
the flow stream between up and downstream-paired transducers. The transducers shall be
marked by serial number or similar to identify their location in the meter body etc. A dedicated
certificate stating critical parameters shall be attached.
Ultrasonic flow meters can have several sound wave paths through the flow in the pipe.
Algorithms are used to derive the average flow velocity. The actual volumetric flow rate is
calculated from the average velocity and the internal diameter of the meter.
For the ultrasonic flow meter, critical parameters relating to electronics and transducers shall
be documented. It shall be possible to verify the quality of the electric signal, which represents
the acoustic pulse, by automatic monitoring procedures in the instrument or by connecting
external test equipment.
Design
Ultrasonic flow meter shall be designed and built according to ISO 12242 or API MPMS 5.8.
The mechanical stress on the body of the meter shall stay within the limits defined by the
manufacturer in order not to affect the meter accuracy.
The ultrasonic flow meter design shall also meet the following requirements:
 avoiding any liquid or solid accumulation in the vicinity of the transducers or they shall
be drained/flushed out without interrupting the operation;
 paths number defined by required uncertainty limit;
 measurements of acceptable quality even if a transducer pair is out of service;
 dual pulse train with direct transmission of flow meter pulses. The pulse integrity shall
be in accordance with API MPMS Chapter 5.5 or ISO 6551 Level A.
Approval/Certification
Multi-path ultrasonic flow meters shall be subjected to approval by the contract parties and/or
authorities for each individual application.
They shall have a locally approved certificate of calibration in accordance with the
Manufacturer's procedures.
A certificate of the calibration of the ultrasonic flow meter according to ISO 17089-1 at
operating conditions (e.g. pressure, temperature and flowrate) shall be provided if required by
involved parties. See more details in “Best Practice for Metering System Based on Ultrasonic
Meter” SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.003.
Diagnostics
The health checking features (transducer performance/malfunctioning, meter pollution) shall
be embedded in the ultrasonic meters in order to enable early detection of imminent
malfunction of the meter.
Installation
Ultrasonic flow meter shall be installed and operated in accordance with ISO 12242 or API
MPMS 5.8, and Manufacturer's recommended installation practices and applicable regulations.
Swirl and non-uniform velocity profile effects should be reduced to an insignificant level by
piping design.
Straight length requirements, inlet and outlet connections and/or the type and location of a
low pressure-loss flow conditioner should be in accordance with reference rules and
Manufacturer's specifications.
Ultrasonic flow meters shall be installed such that any accumulation in the form of liquid or
solid particles in the vicinity of the transducers is avoided.
Ultrasonic meters may be used bi-directionally. In this case both ends of the meter shall be
considered as upstream.
Isolation valves of the metering run shall be full-bore type.

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Vibrations and pulsating flow may cause systematic errors and should be avoided. Pulsations
(e.g. from compressor stations) could be reduced by pulsation dampeners. The dampeners
shall be designed and built according to ISO TR 3313.
Meter runs shall be thermally insulated in order to eliminate heat transfer from the piping or
instrument well attachments and to meet any limiting value for the accuracy of flow
measurement required. The length of the insulated section shall at least cover the straight
length requirements and shall include the temperature element.
Ultrasonic Noise Disturbance
Ultrasonic flow meters should not be installed in the vicinity of pressure reduction systems
(control valves etc.). These systems generate ultrasonic frequency range noise which can
interfere with the operating signal of ultrasonic flow meter (about 100 KHz).
In order to reduce the noise disturbance, some expedients shall be taken as below:
 To install the control valve downstream the ultrasonic flow meter;
 To install noise damping elements such as straight lengths, labyrinthic paths (elbows,
blind trees, two out-of-plane bends, etc.);
 Changing the ultrasonic flow meter features (operating frequency from 100kHz to
500kHz, alternative signal processing technique, increasing the transducer power);
 Control Valve design choices (ball valve type, low valve pressure drop).
Testing and commissioning requirements
Before being put into operation, the ultrasonic meter shall be checked to verify velocity of
sound and zero flow point. Deviation limits for the various parameters shall be determined prior
to or as soon as possible, after the meter is put into service.
3.3.2 POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT METER
Design
The positive displacement flowmeter shall be designed and built according to ISO 2714 or API
MPMS 5.2. It may be used bi-directionally.
Generally the positive displacement flowmeter consist of a housing which contains the
measurement element. The liquid pass through the measurement element from the inlet to the
outlet connections.
The measuring chamber (element) is the design principle of the positive displacement
flowmeter. The liquid volume is separated into a known quantity as it flows through the
measuring chamber. Each measurement chamber will have its own unique characteristics,
including accuracy, friction loss, pressure drop, debris tolerance, driving torque and
size/weight.
The construction principles of positive displacement for liquids measurement can be done in
several ways as per ISO 2714.
The positive displacement flowmeter measures process fluid flow by precision-fitted rotors as
flow measuring elements. Known and fixed volumes are displaced between the rotors. The
rotation of the rotors is proportional to the volume of the fluid being displaced. The number of
rotations of the rotor is counted by an integral electronic pulse transmitter and converted to
volume and flow rate.

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The pulse transmitter (using generally a proximity pickup type sensor) provides accurate pulse
output signal for remote indication, totalizers and data monitoring systems. A pulse output is
the conversion of the mechanical rotation of the flow meter into a precise ratio of electronic
pulses per volume. The pulse integrity shall be dual pulse train with direct transmission of flow
meter pulses. The pulse integrity shall be in accordance with API MPMS Chapter 5.5 or ISO
6551 Level A.
Each positive displacement flowmeter shall be provided with strainer to protect the meter from
solids entrance.
The design shall ensure that the meter is always completely filled with the process fluid. For
the boat/tanker/track loading stations, the flow meters shall be provided with air/gas
eliminators.
A certificate of the calibration of the positive displacement flow meter according to ISO 2714
at operating conditions (e.g. pressure, temperature and flowrate) shall be provided if
required by involved parties. See more details in “Practice for Metering System based on
positive displacement Device” SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.005.
Installation
The positive displacement meter shall be installed in accordance with Manufacturer's
recommended installation practices and applicable regulations.
The preferred mounting orientation of the positive displacement is in a horizontal orientation
(housing bolts facing sideways, not up/down). This way allows the least amount of internal
drag due to mass of gears. Where necessary, a de-aerator or air eliminator should be installed
to keep air and vapor out of the meter.
Meter runs shall be thermally insulated in order to eliminate heat transfer from the piping or
instrument well attachments and to meet any limiting value for the accuracy of flow
measurement required. The length of the insulated section shall at least cover the straight
length requirements and shall include the temperature element.
3.3.3 TURBINE FLOW METER
The turbine flow meter has a turbine rotor, on which are keyed blades, rotating at the liquid
hydrocarbons flow. The rotor speed is proportional to the speed and thus to the fluid’s flowrate.
In particular, permanent magnets attached to the rotor tips turn with the rotor and produce
magnetic currents in a coil causing a voltage pulse. Every time a magnet passes the coil a pulse
is recorded and the total amount of liquid hydrocarbons that has gone through the meter is
calculated.
The turbine meter shall be in accordance with contractual and/or legal obligations.
Turbines shall normally be used for very clean liquid hydrocarbons in plants where vendors and
calibration facilities are easily available.
Turbine flow meters should not be used where frequently interrupted and/or strongly
fluctuating flow or pressure pulsations are present. The risk of incurring damage from extreme
operating conditions shall be minimized by carefully selecting the location of the measurement
station and by providing adequate, additional protection if required. Typical risks are: dirt or
liquid pollution during start-up, shock waves when opening valves.
Design
Turbine flow meters shall be designed in accordance with ISO 2715 or API MPMS 5.3.
Turbine flow meter shall have minimum straight upstream and downstream meter tube lengths
according to reference standards or manufacturer’s requirements, whichever is the most
stringent.
For each turbine meter a (Weights and Measures) certificate of calibration at a high (line)
pressure shall be available. The calibration data stated in the certificate shall include the error
of the meter for at least 6 points over the whole range of the meter according to ISO 2715.
See more details in “Best Practice for Metering System Based on Turbine Meter”
SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.002.

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Installation
Turbine flow meter shall be installed and operated in accordance with ISO 2715, and
Manufacturer's recommended installation practices and applicable regulations.
Swirl and non-uniform velocity profile effects shall be reduced to an insignificant level by proper
installation of the meter. Straight length requirements, inlet and outlet connections and/or the
type and location of a low pressure-loss flow conditioner shall be in accordance with rules and
Manufacturer's specifications.
Filtering systems shall be installed upstream of the meter to prevent damages of the turbine
due to solid elements into the fluid.
Filters can be installed upstream of the metering station entering collector, or one for each line.
The filter elements shall be of such a type that 98 % of particles measuring 1 gm or larger will
be intercepted, or the turbine Manufacturer's requirements shall be followed if more stringent.
Turbine meters shall be provided with vane failure detection. If necessary, flow straighteners
of standard features (ref. ISO 2715) should be installed. The flow straightener shall be installed
inside the upstream straight section.
3.3.4 CORIOLIS FLOW METER
The Coriolis flow meter directly measures the mass flow by sensing the Coriolis force on a
vibrating tube(s). The sensor housing consists of one or more tubes that vibrate at their
resonant frequency by a Drive Coil. Sensing pickoff coils located on the inlet and outlet sections
of the tube(s), oscillate in proportion to the sinusoidal vibration. During flow, the vibrating
tube(s) and mass flow couple together, due to the Coriolis force, causing twisting of the flow
tube(s), from inlet to outlet, producing a phase shift between the signals generated by the two-
pickoff coils.
Mass flow rate is directly proportional to the time difference, or phase shift, determined by the
velocity detector signals. Although it is possible to determine the values of fluid density and
temperature by the Coriolis meter, the calculation of the volume and energy shall be done by
connecting the meter to a flow computer.
The density signal from the Coriolis flow shall be not used as fiscal measurement meter but it
may be used as an indicative measurement, e.g. for the detection of liquid.
The Coriolis meter can be used without accuracy loss even in case of frequent interruptions
and/or fluctuations in the liquid hydrocarbons flow or pulse pressure.
Coriolis flow meter is subjected to noticeable pressure drop.
Design
Coriolis flow meters shall be designed in accordance with ISO 10790 or API MPMS 5.6 and with
field proven installation practices and also with contractual and/or legal obligations.
In order to limit risks of calibration shifts, due to material erosion and corrosion, specific
materials shall be used.
When Coriolis flow meter is used as master meter for validation, special attention shall be
dedicated to cross talk effect. It is possible to avoid this effect by
 separating the sensors over a distance of three times the lay-length of the meter (so as
to achieve sufficient signal attenuation),
 applying meters that operate at different vibrating frequencies.
The Coriolis flow meter shall have a locally approved certificate of calibration in accordance
with the Manufacturer's procedures. The calibration data stated in the certificate shall include
the error of the meter for at least 6 points over the whole range of the meter.
See more details in “Best Practice for Metering Systems based on Coriolis Meter”
“SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.004”.
Installation
Coriolis meter shall be installed and operated in ISO 10790 or API MPMS 5.6 and Manufacturer's
recommended installation practices and applicable regulations.
Furthermore, Manufacturer’s recommendations shall be implemented regarding:

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 upstream and downstream piping requirements and the use of flow conditioners.
 noise conditions due to other frequencies (generated by pulsations, liquid hydrocarbons
velocity, valves, chocked flows, liquid and solid in the flow, etc.) different from exciting
frequency of the tube.
Changes in some forces (axial, bending, torsional), resulting from variations in process
temperature and/or pressure, can affect the Coriolis meter’s performance, therefore clamping
arrangements of the meter shall be realized in order that no forces are exerted on the meter.
Diagnostics
The health checking features shall be embedded in the Coriolis flow meters in order to enable
early detection of imminent malfunction of the meter.
3.3.5 Meter Selection Table
The below table context is only for providing indications to guide in the selection of the flow
meter; it is based on technical considerations such as class uncertainty, maintenance, reliability
and availability.
FLOWMETER TYPE POSITIVE ULTRASONIC

CORIOLIS
DISPLACEMENT TURBINE
UNCERTAINTY (*) Spool piece
CLASS
CLASS A (Import/export    
Hydrocarbon Liquid)
CLASS B (Allocation)    
key:  Recommended;  Good;  Acceptable (May be used)

(*) The use of POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT technology shall be subjected by Technical Authority
approval.
3.4 SECONDARY INSTRUMENTATION
This document also provides guidance on field instrumentation and installation requirements.
Reference shall also be made to COMPANY Standards 20048.ENG.STA.STD (Instrumentation
General Design Requirements), 20047.ENG.STA.STD (Requirements for the Installation of
Instrumentation) and other Company standards properly mentioned.
Secondary instrumentation is used to perform the following measurements:
 Pressure,
 Temperature,
 Flowing density,
 Density at base or standard reference conditions,
 Fluid composition,
 Analyzers (e.g.: Water in oil, Sulphur compounds).
Pressure and temperature shall be measured in each meter run/tank system. Where provided,
density shall be measured from Densitometer that can be installed in the common header.
Hydrocarbon liquid composition can be measured from manual sampling analysis.
Pressure measurement instruments etc. and calibration connections should be mounted in a
dedicated temperature-controlled calibration housing, in order to condition the inside
environment in line with the temperature specifications of the calibration equipment, and to
accommodate utilities and calibration facilities.
The housing shall be free of vibration and shall match the following requirements:
 area classification and electrical safety requirements;
 room heating and (natural) ventilation or conditioning;
 quick clutches for calibration instruments;
 sufficient space for the application of calibration equipment.

