Project Management Project

NGO POLIO CAMPAIGN

GROUP MEMBERS: NAME Amay Pradhan Reshma Narayankar Pritpal Singh Shobha Salian Simran Kaur Roll Nos. 26 27 28 29 30

NGO CAPACITY-BUILDING

The concept of Pulse Polio is an immunisation campaign established by the government of India in 1995-96 to eradicate poliomyelitis (polio) in India by vaccinating all children under the age of five years against polio virus. This project deals with the ways to fight poliomyelitis through a large scale immunisation program, co-operating with various international institutions, state governments and Non Governmental Organizations.

OBJECTIVES
Key objectives The Pulse Polio Initiative (PPI) aims at covering every individual in the country. It aspires to reach even children in remote communities through an improved social mobilization plan.

Not a single child should miss the immunisation, leaving no chance of polio occurrence.

Cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) to be reported in time and stool specimens of them to be collected within 14 days. Outbreak Response Immunisation (ORI) to be conducted as early as possible.

Maintaining high level of surveillance. Performance of good mop-up operations where polio has disappeared. India to be polio-free by 2005.

Steps involved

Setting up of booths in all parts of the country. Initializing walk-in cold rooms, freezer rooms, deep freezers, ice-lined refrigerators and cold boxes for ensuring steady supply of vaccine to booths.

Arranging employees, volunteers and vaccines. Ensuring vaccine vial monitor on each vaccine vial. Immunizing children with OPV on National Immunisation Days. Identifying missing children from immunisation process. Surveillance of efficacy.

I.

INTRODUCTION

This reference guide outlines the necessary steps for starting an NGO. These logistical elements fall into four categories: (1) defining your organization; (2) determining the organizational structure; (3) registering your organization; and (4) administration.

II.

DEFINING YOUR ORGANIZATION A. Vision

The first thing your organization must do is identify a problem in your community that you believe your group can effectively address. This problem may be low literacy rates, the lack of jobs for rural women, or the under-representation of women in the democratic process. Once you identify the problem, you can then develop a vision for your organization. A vision is the "future reality" that you hope to achieve.i Creating an effective vision is a collective task. In order to create a vision, an NGO can research the visions of related organizations, spend time with the beneficiaries or people you hope to help, and assess their goals for the future. The vision should be based on the values and principles of your organization coupled with an idea of the type of society you want to live in.ii For example, an NGOs vision can be to live in a democratic society based on equal opportunity and justice for all.iii

B. Mission Developing a mission statement is the second step in forming an effective NGO. The mission statement describes in a few brief and clear sentences how your organization will realize the vision. For example, the mission statement of United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) runs as follows: UNICEF advocates quality basic education for all children girls and boys with an emphasis on gender equality and eliminating disparities of all kinds. In promoting equity, UNICEF focuses on the most disadvantaged children through a range of innovative programs and initiatives in education. We work with a range of local, national, and international partners to realize the education and gender equality goals

established in the Millennium Development Goals and the Education for All Declaration and to bring about essential structural changes needed to achieve social justice and equity for all. iv Most organizations will make their mission statement available to the general public by displaying it in their offices or publishing it on their website. By researching other NGOs' mission statements, you may find one that can help you craft your own. Your NGOs mission statement will guide the future actions and decisions of your organization. It will also succinctly explain your NGO's particular focus to potential donors and members. You will want to research organizations similar to the one you are starting and ensure that you will not be duplicating the mission of a group that already exists. It is best to start an NGO that will fill a specific community need that no other NGO is addressing. The process of developing a mission statement is composed of several steps: 1. Establish a group or committee to write the mission statement; 2. Adopt criteria for an effective mission statement; 3. Develop one or more draft statements and compare against criteria for an effective mission statement; 4. Develop second drafts; 5. Seek comments and suggestions from others outside the committee; 6. Take comments and suggestions into consideration and create a final draft of the mission statement; and 7. Present the mission statement to the Board of Directors for approval.v C. Goals and Objectives After determining your vision and mission statement, you must develop specific goals and objectives for implementing your vision. Goals and objectives should be broadbased, practical, and limited in number.vi It is important to outline your goals so you can measure the progress you are making towards fulfilling your mission statement and achieving your vision. Your goals should be clearly outlined and prioritized in order of importance. The most effective NGOs concentrate on one or two attainable goals; an organization with too many goals will have neither the time nor the resources to realize them all.vii Objectives are the specific steps you will take to achieve your goals. Each goal may have several objectives, or only one. D. Internal Evaluation of an NGO Realistically evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of your NGO will allow you to determine how best to ensure that your organization meets its particular goals and objectives.viii For example, if the staff lacks a strong financial background and your goal

