BEA 206

AUTOMOTIVE COMFORT & SAFETY SYSTEM I

Chapter:
Ventilation System

Modern cars are designed to have a constant through-ow of fresh air that keeps the interior atmosphere pleasant even with all the windows shut. The incoming air can be heated by the engine to keep the windows clear of mist and the car interior at a chosen temperature.

Air enters a large duct at the front of the car, placed so that when the car is moving the entry point is in a high-pressure area and air is forced in. From there it goes to the heater, which warms it if required. Another common entry point is through grilles on top of the bonnet.

VENTILATION SYSTEM
The ventilation system on most vehicles is designed to supply outside air to the passenger compartment through upper or lower vents or both.

Several systems are used to vent air into the passenger compartment, the most common of which is the flow-through system.
In this arrangement, a supply of outside air, called ram air, flows into the car when it is moving

VENTILATION SYSTEM
In this arrangement, a supply of outside air, called RAM AIR, ows into the car when it is moving. On certain older vehicles, air is admitted by opening or closing two vent knobs under the dashboard.The air is still considered ram air and is circulated through the passenger compartment. Rather than using ram air (especially if the vehicle is stopped), a ventilation fan can be used. It can be accessible from under the dashboard or from inside the engine compartment

VENTILATION SYSTEM
Most vehicles have a cabin ltration system that cleans the air before it enters the passenger compartment When the fan motor is energized by using the temperature controls on the dashboard, air is moved through the passenger compartment.

AUTOMOTIVE HEATING SYSTEMS

The automotive heating system has been designed to work hand in hand with the cooling system to maintain proper temperatures inside the car. In the liquid-cooling system, heat from the coolant circulating inside the engine is converted to hot air, which is blown into the passenger compartment. There is also an electric fan, which can be switched on to blow air through the system when the car is stationary, or when extra ventilation is called for.

AUTOMOTIVE HEATING SYSTEMS

The main components of an automotive heating system are the:
Heater Core Heater Control Valve Heater & Defroster ducts Blower Motor & the Fan

Heater Core

The heater core is generally designed and constructed much like a miniature radiator. It features an inlet or outlet tube and a tube and n core to facilitate coolant ow between them.

Hot coolant from the engine is sent from the upper portion of the engine to the heater core

Heater Core

It features an inlet or outlet tube and a tube and n core to facilitate coolant ow between them.

 The heater control valve (sometimes called the water ow valve) controls the ow of coolant into the heater core from the engine. Heater control valves are operated in three basic ways: by cable, thermostat, or vacuum

Heater Control Valve

Cable-operated valves are controlled directly from the heater control lever on the dashboard

Heater Control Valve

Thermo-statically controlled valves feature a liquid-lled capillary tube located in the discharge air stream off the heater core. This tube senses air temperature, and the valve modulates the ow of coolant to maintain a constant temperature, regardless of engine speed or temperature. Most heater valves utilized on today's car are vacuum operated. These valves are normally located in the heater hose line or mounted directly in the engine block. When a vacuum signal reaches the valve, a diaphragm inside the valve is raised, either opening or closing the valve against an opposing spring

Blower Motor & the Fan

When the engine is running, the blower motor is in constant operation at low speed. On automatic temperature control systems, the blower motor is activated only when the engine reaches a predetermined temperature

Heater & Defroster ducts

Transferring heated air from the heater core to the passenger compartment heater and defroster outlets is the job of the heater and defroster ducts

Typical HVAC airow for a heater and air-conditioning.