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Where possible, provision should be made for the on-site verification of these secondary
measurements.
Electrical connection of Field instrument
Field instrument cable entry shall be metric threads or NPT; however, according to relevant
certification.
Smart transmitters
Electronic transmitters shall be microprocessor-based, smart type, suitable for maintenance /
diagnostic purposes by dedicate software for HART application.
Each electronic transmitter shall have an output signal 4÷20mA obtained through a two-wire
system at 24Vdc and shall have also a local output indicator (digital type). The scale on the
transmitters will be in engineering units.
3.4.1 Pressure measurement
Every pressure transmitter shall have its own continuous sensing line and shall not be combined
with any other additional component.
The signal stability of smart pressure and smart pressure transmitters shall be equal or better
than ± 0.1 % of upper range limit for 12 months.
3.4.2 Temperature measurement
Temperature measurement and their installation shall comply with API RP 551 and with
Company Standards mentioned above.
The smart temperature transmitter’s stability shall be equal or better than ± 0.1 °C for 24
months.
The liquid hydrocarbons temperature shall not adversely affect the performance of the flow
meter and shall be kept within the operating range of the measuring instruments.
Thermowells shall not introduce any flow perturbations that influence the measurement
accuracy of primary flow meters. Therefore, the thermowell shall be generally positioned
downstream of the fluid meter.
In order to ensure that the measured temperature at the thermowell is the same as that of the
liquid hydrocarbon passing through the meter, it can be necessary to insulate the thermowell’s
external part and the pipework for a suitable distance downstream and upstream of the meter.
Temperature loop
For fiscal measurement applications each temperature loop is constitute by the smart
temperature transmitter with its sensor based on Pt-100 element (4-wire or 3-wire system).
The Pt-100 element should as a minimum be in accordance with IEC 60751, tolerance Class A.
Temperature transmitter and Pt-100 element shall be calibrated as one system where the Pt-
100 element's curve-fitted variables shall be downloaded to the temperature transmitter before
final calibration. The total uncertainty for the temperature loop shall be better than ±0.15°C.
Thermowells
The Thermowells inner diameter shall be suitable for elements of 6 mm that should be used.
Thermowells shall be mounted in such a manner that the temperature element can be installed
and removed from the well for maintenance reasons.
Each thermowell shall at least be inserted 1/3 ID into the pipe, but less than 1/2 ID. Further
details and principles are given in API RP 551. Where a second thermowell is necessary, it shall
be installed within 2 ID of the primary thermowell.
For horizontal pipes thermowells shall be installed in clock position between 10 and 2 to allow
for liquid filling of the well. For vertical pipes thermowells shall be installed to allow for liquid
filling of the well.
The design shall avoid critical vibration in the thermowell. The vibration calculation shall be
done for 20 % above maximum design flow rate, see ANSI/ASME Performance Test Code 19.3.
3.4.3 Density measurement
Direct density measurement

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If the determination of density is achieved by direct measurement with a dedicated instrument,

according to API MPMS 9.4, the density value shall be corrected to the standard conditions at
the fiscal flow measurement point.
The transducer output signal (frequency or digital) shall be transmitted to the Supervisory
System/Flow Computer.
The uncertainty (expanded uncertainty with a coverage factor k = 2) of the complete density
circuit, including drift between calibrations shall not exceed ±0.30 % of measured value.
Calculation of density
If determined by calculation, the density may be calculated according to API MPMS 11.1,
detailed characterization method.
For special applications, other methods may be considered.
3.4.4 Installation of Instruments
General
In order to avoid any flow pulsation effect, each meter run will be designed according to ISO
TR 3313 guidance.
The densitometer pocket should be located between 2D and 5D downstream of the flowmeter.
Pressure and temperature measurement shall be measured as close as possible to the density
measurement.
Manufacturer's recommendations shall be followed for the location of the pressure tapping for
the pressure and temperature measurements.
Generally, the temperature transmitter(s) for uni-directional flow measurement shall be located
between 2D and 5D downstream of the flowmeter. For bi-directional flow measurement this
location shall be between 3D and 5D upstream or downstream of the meter or as specified by
individual manufacturers requirements.
The temperature measurement shall not be influenced by heat transfer from the piping or
thermowell attachment. An additional thermowell shall be provided for each metering line for
reference measurement/testing.
Where a flow control valve is necessary, this valve shall be installed downstream of the meter
to protect it from excessive flow rates.
Ultrasonic measurements
The pressure shall be measured at the Ultrasonic Flowmeter body or downstream the flow
meter. The operating pressure shall be measured at the location of the pressure tapping, which
shall be within an angle of 30° from bottom orientation of the pipe.
3.4.5 Instrument Bulk materials and cables
For the instrument bulk materials, refer to the following Company documents:
 11591.ENG.STA.STD.: INSTRUMENT BULK MATERIALS
 06798.ENG.STA.STD.: INSTRUMENTATION ELECTRIC AND FIBER OPTIC CABLES
Isolation of Instruments
According to the project isolation philosophy, an isolation ball valve or an assembly of double
block and bleed valves (two ball valves in series and one bleed valve in the TEE connection)
shall be applied to isolate each pressure tap connection to the relevant instrument.
Each pressure instrument shall be equipped with a 2 valves manifold.
The instrument tubing and compression fitting will connect the isolation valve(s) to the manifold
of the relevant pressure instrument.
Instrument tubing and fittings
The instrument impulse tubing shall not be less than 12.7 mm (½ in) OD. The tubing length
should be kept as short as possible.
Enclosures
Enclosures shall be used for stream pressure, temperature and densitometer transmitters. The
type shall be fire retardant GRP or equivalent. If the instruments are installed in exposed area,
enclosure shall be insulated, heated and temperature controlled.

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Instrumentation Cables
Control and instrumentation cables shall be flame retardant (according to IEC 60332-1-3), low
smoke zero halogen (LSZH) type and shall have a rated voltage of 150/250V (for cable section
<= 1mm2 in accordance with IEC 60092-376), and 0.6/1 kV (for cable section > 1 mm2 in
accordance with IEC 60092-353).
Cables for safety applications (such as SIS/F&G, including Fire and Gas detection circuits, Fire
Fighting system facilities, PA-GA facilities, etc.) shall be fire resistant and meet the fire
performance characteristics defined in IEC 60331.
Instrument signal cables shall be twisted pair/triad shielded. Electric shielding is required for
the cables carrying analogue and digital signals; total shield for multicable carrying digital
signals, total shield and single pair (or triad) shield for cable carrying analogue signals. All
instrument cables shall be adequately supported and identified.
Outdoor instruments cables (both copper and fibre conductors) shall be armoured. While it is
acceptable a non armoured cable for the indoor applications.
Intrinsically safe cables shall be segregated from all others.
Cable trays
Cable trays, with covers and accessories, for off shore service and marine and desert
applications shall be perforated heavy-duty, return flanged cable tray and accessories, AISI
316L SS. Sheet thickness shall be ≥1 mm, dependent on the tray width.
Cable trays, with covers and accessories, for all the other on shore services shall be perforated
heavy duty, return flanged, Hot dipped galvanized steel (unless different project requirements
apply). Sheet thickness shall be ≥1 mm, dependent on the trays width.
Minimum distances between electrical and instrument cable trays shall be as follows:
 300 mm for Low Voltage (below 300V) circuits.
 600 mm for Low Voltage (from 300 V to 1000V) circuits.
 1000 mm for High Voltage (above 1000V) circuits.
Instrument junction boxes
Junction Boxes and associated terminals shall be certified in accordance with the type of circuit
and hazardous area, with a minimum certification of Ex-e. Cable entry into Junction Boxes shall
be through the bottom for multicable and bottom or side for individual cables.
The Junction Box construction shall be AISI 316L SS, carbon loaded or GRP with breather and
IP65 as protection degree.
3.5 SAMPLING SYSTEM
The system shall collect and store a representative liquid hydrocarbons sample, taken at line
conditions, which will be transported to the laboratory for liquid density, salt, sediments, and
composition repeatable analysis.
The sampling system can be automatic or manual type.
Automatic sampling or analysis equipment shall be provided for Class A System only.
This system shall be in accordance with API MPMS 8.2 or ISO 3171.
The system shall be mounted close to the pipeline and sampling lines shall be as short and as
small in diameter as possible in order to decrease the residence time.
The system typically consists of a probe, a by-pass loop, two sample pumps and two sample
receivers for sample transportation and analysis in laboratory.
This sampling system shall collect samples over a specific sample period (e.g. a day, a week,
a month or for a batch) in unattended way. Adequate mixing equipment shall, if deemed
necessary, be installed upstream of the sampling probe.
The Supervisory system shall control the automatic liquid sampler system and
• provide a control signal that is flow proportional by volume,
• monitor the sample volume collected and status of the sampling system.
Manual sampling point shall also be provided.
Manual sampling probe shall be installed such that a representative sample of the liquid
hydrocarbons can be collected. The distance to the nearest upstream disturbance shall be
according to manufacturer’s installation requirements.