is to create a small business development program, then you can hire an accountant or business person to address your organizations weaknesses.

III.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

A. Board of Directors Before doing anything else, the founders of the NGO must form a Board of Directors. A Board of Directors is the governing body of the organization and its membership is elected by the membership of the NGO. The Board of Directors plays a number of essential roles within the NGO: Creating and approving the budget; Hiring and supervising the executive director; Determining the guidelines for membership; Performing basic administration; Developing policy; Managing legal and financial matters;

Representing the NGO to the wider community; Advocating for the NGO and its goals; Mobilizing resources; and Coordinating with other agencies or organizations.ix

Pulse Polio Immunization

1. Sector
Health

2. Sub-sector
Child Health

3. Policy/ Area
Polio Eradication

Program

Sustainability The medical goal of polio eradication is to prevent paralytic illnesses due to polioviruses by elimination of the wild poliovirus so that the countries of the world need not continue to immunize all children perpetually. If there are no more wild poliovirus cases till 2005, India will be declared polio-free by WHO. Even then there are chances of the disease Returning from vaccine-derived viruses. Mutant viruses have caused outbreaks of polio when immunization coverage drops. Therefore it may not be possible to discontinue polio immunization. Several polio -free Countries are using IPV. India may have to consider this option.

Description Poliomyelitis (Derived from Greek - polio meaning Gray and myelon meaning Marrow, indicating the spinal cord) is indicative of the effect of poliomyelitis virus On the spinal cord that leads to the classic manifestation, paralysis. Known Commonly as polio, it is a dreadful infectious disease.

SAMPLE PROJECT BUDGET

NGO
POLIO CAMPAIGN 2011
Time Period for Project Total Budget Requested 1 Jan. 2011 31 May 2011 $ 39,218

INCOME

Source

Amount

EXPENDITURES Cost Categories

Administrative Costs
1 1.1 Staffing Costs Salaries

Unit

Unit Cost

Quantity Total
14,800

Notes

1.11

Director Project Manager (PM) Administrative Assistant 1 (AA1) Driver/Guard

Year

40,000

10%

4,000

10% of the director's time will be devoted to this project.

1.12

Month

1200

6,000

1.13 1.14

Month Month

600 600

3 3

1,800 1,800

1.2 1.21

Benefits Person Health 200 3 600

Insurance

1.3 1.31

Training Training Seminar Person 300 2 600

Logistical and 2 2.1 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 Administrative Costs Office Costs (printing) paper Phone/Fax Internet Printer Ink Postage Rent Electricity Water Ream Month Month Cartridge Stamp Month Month Month 20 50 50 10 0.2 500 50 50 5 5 5 2 2,000 5 5 5 100 250 250 20 500 2500 250 250 4120

2.2 2.21 2.22 2.23

Transportation Fuel Insurance Maintenance Liter Month Month 2 100 50 100 5 5

1380 200 500 250 PM and AA1 attend

2.24

Flight to Baghdad

Flight

215

430

training in Baghdad

2.3 2.33

Equipment Computer 800 1

800 800

Specialized Services

12,200 Project materials must be in Arabic & English Guards for our facilities

3.1

Translation

Page

20

200

4,000

3.2

Security

Hour

15

500

7,500

& during transportation Help setting up the

3.3 3.4

Technological Assistance Legal Assistance

Hour Hour

20 30

20 10

400 300

Internet & phone lines

PROJECT COSTS
4 Project 1- Seminar on Legislative Advocacy Facilities needed for 4.1 4.2 Facility Rental Refreshments Day Person 1000 5 3 150 3000 750 Equipment, (projectors) 4.3 4.4 Technology Rental Conference Materials Day Person 75 1 2 150 150 150 only needed for two days three days, May 28-May 30

