INDICE

INDICE ...................................................................................................................... 1
PRESENT TENSE VERB BE .......................................................................................... 2
POSITIVE .........................................................................................................................2
NEGATIVE........................................................................................................................2
QUESTIONS .....................................................................................................................3

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES ........................................................................................... 3

ARTICLES .................................................................................................................. 3
a / an (indefinite article) ..................................................................................................3
The (definite article) ........................................................................................................4
PLURALS ..........................................................................................................................4
This / that / these / those ................................................................................................4

PRESENT SIMPLE ALL VERBS...................................................................................... 5

POSITIVE .........................................................................................................................5
NEGATIVE........................................................................................................................5
QUESTIONS .....................................................................................................................6

POSSESSIVE (S) ........................................................................................................ 6

ADJECTIVES .............................................................................................................. 6
TELLING THE TIME .................................................................................................... 6
EXEMPLES: ......................................................................................................................7

ADVERBS OF FRECUENCY .......................................................................................... 7

THE MOST USED ADVERBS ...............................................................................................7

PREPOSITIONS OF TIME ............................................................................................ 7

EXEMPLES FOR IN .........................................................................................................8
EXEMPLES FOR ON .......................................................................................................8
EXEMPLES FOR AT ........................................................................................................8

CAN / CANT ............................................................................................................. 8

LIKE (+ VERB + -ING) ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
OBJECT PRONOUNS: me, you, him... ......................................................................... 8
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS: mine.... .............................................................................. 9

PRESENT TENSE VERB BE

POSITIVE

Full form

Contraction

I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You are
They are

Im
Youre
Hes
Shes
Its
Were
Youre
Theyre

Use capital I Im your teacher.

Use they for people and things.
Use contractions in conversation.

NEGATIVE

Full form

Contraction

I am not
You are not
He is not
She is not
It is not
We are not
You arenot
They are not

Im not
You arent
He isnt
She isnt
It isnt
We arent
You arent
They arent

Put not after the verb to make negatives.

QUESTIONS

Full form

Contraction

Am I?
Are you?
Is he?
Is she?
Is it?
Are we?
Are you?
Are they?

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

In questions, put be before you, he, etc (Are you Spanish?. How are you?)
Dont use contractions in positive short answers.

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

Full form

Exemple

My
Your
His
Her
Its
Our
Your
Their

My family are from Alcora

This is your classroom
His name is Michael
Her name is Elena
Its name is Queens School
Our students are clever
Your sons are shorts
Their names are David and Emma

Use their for men, women and things.

Be careful with its and its

ARTICLES
a / an (indefinite article)

Use a / an with a singular noun.

Use an with a noun beginning with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u).
o A pencil, a bag, a car.
o An identity card, an umbrella, an egg.

The (definite article)

Use the when we know which (door, windows).

Use the with singular and plural nouns.

PLURALS

Singular

Plural

Spelling

a book
a key
a watch
a box
a country
a dictionary

books
keys
watches
boxes
countries
dictionaries

Add s
Add es after ch, sh, s, x
Consonant + y ies

Dont use a / an with plurals nouns.

This / that / these / those

Use this / these for things near you.

Use that / those for things far away.
this / that = singular.
these / those = plural.

PRESENT SIMPLE ALL VERBS

POSITIVE
Full form
I work
You work
He works
She works
It works
We work
You work
They work

Use present simple for things that are generally true or habitually happen.

NEGATIVE
Full form
I dont work
You dont work
He doesnt work
She doesnt work
It doesnt work
We dont work
You dont work
They dont work

To make negatives use dont / doesnt + infinitive

QUESTIONS

Question

Positive

Negative

Do I work?
Do you work?
Does he works?
Does she works?
Does it works?
Do we work?
Do you work?
Do they work?

Yes, I do
Yes, you do
Yes, he does
Yes, she does
Yes, it does
Yes, we do
Yes, you do
Yes, they do

No, I dont
No, you dont
No, he doesnt
No, she doesnt
No, it doesnt
No, we dont
No, you dont
No, they dont

Remember word order = ASI (auxiliary, subject, infinitive) or QUASI

(question word, auxiliary, subject, infinitive)

Question word Auxiliary

X
X
Where
What food

Do
Does
do
does

Subject

Infinitive (= verb)

you
Jenny
you
Jenny

live with your parents?

like Chinese food?
live?
like?

POSSESSIVE (S)

Use (s) with a person to talk about relatives (familiares) and possessions.
(Naomis mother, NOT the mother of Naomi)
Use (s) with irregular plural people, men, women, children, people. (Thats my
childrens school).
Dont use (s) with things. (The end of the film, NOT the fims end)

ADJECTIVES
.

Adjectives go before a noun (a big pen).

Adjectives dont change before a plural noun. (big pens NOT bigs pens)

TELLING THE TIME

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Use Its + time to say what time is it.

You can ask Whats the time? or What time is it?
Use at to say when you do something.
En punto = oclock
Y media = half + past
Y cuarto = quarter
Cuando falta tiempo para llegar a una hora to
Cuando pasa tiempo de una hora past

EXEMPLES:

7:00 Its seven oclock

9:30 Its half past nine
1:45 Its quarter to two
2:15 Its quarter past two
1:25 Its twenty-five past one
3:40 Its twenty to four

ADVERBS OF FRECUENCY

Use abverbs of frecuency to answer the question How often?

Adverbs of frecuency go:
o before all verbs (except be)
o after be
Use positive verbs with never and hardly ever

THE MOST USED ADVERBS

Always (siempre)
Usually (normalmente)
Often (a menudo)
Sometimes (a veces)
Hardly ever (casi nunca)
Never (nunca)

PREPOSITIONS OF TIME

Use in for parts of the days, months, seasons and years

Use on for days and dates
Use at for times of the day, night, the weekend, and festivals
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EXEMPLES FOR IN

the morning
the afternoon
the evening
December
the summer
1998

EXEMPLES FOR ON

Monday
the 12th of July
my birthday

EXEMPLES FOR AT

three oclock
midday/midnight
lunchtime
night
the weekend
Christmas / Easter (Semana Santa) / New year

CAN / CANT

Can

Question

Positive

Negative

I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they

Yes, I can
Yes, you can
Yes, he can
Yes, she can
Yes, it can
Yes, we can
Yes, you can
Yes, they can

No, I cant
No, you cant
No, he cant
No, she cant
No, it cant
No, we cant
No, you cant
No, they cant

swim?
come?
help?

Dont use to after can

OBJECT PRONOUNS: me, you, him...

Object pronouns go after the verb (I love you).

You also use object pronouns after prepositions (with, to, from) (listen to me)
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Subject pronouns

Object pronoun

Exemple

I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they

me
you
him
her
it
us
you
them

Wait for me.

I love you.
She isnt in love with him.
He kisses her.
I dont like it.
Can you help us?
See you tomorrow.
Phone them this evening.

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS: mine....

Use possessive to talk about possession. (That book is mine).

Use possessive pronouns in place of a possessive adjective + noun.
Dont use the with possessive pronouns. (This is yours. NOT This is the
yours)

Subject pronouns
I
you
he
she
we
you
they

Possessive adjectives Possessive pronouns

Its my car.
Its your car.
Its his car.
Its her car.
Its our car.
Its your car.
Its their car.

Its mine
Its yours
Its his
Its hers
Its ours
Its yours
Its theirs

PAST SIMPLE OF BE: was / were

PAST SIMPLE REGULAR VERBS

PAST SIMPLE IRREGULARS VERBS

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