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If an auto-sampler is included in the measurement system, the manual sampling may be taken
from the same probe. In order to avoid interaction between probes, and also to ensure
representative samples, special consideration shall be made when multiple probes are installed.
3.6 METER PROVER UNIT
3.6.1 General
Metering configuration applications shall ensure the possibility to perform temporarily or
continuously a comparison between fiscal measurements and check measurements, based on
agreements between involved parties.
The API MPMS Chapter 4.9.3, Annex B depicts a typical way to connect the master meter,
master prover and field prover in series in order to perform the calibration procedure.
Facilities or connections must be provided for proving the meter under conditions as close to
normal as possible.
The meter prover will be used to verify the flow meter uncertainty in order to establish at least:
 the K-Factor (Pulses per unit volume) of a meter;
 the Meter Factor of a meter (factor used with a meter to correct accuracy for meter
drift);
 the Linearity over the calibrated flow range for the meter;
 the Repeatability for the metering system.
This test is performed by placing a liquid meter in series with a meter prover, which has a
known or base volume in such a way that all the liquid measured by the meter is also measured
by the prover.
Metering systems will be provided with either manual or automatic conditions. It is required
that the meter and prover be paired based on flow rate, temperature, pressure, and fluid
characteristics during the design of the station if a fixed prover is being installed at the metering
station.
As per API MPMS 12.2, There are two general classes of liquid provers—displacement provers
and open tank provers. Sub-classes of displacement provers are unidirectional and bidirectional
flow designs, as well as small volume provers which may also be of unidirectional or
bidirectional construction. Sub-classes of open tank provers are top filling or bottom filling
designs with or without lower scales.
The market can provide different types of prover: Conventional Pipe (Bi-directional pipe or Uni-
directional pipe), Tank, Master meter, and Piston/Compact. Decisions for which type of
equipment should be used are based on accuracy requirements, testing flow rates,
measurement turndown requirements, environment, installation constrains, maintenance
activities and possible local authority’s approvals.
The prover equipment can be classified “static” (e.g. volumetric prover, gravimetric prover) or
“dynamic” (e.g. master meter prover, displacement prover with sphere/ball, captive
displacement prover for small volume).
3.6.2 Tank Prover
The tank prover shall be design according to API MPMS Chapter 4.4. This Chapter specifies the
characteristics of tank provers that are in general use and the procedures for their calibration.
This standard does not apply to weir-type, vapour-condensing, dual-tank water-displacement,
or gas-displacement provers.
The volumetric tank prover consists of a certified volume tank or test measure (sized by the
required amount of fluid delivered in 1 minute at the actual maximum flow rate) with graduated
neck and a gauge glass and scale (scale is designed for ± 0.5 percent of tank certified volume)
on the top and possibly the bottom of the tank to measure the tank zero start and stop volume
position respectively. There will be temperature measurement locations on an open or closed
type system.
The stationary closed tank prover is generally equipped with inlet/outlet flow connections and
drain valve, vapor recovery or release system, overlapping tank side level glasses, level
transmitter top mounted, pressure gauge/transmitter, temperature gauge/transmitter. The

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portable tank prover is a system similar to the stationary one and equipped also with the
additional components needed are a vehicle or trailer, leveling equipment, hoses and
connectors, and possibly a small liquid pump-off system.
API MPMS Chapter 4.8 covers the use of an operating proving system; the most important part
is selecting the correct size tank for the meter flow rate(s) to be calibrated. Once all piping
connections are established and tank is verified as empty the inlet flow to the prover begins
and fills the tank to the appropriate level. When the tank has reached the upper neck gauge
glass and the fill line falls within determined tank volume scales, the flow is stopped. The
technician reads the scale for the exact gross volume measurement in the tank and this volume
has a direct relationship with the registered volume of the meter under test. These values are
then used to calculate a new meter factor. A verification proving is then required to assure that
any changes applied had the desired result.
The volume tank prover may be used for the calibration of liquid flow meters; and is also
approved for performing a volumetric water draw calibration of volume displacement prover as
per API MPMS Chapter 4.9.
Using the gravimetric tank prover, the most significant component is the certified weights
used to calibrate the scale and the scale(s) itself. The scale is used to weigh the tank empty to
establish tare weight, and also verify the weight of the product in the tank once a quantity is
measured through the meter and into the scale tank. The volume amount is verified by the
equipment mass weight on the scale. Once the weight of the product is determined, the product
density must be verified and used to convert the mass measurement to a volumetric
measurement for comparison to the meters registered volume.
Gravimetric test measure tank proving in a test lab environment is one way that displacement
type prover’s manufacturers use to verify the volume of the measurement area of each size
prover. When completing a water draw certification for a displacement prover, the weighted
amount is determined by the amount of fluid registered between detector switch one and
detector switch two. Once the weight of the distilled water is found, the temperature and
pressure of the water in the prover body is used to convert to a certified volume amount. (Refer
to API MPMS Chapters, 4.9.4, Chapter 12.2.4).
3.6.3 Conventional Pipe Prover
The prover loop shall be preferably bi-directional type to eliminate possible directional bias,
according to API MPMS Chapter 4.1 and Chapter 4.2, and shall provide at least the following
performances:
• The uncertainty limits are ±0.04% of calibrated volume (expanded uncertainty with a
coverage factor k=2);
• The repeatability shall be within 0.02% (band) when the method "5 successive repeats"
is used;
• Interpolation may be used to achieve 0.01% pulse resolution. The prover shall have four
distinct calibrated volumes with two detector switches at either end. The volume’s range
shall not exceed ±0.01% of the mean volume;
• Displacer velocity not to exceed 3m/s to avoid slippage past the displacer;
• Number of meter pulses generated over swept volume should be at least 20,000 pulses
(This is equivalent to 10000 pulses between detectors on bi-directional provers, or the
equivalent accuracy greater than 1 pulse in 10000 be achieved.).
The meter prover shall be equipped at least with the following:
• Dual sphere detectors and switches at each end of the swept volume. At least two
volumes should be calibrated so that failure of a detector or switch does not invalidate
the prover calibration.
• The detector should be designed such that the contacting head of the detector protrudes
far enough into the prover pipe to ensure switching takes place at all flow rates met with
during calibration and normal operation.
• Quick opening cover on displacer home chamber and crane system to help operator
during inspection and replace sphere operation.

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• Prover ball basket on displacer home chamber.

• Specially designed flanges in pre-run/calibrated section.
• Connections to facilitate recalibration with suitable equipment such as a dedicated water-
draw tank or a portable prover and transfer meter.
3.6.4 Compact Prover
In order to achieve the uncertainty of 1 part out of 10000 using the Prover counters with an
uncertainty of ± 1 pulse, the double chronometry pulse interpolation technique, described in
API MPMS Chapter 4.6, can be applied with precision of optical switches and modern electronics
and high speed timers eliminating the need for the extremely large volumes to reach the
expected uncertainty.
The prover design shall be according to API MPMS Chapter 4.1, and shall provide at least the
following performances:
• The uncertainty limits are ±0.04% of calibrated volume (expanded uncertainty with a
coverage factor k=2);
• The repeatability shall be within 0.02% (band) when the method of "5 successive runs"
is used.
• Displacer velocity may exceed 3m/s to avoid slippage past the displacer for the piston
type prover if seal integrity can be demonstrated.
• It shall be guaranteed at least 10000 meter pulses between detectors or less if proper
clock frequency is adopted for the use of the double-chronometry pulse interpolation
technique.
The major components of the compact prover are the prover body, prover frame, piston
assembly, optic switches, puller assembly, drive system, drive shaft, and controller.
3.6.5 Master Meter
The master meter prover has unlimited applications for proving and is noted in the API MPMS
Chapter 4.5. The required verification of the master meter’s accuracy can be established by
using a displacement type or a volumetric tank prover. This should be completed prior to the
start of any transfer when product characteristics (products, temperature, pressure, density,
viscosity) have changed since last master meter use.
The API MPMS Chapter 4.5 covers the use of positive displacement, turbine, Coriolis and
Ultrasonic as typical master. The requirements in this standard are intended for single-phase
liquid hydrocarbons. Meter proving requirements for other fluids should be appropriate for the
overall custody transfer accuracy and should be agreeable to the parties involved.
3.7 FLOW COMPUTER
The API MPMS Chapter 5.4 provides guidance on the use of electronic Flow Computer based on
microprocessor controlled CPU, specifically designed to perform the following main functions:
 Computation of volume or mass flow-rate,
 Calculation of flow Accumulation registers,
 Data transfer.
 To handle pulse integrity according to ISO 6551, level A.
 The pulse interpolation shall be in accordance with ISO 7278-3 in order to meet the
requirement of 0.01 % volume resolution during meter calibration.
The Flow Computer shall only be dedicated to functions related to metering tasks, the
measurement management shall be segregated in a specific Management System (or
Supervisory System) separated from the Flow Computer. Specific algorithms shall be
implemented in the Flow Computer using the analogue and digital signals coming from flow
meter, pressure transmitter, temperature transmitter, densitometer, etc.
A Flow Computer shall be dedicated to each meter run. In case of multiple parallel meters run,
a Flow Computer shall be installed for each line.
The utilization of multi-stream flow computers to manage multiple meter runs is possible only
after local legal regulations verification and project approval; in this case it shall be a second

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flow computer in "hot stand-by” status to permit the maintenance or replacement of the
computer without interrupting the measurement. In "multi-stream" configuration, the Flow
Computer in "hot stand-by” status shall obtain all the information and it shall perform the same
functions of the master Flow Computer. The fiscal information shall be available on both Flow
Computers.
A Flow computer shall be provided for the Meter Prover and another Flow computer for the
Master Meter. Refer to the Appendix B to see an example of a metering station architecture.
3.7.1 Minimum Technical Requirements
The flow computer should have adequate redundancy (CPU, power supply module, switch, etc.)
to ensure that failure of any component will not affect the metering functionality.
The flow computer shall be generally provided with a LCD display capable of displaying the
following information minimum:
• Instantaneous Flow Rate,
• Totalized volume/mass,
• Instantaneous Temperature,
• Instantaneous Pressure,
• Accumulated volume/mass,
• All factors used in the flow equations,
• Manually entered data.
Each flow computer shall be capable to handle at least the signals shown in the Appendix C.
Flow computer shall be interfaced with Supervisory System for passing of flow, and diagnostic
parameters. The flow computer shall have minimum of four numbers of isolated 4÷20mA
output signals, which are independently configurable.
The flow computer shall have the following minimum requirements:
Power supply unit
 Power supply: N° 2 lines (floating type) at 230 VAC from UPS,
 Module quantity: N° 2 (if possible),
 Redundancy type: 1+1 (if possible),
 Output Power supply: 24 VDC,
 Power rating suitable for the whole Flow Computer.
CPU processor card(s)
 Processor at 32 bit,
 adequate memory capacity for the initial configuration plus the contingency,
 Equipped with batteries used for maintaining RAM memory,
 Battery life shall not be less than 1000 days,
 Hot backup facilities for CPU standby,
I/O cards common features
 Galvanic or optic insulation (from field terminal assemblies) either channel to channel
and channel to ground,
 Equipped with integrated LEDs showing the channel status (Health status, Failure or
error status indication on card of any signal),
 Protection against radio-frequencies transient.
Analogue Input cards
 Acceptance of transmitters working with HART protocol in analogue mode based on 4-
20 mA @ 24 V dc,
 Software filters, signal characterization (i.e.: square root, extraction, linearization) a/o
pulse dumpers on the input signals,
 250 Ohm as maximum resistance for the analogue input,
 Analogue to Digital conversion system with resolution of 16 bits,
 8 is the maximum quantity of signals per card,
 Cycle time of 1 s for FT, PT and PDT, and 5 s for temperature and density transmitter.
Analogue Output cards (if necessary)

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 750 Ohm as maximum resistance for the analogue input,

 Digital to Analogue conversion system with resolution of 16 bits,
 8 is the maximum quantity of signals per card.
Digital Input cards (if necessary)
 Bounce and chatter filters to prevent erroneous alarms during contact
closure/opening,
 Voltage (e.g.: 24 Vdc) to feed the contacts,
Digital Output cards (if necessary)
 Bounce proof filter,
 Output providing 0.5 A @ 24 Vdc as current to feed a field device such as Solenoid
valve, Lamp, etc.,
Serial communication cards
 Standard interface type RS 232 with communication protocol Modbus RTU, and copper
cable type when the involved distances are lower than 15m,
 Standard interface type RS 485 with communication protocol Modbus RTU, and copper
cable type when the involved distances are up to 200m,
 Standard interface type Ethernet with communication protocol TCP/IP, and copper cable
for distances lower than 100m,
 Standard interface type Ethernet with communication protocol TCP/IP, and Optical Fibre
cable for distance higher than 100m.
Availability
The Flow Computer shall have a design to maintain fiscal measurement, calculations and file
storage during error conditions.
The availability of the fiscal Flow computer shall be documented and better than 99.5%.
3.7.2 Maintenance Mode
The Flow Computer(s) shall have a dedicated maintenance mode (i.e. for calibration or test),
which is activated when the liquid hydrocarbons flow meter is taken off normal operational
duty, e.g. during validation or when the Flow Computer is tested. The test mode shall enable
functional testing of all or some of the Flow Computer hardware and software functionality.
When a Flow Computer is in standby mode, all functions, fiscal values and parameters shall at
all times be available and equal to those in the main Flow Computer.
3.7.3 Data Integrity and Cyber Security
The overall logical and physical security of a computer configuration shall be demonstrated and
ensured.
The algorithms and fixed parameters important for accurate computation of fiscal quantities
shall be organized in a layered security system in such a way that only authorized personnel
can access them.
Any change in algorithms and/or parameters shall be registered and stored with identification
of the initiator and the date, as well as the "as-found” and the "as-left" values of parameters.
The data transmission links shall be continuously monitored and an alarm shall be generated
if faults are detected.
Each Flow Computer shall be equipped with automatic self-diagnostic functions, which will be
executed every computing cycle or every 10 seconds, whichever is less. The results of this
diagnostic action will be made available instantaneously to the Supervisory System. The
following monitoring facilities should be typically available:
• error in execution of routines;
• error in permanent stored data;
• error in internal voltage reference values;
• flow of mass and volume outside the range;
• input diagnostics from any faulty secondary equipment such as transmitters,