Contingency

1,868

5% of total budget

TOTAL

39,218

COMPONENTS
The Programme components and activities for implementation are as follows: (a) Start-Up Activities:

Approaches to Polio Eradication

Polio eradication initiatives typically use four main operational approaches: 1. Three doses of oral polio vaccine (OPV) provided to children under the age of one allow a population to achieve and maintain high routine immunization coverage. 2. National Immunization Days (NIDs) supplement routine immunization activities with coordination of supplementary activities across national borders for regional initiatives. 3. In the final phase of eradication, countries often conduct more targeted campaigns known as mopping-up activities that aim to eliminate the remaining reservoirs of wild poliovirus. During these campaigns, health workers deliver OPV house-to-house to all targeted children within a specified geographic area. 4. Surveillance systems of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) increase the effectiveness of polio eradication immunization activities and monitor their progress. Because it is difficult to distinguish polio-specific AFP cases from other AFP cases, all cases must be reported, and checked at laboratory to determine if they are caused by polio. AFP surveillance requires detection, investigation and reporting of AFP in children under the age of 15 years old. Most countries have used a mixture of operational approaches in their campaigns to eradicate polio, and the mixture varies According to the particular needs and resources of the country. Two critical decisions have been when and how to conduct House-to-house campaigns, activities that is costly but necessary to reach all children under five in an eradication campaign. The timing depends on such factors as level of surveillance and management capacity of program managers.

PROJECT FUNDING
The Table below gives the percentage share of the allocation (i.e. the total approved POLIO project cost) for different components of a CREATE SMILE Project, the GOI/State share and the beneficiary contribution towards each components. In the case of Union Territories, the State share under the will be borne by the Govt. of India.

NGO Component-Wise earmarking and funding pattern

S.N.

Component

Amount earmarked as percent of the project outlay

Contribution percent

GOI

S t a t e

Household/ Community

a.

Start-up Activities (Preliminary Surveys, Publicity etc.) IEC, Including Motivational Awareness and Educative Campaigns, Advocacy etc. Alternate Delivery Mechanism (PCs/RSMs) (i) Individual Latrines for BPL/ disabled house holds (ii) Community Sanitary Complexes

Less than 5% (subject to a ceiling of Rs. 20 lakh per district) 100 0 0

More than 15%

80

2 0

b.

More than 5% (Subject to a maximum of Rs. 35 Lakh per district) 80 2 0 0

c.

Less than 60% (subject to Guidelines) para 9 (d) of the 60 2 0 20

d.

e.

Individual house hold latrines for APL School Sanitation Including Anganwadis

Nil

100

More than 10%

60

3 0

10

f.

g.

(Hardware and Support Services) Administrative charges, including training, staff, support services, Monitoring & Evaluation etc.

Less than 5% (subject to a ceiling of Rs. 40 lakh per district)

80

2 0

RELEASE OF FUNDS The Central assistance shall be released to the Implementing Agency in four instalments (30, 30, 30, 10). The first instalment will be released immediately after approval of the project proposal by the National Scheme Sanctioning Committee subject to receipt of details of the Implementing Agency at District level and name of the bank and A/c. No. etc. The release of further instalments will be subject to the following conditions ; I. Release of State share : The State share must be released to the concerned project district at least in the same proportion as central share has been released within a fortnight of release of the central share. II. Household / Community contribution : For all the hardware activities executed, the corresponding household / community contribution, including APL house holds must be taken and reflected appropriately in the progress report. III. Expenditure and Utilization certificate : At least 60% of the total available funds under central share as well as State share, including interest must have been properly utilized. There should be more than 60% utilization under central and State share separately. Separate utilization certificate for the central fund and the state fund should be submitted. The Utilization certificate should be furnished for each financial year since the year in which the project was sanctioned and fund released.