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densitometers etc.;
• deviations between measured values, valve status and parallel metering runs.
The Flow Computer parameters, e.g. the calibration factors of flow meters and the parameters
for calculating fiscal amounts, should be stored in the Supervisory System, compared
continuously and alarmed in case of deviation.
If the flow computer(s) or supervisory computer(s) are connected to a network, appropriate
security and protection shall be applied, i.e. only dedicated computers shall have access to the
measurement computers, accordingly with the requirements defined in the relevant section of
the Company specification “Design Guideline for Integrated Control and Safety Systems”
27607.ENG.STA.STD.
Network communication shall utilize a protocol where protection and security is a part of the
protocol.
3.7.4 Administrative Functions
The Flow Computer shall provide ample recording and logging functions through a secure
communication facility to other systems (e.g. transmission of hourly or daily reports). The
following functions shall be provided by the Flow Computer system (if applicable):
• Viewing of on-line data for all measurement lines and for all Measurement System;
• Viewing, storing and printing of the quantities measured (hourly, daily and monthly)
on each line;
• and the whole Measurement System;
• Viewing, printing and management of events and alarms;
• Management of: operator interfaces communications with the connected systems,
automatic reports and requested report.
3.7.5 Print-Outs and Automatic Logging
The fiscal computing system shall have sufficient ports for recording devices and alarm printers
where required by legislation.
A common printer for alarms and reports may be used if an acceptable priority routine is
established. The fiscal computing system shall have provision for (suppressed) automatic
logging, storing and reporting of the following information:
• alarms for any faults detected by the computer;
• manually entered parameters on the computer that can be changed by an operator.
Where fixed values are used instead of the live signals this shall be identified on the
print-out;
• quantity reports, printed every 24 hours with optional interim reports (i.e. Hourly
Quantity Report);
• instantaneous values for flowrate and all signals from the meters and the instrument
loops;
• any change of parameters or algorithms;
• calibration reports;
• configuration parameters e.g. calibration constants, meter dimensions, time
averaging period, and sampling rate.
The fiscal computing system shall, for each meter run, automatically log and store at intervals
of 1 h and 24 h:
• Cumulative quantities of volume and mass;
• Average values of pressure, temperature and density.
The retention time for storing these data shall comply with local regulations or the contract,
whichever is the longer.
Printer
Project team will define the printer typology (Ink jet or laser type) to be provided.

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3.7.6 Computer Routines for Fiscal Measurement

The Flow Computer shall comply with the requirements of current regulations and if necessary
it shall be properly approved.
The calculation algorithms and calibration procedures shall comply with the local standard
requirements.
It’s allowed to select, by computer, different types of calculation, but the selection shall be
done only as specifically allowed by local law and when there aren’t requirements of contract
parties. The selection shall be documented and verifiable online and/or on special report.
The computer shall be configurable to perform coherent fiscal calculations according to the
relevant standards.
3.8 SUPERVISORY SYSTEM
The Metering Supervisory System shall collect all the metering parameters from Flow
Computer, densitometer, analyzers, etc. It shall be Industrial type Computer and equipped
with HMI. It shall be suitable for continuous operation in the non-air-condition environment.
The supervisory system shall be capable to provide read data to consumer through serial
communication. The system shall be capable for generating Reports, Audit trail, current and
historical trend for the process variables.
The system shall be interfaced to:
• ICSS,
• Each involved Flow Computer and Sampling system,
• Production database and allocation systems (information management system),
• Other subsystems (i.e. water in oil, H2S analyzer, densitometer, etc.),
• Dedicated port for third part interfaces.
The Supervisory System shall be capable to handle all those functions that are not part of the
flow computer such as:
• operator interface and printing of reports;
• interface capabilities for transferring signals to superior systems (i.e. PCS, SCADA);
• allow verification of parameters and accuracy of input, calculated and output values;
• system auto diagnostics;
• alarm handling (raising, displaying and reporting);
• daily reports of the measured quantities;
• password protected program modifications;
• define and/or read time, peak height, peak area, peak start time, peak end time (for
each component) and total area;
• select override analysis;
• Managing of on/off valves;
• Interface capabilities for densitometer and/or analyzers;
• Algorithm and truncation/rounding errors for computations shall be less than ±0.01%.
General
The Supervisory System shall consist of a sufficient number of computers (and CPU with I/O
cards if necessary) performing the functions specified below, VDUs, printers for reporting, and
communication possibilities for transferring signals to other systems.
The Supervisory System should be equipped with watchdog functionality to monitor the
performance of data transfer between Flow Computer(s) and Supervisory System.
System design
In case of the Supervisory System will be equipped with CPU and I/O cards to handle field
instruments (e.g.: valves, analyzers, etc.) which are not handled by the Flow Computer, see
the paragraph 3.7.1 for the relevant minimum requirements.
The system shall accept any manual inputs necessary to perform calculations for any measured
value. The manual input values shall be verifiable without rounding off or truncation of digits.
Human Machine Interface
The Human Machine Interface shall as a minimum comprise

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 video interface,
 meter run control,
 security control of operator entered parameters,
 alarm handling.
The display graphics shall include a simplified P&ID with process variables and valve status. It
shall be possible to operate all valves from the graphics.
Measurement system
The functions and interface shall as a minimum comprise
 graphic displays,
 meter run control,
 security control of operator entered parameters,
 alarm and event handling,
 system monitoring,
 trouble shooting,
 software updates,
 DVD- ROM and flash memory ports.
Calculations
The Supervisory system shall calculate total and accumulated quantities for
 actual volumetric flow,
 standard volumetric flow,
 mass flow.
All calculations shall be performed to full computer accuracy (no additional truncation or
rounding).
The following calculated values shall as a minimum be available for reports and VDU:
 hourly and daily totals and maintenance mode totals;
 average flow rates;
 average process flow values shall be based on volume and mass flow.
The resolution on the VDU shall be sufficient to verify the requirements for calculation accuracy.
Alarms
The alarm system shall raise alarms, print out alarms and/or save alarms to external file, if
any comparison check exceeds operator selected limits or if any measured value is outside
predetermined limits or in case of indication of instrument failure, computer failure or failure
in valve operation.
Events
The system shall log all events to external file and printer.
The events shall include old and new manually entered parameters on the Supervisory System
that may be changed by an operator.
Reporting of data
The computer shall generate quantity reports containing as a minimum:
 current flow rates and process values,
 all totals,
 average K-factors and process values.
Reports for the following intervals shall be available:
 current status (no average values);
 hourly if required;
 daily;
 on demand.
The reports shall also contain product quality parameters as measured by on-line equipment
or manually entered.
The reported data shall be for each meter run, station total and non-resettable totals.
Storing of data
1-hourly reports and daily reports shall be stored for defined periods agreed between parties.

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All measured and calculated values averaged over the moving time windows shall be stored in
computer file for defined period.
Alarm and event reports to be stored to computer file for at least 30 days.
Availability
The Supervisory System shall have a design to maintain fiscal measurement, calculations and
file storage during error conditions.
The availability of the fiscal computer system shall be documented and better than 99.5%.
Network protection/security
If the flow computers or supervisory computer(s) are connected to a network, appropriate
security and protection shall be applied accordingly with the requirements defined in the
relevant section of the Company specification “Design Guideline for Integrated Control and
Safety Systems” 27607.ENG.STA.STD.
Currently, Ethernet/TCP is the network protocol, commonly used to gather data of the major
equipment (e.g.: Flow Computers, Supervisory System, Analyzers, etc.) of the FMS.
Ethernet/TCP is capable of transporting and supporting many simultaneous messages and
protocols at high speed, provides many advantages, some of which include scalability, and
interoperability between devices.
Spare capacity
For future extension the following requirements are valid:
 the software, including programs and data, shall not occupy more than a maximum 70
% of the computer memory, at any time;
 no more than 70 % of the computer disk capacity shall be utilized;
 the system, application and communication software shall require less than 70 % of the
CPU capacity;
 input/output rack shall have 20 % free space spare;
 the flow computer rack shall have 20 % free space spare.
Time synchronization
Synchronization of Supervisory System and each FMS will be through a dedicate Network Time
Protocol server. Time-stamping shall be done at the FMS (Flow Computer and Supervisory
system) level through synchronization messages (year, month, day, hour, minute, second). In
case of GPS fault, each system (Flow Computer and Supervisory system) will work with its
internal clock independently from the other systems. The clock synchronization requirement
should be 50 ms or better. The system checks that each involved system has the correct time
at a predefined interval. If it detects a deviance of the time, it will gradually correct the time,
to prevent time “leap” in the system.
Automatic restart
The system shall be capable of an orderly shutdown in the event of a total power failure or
major transient.
Restart after power failure shall be automatic and shall include restart for all features, devices
and programs, including correct time from a radio clock, or a battery backed up calendar clock.
3.9 AVAILABILITY & RELIABILITY
The FMS shall be designed for continuous operation and avoiding or reducing, as contractually
agreed, the downtime (interruption of ongoing measurements or loss / invalidation of
contractually required data) in case of failure or maintenance, etc.
In order to increase the availability and the reliability of the measurements, the duplication
(sparing) and redundancy of FMS devices shall be considered.
The sparing criteria for measuring instruments shall be agreed between the involved parties.
The spare philosophy of the FMS devices shall be generally based on:
 Service type (e.g.: continuous or not continuous),
 design capacity,
 allowable maximum and minimum flow velocity,
 required minimum flow rate,

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 designated flow range of the primary device.

The FMS design capacity is the sum of the flow rates of the non-spare meter runs, where each
contribute is the maximum, continuous flow rate that can be measured within the specified
uncertainty. Non-equal distribution of flow between parallel meter runs shall be taken into
account. This is particularly critical with low differential pressure across the meter runs.
The minimum flow of the FMS is the minimum, continuous flow rate of the smallest meter run
at which its uncertainty is just within design specifications and beyond which flow integration
should be stopped.
The minimum flow shall be set for positive and, if present, negative flows and shall be
determined for each individual meter run.
The spare metering philosophy shall be depending on the FMS availability requirements:
 a spare meter could be requested either in "not installed" (and properly stored)
configuration or in "installed in a spare meter run” configuration. In this case a
removable spool piece shall be provided in order to allow the installation of the spare
meter that was stored. Anyway, the number of parallel runs should be such that the
contractual continuous maximum flow rate can be measured with one meter out of
service whilst the rest of the meters are operating within their specifications.
3.10 REDUNDANCY
Redundancy shall fulfill the general design requirements here below shown:
 the FMS shall be powered by redundant feeders;
 the change out of failed equipment with redundancy should not interrupt the continuity
of fiscal measurements;
 components designed and installed without redundancy should be sufficiently robust to
comply with availability requirements;
 each meter run shall be subjected to failure analysis.
Depending on Uncertainty Class and service type, in order to increase the availability and
reliability, the FMS devices could be redundant and should operate independently.
The criteria to duplicate the devices shall be agreed between the involved parties and also a
validation procedure to confirm the results from duplicated measurements/calculations shall be
agreed for the fiscalization purposes.
The following table is not referred to the pay/check configuration. This table shows the main
requirements for the components/equipment related to the Classes A and B:
COMPONENT Class A Class B
Meter stream run Spare Required Spare Not required
Flow transmitter Single Single
Pressure, Temperature
Single(d) Single
transmitters
Optional
Densitometer(a) Redundant
(Single)
Water in Oil analyser(a) Optional
Redundant
(Single)
Sulphur compounds Optional
Redundant
analysers(a) (Single)
Prover unit Single Not required
Master flowmeter Single Not required
Flow Computer Architecture Optional
Single(c)
for each meter run(c) (Single)
Flow Computer Architecture Dual(b): MASTER Flow Computer + Optional
for all meter runs HOT STAND-BY Flow Computer Dual(b)
Supervisory System Required Optional
One PLC/server based for the One PLC/server based for the whole
- Architecture
whole FMS FMS
- Power supply unit Redundant Redundant
- Server/CPU unit Redundant Redundant
- I/O cards Redundant Single
- Serial comm. cards Redundant Redundant

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COMPONENT Class A Class B

(a) Analyzers are usually installed on common header downstream the meter stream runs.
(b) Each meter run can be handled with the following Flow Computer configurations:
 One Flow computer (MASTER) in single configuration for CPU, I/O cards, power supply unit, and
communication cards/ports, etc.
 One Flow computer (HOT STAND-BY) in single configuration for CPU, I/O cards, power supply unit,
communication cards/ports, etc.
 The signal of each field instrument (PT, TT, FT, etc.) will be addressed to both Flow Computers (MASTER
and HOT STAND-BY).
 Each Flow Computer shall monitor continuously the watchdog status of the other Flow computer via serial
links.
 Synchronisation of process variables and historical data must be ensured between the “MASTER” and
“HOT STAND-BY” flow computers. In case of a failure, the “Hot stand-by” flow computer must be ready
to assume all measurement and control functions.
(c) This architecture (Flow Computer in single configuration for each meter run) is an alternative to the
architecture of note (b).
(d) Project team may decide to provide the redundancy of the field instruments (PT and TT) for each meter run.
OPTIONAL means that the Component is not necessary but can be used.
SINGLE means that the Component is requested in single configuration.
3.11 OPERATIONAL AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS

For the operating procedure see the document SVT.OMS.TMS.MAOOO6.ST.0001.000
“operating standard for metering system management”.
3.11.1 Operational requirements for Imported / Exported Liquid Hydrocarbon FMS
The measurement system shall be operated from the Supervisory System and each Flow
Computer. The Process Control System (PCS) of the plant (if any) shall supervise it from
dedicated graphic pages.
The flow computers shall ensure the measurement and accumulation of the liquid hydrocarbon
flow even if the supervisory system fails completely. It shall be possible to operate all valves
locally.
The liquid hydrocarbon flow measurement function shall not be affected during regular
calibration of the field instruments or if a field instrument of any type fails.
In case of multiple running metering lines, the Supervisory System shall automatically control
opening and closing of meter runs. Number of running lines shall be based on the amount of
liquid hydrocarbon flow being measured. The meter runs inlet valves shall have electrical
actuators and shall be remotely operated by the Supervisory System. PCS or SCADA is not
allowed to control the inlet valves. The closing of the last open meter run shall only be possible
in manual mode.
It shall be possible to start and perform the proving sequence:
 automatically, based on specified deviation criteria, e.g. flowrate deviation, density
deviation, time since last proving;
 manually, for one trial in a step-by-step manner.
Continuity in measurement of the liquid hydrocarbons flow shall be maintained during regular
calibration of the field instruments and whenever a field instrument fails.
3.11.2 Maintenance requirements for Imported / Exported liquid hydrocarbon FMS
The field instrumentation shall be selected to reduce maintenance and calibration activities.
The maintenance requirements for automated condition based maintenance apply. This
verification of current condition shall preferably be carried out using calibrated reference
meters. The condition based monitoring can, however, also be carried out using duplicated
equipment or by any other relevant method.
Where possible, comparative monitoring of parallel meter runs shall be carried out, i.e. when
two or more meter runs are in operation.
Calibration
Locations where checking and calibration take place shall be protected against environmental
influences and vibrations so that the uncertainty requirements of this standard can be fulfilled.

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It should be possible to calibrate all secondary instruments (individually and in the whole
control loop) without moving them from their permanent installations and without
disconnecting any cable/tubing. The calibration of each flow meter shall be performed care of
a legal metrology agency. See more details in “Operating Standard for Metering System
Management SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.000” and its best practices attached, such as:
SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.002 Attachment 2 – Best Practice for Metering

System Based on Turbine Meter
SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.003 Attachment 3 – Best Practices for Metering
System Based on Ultrasonic Meter
SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.004 Attachment 4 – Best Practice for Metering
Systems based on Coriolis Meter
Attachment 5 – Best Practices for Metering
SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.005 Systems based on Positive Displacement
Meter
SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.006 Attachment 6 - Best Practice for Metering
System based on Tank Level Gauging
SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.008 Attachment 8 – Best Practice for Secondary
Instrumentation Management
SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.009 Attachment 9 – Best Practice for Proving
Systems
SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.010 Attachment 10 - Best Practice for Marine
Terminal Metering Systems Management
SVT.OMS.TMS.MA.0006.ST.0001.011 Attachment 11 - Best Practices for
Production Allocation Procedure
The Supervisory System and the Flow Computer shall be designed such that during calibration
the quantities shall be registered separately and independently of measured quantities in
normal conditions. In calibration mode, a Maintenance status flag shall be clearly displayed by
the Flow Computer and the Supervisory System.
Thermal insulation
The insulation/heat trace shall be removable for test and field calibration of instruments in the
Measurement System.
Layout requirements
Easy access shall be ensured for any part that requires regular calibration and maintenance.
It shall be possible to maintain and inspect the system, including internal surface of the meter
run, without dismantling the manifolds (or similar).
3.12 SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT
The liquid hydrocarbon measuring system shall be designed and built so that it operates in a
safe manner.
Safety aspects require that all personnel involved in design, installation, testing,
commissioning, operation and maintenance of the liquid hydrocarbon measuring system shall
be competent and have adequate safety training. All works shall be conducted in accordance
with national health, safety and environmental legislation.
3.13 QUALITY SYSTEM FOR LIQUID HYDROCARBON MEASURING SYSTEM
The quality system shall be provided in order to manage the measurement system for its entire
lifetime. The quality system shall be applied to the complete liquid hydrocarbon measuring
system including all activities in accordance with the applicable standards. Reference should be
made to ISO 10012 and/or ISO 9000- series of standards or to equivalent quality system
standards.
This quality system shall be applied to the design, construction and testing activities in
accordance with the applicable standards also considering the requirements for commissioning,
operation and maintenance.

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4 DOCUMENT REQUIREMENTS
4.1 GENERAL
The CONTRACTOR/SUPPLIER shall develop and retain concise documentation covering all
aspects of the design for each Flow meter instrument/system.
The typical list of documents to be produced by the CONTRACTOR/SUPPLIER is shown in the
project “DOCUMENT DATA SHEET (D.D.S.)”.
4.2 DOCUMENT CONTENT
As a minimum CONTRACTOR/SUPPLIER shall provide documents in accordance with the list
shown in 28030.ENG.STA.STD, but not less than the following:
1. Instrument One Line Diagram
A schematic diagram showing the connections among instruments or components, location of
any item (field, local panel, main control panel, etc.) line numbers, instrument tag numbers,
voltages and rated currents.
2. Instrument connection - process side
Arrangement drawings to show all materials involved starting from the local sensing instrument
to the final control device. The location of all the support points shall be clearly identified form
a suitable unit reference datum.
3. Instrument connections – pneumatic/hydraulic and electrical secondary sketches
Arrangement sketches and diagrams showing all fittings & wiring required for the
pneumatic/hydraulic and electrical connections of field instruments, local panels, junction
boxes (if any) and equipment.
4. Instrument terminal details
Arrangement drawings of all terminals inside the Junction Boxes and system/equipment
involved. These documents will show cable entries, cable cores, terminal marks, sizes and
spacing.
5. Instrument wiring diagram
A schematic diagram showing the wiring among any part of equipment.
6. Calibration list
Schedule of all instruments with the range and the set point recommended.
7. Data Base configuration (if any)
The Data Base configuration will include the loading of all information necessaries to the system
and to be recorded on standard support such as CD-DVD.
All references (any tag, function description, etc.) shall be highlighted in order to allow the
ICSS vendor to implement the relevant software within the ICSS equipment.
8. Instrument list
Instrument List shall provide for each instrument its tag number, service and relevant
references. This document shall be organized by functional units and by instrument typology
as requested by Company standard 12157.DOC.STA.PRG.
9. Input/Output list
Input/Output list shall include all Input/Output signals to/from field electric/electronic
instruments and to/from involved system (any serial link connections). This document will show
at least the instrument tag, tag description, signal type, alarm thresholds, and all references

27617.ENG.STA.STD
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as requested by Company standard 12158.DOC.STA.PRG. This document shall be organized by

functional units, by System and by instrument typology.
10. I/O cards loading showing:
 Identification Tag of cabinet;
 Identification Tag of rack;
 Identification Tag of card with loading of channels; per each channel it will be listed
the tag with its complete description.
11. Functional Design Specification
The Functional Design Specification shall provide, as a minimum, the following:
 Overview description of system including detailed block diagram of the system
assemblies and all other subsystems with a description of the communications and
interaction scheme;
 Operational details of the system and all other subsystems which have an effect on
plant operations, such as power failure response, communication failure response
and automatic shutdown and startup of the system (where relevant);
 Functional design description for each hardware subsystem;
 Functional design description of each software subsystem (if any);
 Description of the interface of the system with any equipment that is connected to;
 Hardware interfacing diagrams;
 Software/firmware interfacing diagrams (if any);
 Database functional description, structure diagram and interface methods (if any);
 System memory utilization calculations (if any);
 System performance calculations;
 Identification of all deliverable hardware, tools, test sets and consumable;
 Identification of all deliverable software (if any);
 Identification of all deliverable documentation;
 Identification of all services to be provided:
 Identification of all training courses;
 Functional descriptions of the involved sequences and Program logic description;
 Detailed operating instructions;
 Execution timing information;
 SIL Analysis and Report (if any).
12. General Arrangement / Plot plan / Layouts drawings
The instrument connection plans represent the plan arrangement of all the plant instruments
requiring an electric and/or pneumatic interconnections, both inside a specific area with the
presence of civil works and structures, and with a particular reference to their topographic
position. The instrument already positioned on the safety drawings are included too.
Furthermore, other technical data (such as overall dimensions, weight, lifting points, center of
gravity, etc.) will be necessary whenever the supply is based on skid, module, or any pre-
fabricated arrangement.
4.3 TESTING DOCUMENTS

CONTRACTOR/SUPPLIER shall provide per each type of equipment, part of the supplied system,
a complete set of acceptance tests certificates composed by test procedure books and relevant
tests record sheets.
CONTRACTOR/SUPPLIER shall provide
 Material test certificate, Hydrostatic test certificate for all line mounted instruments on
the skid.
 Statutory body Certificates for all items mounted on the skid in hazardous area.

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These document sets shall be issued for the Factory Acceptance Test (FAT), the site tests as
well as for the commissioning. The documentation shall be submitted for approval before any
test start.
The above mentioned documentation shall be a reference for the subsequent maintenance
operations.
The test procedures shall include as a minimum:
 Specification parameters.
 Test instrument(s) to be used.
 Results to be expected.
 Reference to the test record sheets.
4.4 FINAL DOCUMENTATION
SUPPLIER shall provide the final technical documentation both in the native electronic format
(i.e.: Autocad, Word, Excel, etc.) and paper standard sizes according to project requirements.
The design, manufacturing and test documentation shall be part of the final documentation.
The final documentation shall be subdivided into three (3) groups:
1. Design and Certifications Manual, including:
 Package Design documentation;
 Certificates of equipment and components;
 Certificates relating to tests.
2. Installation and Construction Manual, including:

 Installation and construction procedures.
3. Operating and Maintenance Manual, including:

 Description of start-up modalities;
 Description of utilisation modalities;
 Description of each equipment/system used;
 Instructions and procedures for the periodic and corrective maintenance to take out
and replacement of all components and accessories included in the spare parts list;
 Instructions of estimative maintenance, with the schedule of inspection programs;
 Electric and topographic diagrams of the units;
 List of components and consumables, with all necessary data for spare parts
procurement (name and material codes).

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5 FMS INSPECTION AND TESTING
5.1 GENERAL
No equipment or materials shall be delivered until all applicable tests have been completed and
all defects rectified and re-tested successfully.
The flow meters shall be firstly calibrated at the manufacturer premises and then calibrated at
international liquid hydrocarbon flow calibration labs. Accuracy requirements shall be tested by
using the liquid hydrocarbon conditions (liquid hydrocarbon specifications, pressure and
temperature) which are as much as possible close to operating conditions. Verification could
be performed also with different liquid hydrocarbon, if the responsible authorities are convinced
that valid results will be obtained.
The initial and the subsequent and periodical validations shall be carried out at metering site,
by using a master flow meter in series with the online meter to be checked.
Contractor/Supplier shall prepare acceptance test procedures for Factory Acceptance Test
(FAT) and Site Acceptance Test (SAT), which shall demonstrate that all requirements of this
standard and subsequent functional design documents are met.
Contractor/Supplier shall send to purchaser the calibration procedure of each
instrument/equipment for review and acceptance. Purchaser should witness these calibration
tests.
Contractor/Supplier shall be responsible for testing and complete integration of the system.
Detailed procedures of test and inspection shall be submitted by the supplier for review and
mutually agreed.
5.2 FACTORY ACCEPTANCE TEST
COMPANY reserves the right to witness testing or to request additional testing according to its
requirements.
Contractor/Supplier shall include inspection by third party personnel at Supplier’s shop. For
this inspection, labour, consumable, equipment and utilities are required.
All tests shall be carried out in conformity with the normative references mentioned in the
project documentation and procedures.
The attended tests will be carried out in front of Purchaser’ personnel (e.g.: Package Supplier,
EPC, Company): it has to be noted that Company can nominate an external Body’s personnel.
The tests specified for each type shall be carried out on the percentage of specimens defined
in the project Inspection Data Sheets (IDS).
Supplier shall perform the internal tests before the attended tests with purchaser. The
Purchaser’ personnel will review the test documentation provided by the Supplier for each
component/equipment. The test certificates shall be sufficiently detailed, especially those
relevant to the functional tests.
5.3 ATTENDED TESTS
Attended tests are required when one of the following conditions applies:
 complexity of the equipment,
 importance of the service for which the equipment is provided,
 safety requirements.
In compliance with the above selection criteria, equipment falling into one or more of the
following categories shall be subjected to attended tests.
 unique models purposely built,
 standard component/equipment subjected to significant modifications,
 standard component/equipment to be employed in services where the reliability is
basic for the plant's operations,
 equipment supplied by not qualified in advance Contractors,
 equipment or systems specifically fabricated for the plant.
The following types of inspections and tests shall be normally attended:
 visual,

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 dimensional (i.e.: Center lines dimension, Process connections),

 qualitative (inspection of materials),
 functional.
During the fabrication phases, the equipment could be inspected as follows:
 Inspection of materials at source,
 Inspection during the assembly and the fabrication.
5.4 UNATTENDED TESTS
The internal tests scheduled in the production cycle shall be generally considered sufficient for
all the mass produced equipment which will not utilized for special heavy operations.
The following documentation (Tests certificates) shall be provided for each tested
component/equipment:
 copies of the test certificates
 copies of special certificates, in conformity with the international or local Normative
references, for the radioactive equipment.
 copies, requested by the competent Authorities, of the documents for the
transportation of the materials, specially for transit and export.
 copies of the certificates declaring the conformity of the equipment to the applicable
specifications and Rules.
These test certificates shall be submitted for review before starting inspection by Purchaser.
5.5 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF FIELD INSTRUMENTS
For Class B systems, flow meters shall be tested as mutually agreed.
For Class A systems, any flow meter (Coriolis, ultrasonic, turbine or positive displacement)
shall be individually calibrated at a laboratory, which is traceable to international/national
standards at process conditions (velocity of flow, pressure and temperature), as similar to the
operational conditions as possible. The meters shall be identified, and a certificate shall be
issued.
Following tests shall be carried out by CONTRACTOR/SUPPLIER at his works and test certificates
shall be furnished:
a) Calibration / test certificates for all instruments. Calibration test reports for flowmeters
duly signed and certified from the recognized National laboratory / statutory weights
and measures authority.
b) Statutory body certificates for instruments. Type test report for enclosure of all
electronics/electrical equipment.
c) Radiographic test certificates.
d) Material test certificate for all line mounted instruments.
e) Dimensional test report.
In addition bidder shall also refer the project inspection & testing requirements.
5.6 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF FLOW COMPUTATION SYSTEM
A detailed inspection test plan to confirm compliance with the design requirement shall be
developed by the Manufacturer for purchaser approval.
The inspection test plan shall include as minimum the Functional Tests and the Dynamic tests.
Functional tests
These tests shall include, but not be limited to, the following:
• Functional and performance check of all conversions of analogue and frequency
measured variables into digital values;
• Confirmation of correct flowrate computation and quantity integration operations with
simulated measurement inputs;
• Confirmation of correct generation of operating function alarms and events;
• Demonstration of immunity of the system to electromagnetic interference;
• Demonstration of short circuit protection of inputs and outputs. A representative
sample of inputs and outputs shall be subjected to sustained short circuit, to ensure
that devices can survive both a fleeting and a sustained short circuit;

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• Demonstration that malfunction of an input/output channel shall not cause failure of

any other input/output channel;
• Demonstration that signal isolation between input or output channels shall be clearly
defined;
• Demonstration of auto start-up and recovery after power failure;
• Functional check of a representative sample of spare parts;
• Functional check of Manufacturer/Supplier-supplied tools and test equipment with the
main equipment.
Dynamic Tests
The inspection test plan shall include but not be limited to the following tests:
• Verification that valves (manual and actuated) operate correctly;
• Verification that limit switch of valves (manual and actuated) indicate in correct way
the valve position;
• Verification that control valves (if present) operate correctly;
• Verification that measurement data, present to the operator from Management
System, are correct and commands are executed correctly;
• Verification that alarms are initiated at appropriate measurement conditions;
• Demonstration of all events, alarms, and routine log formats;
• Verification of diagnostic.
5.7 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF THE OTHER DEVICES
The cabinets, with all the equipment installed and connected, shall be tested for electrical
continuity, isolation and grounding.
The opportunity to demand “heat soak test” (if required) of the entire cabinet is remitted to
the application specification.
Before the shipment visual inspections, calibrations and tests shall be executed on all the
instrumentation included in Measure System. These shall include all instruments mounted on
the system, those sent separately for being installed in field and spare parts.
5.8 FUNCTIONAL TESTS OF THE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM
The functional test of the entire Measurement System shall demonstrate that all subsystems,
already separately tested, operate successfully as an integrated system. The test shall be
carried out “on-situ” with liquid hydrocarbon in the pipes and at conditions of pressure,
temperature and capacity close to operating conditions. If it is not possible to carry out the test
with liquid hydrocarbon in the pipes and at operating conditions, such conditions shall “be
simulated” on the instrumentation in field.
The complete functionality of the Measurement System and the related instruments analyzer
cabinet (included F&G, firefighting, HVAC, lights, etc.) and analyzers/liquid hydrocarbons,
Management System, included hardware and software, connections and protocols, shall be tested
during the integrated test in order to verify the correct operation.
5.9 TESTS OF SKID
The following tests shall be conducted for the skid:
a) Hydro testing.
b) Leak test of complete skid with Nitrogen.
c) Skid functional testing considering filtering, metering, pressure regulation, limiting and
safety characteristics.
d) Skid piping material testing and NDT of welds as per piping material specifications.
Radiography/X-ray shall be carried out for all welded joints and bidder shall furnish test
certificate for the same. Dye-penetration test certificate shall be provided for joints
wherever radiography/x-ray is not possible.
e) Radiography/X-ray, Charpy impact testing for line mounted instrument items such as
self actuated control valves, pressure relief valves, on-off valves, any flow meter, etc.

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A. APPENDIX A LIST OF APPLICABLE INTERNATIONAL CODES & RELEVANT USE
CODE Measurements Types Can be considered for

CODE
DESCRIPTION Static Dynamic Calculation Calibration Verification Installation
Measurement and
API MPMS Calibration of Upright
2.2A or Cylindrical Tanks by the   
ISO 7507-1 Manual Tank Strapping
Method
Calibration of Upright
API MPMS
Cylindrical Tanks Using the
2.2B or
Optical Reference Line   
ISO 7507-2
Method
Tank Calibration —
API MPMS CALIBRATION OF UPRIGHT
2.2C or CYLINDRICAL TANKS  
ISO 7507-3 USING THE OPTICAL-
TRIANGULATION METHOD
Tank Calibration —
API MPMS
2.2D
Cylindrical Tanks Using the  
or ISO Internal Electrooptical
7507-4
Distance-ranging Method
API MPMS Petroleum and Liquid

2.2E or Petroleum Products—
ISO 12917- Calibration of Horizontal  
1 Cylindrical Tanks
Petroleum and Liquid

API MPMS
Petroleum Products—
2.2F or ISO
Calibration of Horizontal
12917-2
Cylindrical Tanks - Part 2:  
and ISO
Internal Electro-optical
12917-1
Distance-ranging Method
API MPMS Cylindrical Tanks Using the
2.2G Total Station Reference
   
Line Method
API MPMS
2.7
Calibration of Barge Tanks   
Calibration of Tanks on
API MPMS
2.8A
Ships and Oceangoing    
Barges
Establishment of the
Location of the Reference
API MPMS
2.8B
Gauge Point and the Gauge   
Height of Tanks on Marine
Tank Vessels
Standard Practice for

API MPMS Manual Gauging of
3.1A or Petroleum and Petroleum  
ISO 4512 Products in Stationary
Tanks
Standard Practice for Level

Measurement of Liquid
API MPMS
3.1B
Hydrocarbons in Stationary  
Tanks by Automatic Tank
Gauging

27617.ENG.STA.STD
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CODE

API MPMS Gauging Petroleum and
3.2 Petroleum Products in Tank

Cars
Standard Practice for Level

Measurement of Liquid
API MPMS
3.3
Hydrocarbons in Stationary    
Pressurized Storage Tanks
by ATG
API MPMS Proving Systems_

4.1 Introduction
API MPMS Proving Systems

4.2 Displacement Provers    
API MPMS Proving Systems_Tank
4.4 Provers
   
API MPMS
4.5
Master Meter Provers  
API MPMS
Proving Systems_Pulse
4.6 or ISO
Interpolation
  
7278-3
API MPMS Proving Systems_Field

4.7 Standard Test Measures   
API MPMS Operation of Proving
4.8 Systems    
Proving
Systems_Introduction to
API MPMS
4.9.1
the Determination of the   
Volume of Displacement
and Tank Provers
Proving
Systems_Determination of
API MPMS the Volume of
4.9.2 Displacement and Tank   
Provers by the Waterdraw
Method of Calibration
Determination of the
API MPMS
4.9.3
Provers by the Master   
Meter Method of
Calibration
Determination of the
API MPMS
4.9.4
and Tank Provers by the    
Gravimetric Method of
Calibration
API MPMS General Considerations for

5.1 Measurement by Meters
 
API MPMS Measurement of Liquid
5.2 or ISO Hydrocarbons by 
2714 Displacement Meters

5.3 or ISO Hydrocarbons by Turbine    
2715 Meters
API MPMS Accessory Equipment for

5.4 Liquid Meters
  

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CODE
Fidelity and Security of

API MPMS
Flow Measurement Pulsed-
5.5 or ISO
Data Transmission
 
6551
Systems

5.6 or ISO Hydrocarbons by Coriolis   
10790 Meters

5.8 or ISO Hydrocarbons by Ultrasonic   
12242 Flow Meters
Metering Assemblies -
API MPMS
6.1
Lease Automatic Custody   
Transfer (LACT) system
Metering Assemblies -
API MPMS Metering Systems for
6.5 Loading and Unloading

Marine Bulk Carriers
API MPMS Metering Assemblies -

6.6 Pipeline Metering Systems

Temperature
API MPMS
7.1
Determination—Liquid-in-    
Glass Thermometers
Temperature
API MPMS
7.2
Determination—Portable    
Electronic Thermometers
Temperature
API MPMS
7.4
Determination—Dynamic    
Temperature Measurement

API MPMS
Manual Sampling of
8.1 or ISO
Petroleum and Petroleum
   
3170
Products

API MPMS
Automatic Sampling of
8.2 or ISO
Petroleum and Petroleum     
3171
Products

Mixing and Handling of
API MPMS
8.3
Liquid Samples of   
Petroleum and Petroleum
Products

API MPMS Sampling and Handling of
8.4 Fuels for Volatility
   
Measurement
API MPMS Continuous Density

9.4 Measurement Under
(ex API Dynamic (Flowing)
 
14.6) Conditions
Temperature and Pressure

Volume Correction Factors
API MPMS
11.1
for Generalized Crude Oils,  
Refined Products, and
Lubricating Oils
API MPMS Compressibility Factors for

11.2.2   
Hydrocarbons: 350–637

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CODE
Kilograms per Cubic Metre

Density (15°C) and –46°C
to 60°C Metering
Temperature
Density of Water and

Water Volumetric
API MPMS
11.4.1
Correction Factors for    
Water Calibration of
Volumetric Provers
API MPMS Upright Cylindrical Tanks

12.1.1 and marine Vessels  
API MPMS Calculation Procedure for
12.1.2 Tank cars  
API MPMS Calculation of petroleum
12.2.1 Quantities_Introduction
 
Calculation of petroleum
API MPMS
12.2.2
Quantities_Measurement  
Tickets
API MPMS Calculation of petroleum

12.2.3 Quantities_Proving Reports  
API MPMS Quantities_Calculation of
12.2.4 Base Prover Volumes by  
Waterdraw Method
API MPMS Quantities_Calculation of
12.2.5 Base Prover Volumes by
 
Master Meter Method
Volumetric Shrinkage
API MPMS resulting from blending
12.3 light hydrocarbons with
 
crude oils
API MPMS
13.3
Measurement Uncertainty   
Mass Measurement of
Liquid Hydrocarbons in
API MPMS
16.2
Vertical Cylindrical Storage   
Tanks By Hydrostatic Tank
Gauging
Mass Measurement of
API MPMS
Liquid Hydrocarbons in
16.2_Appe
ndix A or
Vertical Cylindrical Storage  
Tanks By Hydrostatic Tank
ISO 11223
Gauging
API MPMS Guidelines for Marine

17.1 Cargo Inspection

API MPMS Measurement of Cargoes
17.2 On Board Tank Vessels    
Guidelines for Identification
of the Source of Free
API MPMS
17.3
Waters Associated with  
Marine Petroleum Cargo
Movements

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CODE
Method for Quantification

API MPMS
17.4
of Small Volumes on  
Marine Vessels(OBQ/ROB)
Guidelines for Voyage

API MPMS
17.5
Analysis and Reconciliation     
of Cargo Quantities
Guidelines for Determining

API MPMS Fullness of Pipelines
17.6 Between Vessels and Shore  
Tanks
Recommended Practices
API MPMS for Developing Barge
17.7 Control Factors (Volume   
Ratio)
Guidelines for Pre-Loading

API MPMS
17.8
Inspection of Marine Vessel  
Cargo Tanks
El Hydrocarbon
Management_HM
API MPMS
17.9
49_Marine    
Measurement_Vessel
Experience Factor (VEF)
Measurement of
Refrigerated and/or
Pressurized Cargoes On
API MPMS
17.10.2
Board Marine Gas Carriers     
– Part 2: Liquefied
Petroleum and Chemical
Gases
Measurement and
Sampling of Cargoes On
API MPMS
17.11
Board Tank Vessels Using   
Closed/Restricted
Equipment
Procedure for Bulk Liquid

API MPMS
17.12
Chemical Cargo Inspection    
by Cargo Inspectors
API MPMS
20-1
Appendix Allocation Measurement    
A.2 or ISO
8222
Flow Measurement Using

Electronic Metering
API MPMS
21.2
Systems_ELM using Using   
Positive Displacement and
Turbine Meters
Flow Measurement Using

API MPMS
21.2_ADD
Electronic Metering  
Systems, Inferred Mass
Continuous On-line
Measurement of Water
API MPMS
TR 2570
Content in Petroleum   
(Crude Oil and
Condensate)
API RP 551 Process Measurement     

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CODE
API RP 555 Process Analyzers    

API RP Correcting Gauge Tables
2556 for Incrustation
 
API STD Measurement and
2554 Calibration of Tank Cars    
API STD
2555
Liquid Calibration of Tanks   
Industrial platinum
resistance thermometers
IEC 60751
and platinum temperature  
sensors
On-line analyser systems –

IEC TR
61831
guide to design and  
installation
Petroleum and related

products — Temperature
ISO 91 and pressure volume
(ex ISO correction factors   
5024) (petroleum measurement
tables) and standard
reference conditions
Measurement of fluid flow

in closed conduits —
ISO TR
3313
Guidelines on the effects of    
flow pulsations on flow-
measurement instruments
Statistical control of
dynamic liquid
ISO 4124
hydrocarbon volumetric
    
metering systems
Petroleum and liquid

Petroleum products -
ISO 4267-2 Calculation of oil quantities    
- Part 2: Dynamic
measurement
Petroleum and Liquid

Petroleum Products -
ISO 4268 Temperature    
Measurements - Manual
Methods
Calibration of Vertical
ISO 7507-3 Cylindrical Tanks_Optical-  
Triangulation Method
Liquid hydrocarbons -
Dynamic measurement -
ISO 7278-1 Proving systems for 
volumetric meters Part 1:
General principles
Liquid hydrocarbons -
ISO 7278-2 Proving systems for   
volumetric meters Part 2:
Pipe provers
Liquid hydrocarbons —
ISO 7278-3 Dynamic measurement —  
Proving systems for
volumetric meters — Part

27617.ENG.STA.STD
Rev 01 – July 2019
Sh 57 of 65

CODE
3: Pulse interpolation
techniques
Proving systems for
ISO 7278-4 volumetric meters – Part    
4: Guide for operators of
pipe provers
Linear Calibration Using

ISO 11095
Reference Materials   
Measurement of fluid flow
ISO 11631 — Methods of specifying  
flowmeter performance
ASME Performance Test

Codes Supplement on
ASME PT
19.3
Instruments and Apparatus     
Part 3 Temperature
Measurement
Dynamic measuring
systems for liquids other
OIML R
117-1
than water - Part 1:    
Metrological and technical
requirements
Automatic instruments for

weighing road vehicles in
OIML R motion and measuring axle
134-1 loads- Part 1: Metrological    
and technical requirements
– Tests
Automatic instruments for

weighing road vehicles in
OIML R
134-2
motion and measuring axle   
loads- Part 2: Test report
format

27617.ENG.STA.STD
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Sh 58 of 65
B. APPENDIX B - FMS TYPICAL ARCHITECTURE
This architecture is an example. Project team shall provide its documents according to project
needs.
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
FMS ETHERNET BUS NETWORK
SERIAL COMMUNICATION LINK FMS / PCS
HARDWARE CONNECTION LINK
TIT
ETHERNET CONNECTIONS
3
If requested, a serial communication link to be provided for the product fluid
B1
purchaser; project team to check it.
PIT
3
B2 The automatic On-Off valve shall be managed from Server/Supervisory system.
Control valve may be managed from Server/Supervisory system if the Flow
B3 Computer will be not capable to perform the relevant functions. Check the
control valve needing in function of the selected meter.
B4 Density meters may be managed from each Flow Computer if the quantity of
TIT
meter run is max 2.
Prover
B5 Time synchronization system to be provided as a system dedicated to the FMS.
PIT
B6 Supervisory system may be server based or PLC based.
2
It shall be provided a spare Meter Run equipped with field instruments and
B7
PROVER
relevant Flow Computer
LOOP
Supervisory
Station TCP/IP
Ethernet Bus Flow Computer
PROVER
B3
B5
TIT
Run 3
1
NTP SERVER
PIT
for FMS
METER
Printer Flow Computer
Run 3
B3
FMS Printer
2U
Ethernet
Server
Switch A
TIT
Run 2
1
Supervisory System
PIT
1
METER
FMS Server A Flow Computer

Run 2
B6
FMS Server B
B3
2U
I/O Ethernet
B2
REMOTE I/O cards Switch B
TIT
Run 1
1
B1
PIT
B4
1
DT DT Serial Communication
METER
1A 1B to Plant Control System Flow Computer

Run 1
Common Header
B7

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C. APPENDIX C - SIGNAL/FUNCTION CONNECTION TABLE
(1) = Signal to be routed to the master flow meter runs in case of the Flow Computer will handle multi-streams
(2) = The Automatic Tank Gauging system is not considered in this table
H = HARDWARE S = Source of calculated Software data D = Destination of calculated Software data
SIGNAL TYPE FLOW COMPUTER STATION

TO/FROM MASTER
FLOW COMPUTER/ POSSIBLE SERVICE METER SUPERVI
FLOW METER MASTER
SUPERVISORY RUN SORY
METER PROVER METER
SYSTEM (1) SYSTEM
RUNS
Flow meter Run H H
Pulse (up to1 MHz) for Pick up from Turbine or Positive Displacement flow
Flow through meter Prover H

Flow through Master meter H
Pressure downstream the
RTD (Pt 100 Ω @ 0°C) from Temperature Element to Temperature
flowmeter run
H H
Pressure at header inlet station H
Pressure at header outlet station H
Pressure at Meter Prover H
Pressure at Master Meter H
Temperature downstream the
flowmeter run
H H
Analogue Inputs
Temperature at header inlet

station
H
Temperature at header outlet
station
H
Temperature at inlet Meter
Prover
H
4 ÷ 20 mA DC from Instrument;
Temperature at outlet Meter

Prover
H
Temperature at Master Meter H
Density downstream the
flowmeter run
H H
Density at header inlet station H
Density at outlet Meter Prover H
Density at Master Meter H
transducer;
Water in Oil Analyzer H

meter
Any other Analyzer H
Control valve downstream H H H

Analogue
Outputs
flowmeter run (If possible) (If possible)

4 ÷ 20 mA Control valve of automatic
DC sampling system
H
Valve Status upstream meter run H

Limit Switch
voltage free
Valve Status downstream meter

contact
Inputs
Digital
run
H
Valve Status inlet meter prover H
Valve Status outlet meter prover H

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TO/FROM MASTER
FLOW METER MASTER
METER PROVER METER
SYSTEM (1) SYSTEM
RUNS
Status of meter prover 4
ways/launch Valve
H
Sphere detector switches (n. 4)
at meter prover
H
Open/Close Valve upstream

meter run
H
Open/Close Valve downstream
Digital Outputs
meter run
H
Open/Close Valve inlet meter
24 VDC
prover
H
Open/Close Valve outlet meter
prover
H
Change position of 4 ways Valve
at meter prover
H
Leakage of Valve at upstream

H
Manufacturer standard
meter run
Analogue or Digital
Leakage of Valve at downstream

meter run
H
Leakage of Valve at inlet meter
Input
prover
H
Leakage of Valve at outlet meter
prover
H
Leakage of 4 ways Valve at
meter prover
H
Flow meter (PDM or Turbine)

Data, Information, values to be exchanged among the
pulse counts
S S D D
involved systems through TCP/IP communication
Gross volumetric flow rate of a

meter run
S S D D
Mass flow rate of a meter run S S D
Flow meter "k" factor D D S D
Accumulated volume of a meter
run
S S D
Accumulated mass of a meter
S D
Serial Inputs
run
protocol
Total volumetric flow-rate of

metering station
S
Total mass flow-rate of metering
station
S
Accumulated volume of the
metering station
S
Accumulated mass of the
metering station
S
Pressure downstream the
flowmeter run
S S D D
Pressure at header inlet station S
Pressure at header outlet station S
Pressure at Meter Prover S D

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TO/FROM MASTER
FLOW METER MASTER
METER PROVER METER
SYSTEM (1) SYSTEM
RUNS
Pressure at Master Meter S D
Temperature downstream the
flowmeter run
S S D D
Temperature at header inlet
station
S
Temperature at header outlet
station
S
Temperature at inlet Meter
Prover
S D
Temperature at outlet Meter
Prover
S D
Temperature at Master Meter S D
Temperature and pressure
correction factors
S S D
Density downstream the
flowmeter run
S S D
Density at header inlet station S
Density at outlet Meter Prover S D
Density at Master Meter S D
Density transducer constants
(key-pad entered)
D D S
Density deviation alarm S
Water in Oil Analyzer D D S
Any other Analyzer D D S
Valve Status upstream meter run D D S
Valve Status downstream meter
run
D D S
Valve Status inlet meter prover D S
Valve Status outlet meter prover D S
Status of meter prover 4
ways/launch Valve
S D
Initiation command for Sphere
activation in meter prover
S D
Leakage of Valve at upstream
meter run
S
Leakage of Valve at downstream
meter run
S
Leakage of Valve at inlet meter
prover
S
Leakage of Valve at outlet meter
prover
S
Leakage of 4 ways Valve at
meter prover
S D

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D. APPENDIX D - CALCULATIONS FOR NET OIL VOLUME AT REFERENCE CONDITIONS
D.1 SCOPE
The purpose of this annex is intended to define a procedure of the most common standard
calculations to be implemented in a proper computing system in order to retrieve the net oil
volume at the reference condition. The metering applications that shall follow this procedure
are:
 Custody transfer systems
 Allocation systems
D.2 CALCULATION PROCEDURE
D.2.1 CALCULATION PROCEDURE OF STABILIZED OIL WITH LOW WATER CUT
The calculation procedure described in the API MPMS 12.2.2 standard applicable for all practical
purposes to liquids that shall be considered clean, single-phase, homogeneous, and Newtonian
at metering conditions. This is true for most liquids to be sold and for some allocation
applications. In particular, it can be considered single-phase and homogenous for oils having a
watercut within the typical sales oil specification (a value of 0.5% can be considered as a
guide). The general formula for the oil net standard volume (NSV) is:
𝑆&𝑊[%]
𝑁𝑆𝑉 = 𝐼𝑉 ∙ 𝑀𝐹 ∙ 𝐶𝑇𝐿 ∙ 𝐶𝑃𝐿 ∙ (1 − )
100
Where:
IV = volume obtained from flow meter
MF = meter factor retrieved from the last proving result
CTL = correction factor for the effect of temperature on the liquid density
CPL = correction factor for the effect of pressure on the liquid density
S&W = percentage of sediment and water
For more info on how calculate each variable of the formula, refer to the API MPMS 12.2.2.
standard.
D.2.2 CALCULATION PROCEDURE OF NOT STABILIZED OIL WITH HIGH WATER CUT
In most allocation applications the oil is not stabilized and watercut is higher than sales oil
specification. For these fluids a different algorithm and reference standard shall be followed,
and prepared with the help of the proper API MPMS chapter 20.1, in order to take into account
the volume shrink caused by stabilization and freeing of hydrocarbon into gaseous phase plus
a relevant water content that has different thermal expansion coefficient than liquid
hydrocarbon.
Beneath there is an expanded procedure at standard condition taking into account also the
pressure and the case where the watercut is determined through coriolis capability. In case,
different table conversion shall be used for different reference conditions:
 Measure the mixed oil and water volume at process condition (V mix,m).
 Analyze and therefore measure the density of the oil at the reference condition (ρo,s).
 Analyze and therefore measure the density of the water at the reference condition
(ρw,s).
 Measure temperature and pressure at process condition (Tm and Pm).
 Calculate the shrinkage factor (SF) as per indication in API MPMS 20.1 clause 1.7.4.

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 Using Tm and ρo,s, calculate the factor for correction of the volume at 15 °C (CTLo) with
API MPMS 11.1 table 54A.
 Using Pm and procedure described in API MPMS 11.2.1, API MPMS 11.2.2 and API MPMS
12.2. calculate the factor for correction of the volume at 1 atm (CPLo).
 Using Pm and procedure described in API MPMS 12.2. calculate the factor for correction
of the volume at 1 atm (CPLw), using the compressibility of the water for bar UoM F =
4.64 x 10-5.
 Using Tm and ρw,s, calculate the factor for correction of the volume at 15 °C (CTLw) with
API MPMS 20.1 Appendix A.
 There are three ways to retrieve the watercut at process condition (WC m):
- If a coriolis meter is used for watercut determination (this is allowed only for
allocation applications), then apply this sub-routine:
Retrieve the density of the oil at process condition through
𝜌𝑜,𝑚 = 𝜌𝑜,𝑠 ∙ 𝐶𝑇𝐿𝑜 ∙ 𝐶𝑃𝐿𝑜
Retrieve the density of the oil at process condition through
𝜌𝑤,𝑚 = 𝜌𝑤,𝑠 ∙ 𝐶𝑇𝐿𝑤 ∙ 𝐶𝑃𝐿𝑤
Watercut at process condition:
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑥 − 𝜌𝑜,𝑚
𝑊𝐶𝑚 =
𝜌𝑤,𝑚 − 𝜌𝑜,𝑚
Where:
ρmix is the density of the oil plus water mixture at process condition
- If an online analyzer of watercut is installed and its measurement acquired by the
flow computer, then use the watercut at process condition for the next step of the
procedure.
- If a manual sampling is performed and then laboratory analyzes the watercut (we
assume that laboratory temperature is near the reference condition, so WCs), it
has to be converted to the process condition through the following formula:
1
 𝑊𝐶@𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = 𝐶𝑇𝐿𝑤 ∙𝐶𝑃𝐿𝑤
1+(1−𝑊𝐶𝑠 )∙
𝑊𝐶𝑠 ∙𝐶𝑃𝐿𝑜 ∙𝐶𝑇𝐿𝑜
These calculations shall be implemented in the flow computer if its processor can
handle the algorithm, else it shall be performed offline and the result inserted in
the flow computer manually.
 Net standard volume of crude oil and volume of free water are finally given by:
 𝑉𝑜,𝑠 = 𝑉𝑚𝑖𝑥,𝑚 ∙ (1 − 𝑊𝐶𝑚 ) ∙ 𝐶𝑇𝐿𝑜 ∙ 𝐶𝑃𝐿𝑜 ∙ 𝑆𝐹
 𝑉𝑤,𝑠 = 𝑉𝑚𝑖𝑥,𝑚 ∙ 𝑊𝐶𝑚 ∙ 𝐶𝑇𝐿𝑤 ∙ 𝐶𝑃𝐿𝑤

27617.ENG.STA.STD
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Case 1: water cut measured by density of mixture at line conditions (density on line
analyser)
INPUT DATA
Description Data Unit
IV Indicated volume at line conditions 1000 mc
WCm Water cut at line conditions 30 %
Tm Temperature at line conditions 29.45 °C
Pm Pressure at line conditions 1727.75788 kPa
ρo,s Density of oil at standard conditions 793.518 Kg/mc
ρw,s Density of water at standard conditions 999.28 Kg/mc
CALCULATED DATA
Description Result Unit
CTLo Correction factor for the effect of temperature on 0.9868
OIL at line condition density
CPLo Correction factor for the effect of pressure on OIL 1.00164653
at line condition density
CTLw Correction factor for the effect of temperature on 0.99824478
WATER at line condition density
CPLw Correction factor for the effect of pressure on the 0.99985089
Vo,s Volume of OIL (note 1.1) 691.897 mc
Vw,s Volume of WATER (note 1.2) 299.429 mc
(note 1.1) Vo,s= IV x (1- WCm) x CTLo x CPLo = 691.897 mc

(note 1.2) Vw,s= IV x WCm x CTLw x CPLw = 299.429 mc
Case 2: water cut measured by density of mixture at line conditions (density on line
analyser)
INPUT DATA
ρmix,m Density of mixture at line conditions 857.43 Kg/mc
CALCULATED DATA

27617.ENG.STA.STD
Rev 01 – July 2019
Sh 65 of 65
CALCULATED DATA
ρo,m Density of oil at line conditions 784.33 Kg/mc
ρw,m Density of water at line conditions 997.38 Kg/mc
WCm Water cut at line conditions (note 2.1) 30 %
(note 2.1) WCm = (ρmix,m- ρo,m)/( ρw,m- ρo,m)= 30%

(note 2.2) Vo,s = IV x (1- WCm) x CTLo x CPLo = 691.900 mc
(note 2.3) Vw,s = IV x WCm x CTLw x CPLw = 299.427 mc
Case 3: water cut measured by water cut at laboratory conditions

INPUT DATA
CALCULATED DATA
WCm Water cut at line conditions (note 3.1) 30.29 %
1 1
(note 3.1) 𝑊𝐶𝑚 = 1−𝑊𝐶𝑠 𝐶𝑇𝐿𝑤 ∙𝐶𝑃𝐿𝑜,𝑤 = 1−0.3 0,99824478∙0,99985089 =30.29%
1+( ). 1+( ).
𝑊𝐶𝑠 𝐶𝑇𝐿𝑜 ∙𝐶𝑃𝐿𝑜 0.3 0,9868∙1,00164653
(note 3.2) Vo,s = IV x (1- WCm) x CTLo x CPLo = 691.032 mc

(note 3.3) Vw,s = IV x WCm x CTLw x CPLw = 300.302 mc


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27617.ENG.STA.

 Rev 00: issued on 2013, August.

External user shall refer to the Project Engineer Manager.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

3.6.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 33

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

 British Standards Institute (BSI)

CONTRACTOR/ COMPANY (or companies) able to provide goods and/or services as

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Method of flowrate measurement in which the average fluid velocity

The closeness of agreement between a test result and the accepted

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Parameter, associated with the result of a measurement that characterizes

Item Description Item Description

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

1.6 MEASUREMENT UNITS

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Do not consider the documents MOD.STA.PKG.001 and

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Description Voltage Source

Transmitters 24VDC (*) Flow computer

Service power (socket) 230V AC, 50Hz or 60Hz Electrical switchboard

Panel illumination 230V AC, 50Hz or 60Hz Electrical switchboard

(*) The field instruments can be

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

2.1.2 Instrument Air Supply

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Requirements for Uncertainty Class A:

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Requirements for Uncertainty Class B:

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

– Viscosity operational range.

2.4.2 Lease Automatic Custody Transfer (LACT) Systems

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

SYSTEM MPMS Chapter

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

• comparison with master meter;

2.10 DIAGNOSTIC AND MAINTENANCE STRATEGIES

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

3.1 FMS DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Meter run pressure setting/equalising

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

3.3.1 ULTRASONIC FLOW METER

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

FLOWMETER TYPE POSITIVE ULTRASONIC

CLASS B (Allocation)    

key:  Recommended;  Good;  Acceptable (May be used)

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD