MAX MULLER'S HANDBOOKS

FOR

THE STUDY OF SANSKRIT

THE HITOPADESA.

BOOK

I.

rHURPROBSTHAIN,
antal

Bookseller,

Tin-:

FIEST

BOOK

OF THE

HITOPADESA:

CONTAINING

THE SANSKRIT TEXT,

INTERLINEAR TRANSLITERATION, GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS,

AND ENGLISH TRANSLATION.

SECOND EDITION

LONDON

LONGMANS, GREEN, AND

1884.

CO.

2,1 M-\

PREFACE.

SERIES of Handbooks for the study of Sanskrit seems to be required at the present moment by two classes of readers by those who, as candidates for the Indian Civil Service, are anxious to acquire that amount of familiarity
;

with the grammar and literature of the classical language of India, which is not only useful for an honourable acquitment at the public examinations, but
lars

serves as the best foundation for the subsequent study of the spoken vernacuand by that steadily increasing number of scholars who wish to gain an ;

elementary, yet accurate, knowledge of a language which is the key to the secrets of Comparative Philology. There is, indeed, no lack of books in English for those who make Sanskrit the study of their life ; and even continental scholars who wish to
acquire a sound aud profound knowledge of the ancient language and literature of India, must still have recourse to the masterworks of English scholars

such as Colebrooke, Prinsep, and Wilson. The first volume of Colebrooke's Sanskrit Grammar, published sixty years ago, is a monument of English scholarship which has never been surpassed by any subsequent Grammar,

whether in English, German, or French.

Professor Benfey's large Sanskrit

Grammar, published

at Leipzig in 1852, is the only

work

that rivals

it

in

comprehensiveness and authoritativeness.* The Dictionary of Wilson, to which is mainly due the rapid progress which Sanskrit scholarship has made
in the Universities of Europe, is still the only complete thesaurus of the language of ancient India. There are the editiones principes, the original translations, the comprehensive essays, due to the honest industry of such men as Sir W. Jones, Wilkins, Colebrooke, Wilson, and Ballantyne, which
in the library of every student of these works are available to advanced scholars only, while the elementary books now accessible to English students who wish to begin the study of Sanskrit, and who, in many cases, have to begin it without the

will

always keep their place of honour

Sanskrit.

But

help of a master, are, with rare exceptions, edited in such a manner that they fail in the very elements of grammar, and unnecessarily retard the progress even of the most painstaking pupils. It has been said, indeed, with some

apparent truth, that the race of bonafide Sanskrit scholars seemed for a time extinct in England but the late publications of Mr. J. Muir of Edinburgh,
;

and Professor E. B. Cowell of Calcutta, bear witness that in Sanskrit scholarship, too, England will always hold her own, and that, with the
*

The same author has

lately published a

'

Practical

Grammar

of the Sanskrit Language

for the

Use of early Students,' London, 1863.

vi

advantages enjoyed by the members of the Civil Service in India, there will never be wanting worthy successors of Colebrooke and Wilson men who have not only mastered the intricacies of Sanskrit grammar, but who are capable of reading Sanskrit MSS., and contributing towards the progress of
Sanskrit scholarship by editing texts that have never been edited before, and translating texts that have never been translated before.
present series of elementary handbooks is intended to comprise an elementary Grammar for English students, a Sanskrit-English Dictionary, and the ordinary text-books, the Hitopadesa, the Laws of Manu, the play of

The

&akuntal, the Nala, and such other works as may hereafter seem to be called

Manual of Comparative Philology, England or in India. written with special reference to Greek and Latin, is likewise in preparation. The cooperation of several eminent Sanskrit scholars has been secured.
for either in

The first volume of the^erie^contains the First Book of the Hitopades"a, a work which, since the days of Sir William Jones, has been used as the textbook in all Colleges and Public Examinations. The Sanskrit text has been so
efficient teacher will

arranged that even those who are not able to command the assistance of an be able by themselves to read, parse, and translate every
letters,

word of this ancient collection of Indian fables. The first line contains the Sanskrit text in Devanagari
to the rules of

the words

properly joined according The second line gives every word transcribed in Roman letters. The system of transliteration is that of Sir W. Jones, with a few modifications The words are which are now generally adopted by Sanskrit scholars.
separated^ and the final and initial letters allowed to remain unaffected by the rules of Sandhi. Compound words have been divided, and the single words which enter into composition are given in their crude forms. Thus sariiskritoktishu
it is
is printed samskrita-uhtishu, but not sam-krita-uktishu, because samskrita, as a ready-made word, that enters into composition with uhti. Samskaras, on the contrary, is divided into sam-karas, thus showing the

Sandhi.

reader that the insertion of the

result of the composition of karas

samunnatim

is

and the change of m into Anusvara, are the with sam. According to the same system printed sam-ud-natim, rajaputras appears as rajan-putras,
s,

upaiti as upa-eti, &c.

Two

advantages are thus secured

first

the

warned against reading the Devanagari text too mechanically by the

the transliteration, and his attention is from the which govern the composition of words.

pupil is aid of

attracted to the rules

The third line contains a grammatical analysis of every word. The space that could be spared for this being very limited, it was necessary to use abbreviations, a complete list of which will be found at the end of the preface.
fourth line supplies an English interlinear translation. As far as each Sanskrit word is here rendered by an English word, the sucpossible cession of words in Sanskrit being preserved throughout in English. Any attempt at English idiom was out of the question ; yet it is hoped that, by the help of the grammatical analysis, this English trans vocabulation (sit venia

The

may be intelligible and useful to a diligent student. From page 38 the transliteration is discontinued. The studeTic, after having worked his way through the first thirty-eight pages, ought to be sufficiently
verbo)
familiarised with the Devanagari alphabet to be able to dispense henceforth

with the

Roman

transcript.

In order to mark the end of words which

in the

Devanugarl text are joined together with the next following won!.-, a dot has been placed beneath the final letter, an expedient which, it is hoped, will prove useful to the beginner, and do away with the necessity of separating

and initial letters of words which, according to the genius of the Sanskrit language, cannot be conceived as separated from each other. From page 68 the grammatical analysis too has been discontinued. The
tin- final

student, after having read so far, may reasonably be supposed to have acquired such a knowledge of the elements of Sanskrit grammar as to be able to read the rest of the first book of the Hitopadesa with the help of a literal interlinear translation.

The

Sanskrit text

Nyalankar,
to

is chiefly based on in his edition of the Hitopadesa,

that of

Lakshami Narayan

with a Bengali and English

Deviations from that text were only resorted where grammar, regard for the difficulties of beginners, or decency, seemed to require it. That text was chosen as an authority, partly because it was desirable to have, as far aa possible, the same text in the examinations in India and in England, partly because an eclectic text, even one so carefully elaborated as that of Schlegel and Lassen, seemed to be incompatible with those principles of diplomatic criticism which are now adopted by all sound scholars, not ouly in Greek and Latin, but likewise in Sanskrit and Oriental literature. No attempt has yet been made to arrange the numerous MSS. of the Hitopadesa genealogically, and there is hardly another work with which each copyist has ventured to take such liberties as with this, the most popular story-book of
translation, Calcutta, 1830.

India.

Until

MSS. have been

genealogically arranged, a selection of certain

In my transplausible readings from this or that MS. is worse than useless. lation of the Hitopadesa, published in the year 1844, I pointed out that an eclectic restoration of the text, even if carried out by men of taste and profound scholarship, could never satisfy the demands of modern criticism. As the labour of collating and classifying the MSS. of the Hitopadesa would have been very great, and aa, owing to the nature of this popular work, the result would always have been problematical, I determined to make no attempt
at a critical restoration of the text, but to adhere throughout to

some one native

authority. why I preferred the text of Lakshami Narayan Nyalankar, the Bengali editor and translator of this Indian school-book, to any single MS. of the Hitopadesa, was, as I stated before, of a purely practical nature I

The

reason

wished there should be, as far as possible, a certain uniformity in the text-books used in England and in India. I have also to confess that in cases where such common phrases as tatha cha, aparam cha, tatha cha uktam ('and thus it is four lines, they have sometimes said') would have entailed a blank space of
been omitted, and that the same consideration has occasionally required the omission of certain portions in the grammatical analysis of the text.

of the First Book of the Hitopadesa, as here printed, carefully prepared for me, according to the principles just explained, by Dr. F. Kielhorn, and I hope that the labour bestowed upon it by him and by of scholars who wish to myself will prove useful to that daily-increasing class an accurate knowledge of the classical language of ancient India, acquire whether as a preparation for the study of the spoken vernaculars, or as an introduction to the science of language.

The manuscript

WM

Transliteration of the

Devanagari Alphabet.

fT

tarn
'
'

tarn
B,
'

tarn
'

tai'n

karoti,

khadati,

gachclihati,

ghoshayati,

nakaraiii,

ft

ftlfrT,
tain

<t

tarn
' '

tarn
g'
'

tarn
10. ~
i

chinoti,

chhiualti,

jayati,

jhakaram,

nakaram,

ft

tarn iam
11.
"'

In

ill
'

tain

..
'

tarn

.,
'

tarn

takarara,

thakaram,

dakaram,

dhakaram,

nakaram.

tain
16. 17.

tarii

tiiiii

tain
19.

tain
20.

18.

tudati,

thakaram,
cT

dadati,

dhamati,

nayati,

taih
21.
'

tarn
"

tarn

04

tarn
'

tain
25.

pibati,

phalam,

bodhati,

bliinatti,

mochayati,

ft

*nf?i,
27. tarn rakshati,

of

26. tarn yati,

28. tarn labhate,

29. tarii valiati,

30. tarn srinoti,

31. tarn

shakaraui,

32. laiii sarati,-

33. tain harati.

According to the same Panini, however (viii. end of words, may be (not must be) pronounced

4, 59), this

Anusvara,

at the

like the nasal

corresponding
,

to the initial letter of the following word, unless that initial letter be h ; to which may be added r. Hence we find in in
in

s/i, s,

1-

5,

d^'

or ft
ff

^fK^f^

<a"

k arot i or

tarii

karoti

6-10,

ffflf ?Yf?F or
or

frf?YfrT> ta " chinoti or tarn chinoti

or tan tudati or tain tudati;
pibati or tarn pibati.

n-15,

in 16-20,

rfrTfT

or ?
rt

T>

in 21-25, fffHr^f?f or

fa^fo t am

Of

the semivowels, r only has no corresponding nasal, but

nasals, written
^j, ?f, ^, or
,

Zf, ^T,

^, y,

1,

v,

have their corresponding

in 26, ?f ^fifrT
in 28,

^, ^f ^,

y,

I,

v.

Hence,

r ft Trf^r>

^ iy y ati

or ? or ?f
S,

labhate or tain labhate

tav vahati or tarn vahati.
in 27, before

in 29,

In 30-36, before
svara
is

sh, s, h,

and

r,

the charge of

into

Anu-

absolute.

All cases * are thus provided for in which an m at the end of words is followed by a consonant. The only case not provided for is when m stands in pausa. Here, according to the strict interpretation of Panini, as no change of m into Anusvara is prescribed, m ought to be pronounced m.

We now come (viii. 3, 24), that m

r,
I,

to
is

in the

middle of words.

Here Panini

prescribes, first

v,

and

A, n, n, n,

pronounced as Anusvara before any consonant except y, m. But this, in the peculiar style of his grammar, is only

a step to a further rule (viii. 4, 58), according to which every Anusvara that has thus been enjoined, must be (not may be} pronounced like the nasal belong-

Anusvara.
word,
y, r,
/,

ing to the consonant following, except before The long and short of these rules
is

^,
is,

sh, s, h,

where

it

remains

that m, in the middle of a like the nasal of the consonant following, except before pronounced

v, n, n, n, n,
s,

before

sh, s,

m (where no change h (where the change of

viii. 4,

is

enjoined by
into

viii. 3, 24), and except Anusvara, prescribed by viii.

3, 24, is

not repealed by

58).
:

It

is

absolutely necessary, therefore, to pronounce

ankita,

0) ^flfrfT

^jf^ffT

anchita,

cfr^T

kundita,

nandita,
It
is

^fwTrfr kampita.
:

absolutely necessary to pronounce

(2)

7|?ZJrf

gamy ate, f^t namrah,

*S

^^:
:

ami ah

And

it is

absolutely necessary to

pronounce

00 ^T^t^Trf
yasamsi,

akramsyate, ?^i[<T

samskrita

[likewise

V*f c\

dhanumshi, where Panini treats the inserted

nasal as n

(MM*)}

All these rules will be found carefully observed in the text of the Hitopadesa, with one exception. In apparent defiance of Panini, the best MSS., and I would particularly instance the MSS. of the Sarhhita and Pada
texts of the Eig-Veda, write, not

^f^rfL

but
not

^5}'f3ffffT;

not

^ffpTL

but

not
*

cffqgrTT,

but

ef%7TT

Sff^rTL

but 5ff^?TT; not

few exceptions mentioned by Panini serve only to confirm these general rules m at the end of words is concerned. Thus (Pan. viii. 3, 25), in the compound sam-rat, a great king, the m of sam, though according to Sanskrit grammarians, standing at
as far as the

the end of a samrat,

word

(padante),

must be pronounced
But
this

as m, not as Anusvara.
to
this

Hence, ^Jt^l <T

;

not
>

^J^T?
viii. 3,

samrat.

applies
samrajita.

one compound only

hence

samrajita, not

^^1^^!

Again (Pan.

may
fsjf

of the preceding word 26), if initial h is followed by m, the final Thus : either, according to the general rule, be pronounced as Anusvara, or remain m.

<i

p$r^rf?t

or'

f^f^f^T^n^f> M

tmalayati or Aim hmdayati.

The reason

of this

must be found in the

slight pronunciation of h before

so that m, not h, seems to be

sounded as the initial of hmalayati. The same option is given by some grammarians with of regard to words beginning with hy, hi, Iv. Natives very commonly write Bramha, instead Brahma, i.e. they pronounce mh instead of km. Panini (viii. 3, 27), gives a similar option with regard to words beginning with An. Hence, kirn hnute, or kin hnute.

xi

but ^f^Trrr.

The

reason of this

is

palpable

it

is

easier to
still

->nlqni

than ^ffRril.

What

applies to writing applies with

greater force to printing, and I have, therefore, in all my Sanskrit publications, preferred the more compendious system of representing the five nasals
before the consonants of their

own

classes

by the dot above the

line.

It

should be clearly understood, however, that whether

we

write

^fftdl

or

^f%rTr>
is

the rule of Panini, which refers to pronunciation and not to writing,

equally absolute, and that in the middle of a

k,

word the only nasals that can

fh, d, dh,
t,

be sounded before

kh

g, gh, ch, chh,j,jh,

t,

th, d,

dh, p, ph, b,

bh, are the nasals of the five classes to

T

*U

^T

).

The

dot, therefore,

which these consonants belong (^, used in writing and printing is here

a mere graphic substitute for these five nasals, and in no with the dot as the sign of the Anusvara.

way to be confounded

At

optional, the dot, which in accordance with either be pronounced as Anusvara or looked

the end of words, as the pronunciation in cases 1-25, 26, 28, 29, is most MSS. I always prefer, may

upon as the graphic substitute for of the five class-nasals and of the three nasalised semi-vowels. Only, if it any precedes words beginning with r, s, sh, s, k, the final dot must be pronounced
Lastly, if words ending in m stand in pausa, the final dot, according to the strict interpretation of Panini, is to be pronounced as m. Though this matter is in itself simple enough, it has been much complicated by grammarians who did not perceive that the rules given by Panini
as Anusvara.

and not to writing, and that in Sanskrit native publications the dot has really two quite distinct functions 1. It marks the sound of Anusvara at the end of words before
refer to pronunciation
:

MSS. and
I,

sh,

s,

h,

and r (optionally before any consonant), and in the middle of words before
S,

sh,

s,

h.

It graphically replaces in the middle of words the five nasals before the twenty mutes, and the at the end of words in pausa. In an elementary book like the present, the consistent use of the dot
2.

that while

instead of the five class-nasals in the cases described above, has the advantage it removes any doubt as to the original nature of final n, n, and n,

followed by initial sonant Palatals, Lingual?, and Dental?,* it forces the student to practice the phonetic rules in order to be able to judge for himself whether the dot represents the sound of Anusvara or whether it is

when

used as an abbreviation in place of one of the five class-nasals.

MAX MULLER.
WBTMOUTH:
September 1864.

Thus

(flj

%} ^?f%)

tin jay ft *' always

represents

an original

fff|

afijil, he

conquers them; while <jf

conquers her.
before
for
t,

Sf^ff^,

tarn jayati, stands for

an original TfTJf

^^j?T
is

The
dh.

nasal dot never represents an original n except in the middle of words

th, d,

In cases like

fjf^,

tami cha, or fflfjf^T, mimanuti, the dot

meant

Anusvara.

CONTENTS.
PAGE

INTRODUCTION

BOOK

I.

FRIEND-ACQUISITION, ILLUSTRATED BY THE STORY OF THE CROW,

THE PIGEONS, THE MOUSE, THE TORTOISE, AND THE DEER.

FABLE
I.
. .

THE TRAVELLER AND THE TIGER THE DEER, THE JACKAL, AND THE CROW THE BLIND VULTURE, THE
. .

17

II.

.37
.

III.

CAT, AND THE BIRDS

.

39

IV.

THE HISTORY OP HIRANYAKA, THE MOUSE THE OLD MAN AND

HIS

.61

V.

YOUNG WIFE

.62
76

VI.
VII.
VIII.

DEATH OF THE GREEDY JACKAL

THE PRINCE AND THE MERCHANT'S WIFE

THE JACKAL AND THE ELEPHANT

.85
88

II

TO THE BLESSED GANESA, SALUTATION!

II

HERE BEGINS THE

HITOPADESA..

Biddhis
-dhi, N.sg.

uatam
-y^L.sg.n,
in
-t,O.pl.

astu
as, 8 sg.

pra-sadat
~4&,Ab.sg.

tasya
i&d.G.sg.m.

dhurjates
-\,\,G.sg.

Imp. Par.

Success

what

is

to

be

of the good

may be

accomplished

through the favour

of that

Dhurja^i,

Jahnavi-phena-lekha iva
Tip.

yad-mtirdhni
Ttp. -dhan, L. tg.

fia^inas
-sin,

kali.

(1)

-\&&,N.sg.

Ind.
- like

G.sg.

-M,N.ff.

Ganges-froth-streak

on whose-head

the moon's

sixteenth part.

Anitas
srn. N.sg.m. past Ptc. Pats.

ayam tiita-upadeSas Karm.-s&, N.sg. idam, N.sg.m,

friendly-advice
this,

pitavam
-v*,Ac.sff.

saiiiskrita-uktisha

Karm.

-tl,

L.pl.

Heard

skill

in polished-expressions,

vacham
ch, G.pl.

sarvatra
Ind.

vaichitryam
-yz,Ac.sg.

niti-vidyam
Ttp. -yA, Ac. g.

dadati
dL,9sg.Pret.Par.

cha,
Ind.

(2)

ofworda

everywhere

variety,

behaviour-knowledKe

gives

and.

ajara-araara-vat
Ind,

prajnas
%*, N.sg.m.

vidyam
-y^Ac.tg.

artham
-tiM,Ac.tg.

cha
Ind.

chintayet
chiDt,Sv.JPo<.Par.

Not-growing

old,

the wise

knowledge

gain

and

should consider,

not-dying-like,

II

grihltas
grab, N.sg.m. past Ptc. Pass.

iva
Ind.

ke^eshu
-v^L.pl.

mrityunft
-yu.I.tg.

dharmam
-ra^Ae.tg.

a charot.

(3)

char tntM,ttff.Pvt.Por.

seized

as if

by the hairs

by B

death,

virtue

be should practiae.

sarva-dravyeshu Karm. -ya,,L.pl.

vidy&
-y&, 2V. sg.

eva
Ind.

dravyam
ya,
2V.sflr.

ahus
ah, 3 pi. Perf.

an-uttamam
Par.
Bahuv.-ma,,N.sg.n.

Among

all-things

knowledge only

a thing,

they say,

having nothing-beyond

aharyatvat
-tva,

anarghyatvat
-tva,

akshayatvat
tva,

cha
Ind.

sarvada.
Ind.

(4)

Ab. sg.

Ab.sg.

Ab. sg.

from the irremovability,

from the inestimableness,

from the imperishableness,

and

always.

sam-gamayati

vidy&
-ya,

eva
Ind.

nicha-ga
-ga,

gam with

sain, 3 sg. Pres.

Par. Cans.

N. sg.

api N. sg.f. Ind.

naram
-ra,

sarit
-t, 2V.

Ac. sg.

sg.

It causes to

meet

knowledge only, low-going even a man

a stream

samudram
-dra,

iva
Ind.
as,

dus-dharsham
-sha,Ac.$g.m.

nri-pam
-pa^Ac.sg.

bhagyam
-ya^N.sg.

atas
Ind.
-ra,

param.
further.

(5)

Ac. sg.

Ac. sg. n. Adv.

the ocean

a difficult to be approached

prince

happiness thence

fwrrerrft
vidy&
-ya,

dadati
da, 8 sg. Pres.

vi-nayam
Par.
-ya, Ac. sg.

vi-nayat
-ya,

yati
ya, 3 sg. Pres.

patratam
Par.
-ta,

N.

sg.

Ab.

sg.

Ac. sg.

Knowledge

gives

good behaviour, from good behav.

one goes

to worthiness,

$
patratvat
tva, Ab. sg.

n
tatas
Ind.

dhanam
-n^Ac.sg.

apnoti
ap, 3 sg. Pres.

dhanat
Par.
-na,

dharmam
-m&,Ac.sg. religious merit,

sukham. (6)
-kha, Ac. sg.

Ab.

sg.

from worthiness

wealth

one obtains,

from wealth

thence

happiness.

f%%
vidyi
-ya, 2V. sg.

6astrasya
-tra,

^astrasya
-tra, G. sg.

dve
dvi, 2V. du.f.

vidye
-ya,

prati-pattaye
tti, 1>.

O. sg.

N. dw.

sg.

The knowledge

of the weapon (and) of a learned book,

two

kinds of knowledge

for acquirement,

iva
-ya,

vriddhatve
-tva, L. sg.

dvitiya
-ya, 2V. sg.f.

a-driyate
dri with
a,

sad a.
Ind.

(7)

N.

sg.f.

-ya,

D.

sg.

Ssg.PresJPass.

the

first

for ridicule

in old age,

the second

is

respected

always.

yad
Ind.

nave
-va,

bhajane
-na, L. sg.

lagnas
lag, 2V. sg.

sam-karas
-ra, 2V. sg.

L.

sg. n.

m. past Part. Pass.

Because

on a new

vessel

impressed

an ornament

mitra

Jabhaa
2V.

suhrid
Ttp.

bhedas

vi-grabas
-ha, 2V. tg.

sara-dhis
-dhl, 2V. tg.

eva
Ind.

dia
Ind.

Ttp. -bha,

tg.

-da, 2V. tg.

Friend-acquisition,

friend-separation,

war,

conciliation

even

and

It

*~

II

paikha-tantrat

tatha
Ind.

anyasmat
-y&,Ab.sg.m.

granthat
-tha, Ab. tg

a-krishya
kr'wh. with i,

likbyate.
likh,3 sg.Pres.

(9)

Dmgu.

-tra,

Ab. sg.

Ger.

Past.
is

from the I'anchat.

and likewise

from another

book

having drawn

written.

asti
as, 3 sg.

bbagirathi-tire
Ttp.
-ra,

pataliputra-namadheyam
Bahuv.
-ya, 2V. tg. n.

nagaram.
-ra, 2V>flr.

tatra
fnJ.

Pres. Par.
is

L. tg.

There

on the Bhagirathi-bank

Pataliputra-named

a town.

Therein

V*

TT*
su-darsanas
-na, 2V. sg.
-ta, 2V. sg.

sarva-svamin-guna -iipetaa
Ttp.

m.

nama nara-patis -m*n,Ac.sg.Adv. Ttp. 4i.2V.s0.

by name
a man-lord

;'i

if.

aa.

3 sg. Imp/. Par.

with all-lord's-qualities-endowed,

Sudarsana

was.

sas
tad,
2V. sg.

bhii-patis

ekada
Ind.

kena-api
kim,
7. tg.

pa$hyamanam
path, Ac. sg. n. Pret. Ptc. Pat*.

m.

Ttp.

-ti, 2V. sg.

m. Ind.

That

earth-lord

one day

by somebody

being recited

61oka-dvayam
Ttp. -ya, Ac. sg.

susYava
iru. 8 tg. Per/.

Par.

a verse-couple

heard

aneka-sariiSaya-uchchhedi
Ttp. -din,
2V. sg.

n.

paroksha-arthasya Karm. -tha, G. sg.

of invisible-matter

dariakam
-ka, JV. sg. n.

Many-doubts-dispelling,

showing,

i:
sarvasya
-va,

it

v
is,

II

lochanam
-na, A*, sg.

Sastram
-tra, 2V. sg.

yasya
yad, G. tg.m.

na
Ind.

asti
as, 3 sg.

andhas
-dha,
sg.
2V.

eva
Ind.

sas.
tad, 2V.
iff.

(10)

G.

sg. n.

Pres. Par.

m.

m,

of everything

the eye,

learning

whose

not

blind

indeed

he.

yauyanam
-na, 2V. sg.

iti

a-karnya
karn with
a,

atmanas
-man, G.
sg.

putranam
-ra,

Ind.

Ger.

G. pi.

an-adhigata-gastrana'm Sahuv. -r&,G. pi. m.

nityam
-ya,,Ac.sg.n. Adv.

Thus having heard,

of himself

of the sons

who had not-read-books

constantly

unmarga-gaminam
Ttp.

sastra-ananushthanena
Ttp. -na, I. sg.

udvigna-manas
Sahuv. -nas, N^g.m.
afflicted-mind,

-min, G. pi. m.

tad,

wrong-ways-going

by the book-neglect with

raja N. -ian, sg. m. N.sg. that king

eas

chintayam-asa
Par.

chint, 3 sg. Perf.

was

reflecting

wflwr:
kas
kim,
sg.
ff.

arthas
-ih&,N.sg.

putrena
-ra,J. sg.

jatena
jan, I. sg.

yas
yad, N.
sg.

na
Ind.

vidvan
*\as,N^g,m.

na
Ind.

dharmikas
-ka,

m. past

N.

sg.

m.

m.

Ptc.Pass.

m.

What

use

by a son

born,

who

not

learned,

not

virtuous ?

kancna
-na, /. sg. n.

chakshushS,
-shus, J. sg.

kim
kim, N. sg. n.

vS,

chakshus-pida
Ttp. -da, N. sg.

eva
Ind.
-la,

kevalam.
Ac.
sg. n.

(12)

Ind.

Adv.

api
y /../.

cha,
Ind.

daue
In

tapasi

6aurye
-ya,Z.0.
in heroism

cha
Ind.

yasya
yad. O.
u//.m.

na
Ind.

pratbitam
prath, N.tg.n. past PtcJPass.

manas
-DM, 2V.
tg.n.

Also and,

liberality,

in penance,

and, whose

not

praued

H:
vidyayam
y&, L. tg.

\\

\\

[\

artba-labbe
Ttp. -bha, L. g.

cha
Ind.

matus
-tri,

ud-charas
-ra, 2V.
*flr.

eva
Jnd.
ted,

sas.

(16)

0. sg.

N.

9ff

in knowledge,

in wealth-acquisition

and,

a mother's

discharge

merely

he.

aparam
-r&,N.Sff. n.

cha,
Ind.

varam
-ra, 2V.

ekas
-ka, A'.

K u ?i
m.
-run,

p. n.

p.

N.

sg.

m.

-ra,

putras *na cha inurkha-4atais Njg. Ind. Ind. Ttp. -ta, /. pi.
son,

api
/IK/.

Aain

and,

Better

one

virtuous

not and

of fools-

even;

hundreds
n
tatnas
-mas, Ac. sg.

<sf?t

ekas
-ka,

chandras
m.
-ra, 2V. tg.

hanti
ban, 3
sg.

na
Ind.

cha
Ind.

tara-ganais
Ttp. -pa, I. pi.

ap.
Ind.

(17)

N.

sg.

Pret. Par.

the one

moon

darkness

dispels,

not

and

star-heaps

even.

punya-tirthe
Jfarw. -tha, L.
sg.

kritam
kri, 2V. *p. n. past. Ptc.

yena
Pass,
yad, I. sg. m.

tapas
-pas, 2V. sg.

kva-api
Ind. Ind.

ati-dus-karam Karm. -ra, 2V. sg. n.

very-difficult

At

a holy-bathing place

performed

by

whom

penance

where-ever

wr
\

vrf^r:
putras

tasya
tad, O. sg.

bhavet
bhA, 3. sg. Pot. Par.
will

vasyas
-ya, 2V. sg.

sam-riddhas
m.
-dhz,N.sg.m.

dharmikas
-ka, 2V. sg.

8ii-dliis.

(18)

m.

-ra, 2V. sg.

m.

>.-dM,

of him

a son

be

obedient,

prosperous,

righteous,

wise.

artha-agamas
2Yp.-ma.2V.sp.
-ya,

nityam
Acjg.njldo.

a-rogita.
-tA, 2V. sg.

cha

priyas

cha
and,

bbary&
a wife

priya-radin!

cha

Ind. -y&, N. sg. m. Ind. ~yt,N.*ff. Ttp.-ton.N.sgJ. Ind.

Wealth-affluence, constantly not-illness and,

a friend

kind-speaking and,

artha-kari cha putras cha vidyfi, sha^ jiva-lokasya sukhani raj an. (19) vasyas y*,N.sg.m. Ind. -n,2f.sg. Ttp.-njf.sg.f. Ind. -yt^N.tg. shash.TV. Ttp. -k, O. tg. -kha.2V.pt. -Jan, V. sg.

obedient

and a

son,

useful

and a

craft,

the six of man- kind pleasures,

king.

kas
kim,
2V. sg.

dhanyas
m.
-ya, 2V. sg.

bahubhis
-hu, /. pi.

putrais
-ra, /. pi.

m.

m.

kusula-upurann-adliakuii, Karm. -k, /. pi.

Who

wealthy

through

many

eons,

granary-filling-measures ?

fifrrr

11

varam
jn.,N.sg.n.

ekas
-ka, 2V. sg.

kula-alambi
m.
Ttp. -Un,
tf. sg.

yatra
Ind.
,

vi-firuyate
&r*v>ith\i,Z*g. Pret. Pass,
is

pitA.
-tri, 2V.

(20)

m.
in

*.

better

one

family-upholdin

whom

renowned

the father.

Ttp.

rina-karta -tri, N. sff. m.

-tri,

pita N. sg.

satrus
-ru,

mata
-tri,

cha
Ind.

vi-abhi-charini
-rin,

N. sg.

N.

sg.

N. sg.f.

debt- contractin

father

an enemy,

a mother

and

wanton,

bbarya
ya,
A', sg.

rupavati
-vat,

satrua
-ru, A", sg.

putras
-ra,

Satrus
-ru.

a-panditas.

(21)
?.

N. sg.f.

A7

sp.

A7

s^.

Karm.

-ta, AT. *#.

a wife

beautiful

an enemy,

an enemy

not-learned.

f^IT
an-abhyase Karm. -sa, L. sg.
vislfam
-slia, AT. sg.

vidya
-ya,

a-jirne

bbojanam
sg.

visliam
-aha,

N.

sg.

Karm.

-na,

L.

-na,

N.

sff.

N.

sg.

In want of practice

poison

knowledge,

in indigestion

food

poison,

ii

^^
-na,

H
vishnm.
-sha,

visham
-sha,

sabhsl
-bha, N. sg,

daridrasya
-ra,

vriddbasya
-dha, G. sg. m.

taruni
N. sg.f.

(22)

N.

iff.

O. sg. m.

7
.

<;.

poison

company

of the poor,

of an old

man

a young wife

poison.

yasya
yad, G. sg. m.

kasya
kim, G.
sg.

pra-sutas
m. su with pra, N. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.

api
Ind,
also,

gunavan
-vat, A sg.
7
",

pujyate
puj, 3 sg.Pres. Pass,
is

nara3
-ra,

m.

N. sg.

Of whom

soever

engendered

virtuous

honoured

a man,

dhanus
~nu,

variisa-vis'uddhas
Tip. -dha, N. sg.m.

api
Ind.
also,

nis-gunas
Bahuv.
-na,
A'',

kim
m,
kim, Ac.
sg. n.

N.

sg.

sg.

kri, 3 sg. Fut.

karisbyati. (23) Par,

will it

a bow

stem-faultless

stringless

what

do

ha
Ind.

h&
Ind.

putraka
-ka, F. sg.

na
Ind.

adhi-ita
i \ trtf A_adhi, adhi,

with

F. ^. m. past V. sg. TO. pawf

su-gata Karm. -ta, F.

etasu
flr.

ratrishu
-ri.

t.

etad, L. pl.f.

L. pi.
!

Ptc. Pass.

Ah,

ah,

boy,

not-learned,

pleasantly-faring

in these

nights

II

^8

II

tena
tad, J. #.
.

tvam
y ushmad, N. sg.

vidusham
-vas, G. pZ.
.

madhye
-ya, L. sg.

panke
-ka, X. sg.

gang
.

iva
Ind.

sidasi.

(24)

sad, Zsg.

therefore

thou

of the learned

in the midst,

in a

mire

cow-like,

thou

Pres. Par. sittest.

tad
Ind.

katham
Ind.

idaniin
Ind.

ete
etad, N. pi. m.

mama
asmad, G.
sg.

putrSs
-r&,N.pl.

gunavantaa
-vat,

kriyantam
kri, 3 pi.

N.

pi.

m.

Imp. Pass.
?

Then

how

now

these

of me

the sons

virtuous

shall

be made

ahara-nidra-bbaya-maithunam
Doandva.
-na, AT.
iff.

cha
Ind.

samanyam
-ya,

etad
etad,
A', sg. n.

pasubhis
-su, 7. pi.

naranam
-ra,

N.

sg.

G. pi.

Feeding-sleep-fear-love

and

common
perty

pro-

this

with animals

of men,

it

11

dharraas bi
.

teshum
-

adhikas

vi-seshiw

dliarniona

liinAs

puSubhis sanianis. (25)

.A'.p/.i/>.

Ind. i&d,G.pl.m.

ha,A'.p/.m. -$u,/.p/. ptut.Pt,: Pan.

Virtue for

of them

the ndili- special pro- of virtue

tional

deprived

perty

withanimala

equal.

yatas,
Ind.

dharniu-artlia-kama-moksbai.utin Dvandva. -sba, O. pi.

yasya
yad, G. fg. m.

ekas
-ka,

api
m.
Ind.

na
Ind.

vidyate
vid, 3
sr.

N.

tg.

Prm

Pott.

For,

Of virtue-wealth-desire-final
liberation

of whom

one

even

not

is

known,

aja-gala-stanasya iva
Ttp. -na, G. sg.

tasya
tad, O. *g.

janma
m.
-man, N.
sg.

nis-arthakain.
liafiuv. -ka, JV.
</.
.

(26)

Ind.

of the he-goat-throat-nipple like

of him

the birth

useless.

yad

cha

uchyate,

ay us

karma cha vittam

-ta,

clia

vidyil
-y&,N.Sff.

ni-dhanam eva
-na,

cha
Ind.

yad, A'. Ind. vach,39ff.Pres. -yus,lf.$g. -m&n.N.sg. Ind. Pass. sg. n.

N.g. Ind.
and,

r
.

gr.

Ind.

What and

is

said,

Life,

action

and, riches

knowledge,

death

even

and,

paficha
five

etani

api
also

srijyante
srij,3p<.Pre*.Po*r.

garbha-sthasya
Ttp. -gtha, G. sg.m.

eva
Ind.

dehinas.
-lrin,G.ty.m.

(27)

-chan, A". etad,J\T.p?.. Ind.

these

are produced

of the in the

womb-

even

being.

standing

kim-cha
Ind.

avasyiun-bhavinag
-vin, A*, pi.

bhavas
-va,

bhavanti
bhft, 3 pi. Pret.

mahat&m
Par.
-hat,
<?.

api
Ind.

m.

N.

pi.

pi.

m.

Moreover,

Necessarily-becoming

the conditions

are

of the great

even;

nagnatvam
-tva,

N. sg.

nila-kantliasya Bahuv. -Jha, G.sg. m.

maha-ahi-Sayunam
Ttp. -na, N. g.

hares.
-ri,

(28)

G. tg.

the nakedness

of the blue-necked,

the on the great-serpent-lying

of Hari.

api cha, Ind. Ind.

yad
yad.
.

a-bhavi
N.sg.n.

na
Ind.

tad
tad.A".
tff.n.

bhavi
-vin.

bhavi
-vin,

ched
Ind.

tad

A7 Karm.-vm,
not-to be,

M
;

anyatlia
Ind.

A7

sg.n.

tg.n.

sg.n.

Ind. tad, A'. tg.*.

Also and,

What

not

that

to be

to

be

if,

not

that

otherwise,

ftf
iii

chinta-visha-ghnas
Ttp. -ghna,
A', sg.

ayam
idnm.N.$g. m.
this

a-padas
da,A".*y.

kim
Ind.

na
Ind.

Ind.

m.

pa, 3 ty.
is

piytte? Pnt.

(29)
Part.

thus

reflection-poison-destroying

medicine

wiiy

not

drunk

etad
etad, 2f. sg. n.

karya-akshamanam
Tip. -ma, G. pi. m.

kesham-chid
kim, G. pi. m. Ind.

alasya-vachanam.
Tip. -na, N. ay. n.

This

of duty-incapable

of some

the laziness-speech

na
Ind.

daivam
fate

api

sam-chintya
chint with sam, Ger.

tyajet
tyi$,Zsff.Pot.Par.

ud-yogam
-ga,

atmanas
-man, G. sg.

-va^Ac.tg. Ind.

Ac. sg.

Not,

even

reflecting on,

one should give up

II II

the exertion

of one

self,

an-udyogena Karm. -ga, I. sg.

with no-exertion

tailani
-la,

tilebhyas
-la,

na
Ind.

dptum
ap, Inf.

arhati.

(30)

Ac. pi.
oil

Ab. pi.

arh, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

snsaraum

from sesamum seeds

not

obtain

one can.

anyad cha,
-ya, N. sg. n.

udyoginam
-gin,

Ind.

Ac. sg. m.

purusha-simham Karm. -ha, Ac. sg.

man-lion

upa-eti
i

'with upa, 3 sg. Pres.

Par.

lakshmls, -ml, N. sg.

Again and, The exerting himself

approaches

Fortune,

daivena
-va, I.sff.
*

deyam
d&,N.sg.n.Fut.Ptc.Pass.
it

hi
Ind.

ka-purusha's Karm.-^as^N.pl.

vadanti,
vad.Spl.Pres.Par.

by Fate

must be

given,'

thus

weak-men

say

daivam
-\A,Ac.sg.

ni-hatya han with ni, Ger.

kuru
liri,2sg.Imp.Par.

paurusham
-sha, Ac. sg.

Fate

down-striking

do

a man's work

1s(

?f<T

t<(f

*T

t^^ucf ^TT S^f

yadi
Ind.
if

^Tf
is

II

yatne
-na^L.sg.

krite

na
Ind.

sidhyati
aidh,Ssg.Pres.Par.

T^,L.sg.m.
past Ptc. Pass.

The

effort

having been made,

not

there

success,

yatha

mrid-pinda-tas
Ttp. -da, with Ab.
off.

kartfl.

kurute
k ri, 3 0. PrM. Alt*.

yad-yad
yad, ^lc. ?. *.

ichchhati
ih, 3
?.

l&a

-tri.ff. ig. at.

PrM. Par.

from a clay-lump

the worker

makes

for himself

whatever

he wishes,

evara
Ind.

atman-kritam
Ttp.
-ta,

karma
-m*.\\,Ac.sg.

uiiinavas
-\&,N.sg.

prati-padyate.
obtains.

(34)

Ac.

tg. n.

\>sAu>Uhyn\.\,Z*g. Prvt.Atm.

thus

the by himself-done

action

man

kaka-tuliya-vat
Ind.

pra-aptam
with pr, Ae. fff.m. post Ptc. Pots.
ftp

drishtva
dria,Oer.

ap
Ind,

ni-dhlm
-dhi, Ac. tg.

agra-tas
-ra

with Ab.

off.

taa

As-in (the story of) the

reached

having seen

a treasure

in front,

Crow-and the

Paluafruit,

na
Ind.

svayam
Ind.

daivam
-v*,N.sff.

a-datte
d6.with&,Zg. Pres.Atm. takes (it) up,

purusha-artham
Ttp.-\\\&,Ac.tg.

apa-ikshate.
iksh with a pa,

(35)

3 tg. Pret. Atm.

not

of itself

fate

man's-exertion

it

expects.

ud-yamena
-ma,
/. tg.

hi
Ind.

karyanl sidbyanti sidh,3pJ.Pr.Par. -ya.JV.pi.

succeed
works,

na
Ind.

manas-rathaia
Ttp. -ih^I.pl.

Through exertion

indeed

not

through wishes,

f%
na
Ind.

hi
Ind.

suptasya
svap, O. tg. m.patt. Ptc. Pats.

siiiihasya -lia, G. tg.

pra-visiinti
vis

mukhe
-kha, i.
fr.

with pra, 3 pi. Pret. Par.

-ga,

mrigas. N. pi.

(36)

not

indeed

of the sleeping

lion

enter

into the

mouth

the deer.

matri-pitri-krita-abhyasas liahuv. -sa, N. sg. m.

gunitam
-ta,

eti
i,Ztg. Pret.

balakas
Par.
-liA.If.iy.

Ac. tg.

By

mother-and father-made-to study

to the state of a

comes

a child,

virtuous

man

na
Ind.

garbha-chyuti-matrena
Ttp.
-ra, I. sg.

putras
a son

bhavati

ponditas.
-\A,N.sg.m.

(37)

-n,N.tg. Vbfi,*tg. Pret. Par.

not

by

birth- alone

becomes

learned.

siitrus
.

pita
-tfi,

vairi

yena

balas

na
Ind.

pa^hitas
path. A'. 49. m. pott Ptc. Pott. Ca*t. made to study,

tg.

-ru,N.tg.

N.tg.
hostile,

The mother an enemy,

the father

by whom

a boy

not

na
Ind.

fiobhate
gubh.3 tg. Pres. Aim.

sabha-madhye
Ttp. -ya, L. tg.

haifasa-madhye
Ttp. -ya, L. tg.

rakas
-ka, A'.

yatlia.

(38)

Ind.
like.

not

does he shine

in

an assembly-mtdst, in the flamingo-midst a crane

rupa-yauvana-sampannas
Ttp, -na, N. pi. m.
(rt.

pad with sam, past Ptc. Pass.)

visala-kula-sambhavils Eahuv. -ya, 2V. pi. m.

Beauty-youth-endowed

of noble-race-sprung,

vidya-hinas
Ttp. -na,
2V. pi.

na
ha)

sobhante
iiuVh y 3pl.

nis-gandhas
Eahuv.-dl\&,N.pl.m.

iva
Ind.

kimsukas.
-ka, 2V. pi.

(39)

m.

(rt.

Ind.

Pres.Atm.

knowlede-destitute ones

not

shine,

scent-less

like kirns uka flowers.

sfq
murkhas
-Ui&,N.sff.m.

api
Ind.

s"obbate
subh, 3 sg. Pres. Atm.

tavat
-v&t,Ac.sg.n.Ado.

sabhayam
-})\i&,L.sg.

vastra-veshtitas
Ttp.-ta.,N,sff.m.(rt.ves\\t).

A fool

also

shines

so long

in an assembly

garment-dressed,

II

II

tavat
-vat, Ac.sg.n.

cha
Ind.

4obhate
subh. 3, s^.

murkhas
-kha, TV. sg. m.

yavat
-v&t,Ac.
.n.

kim

chid
Ind.

na
not

bh&shate. (40)
,,3

kim,Ac.sg.n.

Ind. bhash,

sg.

Adv.

So long

Pres.Atm. and shines

a fool

Adv. as lon as

Pres.Atm.

anything

he says.

etad
etad, Ac. sg. n.

chintayitvfi, chiiit, Ger.

sas

raja
2V.

pandita-sabham
Ttp. -bha, Ac. sg.

karitavan.
kri, 2V.flf. m.

tad, 2V. sg. m. -jan,

sg.m.

post Ptc. Par. Caiis.

This

having thought

that

King

a wise

men-

caused to be made.

assembly

raja
-jan,

uvacha
said
:

bho
Ind.

bhos
Ind.

panditas,
-ta,,V.pl.m.

^ruyatam
sru, 3 sg.

asti
as,

N.sg.

\&ch,3sg.Perf.Par.

Imp. Pass.

3 sg. Pres. Par.

The King

ye

wise,

be

it

heard ;

Is there

kas-chid
kim,
2V. sg.m.,

evam-bhutas
Ind.

vidvan

Karm.-ia,,N.sff.m. -vzs,N.sg.m.

yas y&d,N.sg.m.

mama
asmad, G.sg.

putranam
-rz,G.pl.

nityam
Ind.

anyone

such a

sage,

who

of

me

of the sons constantly

unmarga-gaminam
Ttp. -min, G. pi. m.

an-adhigata-sastranam
Hahuv.
-ra,

idS,nira

niti-sastra-upadesena punar-janma
Ttp.
-sa, I. sg.

G. pi. m.

Ind.

Karm. -man, Ac. sg.

again-birth

wrong-ways-going,

who have

not-read- books,

now

by behaviour-bookinstruction

karayitum
"kri,Inf.Caits.

sam-arthas?
-tha, 2V. sg.m.

to effect

(is)

capable

yatas, Ind.

kachas
-cba,2V. sg.

kaiichana-samsargat
Tip.
-ga,

dhatte
dha, 3
sg.

marakatim
-ta.,Ac.sg.f.

dyutim
-i\,Ac.sg.

Ah. sg.

Pres. Atm.

For,

Glass

from gold-proximity

accepts

emerald

splendour

11

tatha
Ind.

sat-sannidlianena
Tip. -ua.
/. tff.

inurklias
-kha, JV.
</.

yati
y&, 3 sg. Prei. Par.

pravinatam.
-Uk.Ac.sg.

(41)

m.

thus

through the good- vicinity

afoul

goes

to cleverness.

f%
uktam
Said
cha,

hiyate
ha, 3 sg. Pres. Puss.

hi
Iitd.

matis
-ti,

tata
-ta,

hinais
\ib, I. pi.

saha
Jnd.

sam-a-gamat
-ma, Ah. g.

vach, N. sg. n. Iiul. past Ptc. Pass.

N.sg.

V.sg.

m. past Ptc. Pass.

Prop.

and, It

is lowtruly the intelliered gence,

my

dear,

low persona

witU

through
intercourse,

samais
m&,
I.pl.

cha
Ind.

samatum
it^Ac.sg.
i,

eti
3 sg. Pres. Par.
it

vi-siuh^als
-i&,I.pl.tn.

cha
Jnd.

visirihtalum.
-it^Ac.sg.

(42)

m.

with equals

and

to equality

goes,

with distinguished

and

to distinction.

atra
Ind.

an tare
-r*,L.g.

vishnuarman-nama
ahuv.-mtm, ft.sp.m.

maha-panditas
Karm.-i^N.sg.m.

sakala-niti-sastra-tattva-jiias

There

meanwhile Vishnuarman-named a great-scholar

Ttp.-ya^N.sg.m. of all-behaviour- books-the

essence- know ing

brihas-patis
Ttp.-i\,N.sg.

iva

abravit:

deva,
-va, V.sg.

maha-kula-sambhutas
Tlp.-t&,N.pl.m.

etc
etad.JV.p2.rn.

rajan-putras
Tip. -n, ff.pl.

Ind. brti.Ssg.Impf.Par.
like

Brihaspati

spoke

Sire,

from a great-familysprung

these

king's-sons

tad
Ind.

inav'i

iiitiia

asmad,

7. sg.

-t\,Ac.sg.

grab, Inf.

grahayitum Cam.
to accept

akyante.
sak, 3plJ>res. Pass.

therefore

by me

behaviour

they can be made.

yataa, Ind.

na
Ind.

ni-hita a-dravye Karm. -ya, L.sg. Ab6.withni,N.sgS.

past Ptc. Pass.

ka-chid
kim.JV. Ind.
sg.f.

kriya
-yti.N.sg.

phalavati
-v,t,2f.sg.f.

bhavet
bhA, 3 sg. Pot. Par.

For,

Not on aworthlessobject

bestowed

any

labour

fruitful

can be,

na
Ind.

vyapara-satena
Ttp.
-ta, /. sg.

api
Ind.

6uka-vat
Ind.
pafch,

pat'iyate
3 sy. Prestos*. Caus.
is

vakas
-ka,

(43)

AT

tg.

not

by a hundred of exertions

even parrot-like

made

to talk

a crane.

anyad

cha,

asinin

tu

nis-gunam
void-of virtue

gotre

na

apatyam
-ya,

upa-jayate
jan

-ya, JV. sg. n. Ind.

idam, L. sg. n. Ind. Bahvv. -na, Njsg.n. -r. L. sg. Ind.

N.

sg.

wiM up^ S. sg. Pnt.

is

Again

and,

In

this

but

family

not offspring

born,

II

88

II

a-kare
ra,

padma-raganam
Bahuv.
-pa,
(?. p.'.

janma
-roan,

kacha-mancs
Karm.
-ni, G'. sg.

kutas.
Ind.

(44)

L. sg.

N.

sg.

In a mine

of rubies

the production 2

of crystal

whence?

atas
Ind.

ah am

shash-masa-

tava
yushmad, G. sg.

putrdn
-ra,

niti-sastra-abhijnan
Ttp. -jSa, Ac. pi. m.

karishyami.
kri, 1 sg. Put. Par.

abhyantare
asmad, N. sg. Tip.
-ra,,

L. sg.

Ac. pi.

Therefore

in a six-monthsinterval

of thee

the sons

behaviour-book-

will

make.

knowing

-jan,

raja N. sg.

sa-vinayam
Avyay.

The king

tad
Ind.

etesh&m
etad, Q. pi. m.

asmat-putranam
Tip.
-ra,

O. pi.

niti-lastra-upade^aya Tip. -Sa, D. tg.

for the behaviour-

bhavantas
-vat.

pra-manam.
-na, tf. tg.

N. pi. m.

Therefore

of these

of us-the SODS

jou

the authority.

book-instruction

Itl

iiktvii

tasya
tad, O. tg.

vislmu-sarmanas
m.
-man, O. tg.

bahuumna-purahsaram
Ind.

putran
-ra, Ac.

Ind.

vach, Gtr.

pi

Thus

having said
I

of that

Vishnusarman

by respect preceded

the sous

sam-arpitavan.
rl,

with sam, N. sg. m.

past. Ptc. Par. Cans.

he made over.

II

MITRA-LABHAS.
Ttp. -bh*,N.sff.

FRIEND-ACQUISITION.

a-sadhanas
Bahuv.
-na, JV. pi.

vitta-hinas
m.
Ttp.-ixa,,N.pl.m.(rt.\\&).

buddhimantas
-mat,,

suhrittamas
su-hrid, JV. pi. m. Superl.

N. pi. m.

Having no-means,

of wealth-destitute,

the wise,

(if)

very friendly,

sadhayanti
3ad)i, 3 pi.

karyani
.,

kaka-kurma-mriga-akhu-vat.
Dvandva, with
off. vat,

(1)

Pres. Ac. sg. Par. Caus.

Adv.

-ya,

Ac. pi.

Ind.

accomplish

quickly

purposes

like-the crow-the tortoise-the deer-the mouse.

rajan-putras Ttp. -ra, N. pi.

(ichus

katham
Ind.

etad

vishnu-sarma
.man, N.
sg.

kathayati
relates
:

vach, 3 pi. Perf. Par.

etad, N. sg. n.

kath, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

The

princes

said:

'How

that?'

Vishnusarman

asti
as, 3 sg.

godavari-tire
Ttp.
-ra,

viSalas

Pres. Par.
is

L. sg.

There

on the Godavari-bank

15

kritantam
-ta,

iva
Ind. like

dvitiyam
.

a-yantam
yl with
Ac. sg. m. Ptf. Pros. Par.
a.

vyadham
-dha, Ac. sg.

apafiyat.
drii, 3 tg. Imjtf.

tarn

Ac. tg.

w.

Ud,

Ac. tg. m.

Death

a second,

approaching

a hunter

Par. saw.

Him

ava-lokya
lok with ava, Ger.

achintayat
chint, 3 sg. Itnftf.

adya
Ind.
:

pratar
Ind.

eva
I ml.

amslita-darlan&m
Ttp. -na.
ff. *u.

Par.

having seen

he reflected

To day

early

indeed

of unwished-the sight

*
;

j;it

am
n.

na
Ind.

jane

kirn
Ac. tg. n.

an-abhimatam
Karm.
(rt.
-ta,

darsayishyati
drii, 3
ii.

Jan,

past Ptc. Pass.

A', srf.
;

a,l. Pret.Atm.
do I know,

man

Ac. sg. n. with at>hi)

sff.

Put..

I'fir.

Cuut.

produced

not

what

disagreeable

it

will

show.

iti

uktva
vach, Ger.

tad-anusarana-kramena
Ttp.-msk, I. sg.

Ind.

-la, A', sg.

vy'ikulas m.

chalitas.
chal,

N.sg.m. past Ptc. Past,

Thus

having said

by way-of following-bim

perplexed

he moved about.

yatas, Ind.

soka-sthana-sahasriini
Ttp.
-ra,

bhaya-sthana-Satani
Ttp. -i&,y. pi.

cha
Ind,

N. pi.

For,

Of sorrow-occasions-thousands,

of fear-occasions-hundreds

and

f^?$
divase
-sa,

f^W
-sa,

divase
L. sg.

mudham
ruuh, Ac. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.
vis,

a-visanti

panditam.
Ind.
-ta,

(2)

L. sg.

with a, 3 pi. Pres. Par.

Ac. sg. m.

by day

by day

the fool

approach,

not

the wise.

any ad
-ya

cha,
Ind.

vishayinam
-yin,
;

id a in

avasvam
Ind.
kri,

kartavyam.
N.
sg. n. Ptc.

sg. n.

G. pi. m.

idam, N. sg. n.
this

FtU.Pan.

Again

and

Of men

of the world

surely

to be done.

ud-sthaya
Btha with ud, Ger.

ud-sthaya
st ha,

boddbavyam
budh,
it is
.\.

iiKili.it
-t.

bhayam
-ya, A', sg.

upa-sthitam,
7 stha, with upa. A , sg. n. past Ptf. Pass.

with ud, Ger.

sg. n.

N.

sg. n.

Ptc.Fut. Pass.

Having

risen,

having risen,

to be thought,

great

danger

impending,

marana-vyadhi-aokanam
J> r find ni. -ka,

kim
kirn,

adya
Ind.

ni-patishyati ?
pat, with ni, 3 sg. Put.
ii.

(3)
Par.

G. pi.

N.

sg. n.

of death-sit-kness-sorrow

which

to-day

will fall

down ?

atha
Ind.

tena
tad, I. sg. m.

vyadhena
-dha, 7. sg.

tandula-kanln
Ttp. -pa, Ac. pi.
kji,

vi-kirya
with
vi,

jalam
-1m, JV. st.

Gr.

Then

by that

hunter

rice-grains

having scattered,

a net

vi-stirnam
stri,

sas
n.
tad, JV. sg

with vi,

JV. sg.

'past Ptc. Pass.

was spread ;

he

aham ekada dakshina-aranye

uinad,
A'. *jr-

chnran
char, N. tg tn. Prw. Pte. Par.

apa.syatn,

eka*
eka,
jr.

Ind.

Karm.

-ya, L. tg.

dr,
/wfl/".

1 tg.

AT.

vriddha-vyaghras Karm. -ra, A'.

,

Par.

w.

once

in the south-

roaming

saw,

An

JKJ*< Pte.

Pott.

old-tiger

bathed

ern-wood

kuSa-hastas
linhuv.
-ta,

saras-tire

brute
says':

bho
Ind.

bhos
/<f.

N.

tg.

m.

Ttp. -ra,

A tg.

pantha,
-tha, V.tff.

idam
idara, JV.

'.Pret.Atm.

v.

with kusa grassin his

on a lake-bank

Ho,

ho,

wanderer,

this

hand

<mt
!

suvarna-kankanam
Ttp. -na,

grihyatam
grah, 3 .1/7. 7;/i/). Past.

tatas
/n</.

loblia-akrislitena
ZYp.-^a I.sg.m.
(rV.kri'sh tei</t a)

kena-chid panthena
kim, Ind.
7. *y. in.

Ar

tg.

-tha, 7.

0.

gold-bracelet

may be

taken

Then

by a

desire- attracted

some

wanderer

S-luchitam

bhagyena
-ya, /.
:

ctnti etad,

sam-bliavati

kira-tu
Ind. Ind.

asm in
idam, L.

fitman-sandehe
Ttp. -ha, L. tg.

loch with a, JV. s^. 7*. JXMi PAS. P<U.

it

55-.

N.

bhd with sam,

3 tg. Pro*. Par.

sg. n.

wad considered

luckily

thia

happens

but

.*"*
in this
life-risk

pra-rrittis
\A,N.sg.

na
Lid.

vi-dheya;

dbawMvi,

N. sg.f. Ptc. Put. Pott.

enaement

not

to be

made

sft
yatas,
Ind.

nn-isbtat
Ab.

ishta-1

bhe

api
Ind.

na
Ind.

gatis
-ti,

jayate
jau, 3 jta. fret. Aim.
is

ubha,
-bha,A
tg.f.
r
.

Karm. -fa
tg. (rt. ish).

Ttp. -bba, L. tg.

If. tg.

For,

From an
unpleasan tone

on pleasurereception

even

not

a result

produced

prosperous,

Jfan
yatra
Ind.

II

aste
as,
3, tg.

visha-samsargas
Ttp. -ga, A^ tg.

where

there lies

poison-mixture,

18

<IT*W
tad
tad, Ac. sg. n.

ni-rupayami
rftp

with

ni, 1 sg.

Pres. Par.

That

I investigate

tiitrti

purvas
-va. A'. g.

chalur-vargas
m.
I)ri0n. -g, \.*0. m.

dambha-arthaiu
I ud.
(-tha,

api
Ind.
ev, 3
Lt

Ind.

Ac.u.)

*evyate ; v- PTM. POM.

There

the former

four-collection

for simulation's sake

also

attended to;

||
uttarad
-n, If. sg. m,

tu
Itul.

cliatur-vargaa bvigu. -n, N.*ff.

four-collection

inali;'i-:ttm;mi

eva
Ind.

lisl-fliuti

(8)

liahuv. -iran, L. tffM.

ill

*y.Pre*.Par.

the latter

but

the great-minded,

onlj

stands.

mama
asiiiiid,

cha
Ind.

etfivan
-vat, ty.

loblia-virahas
Tt'p.
-lia. ff.

yena
yad,/.v.'/. w.

sva-hasta-stham
2Vj>. -stha,

api
Ind.

suvarna-kankanam
Ttp.-n*,Ac.tg.

O. sg.

N. m.

g.

Je. sg.n.

Ado.

Of me and

such

desire-freedom

tliat

in the

own-hand-

even

the gold-bracelet

standing

yusmai kasmai-chid
yail,

datum
da,

iehcliharai.

tatlia

api
Ind.

vyaghms
~r*,N.tg.

nii'mushara
-slia,

khadati
khAd.S.

D. sg m.

kim.D.
tg.

Ind.

Iof.

M\,lty.
Prea. Pur.

Ind.

Ac.

tff.

m,

Par.

to

any-body

to give

I wish.

So

even, 'the tiger

the

man

devours,'

iit

loku-pravfwtas
Tip. -da, N;*g,
-ra, JV.
s<7.

Ind.

w.

thus

the world-report

diflicuit-to

be overcome.

yata,
Ind.

gata-anngatikas
Eahue.
-ka, ^V. sg.

lokas
-ka,

kuttniiin
-nl,

upa-desinim
-sin,

m.

Njg.

Ac. sg.

Ac. sg.f.

For,

The

predecessor-following

world

bawd

as instructress

II

*-

II

pramiiuayati
praminaya, 3*^. Pros. Par.

nas
asnuul.

dharme
-lua.
/...vi/.

yatha

go-ghnam
Ttfi.-na...1c.ty.m.

api
Ind.

dvi-jam. (9)
-\*,Ac.*g.m.

holds up as a model

to us

in virtue,

a cow-killing

aUo a twice-born.

maya
asmad,
/. ty.

cha
Ind.

dharma-sastrani
Tip.
-ra,

adhi-itani.
i

$r!nu
fini, 2. iff.

N. pi.

with tdhi,

.V. pi.

n. patl Ptc. Pott.

It*p.

Par.

Byrne

and

of religion-tbe books

read.

Listen;

niaru-stlialyam
Tip.
-11,

yatha
Ind.

vrishtis
-\\,N.tg.

kshudha-arte
Ttp.
-ta,

bhojanam
-na, JV. tg.

L. so.

L. tg. m.

tatha, Ind.

In a desert-place

rain,

in the hunger-pained

food

thus,

dnridre
-r, L.sg.in.
tla,

diyate
^a- /'j'w. Pott.
is

danuiu
-na, -V. tg.

sa-phalam
Buhuc. -U,
A'.

*j

pfuulu-uandana. (10) Ttp. -n, V. tff.

Unto

a poor

given

a gift

fruitful,

Pandu-son.

01

T?Tirr
pranas
pa,
2V. 3>Z.

*raT<?pTt snter
yatha
2nd,

atmanas

abhi-ishtas

bhutanam
-ta,

-man, G. sg. ish with abhi, 2V. pi. m. past Ptc. Pass.

G.pl.n.

api Ind.
also

te
tad, 2V. pi. m.
it

tatha
2nd.

Life

of oneself

dear,

of living beings

thus,

atman-aupamyena
Ttp. -ya,
/. sg.

bbuteshu
-ta,

dayam
-ya, Ace. sg.

kurvanti
kri, 3 pi. Pres. Par.

L. pi. n.

-dhu,

sadhavas. (11) 2V, pi. m.

the good.

Through self-comparison

unto living beings

sympathy

bestow

aparam
ra, 2V. sg.
.

cha,
Ind.

prati-a-khyane
-n^L.sff.

cha
Ind.

dane
-n&,L.sg.

cha
Ind.

sukha-duhkhe
Doandva. -kha, L. sg.

priya-apriye Dvandva. -ya, L. sg.

Another

and,

In refusin

and, iu granting and,

in pleasingin pleasure(and) pain, (and) displeasing,

atman-aupamyena
Ttp. -ya, I. sg.

through self-comparison

anyad

22

svu-'uhuvas

eva

Kami,

-va, JV.

*<7.

the inborn-disposition

^rtf?ret
dasan-suta-kara-dlmri
Tip.
-rin, A", sg.

jyotisbain
-tin,

madhya-diari
Tip.
-rin, Jf.sg.ni.

w.

O. pi.

ten-hundred-rjys-bcaring

of the lights

in the

midst-wandering

vidbus
-dim,
2V.flr.

ap

//.

vidhi-yogA.t Ttp.'f&Al.sff.

grasyate fn,Zsg.Pres.Pass.
is

rahuna
-hu, 7.*?.

asan

aUw, A'.ay.m.

tbe

moon even

through fate-conjuncture

devoured

by Rahu

be;

likhitam
likh, Ac.
.iff. 11.

api
past Ind.

lalate
-t*,

pra-ujjhitum
njjh with pra,
Iitf.

kas
kiun,

sam-nrthas? (20)
-tha,

L. sg.

N.sg.n.

A ?..
7
.

Ptc. Past.

what

is

written even

on the forehead

to-escape

wlio

able?

iti

chintayan
ohint,

eva
Iiul.

asau
&ds, N.sff.m.

vyagbrena vi-a-paditas
-ra,7. sp.

khdditas
k had,
A'.

cha.

atas
Ind.

Ind.

m. Plc.Pres.Par.
AT. sg.

pailtt'tf/tviam/a, T

sg.m. Ind. sg. m. past Ptc. past Ptc.Pass. Pass. Cans.

killed,

Tbu?

reflecting

even

he

by tbe

tiger

eaten

and.

Therefore

nhani
asmail,

bravimi: kankanasya tu loUterai

-na, G. sg.

iti-adi.

atas

savvatba
Ind.

A', sg. brft, 1 sy.

Ind.

-blia, 7. sg.

Ind.

a-vicharitam Karm. -\, Jf.sg. n.

(rt.

Pres.Par.

char

icitk vi)

I
.1

say:
*

'of gold

but through
desire,

Therefiire

anyhow

an inconsiderate

karma
T

na
kri,

kartavyam.
K.sg.n. Ptc. Put. Pass. to be done.

-man,A .jr. Ind.

act

yatas, Ind.

not

For,

su-jirnam Karm. -pa,

Jf.sg. n.

am
-na, A", sg.

gu-vichakshanis
'

sutas
-ta, A', sg.

su-sasitu

stri

nri-patis
2'<p.-ti, A'.

nu-sevitas

A'arwj.-na,
Jf.sg. m.'

Karm.-\&, N.sgf.

Karm.

-ta,

Well-digested food,

a well-discerning

son,

a well-governed wife,

prince

N.sg.m. well-served,

su-cbintya
cliint, 1/'<VA
u,

cha
Ind.

uktam
vach,A .#.</past Plc.Pass.
r

Ger.

kritam su-vich;lrya yad char with vi, yad, AT. kri,. Qtr.Cuus. sg. n. pott Ptc
well-having considered

su-dirgha-kale

Karm. -la,
in

L. sg.

api Ind.

na
Ind.

Well-having
reflected

and

spoken,

what

done,

very-long-time even

not

yati
ya, 3. sg. Pres.

vi-kriyam.
Par.
-yft,

(2\)

Ac. sg.

goes

to change.

v:
Aryay.

\
fik*:

etad vachanaui
ctad.
-na, Ac.sg.

^rutva
sru, Grr.

k.is

A'.

chid knpotas sa-darpam

Ind.
-ta,A sy.
.

uh

kim cvam uchyater

If.

klm,

H,S *f, Ind.

In-l.

\te\i,3sff.
it

This

s[cecli having heard

sonic

pigeon

haughtily

Hil:

Ila,

what tbu

said?

vriddhanam vachanam
(lh&,G.pl.m.
-na,,N.sg.

grahyatn
yrzfo.,N.sg.n.Ptc.Fut.Pass.

apad-kale
Tip.
-la,

Li
Ind.

upa-sthite,
st,h&wilhupa,,L.sg.m. post Ptc. Pass.

L. sg.

Of the

old

the

word

to

be accepted

misfortune-time

for

having approached,

II

^
na
Ind.

tt

sarvatra
Ind.

eva
Ind.

vi-charena
-ra, /. sy.

bhojane
-na, L. sg.

vfit

(22) pra-vartate. with pra, 3 sg. Pits. Mm.

everywhere

indeed

with reflecting

in eating

not

one engages.

yatas, Ind.

sankabhis

sarvam

a-krantam
past Ptc. Pass. assailed,

annam
food,

panam cha
Ind.

bbu-tale,
Ttp.-la.yL.sff.

For,

By

apprehensions

everything

drink

and, on the earthsurface,

pra-vrittis
-tti, 2V. sy.

kutra
Ind.

kartavy
Ptc. 'Fut.'pass.

jivitavyam
jiv,

katham
Ind.

nu
Ind.

va?
Lid.

(23)

N.

sff.

n.

Ptc. Fut. Pass.

occupation

where

to be made,

to

be lived

how

or?

-yin.

irshyi N.sg.m.

tu
-yin, N.sgr.m.

a-santushtas
Karttt.-i^N.sg.m. (rt. tush with sam)

krodhanas
-la^N.sg.m.

Ind.

Karm. 4a, N.

nitya-sankitas sg. m.

The envious,

the censorious but,

the dis-satisfied, the passionate,

the constantly-suspicious,

11

^
m.

para-bhagya-upajivi
Tip. -Tin, N. sg. m.

cha
and,

shat
JV,

ete
etad, N.pl.

duhkha-bhagmaa.
Tip. -gin, N. pi. m.

(24)

Ind. shash,

the on another's-property-living

six

these

misery-sharing.

etad
etad, Ac. sg. n.

Srutv4
gru, Ger.

sarve -va, N. pi. m.

all

kapotas
-ta,

tatra
Ind.
vi$,

N. pi.

upa-vishtas. with upa, N. pi. m. past Plc.Pass.

alighted.

This

havin

heard

the pigeons

there

su-mahanti yatas, Ind. Karm. -hat, Ac.pl. n,

For,

api
Ind.

sastrani
-ra,

dharayantas
dhri,

bahu-srutas
(j-^.sru)

Ac.pl.

N.pl.m.Ptc.Pres.Par.Caus. Bahuv.-t&,N.pl.in.

Very-great

even

sciences

possessing,

having learned-much,

chhettaras
tri,

sam-sayanam
-ya, G. pi.

cha
Ind.
klis,

klisyante
3 pi. Pres. Atm. Tip.

lobha-mohitas.
-ta,

N.

pi.

m.

N. pi. m.

(rt.

(25) muh)

dispellers

of doubts

and,

are pained

by desire-infatuated.

anyad
-ya,

cha,
n.

lobhat
-bha, Ab. sg.

krodhas
-dha, N. sy.

pra-bhavati
bhtl with pra, Zsg. Pres. Par.

lobhat
-bha, Ab. sg.

kamas
-ma, N. sg.

N. sg.

Ind.

Again

and,

From

desire

passion

springs,

from desire

lust

pra-jayate, jan with pra. S so. Pres. Atm. is born.

25

*ITW
lobhat
\t\\ti,

mohas
-\Ok,N.sg.

cha,
Ind.

n;'iM;ig

cha;
Ind.

lobhas
-bha,
A". *?.

papasya
-p\,G.tg.n.

karanam.
-n*. A", tg.

(26)

Ab.sg.

-Sa, JV. sg.

from desire

infatuation

and,

destruction

and

desire

of evil

the cause.

Nf SJ

anyad cha, a-sambhavara hema-mrigasya janma,

-ya,A .
gg.n.
r

tatha
Jwi.

api
Irtd.

C ramas

lulubhe

JT/w/.

Bahuv.-\n,N.
sg.n.

Again and,

Impossible

-m*,N.g. luhh,3fr. -ga.D.tff. Per/. Aim. the gold-deer's birth, yet thus even Rama had a de- for the deer ; aire
Ttp.-f^, Q.tff.

-man, N.sg.

prayas
Ind.

samApanna-vipatti-kale
Ttp.
*]*,

dhiyas
dhi, A', pi.

api
Ind.

puriisam
purfjs,

malinas
-na,y.pl.f.

bhavanti. (27)
bhft, 3 pi.

L. sg.

(rt.

pm\ with

s&m-d.)

G.pl.

Fret. Par.

often

at the approached- misfor-

the minds

even

of men

obscured

become.

tune's-time

an-antaram
Ind.

snrve
l.m.
all

jalena
-la,/.*?.

baddhils

babhuvus.

tatas

yasya
yad, G. tg.
.

vachanat
-na,^6.v-

\)&\M\,N.pl.m. bhn.spl. past Ptc. Pats. Perf.Par.

/d.

Immediately

by

the net

caught

were.

Then

whose

through
speech

UK
tatra
Ind.
us ava-lambitds b wUh ava, N. p
past. Ptc. Past.

4s

there

descended,

anyad
-ya, 2V.
tig.

n.

cha, Ind.

pas
tad, TV.
sf>.

bandhus
-dhu, N. sg.

yas
yad, N. sg. m.

vi-pannanam
pad with vi, G.pl. m.past Ptc.Pass. of the afflicted

apad-uddharana-kshamas,
Ttp. -ma,
2V. sg.

m.
lift-

m.

Again

and,

He

a friend

who

out of misfortune-to
able,

na
Ind.

tu
Ind.

bhita-paritrana-vastu-upalauibha-panditas. Ttp, -ta, N. sg. m.

(30)

Not

but

the danger-deliverance-means-reproaching-clever.

vipad-kale

vi-smayas
-ya, 2V. sg.

eva kapurusha-lakslianam.
Ind. Ttp. -na, N. sg.

tad
Ind.

atra
Ind.

dhairyam
-ya, Ac. sg.

Kp.

-la,

L. sg.

At misfortune-time

amazement just

a weak-man's-

Therefore

here

firmness

mark.

ava-lambya
lamb with
ava, Ger.

prati-karas -ra, N. sg.

chintyatam.
(hint, 3 sg.

Imp. Pass.
of.

embracing

a-remedy

let

be thought

yatas, Ind.

vi-padi
-pad, L. sg.

dhairyam,
-ya,

atha
Ind.

abhi-ud-aye
-ya,

kshama,
-ma, N. sg.

N.

sg.

L. sg.

For,

In misfortune

firmness,

further

in prosperity

moderation,

sadasi
-das,

vach-patuta,
Ttp.
-ta, 2V. iff.

yudhi
-Ah, L. sg.

vi-kramas,
-ma,
2V. sg.

L.

tff.

in

an assetnbly

word-cleverness,

in battle

heroism,

27

any ad
-y*,\.sg.H.

cha,
Ind.

shat

doalias
-lia,A'.pl.

purushena
-Bha,/.0r.

iha
Jnd.

hatavy&
l,ti.pl.m.Ptc.

bhutim
-ti.Ac.fg.

ichchhata,
ih.
T.

fg.m.

Fut.Pau.
here to be avoided,

Again

and,

Six

faults

by a

man

PU.Prtf.Par. wishing, prosperity

II

II

nidra
rA, A". sg.

taiulni
-rA, If. sg.

bbayam
-ya,

krodbas
dha, N. eg.

alasyam
-ya, 2V. sg.

dirgha-sutrata.
-ti. A', sg.

(33)

N. sg.

Sleep,

sloth,

fear,

anger,

laziness,

procrastination.

idumiu
Ind.

api
I*d.

evain
Iiul.

kriyatam;
kri,3tr./mp. Pass.
'

survais
-va,/.p/.
.

ekachitti-bhuya
ekachittl-bhO, Ger.

jalam
-It,

a-daya
ditri^Aa, Ger.

u<l-diyalain.
41 wi//i nd,
g.
:;

Ac.

*ff.

Imp. Pans.

At present

also

thus

maybe
acted;

by

all

of one-mindbeing,

theuet

having
taken,

up-iuay be
flown.

r
alpanam
-pa,

yatas, Ind.

ap
Ind.

vastiinam
-tu.G.pl.

sara-hatis
-ii.ff.ig.

karya-sadhika,
Ttp. -dbaka, N.
tff.f.

O.pl.n.

For,

Of small

even

things

a combination

aim-accomplishing,

trinais
-na,/.ju2.m.orn.

gunatvam
-tva,

Ac.

s-j.

m.WH. past 1'te. Pott.

having attained,

a-pannais pad with a, /. pi.

badhyante
Pass.

matta-dantinas.

(34)

bandh.3p/.Pre. Earm. -tin, 2f.pl.

(rt.tatA).

with grass blades, a rope's state

arc

bound

furious-elephants.

saui-hatis
-ti, A', gff.

sreyast
prasasya.
.V.

puriisam
Oompar.
puiiis,

sva-kulais

alpakais
pi.

api,

sj.f.

G.pl.

Karm.

-la, /.

-ka, /. pi. n.

Ind.

Combination

better

of

men

with their- families

small

even,

n tusbena
-sha, /. sg.

<^

n
tandulas.
-la,

api
Ind.
tyaj

pari-tyaktaa

na
Ind.

u-ith pari, N. pi. m.

deserted

pra-rohanti ruh with m*, 3 pi.

Pres. Par.

(35)

7
,

pi.

past Pic. 2'ass.

by the husk

merely

not

grow- up

rice-grains.

d
itt

vi-chintya
chint with
vi,

pakshinas
-shin.
tit.

sarve

jalam
the net

&-daya
da with
Ger.
a,

ud-patit&u
pott Ptc. Past.

Ind.

Ger.

A'.

-\*,N.pl.m. -l&,Ac.*ff.
all

m.

Thus

having considered,

the birds

having taken,

flown-up.

an-antaram
Ind.

sas
tad,
sg.
A*,

vyadbas
-dim,
A',
.sv/.

su-dur.1t
Ind.

j:\hi-apabarakan Ttp. -ka, Ac. pi. m.

tan
l*il,Ac. pi. M.

ava-lokya
Ioki0'/Aiiva.

m.

Qer.

Thereupon

that

hunter

from very -far

net-carrying off

them

having seen,

pachat
Ind.

dluivan

achintayat

after

runnin

thought

E2

*sS
sam-hatas
ban with sam, JV. pi. m.
past Ptc. Pass.

tu
Ind.

haranti
hn,3j>Z. Pres. '

etc
etad.JV.

mama
of

jalam
the net

viham-gamfo,
-ma^N.pl.

aamad, G.sg. -l&.Ac.sg.

Par.

pl.m.

Combined

indeed

take away

these

me

the birds,

yada" Ind.
if

tu

ni-patishyanti

vasam
-s&,Ac.g.
into the

eshyanli
i,3pl.Fut.i\.Par.

me
asmad, G. sg.

tada.
Ind.

(36)

Ind. p&twith\ri,$pl.Fut.ii.Par.

but

down-they

shall fall,

power

they will go

of

me

then.

tatas
Ind.

teshu
tad, L. pl.m.

chakshus-vishaya-atikranteshu
Tip.
-ta,

pakshishu
-shin, L. pi.

sas
t&d t N.sg.m.

vyadhas
-dha,
A". sg.

L. pi. m.

(rt.

kratn with ati)

m.

Then

those

the sight-confines-having passed

birds,

that

hunter

ni-vrittas.
vrit

iltllll

wilh ni, JV. sg. m. past

Ptc. Pass.

returned.

sarvada
Intl.

apaya-sankaya
Ttp. -ka,
/. sg.

ata-dvaram
Bahuv.
-ra,

vi-varam
-ra,

kritva
kri, Ger.

m-vasati.
va with
3tf. J'rr*.
ni, ^'ui

Ac.sg. n.

Ac. sg.

always

through danger-dread

a hundred-doored

hole

having made

dwells.

tatas
Ind.

hiranyakas
-ka,

kapota-avapata-bhayat
Ttp. -ya, Ab. sg.

chakitas
-ta,

tusbnim
Ind.

sthitas.
Btlia,

N.

sg.

N.

sg.

m.

Then

Hiranyaka

from the pigeon-descent-fear

timid

N. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass. stood. silently

chitra-gi ivas
Jiahuv. -va,

uvacha

sakhe
Va\,V.sg.

hiranyaka,
-ka, V.sg.

kim
Ind.

asman
asmad,
Ae.pl.

na
Ind.

snm-bhasha.se P

vach. 3 sg.
:

N.sg.

Chitragriva

Perf.Par. said Friend

Hiranyaka,

why

us

not

dost thou greet ?

tatas

hirnnyakas
-ka,

tad-vachanam
Ttp. -na, Ac. sg.

prati-abhi-juaya
jna with prat i-ablii, Ger.

Ba-sambhramam
Avyay.
hastily

In d.

N. sg.

Then

Hiranyaka

of him-the voice

having recognised

valiis

Ind.

sri

nis-sritya with nis, Gcr.

abravit:
brft.Ssfl'.

ah
Ind.

punyavan
-vat,

asmi,
as, 1 sg.

priya-suhrid

me
asmad, G.sg.

N.

sg.

m.

Karm.

-d,

N.

sg.

out

slipping

Impf. Par. said

:

Pres. Par.

Ob,

happy

I am,

the dear-friend

of

me

chitra-grivas
JKahuv. -va, N. sy.
yd, tcith

sam-a-yatas. sam and a, 2f. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.

arrived.

Chitragriva

yasya
yad, G. sg. m.

mitrena
-ra, /. sg.

sam-bhasba
-sha, A', sg.

yasya
yad, G. sg.m.

mitrena
-ra, /. sg.

sara-stlutis
-ti,

N.

sg.

Whose

with a friend

greeting,

whose

with a friend

staying,

yasya
y&(l,G.sg.m.

mitrena
-n,I.sg.

sam-lapas
'psk,tf.sg.

tatas

na
I>uJ.

asti

iha
Ind.

punyavan.
-vat, ff. sg.

(38)

i&dwith
Abl.aff.isa.

s&,$sg.Pre*.

m.

whose

with a friend

chatting,

than he

not

Par. is there

here

a happier one.

pfisa-baddliiin Ttp.-dhz,Ac.pl.m. (r^.bandh).

cha
Ind.

etan
ettdi.Ac.pl.iH.

drishtva
dri,Ocr.

sa-vismayas
ahuv.-y\y.tff.m.

ksbanam
-n*,Ac.sg.Ad

Net-confined

and

them

having seen

with-amazement

moment

fif^fTrTs
sthitva

uvacha:
v&c\\,Ssg. Perf. Par.

sakhe
-kbi.V.sg.

kim
}t'ua,N.Sff.n.

etad?
etad,A*.*^..

cbitra-privas
Saftuv. -vm,
Jf. sg.

avadat:
rs*l.Zsp.

stM.Ger.

having stood

he said

Friend,

what

this ?

Chitragriva

Impf. Par. said :

sakhe
-khi, V. sg.

asmakam
asiuad, G. pi.

praktana-jannian-karmanas
Ttp. -man, G. sg.

pbalam
-la,

etad.
ctad, N. sg. n.

N.

sg.

Friend,

of us

of a former-birth's-action

the fruit

this.

yasnsat
yad, Ab. sg. n.

cha
Ind.

yena
yad, I. sg. n.

cha
Ind.

yathfi,

cha
Ind.

yada
Ind.

cha
Ind.

yad
yad, N. sg. n.

Ind.

Wherefore

and,

by what

and,

how

and,
C

when

and,

as

what

M^gr
&i,Ac. tg.

pas'chat Ind.

chhetsyasi.
chhid, -itg.Fvt.
ii. Par. thou wilt cut.

hiranyakas
-ka. If. tg.

api
Ind. also

aha:
ah, 3 *g.

nhain
axtnad,

Bahuv.

alp.vtaktia, -t i, N. tg. m.

the fetter

afterwards

tliranyaka

Per/. Par. said :

N.tg. 1 of little-strenglb.

danfiis
-ta, A", pi.

cha
Ind.

me
asm ad, G.sg.

komalas,
-la,

tad
Ind.

etesham
etad. G. pi. m.

pa.4an
sa,

chhcttum
chhid. Inf.

N.

pi.

m.

Ac. pi.

the teeth

and

of

me

delicate,

therefore

of these

the fetters

to cut

katham
Ind.

samarthas?
-tlia,

tad
Ind.

yavat
Lul. as long as

me
asinad, Q. tg.

dantas
-ta, .V. pi.

trutyanli,
trut, 3 pi. Pres. Par.

\. 57. m.

how

able ?

Therefore

of

me

the teeth

not

break,

tavat
Iwl.

tava
yushmad, G.
gg.

pasam
-Sa,

chhinadmi;
chhid, 1 ay. Pres. Par.

tad-anantaram
I*d*
thereafter
ctad, G. pi.

ap
m.
Ind.
also

Ac

sg.

so long

of thee

the fetter

I cut

of these

bandlianam
-na, Ac. sg.

yavat-s\ikyam
Avyay. as far as-possible

chhetsyami.
chhid, 1 sg. Fat.
ii.

chfctra-grivas
Ecdiuv. - va,
A", tg.

uvacba
vach, 3
j/.

Par.

P/. Par.
:

the bonds

I shall out.

Chitragriva

said

nstu
as, 3
fff.

ev.im,
Ind.
SO,

tatha
Ind.

api
Ind.

Imp. Par.
it

yathii-sakti Avyuy.

etesham
etad, G. pi. m.

bandhanam
-na, Ac. tg.

Be

thus

even

according to-strength

of these

the bonds

khandaya.
khand,
'2.

hiranyakena
Par.
-ka,7. sy.

uktawc
vach, A', tg. n.-pf&tPtc. Pass.

a4fl-parityjig?na
Ttp.-g*I.tff.

yad
y*A,
tf. Sff.

sg. Imp.

n.

divide.

By

Iliranyaka

said

by

self-sacrifice

what

A-sritaiulin
<ri

with A, G. pi. m. past Pfc. J'ass.

pari-rakshnnam -na, N. t&

preservation,

tad
tad, tf. tg. n.

na
Ind.

niti-vedinam
Ttp. -din, G. pi. m.

sam-maitaK man v>i

n.

past Pte. Pat*.

of.

of dependants

that

not

of the policy-knowing

approved

*
I

yatns, Ind.

apad-arthe
Ttp. -tha, L.
tg.

dhannm
na, Ac. sg.

rakshet,
"

rakshet
-ra,

dhanais
-na, /. pi.

raksli,

sg.

Ac. pi.

api, Ind.

Adv.
riches

Pot. Par.

For,

For mufortune'ssake

one should'
save,

the wife

through the even*

riches

II

8\

II

attnfinnm
-man, Ac.*g.

satatam
Ac.sg.n.Adv.

rakshet
raksh, 3 tg. Pot. Par.

d:lrais

api
Ind.

dhnnais
-no, 7. pi.

api.
Jfef.

(40

-n^T.pl.

oneself

constantly

one should save

through the
wife

even,

through the
riches

anyad
-ya, 2V. s#.

cha, Ind.

dharma-artha-kama-mokshanam
Hvandva.
-sha, G. pi.

pranas
-r&,N.pl.
life

samsthiti-hetavas, Ttp. 4u, 2V. pi.

Again

and,

Of virtue-wealth-desire-final
fir

liberation

the existence-cause,

\\

8^
T.

11

tan
tad, Ac. pi. m.

ni-hnata"
han
icithni, I.sg.m.

kirn
khn.ZV.
sg. n.

na
Ind.

hatam,
han, 2V. #. . past Plc.Pass.

rakshata
raksh,
sg.tn.

kim na rakshitara?(42)
id.

Pres. Ptc. Par.

Pres.Ptc.Par.

Ind. raksh, past Ptc. Pass.

that

by one destroying

what

not

destroyed,

by one saving what not

saved

chitra-grivas Bahuv.-\*,N.sg.

uvaclia:
v&ch,3sg.Perf.Par.
said
:

sakhe
-khi, F. sg.

nitis
-ti,N.sg.

tdvat
Ind.

idrisi

-6,N.sg.f.

eva, Ind.
just,

kim-tu
Ind. Ind.

Chitrariva

Friend,

policy

certainly

such

but

aham
aaraad, A', sg.

asmad-asritancam
Ttp.'la,,G.pl.m.(rt.6riwith&)

duhkham
-kha, Ac. sg.

sodhum
sah, Inf.

sarvatha
Ind.

a-samarthas;
Karm.-iha,,N.sg.m.

of my-dependants

the affliction

to

bear

wholly

un-able

tena
tad, I. sg. n.

idam
Adv.
idam, Ac.
this
sg. n.

bravimi.
brd, 1 sg. Pres. Par.

therefore

I say.

yatas
Ind.

dhan&ni
-na, Ac. pi.

jlvitam
-ta,

cha
Ind-

eva
Ind.

para-arthe
Ttp. -tha, L. sg. Adv.

prajnas
-fta, 2V. sg.

Ac. sg.
life

m.

srij,

ivithnA, Ssg. Pot. Par.

;

For,

Kiches,

and

even,

foranother's-sake

the wise

should give-up

*fafo%
sat-nimitte
Ttp.
-tta,

*nc

wnrr f^fTO PreS *ft

varam
tyagas,
-ga, 2V. sg.

8^

n
sati.
as, L. sg.

vi-nS,se
-Sa,

ni-yate

(43)
m.

L. sg.

-ra, 2V. sg.

Adv.

L. sg.

yam with

ni, L.sg.

m. past Ptc. Pass.

Ptc.Pres.Par.

for good's sake

preferable

the sacrifice,

destruction

destined

being.

ayanl
idam,
2V. sg.

aparas
m.
-ra, 2V. sg,

cha
m.
Ind,

a-sadhS,ranas

hetus
m.
-tu,

Bahuv.

-na, 2V. sg,

N.sg.

This

another

and

un-paralleled

argument:

jati-dravya-gunanatn
Dvandva.
-na, O. pi.

cha
Ind.

sftmyam
-ya,

eshdm
etad, G. pi. m.

mayft
asmad,
/. sg.

saha,
Ind.

Ar

sg. n.

of kind-substance-quality

and

equality

of these

me
n
tad

with,

88

mad-prabhutva-phalam
Ttp. -1, Ac.sg. (e/.asraad)

bruhi
brfl,

kadd
Ind.

kim
kim,2V.^..

bhavishyati?

(44)

Isg.

tad, N.sg. n.

hhft.,3sff.Fut.ii.Par.

Imp. Par. of nie-the superiority-fruit, say,

when

what

that

will

be ?

\*>>*s

anyad
-ya, wV. tg. n.

cha,
Ind.

vinft

vurtanam cva
urn,

ete
Dtad,

na

tyajanti
tyaj, 3. pi.

mama
aurtiad,

antikam,

Ind.

Ac. 0.

Ind.

Again

and,

Without

wages

even,

N. Ind. pi. m. these not

PrM.Par.

O.tg.

abandon

of

me

the proximity,

ii

n
.

tad
Ind,

pnina-vyayena
asm ad, <!!. of me
Tip. -ya, I. tg.

api
Ind.

jivaya
ilv,

etan
etad,

mama
asroad.

Ztg.Imp.
.

therefore

with the

life-loss

even

Par. Cans. Ac.pl.m. cause to live these

.. O.sg. of me

a-sritun. (43) MwithL.Ac.pl.

m. pott Pte. Pats. the dependants.

kim-cha,
Ind. Ind.

mamsa-mutra-purisha-asthi-nirmite
Ttp.
-ta,

asniin

kalevare
Ta, L.tg.

L.

sg. n. (rt.

ma with nis)

idam, L. tg. n.
this

Moreover,

On

the flesh-urine-excrement-bone-composed

body

vi-na^vare

vi-haya ha with vi, Oer.

a-sth&m
-stha, Ac. sg.

yasas
-Sas,

pulaya
pa.. '

mitra
-ra, V. tg.

me. (46)
'

Ac. sg.

Pa Par'Caus.

2 sg. Imp.

the perishable

having given up consideration,

the fame

preserve,

O friend,

G. sg.

of me.

aparam
-T*,Ac.
sff.n.

cha
Ind.

pasya,
driS, Zsff.

yadi
Ind.

nityam
-ya,^.*^, n.

a-nityena Karm. -ya, J,

tff.n.

nis-raalam
Bahuv.
-la,

mala-vahina
Ttp. -\&n,I.sg.n.

Another

and

JmpJPar. behold,

N.sg.n.

If

the eternal

through the
non-eternal,

the stain-less

through the stainbringing,

II

8^>

II

yasas

kayena
y^I.sff.

labhyeta,
labb, S B.

tad
tad.JV.
Sff.n.

na
not

labdham
obtained

bhavet

nu
Ind.

klm ? (47)
Ind.

PotJPatt.

Ind. labh, 2V. so. n. bhft, 3jw. past Ptc.Pas. Pot. Par.

fame

through the body

might be
obtained,

that

should be

well

why ?

yatas, Ind.

arirasya
-r*,G.sg.

gunanam
-na.,G.pl.

cha
Ind.

duram
~n, N.sg.n.

ati-antam

antaram,
difference,

For,

Of the body

of virtues

and,

a wide

exceeding

eariram
-ra,

kshaija-vidhvamsi,
Ttp. in a
-siu,

kalpa-anta-sthayinas
Ttp. -yin.
JV~.

gunas.
virtues.

(48)

N.

ff.

N.

sg. n.

pi.

m.

the body

moment-falling asunder,

to a kalpa's-end-lasting

iti

a-karnya
karp with

hiranyakas
\t^N.sg.

prahrishfa-manas
Eahvv.
-lias. A",

Ind.

Qr.

a,

sg.m.

-ta,

pulakitas N.tg.n.
thrilled

tan
as. A', tg.

abravtt
m.
brfi, S*y.

Thus

having heard

Hiranyaka

of delighted -mind

PlcJ>re*J'ar. Imp/.p.ir. said : being

sadhu,
n.

mitra,
-rt^V.tg.

sadhu
-dhuJV".*?. n. Adv.

anena
Idam, I. sg.
n.

asVita-vatsalyena
Ttp. -ya, /. tg.

trailokyasya

api

Adv.
friend,

Nobly,

nobly ;

through

this

towards the dependantatenderness

of the three worlds

even

34

prabhutvam
-tva,

N.

ay.

tvayi yashmad, Lag,

in thee

yujyate.
yiij,

evam
2nd.

uktva
vach, Ger.

tena
ta&,I.sg.m.

sarvesham
-va.

3 sg.Pres. Pass.

G. pi. m,
all

the sovereignty

is

proper.

Thus

having spoken

by him

of

bandhanani
-na,

chhinnani.

tatas
Ind.

hiranyakas

sarvan
-ve^Ac.pl.m. all

sa-adaram
Avyay.

sara-puya
pftj

N.pl. chMd, N.pl.n.past Ptc.Pass. the bonds cut.

-^N.sg.
>

with sam,
Ger.

'

Then

Hiranyaka

respectfully having saluted

ah,3^r. Perf.Par. said :

*f?r
sakhe
chitra-griva,

sarvatha
Ind.

atra
Ind.

jala-bandhana-vidhau
Ttp.-dbi,L.Sff.

sati

dosham
-sh.a.,Ac.sg.

as,L.sg.m.Ptc. Pres. Par.

Friend

Chitragriva,

wholly

here

the net-confinement-destiny

being,

a fault

a-^ankya
Sank with
a,

atmani
-m&n,L.sff.

ava-jn^
-jii&,N.sg.

na
Ind.
Tuei,N.sg.f.Ptc.Fut.Pass.

Ger.

suspecting,

of one's self

disdain

not

to be

made.

yas
Ind.

adhikat

yojana-gatat

pa^yati
dri6,3sp.

iha
Ind.

amisham
the prey,

kha-gas

yad,N.sff.m.

Pres. Par.

For,

Who

from a great yojana-hundred

espies

here

a bird

11

8t-

11

sas
.tad.JV.

eva
Ind.

prapta-kalas
Bahwv.-\tk,N.8g.m.

tu
Ind.

ptisa-bandham
Ttp.-dha,,Ac.sg.

na
Ind.

pa^yati. (49)
drift, 3s/?.

he

even having reached-the time

on the other hand the snare-knot

not

PresJ?or. sees.

aparam
ra.,N.fg.n.

cha,
Ind.

sasin-divakarayos Dvandva. -ra, G. du.

graha-pidanam,
Ttf>. -na,

Ac.

sg.

Another

and,

Of moon-(and)-sun

through eclipse-the

distress,

gaja-bhujangamayos
Dvandva. -ma, G. du, of elephant-(and)-serpent

api
Ind,

bandhanam,
-na, Ac, sg.

also

the binding,

matimatam
-m9.i t G.pl.m.

cha
Ind.

vi-lokya
lok with
vi,

daridratdm,
-i&,Ac.sg,

Ger.

of the wise

and

having perceived

the indigence,

n
vidhis
-dhi, 2V. sg,

11

aho
Ind.

balavan
-vat, 2V. sg.

iti

me
asmad, G. sg.

matis.
-i\,N.sg.

(50)

m.

Ind.

'destiny,

Oh,

powerful,'

thus

of

me

the thought,

Jft
vyoman-ekanta-viharinas
Ttp. -rin, ff.pl. m.

anyad
-ya, A". sg.n.

cha,
Ind.

api
Ind.

vihagas
-ga, A", pi.

sam-pra-apnuvanti a-pa<lam,
Ap, vrith

aam

awrf pra,

-pad, Ac. tg.

8 pi. Pret.Par.

Again

and,

In the air-exclusively-roaming

even

birds

meet

misfortune,

badhyante
bandit, 3 pi. Pres.Pass.

-na, /. pi.

nipunais m.

agadha-salilat
Jiahuv.
-la, Alt. tg.

matsy&s
m.
-ya, A".pJ.

samudrut
-ra,

api;
Ind.

^6.

*jr.

captured are

by

artful

men

out of the deep-water

containing

fishes

ocean

even

firf*r?rf% ftr
dus-nitam Aarm. -ta,
N^g.n.

kim
kim, N.
sg.n.

iha
Ind.

asti,
as, 3s//-

kirn kim,
JV.

su-charitam? Karm. -t*,N.tg.n.

kas
kim,
A".

sth&na-labhe
Ttp. -bha, L. sg.

gunas?
merit ?

Pres.Par.

sg.n.

ta.n.

Badly-conducted

what

here

is,

what well-performed?

what

in positioh-

obtainment

kalas
la,

hi
Ind.

1 ,

tg.

vyasana-prasarita-karas ahuv. -r&, N. sg. m.

grihnati
grab, 3 sg. Pres.Par.

durat
-r&,Ab.sg.n.

api. Ind.

(51)

-srff
Aha
:

f^rwi?
aho
/wd.

sf%

idam
idam, Ac.
sg.n. this

hiranyaka
-ka, V.sff.

slaghyas
slagh, 2V.

asi
as, 2 sg.

atas
Ind.

aham
asmad,
2V. sg.

ah, 3e-.

Perf. Par.

m. Pto, Put. Pans.

S0-.

Pres.

Par.

said:

Oh

Hiranyaka,

to be praised

tbou art;
^

hence

'*^

api
Ind.

tvay&
yushmad,
I.
Sff.

saha
Ind.

maitrim
--ri,Ac.sg.

ichchhami
Par.

atas
Ind.

m&m
asmad,
Ac. sg.

maitryena
-ya.,I.sg.

anu-grahitum
gr&hwith&nu,
Inf.

isb, 1 sg. Pres.

also

thee

with

friendship

wish;

therefore

me

with friendship

to favour

arhasL
arh,2*<7.

etad

srutva
sru, Ger.

hiranyakas

api
Ind.
also

vivara-abhyantarat
Tip.
-ra,

aha
ah, 3

Pres Par. etad,Ac.sg.n.

Ab. sg.

sg'.
:

deign.

This

having heard

Hiranyaka

from the hole's-inside

said

Sf
kas
kim, 2V. Sff. m.

tvam?
yushmad, 2V. sg.
tad, 2V. sg.

brute:
m.
brft,

3 sg. Pres,

aghupataii aka-n am& Bohwv. -man, N. sg. m.

vayasas
-sa, 2V.

aham.
asmad,
2V. sg.

#.

Atm.

Who

thou?

He

says

Laghupatanaka-named

a crow

I.

Inft
hiranyakas
-ka,

vi-t

aha:
ah, 3 sg. Perf. Par.

tvaya
im, N.sg.f.

saha
Ind.

maitri?
-rl, 2V. sg.

N.

sg.

has with vi Ger.

yushmad,

/. sg.

Hiranyaka,

laughing,

What

thee

with

friendship ?

yatas, yad Ind. yad,2V.

sg. n.

yena
yad,I.sg.n.
_

yujyate
yuj.Ssy.Pres. Pass. _
is fitting

loke
'\&,L.sg.

budhas

tad
sg. n.

tena
tad, /.
^r.
.

yojayet;
yuj, 3 sg, Pot.

-dha,2V. sg.m. tad.^tc.

Par. Cans.

For,

What

with what

in the world, a wise

man

that

with that

should unite;

II

*J
pritis
-ti, 2V. Sff.

aham
asmad,
2V. sg.

annam
-na, 2V. sg.

bhavan
-vat, 2V. sg.

bhokta

katham
m.
;

bhavishyati?
bhft, 3 sg. Fut.

m.

-tri, 2V. sg.

Ind.

(53) u.Par.

the food,

you

the eater

how

love

will

be

aparam
-ra, 2V. sg. n.

cha, Ind.

bhakshya-bhakahakayos
Dvandva.
-ka,
ff.

pritis
-ti, 2V.

vi-pattes
-tti,

eva
Ind.

karanam ;
-na, 2V. sg.

du. m.

sg.

G. sg.

Another

and,

Of the

food- (and)- the feeder

love,

of misfortune

alone

the cause

s^lV
srigalat -la, Ab. sg.
Ttp. -dha,
2V. sg.

wr:
asau
adas, 2V. sg.m.

pasa-baddhas
m.

mrigas
-ga, 2V. sg.

rakshitas. (54)
-ka, I. sg.

r&kshj?.sg.m.past Ptc. Pass.

through a jackal

snare-bound

that

deer

by the crow

saved.

vayasas
-sa, 2V. sg.

abravit

katham
Ind.

etad ?
etad, 2V. sg. n.

hiranyakas
-ka,,N.sg.

kathayati :
kath,3s^.Pres,

ast
as, 3 sg.

magadha-dese
Karm. -sa, L. sg.
in the
is

bru, 3 sg.

Pres.

Impf. Par.

Par.

Par.
:

The crow

said

How

that ?

Hiranyaka

relates

There

Magadha-

country

37

ll1H,HHl*n
champakavati
-K.A'.sg.

nama
-ma.u,Ac.sg. Adv.

arauyani

tasyam
l*A,L.*g.f.
;

clurat
-n,Ali.sg.n.Ado.

niahata
-hat, I.tg.m.

snehena
-ha,/.*?.

-u\,N.sg.

Champakavati

by name
:
i

a large wood

therein

since long

with great affection

^ ^ ft: c
sas
tad, N. sg.

luriga-kakau
.

ni-vasataa.
van with ni, 3 du. -Pre*. Par.

cba
m.
ltd.

mrigas
-ga, AT. tg.

sva-iclichhaya

bLrAmyan
bhnun. A'. *(7-*
Ptc. Pret.

-ka, A', du.

Karm.

-chA, /. *p.

a deer- (and) a crow

dwell.

That

and

deer

at his-pleasure

Par roaming

chid lirislita-pusbta-angas kena Bah**, -ga, N. sg. m. kim, /. sj/.m. Ind.

-

6rigulena
-la, /.
r.

ava-lokitas.
lok
trt//i

tain
tad, Xc.
sg.

drishtvu
dris, Oer.

Irigalaa
-la,

ava,^.^.

r
.

*y.

m.
frisky- fat-limbed

po/ Pic. Past.

m.

by some

jackal

(was) espied,

lliui

having seen the jackal

^rr:
achintayat:
Par.

f..

ah.

katham
Ind.

etad-maiiisam
Ttp.-s&,Ac.sg.

su-lalitam

bhakshayami
Par.

bhavatu,
Jmp. Par.

Ind.

Karm. -ta, Ac.

sg.n.

bliaksh, \sg.Pret. bh$,S xg.

thought:

Ah,

how

of him- the meat

the very-delicate

I eat?

Beit,

vi-vasam tavat
-a&,Ac.sg.

ud-p&day&mi.
pad with ud, 1 sg. Pres. Par. Cam.

iti

&-lochya
loch with &, Oer.

upa-sritya
sritci^Aupa,

abravit:
brft,

Ind.
first

Ind.

3 sg. Itnpf.

Oer.

Par.

confidence

1 produce.
i

Thus

having thought

having approached

he said

?r
init

ra

kusalam
-l-A,A'.sg.n.

te.

mrigena
-g&,Lsg.

uktam
\0fi\\,

kas
'k\n\,N.srj.m.

tvam
thou

sat
tad, A'. tg.vt.

-r.i.V.sg.

yushmad,
D.sg.

N.sg.n.past

Ptc.

PaS.
:

Friend,

hail

to thee.

By

the deer

said

Who

yuslimad, N.sg.
?

He

biutc

kshudrabuddhi-nama
ahuv.-M&n,N.sg.m.

jambukas ahaiu
-lt&,N.g.

atra
Ind.

araaye
-y*,L.sg.

bandhu-hinas
Ttp.
-iia,

brti,Ssg.

Pres. Aim,

asmad, N. sg.

N.sg.m. (hi)

says:

Kshudrabuddhi-named

a jackal

I;

here

in the

wood

relation-deprived

Jft
nirita-vat
Ind.

ni-vasami

idanim
Ind.

tvam
yushmad,
Ac. sg.

mitram
-n,Ac.
sg.

\tawithni, I sg. Pres. Par.

a-sildya sad with a, Oer. Caus.

punar
Ind.

ra-bandhus

Bahw.

-dim,

ff. tg.

m.

dead-like

I dwell

now

thee

a friend

having found again

relation-possessed

jiva-lokam
Ttp. -ka, Ac. tg.

pra-vish^as
vi with pra, N. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.

asmi;
,lsg. Pres. Par.

adhuna
Ind.

tava
yushmad,
O. sg.

anu-charena
-n, I.sg.m.

may&
asmad,
I.

Ind.

into of the living- the world

entered

am

now

of thee

the attendant

by me

wholly

bhavitavyam.
bh6, Njg.n.Ptc. Put. Pass. to be.

mrigena
-g&,I.sg.

uktam
said

evaia
Ind,

astu.
a,S*g.

tatas
Ind.

pnschnt
Ind.

astatn-gate

,.
m. past Ptc. Pass.

Ptc. Pass.

Imp.Par.

By

the deer

Thus

it

be.

There-after,

haviug goue-home

38

savitari
-tji,

bhagavati
-vat, L.sg.

marichi-malini
Bahuv. -\m,L.sg.m. the ray-garlanded,

tau
N. du. m. those two
tad,

mrigasya
-g&,G.sg.

vasa-bhumim
Tip. -mi, Ac. sg.

gatau.
ga,na, ff.

L.

sg.

m.

dw.

past Ptc. Past

the sun,

the venerable,

of the deer

to the dwell-

proceeded

ing-place

***{<&
tatra
Ind.

champaka-vriksha-sakhayam
Ttp.-\Ja&,L.sg.

subuddhi-nama
Bahuv. -man, N. sg. m.

kakas
-k&,N.sg.

mrigasya
-ga,,G.sg.

chira-mitrair

Karm.

-ra,

N. sg

There

on a Champaka- tree-branch

Subuddhi- named

a crow,

of the deer

an old-friend.

ni-vasati.
vas with m, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

tau
tad, Ac. du.

drishtva
m.
dris,

kakas
-ka,

avadat
vad, 3 sg.

sakhe
-khi, V. sg.

Ger.

N. sg.

chitra-anga, Bahuv. -ga, F. sg.

kas
kim, N. sg. m

dwells.

Those two

having seen the crow

Impf. Par. said :

Friend

Chitranga,

who

ayam
idam, N. sg. m.
this

dvitiyas?

mrigas

brute:
brft,

jambukas
-k^tf.sg.

ayam
idam, N. sg.m.
this

asmad-sakhyam
Ttp. -ya, Ac. sg.
ish,

ichchhan
N.
sg.

-ya^N.sff.m. -ga,N.8ff.

Sag.

m. Ptc

Pres.Atm.

Pres. Par.

second?

The deer

says:

A jackal

of us-the friendship

wishing

a-gatas.

kakas
m.
-k*,N.sg.

brute
brft,

mitra
-ra,V.sg.

a-kasmat
Ind. (kim)

a-gantuna
-tu, I.sg.

saha
Ind.

maitri
-ri,N.sg.

gam with&,

N.sff.

Zsg.
:

past Ptc. Pass.

Pres. Atm.

approached.

The crow

says

Friend,

from no-where

a comer

with, friendship

na
Ind.

yukta;
yuj,

tatha
Ind.

cha
Ind.

uktam:
vach, N. sg. n. past Ptc. Pass.

N. sg.f. past
;

Ptc. Pass.

not

proper

thus

and

said

a-jiiata-kula-silasya

vasas

deyas
to be given

na
not

kasya-chid,
\a.m > G^g.m.tnd.

Bahwo.-\&,G.sg.m.

-s&.N.sg. da, N.sg.m. Ptc.Fut Pass. Ind.

Of one

of unknown-family-(and)character residence

of any one;

f%
marjarasya
-ra,,G.Sff.

hi
Ind.

doshena
-sha,,I.sg.

hatas
Taan,N.sg.m.post Ptc. Pass,
slain

gridbras
-r*.,N.sg.

jaradgavas. (55)
-\&,N.sg.

of a cat

for

through the offence

the vulture Jaradgava.

tau
tad,

ahatus
say:

katham
Ind.

etad ?
etad,

kakas
-ka, 2V. sg.

kathayati.
kath, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

N. du. m.

ah, 3 du. Perf. Par.

N.

sg. n.

They both

How

that?

The crow

relates:

as, 3 sg.

Pres. Par.
is

Ttp.

-ra,

L. sg.

There

on the Gangesbank,

Bahwv. -man, L. sg. m. upon a Gridhra-

-ta,

L. sg.

-hat,

N. sg. m.

Karm.

-ksha, N. sg.

mountain

a large

fi-tree.

kuta-named

39

tad, O.

-ra,

L. sg.

Ttp. -ka, Ab.sg.

llahur. -na, N.

llahuv. -man^y.

-ra,

N. sg.

sg.m. sg.m

sg.m.

sg.m.

va wi th prmti Ssg. Pres. Par

Of

it

Snthehollow through fate's- having lost-clawshard doom (and) eyes

Jaradgava-

a vulture

dwells.

named

Ind.

-pa,/.*0.

Ttp. -na, D. sg.

Ttp,-ym,N.pl.m.

-kshin,

Karm. -ra, Ab. sg.

Now

N.pl. m.

kim-chid, Ac. sg. n. Yiriwith ud, Ger.

through of hira-for the

pity

on

that- tree-

birds

from

their

own-

little

little

support

roosting

food

having taken

rttnJy
da, 3plJ*fes.Par. tad./^.w. adas,
r JV

^..

jiv,3gg.Pret.Par. Ind.
lives.

Ind

Bahvv. -man, Njg.m.

give.

By

that

he

Now

one day

Dirghakarna-

a cat

named

Ttp. -ka, Ac. pi. m.

bhaksh, Inf.

Ind.

gam with

of the birds- the young ones

to eat

there

&, N. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass. arrived.

Ind.

tad, Ac. sg.

m.

Then

him

yd,

with &. Ac. sg.m. Ptc. Pres. Par.

dris,

Ger.

Ttp.-laL,I.pl.m.

T/p.-la, I.pl.n.

-l*,N.sg.

kri, N. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.

approaching

having seen of the birds-by fear-stricken, clamour

the

made.

young ones,

tad, Ac.
sg. n.

8n;, Ger.

-v*,I.sg.

v*ch,N.sg.n. kim, 2f. past Ptc. Pass. sg. m.

said:

sg. m.

y&v>ith&.,3sg. Pres. Par.

J3ahuv.-n&,N.sg.

That having heard by Jaradgava

Who

this

approaches?

Dirghakarna,

-ra,

Ac. sg.

lok with ava, Ger.

Avyay.

ah, 3 sg. Perf. Par.

Ind.

the vulture having perceived,

with fear

said:

Ob,

ban, N. sg. m. as, 1 sg. Pres. Par. past PtcJ'as*. lost lam.

Ind.

-v*t,Ac.sg.n.

-yz,G.sg.

bhl,

N. sg. n.

-vat, Ac. sg.

Adv.

-y&,N.sg.n.

Karm.-t*,N.sg.9.
(rt.

Adv.

Ptc. Put. Pass.

gam with

a)

Since,

So long

of danger

one must be
afraid,

as

danger

not-approached,

n
Par.
Ind.
-t,JV. tg.n.

gam with

a,

Ac. sg. n.

Ind.

-y&,Ac.sg.

past Ptc. Pass.

Iksh with Ger. .

vi,

-ra.JNT. sg.

kri, 5*jr. Pot.

approached

but

danger

having seen

man

should act

as

proper. (56)

Ind.

idam, G.sg.m.

-n*,L.sg.

ay with pala, Inf.

A'arm.-ma,A'. sg. m.

Ind.

Ind.

bhA, Jf.sg.n.
Ptc. Put. Pats.
it

Now

of him

in the presence

to escape

unable

therefore

to be,

tad,

2V. sg.

n.

bhft, &sg.

Imp. Par.

Ind.
first

-sa,,Ac.sg.

pad with ud, Ger.

Caus.

idam, G.
sg.

-y^Ac,

sg.

m.

that

let

be

confidence

having produced of him

totheproximilr

gam with

upa, 1 sg. Pres. Par.

Ind.

loch with

a,

Ger.

sri

with upa, Ger.

bru, 3

sg.

Impf. Pai
:

I approach.

Thus

having reflected,

having near-gone,

he said

-ya, V. sg.

yushmn.&,Ac.sff.

vand

withjitihi,

-ra, ;

N.sg.

vad, 3 sg.

kim, N. sg. m.

yushmad, N.

1 sg. Pres. Aim.

Reverend

Sir,

thee

I salute.

The

vulture

Impf. Par. said :

Who

thou

S
tad,

N.

sg.

m.

vad, 3 sg. Impf. Par.

-ra,

N.

sg.

asmad, N.
I.

sg.

-ra, 2V. ng.

brft, 8

sg.Pres.

Aim.

He

said

cat

The vulture

says

sri -ra, Ac. sg. n.Adv.

with apa, 2 Imp. Par.

;

sg.

Ind.

Ind.
if,

han, N. sg. in. Ptc. Fut. Pass.

as, 2 sg.

Pres.

asmad,
I. sg.

-ra, If. sg.

vad, 3

&(,

Par.

Far

away-go

not

to be killed

thou art

by me.

The

Impf. Pat cat said;

sru, 3 sg Jmp.Pass.

Ind.
first

Ttp.-n&,

Ind.

Ind. asinad,
N.sg.
if
I

-ya,2V.*5'.jn.(r<.han)

Ind.

N. It

sg.

l\&n,N.sg.m Ptc.Fut.Past

may be heard

ofme-the
speech ;

thereafter

to be punished,

then

tobekilled

Ind.

Ttp. -r&J.sg.

Ind.

kim-chid^V. sg.m.

b&n,3sg.Pres.Pass.
is

j>iij,Ssg.Pres.Pass.
is

Ind.

For,

Through

birth- merely

any one

punished,

honoured anywhere

n
-m,Ac.
jna, uiVi pari,

-ya,,N.sff.m.
(rt.

pfij.^. sg. m.Ptc.

Ind.

bhu. 3 sg. Pot.

Ger.

ban)

Put. Pass.

Par.

the conduct having scrutinised to be punished to be honoured

or

he should be.

(57)

-ra.

N. sg.

brft, 3 sg.

2 sg. Imp.

Ind-.

Pres. Atm.

gam with

ft,

JV. sg.

m.

as,

2 sg.Pres.

tad, 3^.
sg.

vad, 3 sg.Imp,

Par.

past. Ptc. Pass.

Par.

m.

The

vulture

says

Say,

wherefore

approached

tbou ait

He

Par. said :

*i?TT<?tK
asmad,
N.sg.

Ind.

Ttp.

-ra,

L. sg.

here

on the Ganges-bank,

Karm.~y\n, N.sg.m. constantlybathing,

Tip. -rin, N.sg. m.

Karm.-t&, Ac.sg.

religious study-

the Chandrayana-voi

observing

41

char with

Ptc.Prt.Par.

m. stha, 1 sg. yushraad, Ttp. -iA, Ao.pl. m. Prts.Par. Ae.pl. You of duty-the knowledge-enjoying stay. performing,
a, ff. gg.

Ttp. -mi. N. pi.

of confidence-objects

-kshin, ff.pl.rn.

-va, ff.

Ind.

aamad, G. sg.

-n,L.sg.Adv.
in the presence

stu with pra,

Ind.

-vat,

Ab.

pi.

m.

pl.m.
all

birds

always

of

me

3pl.Prs.Par. praise ;
*V

therefore

from you,

f~*

\*S*\C\<v

42

v>

Ind.

UoAittJ. -na, i. pf.

Ind.

-tn,L.pl. -y&,Ac.sg.

kj-i,

3 pi. Pres. Par. -dhu, N. pl.m.

Another

and,

Unto worthless

even

beings

mercy

show

the good

Ind.

Ind. bfimthssm,Ssg.Pres.A'tm. ~iA.Ac.Sff.

fo.r

-dra, N.tg.

Ttp. -man, L. sg.

not

withholds

(her) light

the

moon

at the Chandala-dwelling.

(60)

-ya,A~.*y..

Ind,

-ihi,A ,iff.

yd,G.sg.m, Bahttv. -6&,N.sgj.

-ha,

.4ft.

tg,

vrit

w#A

prati-ni,

Again

and,

A guest

3 sg. Pres. Atm.

of whom

broken-hoped

from the house

turns away,

II

II

t*d,N.*g.m.

D.sff.m.

jarm. -U,
Ae. tg. m.

Ai^Ger.

-j*,Ac.tg.

di with

&,

Ger.

mm,Zff.
Pres. Par.

He

to

him the guilt

having given,

the merit

having taken,

goes.

(61)

*,y.tg.n.

Ind.

-m^G.tg.m.

Ind. -na, G. g.

-cba^N.tg.m,

Ind.

-b*, Ac. sg.

gam within y*g.

m.pcut Pte.Pcu*.

Again

and,

Of the

highest

even caste

a low person even

to the

house

come

pAJ,

y. sg.

Pte. Put. Post,

Ind,

-ja, A', sg. n.

-ya, JT. sg. m.

-thi,

N. sg.

to be

honoured

as

proper,

all-gods representing

a guest.

(62)

-n^N.sg.

vrndLSay.
:

-n^N.sg. Ind.

Bottuv.-c}ii,N.sg.m.

Ttp.-k&,N.pl.m.

Ind.

Ind.

The

Impf.Par. vtdture said

Cat certainly meat-liking,

of birds-the

young ones

and

here

vas icttt ni, $ pi.

ittd,I.sg.n.Adv. asmad,

Ind.

Ixrt^lsg.

\*A,Ac.sg,n.

$rn,Ger.

-n,y.sg.

Pre.Par.
dwell,

N.sg.

Pres. Par.

therefore

thus

speak.

This

having heard

the cat

^11 fd
-mi.Ac.sg.
spris, Ger.

^^
idam,

-a*,Ac.dif.

spris.3*^.

brd, 3 sg. Ind,

:

asmad,
I.sg.

Ttp.

-ra,

Ac. sg.

the ground having touched,

the ears

Prts.Par. Pres~ltm. and touches, says

By me

the law-book

tru.Ger.

Sahut.-^I.sg.m.

-n.y.
tg. n.

-\*,N.*g.

N. sg. n.
this

-n^N.sg.n.

so

tctflk

adhi-y N. sg. n.

past. Pte. Pass.

having heard,

with gone-passions,

difficult

vow

Chandrayana

undertaken.

"3

Jnd.

vidwithvi.G.pl.n. Pte.Prt9.Atm.

Ind.

Tip.

O.pl.

Kan*. -*, N.

g.

-m*. N.tff.

"With-one-another

of the disputing

even

law-books

'not-injuring

the highest

-ma, A'.*?.
'

Ind.

Ind.

-y*,jN".sg.

Ind.

duty

thus

here

unanimity.

For,

Ttp.-i*,lf.pl.m.(rt.vritv>ithni).

yad.N.pl.m.

-n,N.pl.

Ttp. -ha, N. pi. m,

Ind.

From

all-injury-abstaining

which

men,

all-enduring

and

who,

11

^^

it

-va,

O.

ff.

n.

Kartn.

-ta,

N. pi. m.

Ind.

tad,

N.

pi.

m.

-ra, If. pi.

Tip. -min,
<x>

JV. pZ.

of everything

support-being

and,

those

men

heaven-going.

(63)

-ka.,N.sff,m.

Itid.

-d,N.iff.

-ma,2V.^.

-m^L.sg.
in death

Ind.

ya

tottt anu, 3 g. fret.

Par.

ytd,y.8ff.m.

One

only

friend,

virtue,

even

follows

who,

II

-r&,I.tff.

-lA*,

Ac.

Sff.

n.

Adv.

-t&,Ac.ag.

-vtL,N.sg.n.

-y*,N.sg.n.
else

Ind.

gxm,3sg.Pret.Par.
goes.

with the

together

body
^fr sf?r
yad, IV.sg.m.

to destruction

everything

but

(64>

Who

ad,3ff. yad, O. sg. m. Pres.Par. of whom eats

Ind.

-s*,Ac.sg.

-blia,

G.dM.

when

the

flesh,

of both

behold

the difference,

.m.

-k, N.

sg.f.

-tt.N.sg.

-ya.JV.ay.

muc\nerithv\,3sg.Pre*.Pa*t.

of the one

momentary

enjoyment,

the other

of life

deprived.

(65)

mri, tr.
'

ff.

n. Pic. Put.

Pan.

Ind.

yad, N. sg. n,

-kha, JV.

iff.

-sha, O. tg.

jn with upa, 8 sg. Pret. A(m.

is

It

must be

died,'

thus

what

pain

of a

man

produced,

II

H
raksh wift pari, /n/1

-ya, If.

Sff.

m.

tad, 7. sg. n.

-na, I. sg.

-ra, A'. .^.

M.

Ind.

possible

by that

analogy

an enemy

even

to save.

(66)

02

44

srii,

2 sa.

Imp. Ind. Par.

again;

Ttp.

-ta, /. sg.

m. or

-ka, I. sg.

Ind.

with pra, 3

s0.

Pres. Pass.

Listen

By

the spontaneously-in the

wood-growing

herb

even

it is filled,

II

II

idam, G.
sg. n.

Karm.

-ra,

G. sg.

-tha, L. sg.

kirn,

N.

sg.

m.

kri, 3 sg.

Pot.

-ka,

Ac.

sg.

Adv.

Par.

-hat, Ac. sg. n.

of this

burnt-stomach on account of

who

would commit

a crime

great ? (67)

Ind.

vas,

with vi, Ger.

C'aus.

tad,

N. sg. m.

-ra,

N.sg.

Ttp,

-ra,

i.

s#.

stha, N. sg.

m. past Ind.

Pic. Pass.

Thus

having made

to confide,

that

cat

in the tree-hollow

remained.

Then,

-iia,

L. pi.

the days

Ttp. -ka, Ac. pi. m. gam, L. pi. m. or n. Ptc. Pres. Par. of the birds-the young ones passing on,

kram with a, Ger.

-ra,

Ac. sg.

having approached,

to the hollow

nl with

a,

Ger.

Ayvay.

khM,

3 sg. Pres.

Par.

yad, G. pi. m.

-ya,

N. pi.

having brought,

daily

he

eats.

Of whom

the young ones

khad, N. pi. n. past Ptc. Pass. eaten,

tad, I. pi. m.

Ttp.-ia.,I.pl.m.

lap with vi, I. pi. m. Ptc. Pres. Par.

Ind. Ind.

-s&,N.sg.

rabh with satn-4

sg. f.

JV.

past Ptc. Pass.

by

those,

sorrow-pained,

wailing,

here (and) there

enquiry

begun.

tad, Ac. sg. n.

yfi&,with\)tai,J3er.

-ra,,N.sg.

-r&,Ab.sg.

sri

wilh

nis,

Ger.

Ind.

That

having perceived,

the cat

from the hollow

having slipped

out

ay with pala, N. sg. m. post Ptc. Pass.

Ind.

kshin, /. pi.

Ind. Ind.

rftp vritli ni, I. pi.

m.

Ind.

Ptc. Fran. Par.

away-gone^

Afterwards

by the birds

here (and) there

searching,

Ttp. -ra, L. sg.

Ttp.

-thi,

N. pi.

in the tree-

hollow

of the young ones-the bones

ap with pra, N. pi. n. past Ptc. Pass. discovered.

Ind.

tati, JV. pi.

m.

vach, 3 pi,

PcrfPar.

Thereupon

they

said

au=i<tn:
asmad, G. pi.
-\;*,N.pl.m.

idam,
'

I. sg.

m.

Ind.

-va, I. sg.

By

this

very

Jaradgava

of us

the

young ones

khad, N.p'.m. past Ptc. Pass. eaten.'

Ind.

-va,

L pi .m.
all

Thus

by

45

-kshin,

N.

pi.

m.

chi,

with

nia.

Gar.

-ra,

N.

ty.

pad with

vi-a, jV.

a. nt.

Ind.

uniad,

If. iff.

the birds

having ascertained

the vulture

pott Ptc. Pans. Caut. killed.

Therefore

br&, 1 .-//. Fret. Par.

liahvv.

-la,

O. tg. m.

Mahuv. -di, Ac.

etc.

sg. n.

Ind.

karri,

wilA

a,

Ow.

tad, JV.
*9-

say

of one of unknown-family(and) character,

Thus

having heard.

that

-km,

N.

iff.

Avyay.

ah, 3 sg. Perf. Par.

-ga,

O. sg.

Tfp. -na, L. sy.

-vat,

N.

sg.

m.

Ind.

jackal

with anger

says

Of

the deer on the first-seeing-day

you

also

Bahuv.

-la, ^V. sg.

m.

Ind.

Ind. Ind.

-vat, /. sg.

m.

Ind.

etad, O. sg. m.

one of unknown-family-(and) character

just;

then

how

you

with

of him

T
Tip.
-ti

.V. sg.

Ind.

vridh, 3 sg. Pres. 'Aim.

the affection-continuance

higher-higher

grows?

Ind.

Karm. -na, N. sg. Ind.

a learned-man

as, 3 sg.

Slagh, JV. sa.

m.

Ind.

Bahuv.

-dhl, 2V. sg.

m,

Ind.

Pres. Par.

Pie. Put. Pass.

Where

not

is,

to be praised

there

one of little-intellect even,

Bah-Hv. -pa, L. sg. m.

-sa,

L. sg.

-da,

N.

sg.

Ind.

drumaya, 3
is

sg.

Pres. Aim.

in

an of trees-deprived

place

the

Eranda plant

even

considered a tree.

(68)

ffit
-ja, JV. sg. w.

Jrti/.

idam, A^ sg.m.

-]&, ff. sg.

m.

-ro, 2V.

//.

m.

Itul.

Jnd.

-n^N.sg.

Bahnv.

-tas,

O.pZ.m.

Again

and,

'This

one of

us,

a stranger

or'

thus calculation

of the narrowminded,

o. -ta.

G.

pi.

m.

Ind.

Ttp.

-dhft,

JV sg.

Ind.

-ka, Jf. sg.

of persons of generous-conduct

on the contrary

the earth

even a family.

(69)

*rY
Ind.
this

TTO ^
Ind.
-?at,

(<\*m,Nsg.m.

Ind.

deer

of ine

a friend,

thus

you

also.

The deer

46

v
I

R[rrs

r. kirn,

N.sg.n, vdxm,I.sg.

n.

-r&,I.sg.

-v&,I.pl.m.

Ind.
in

Tip. -pa, I. pi.

said

What

with this

discussion ?

by

all

one place, with confidencetalks,

-kl sin, /. pi.

m.

stha, 3

scj.

Imp. Pass.

happy

let

be remained.

Ind.

Ind. Ts.\m-tM*,,N.sg.m.

G.sg.m.

-r&.N'.sg.

Ind.

kirn-chit, N.

G.sg.m.

-pu.AI

sg.

sg.m.

For,

Not

anybody

of anybody the friend, not

anybody

of any body the enemy,

-r&,I.sff.

-r&,N.pl.

l&n,Z.pl.Pres.Atm.

-pu,N.pl.

Ind.

through intercourse

friends

are made,

enemies

likewise.

(70)

irnr:
-ka, I.sg.

By

the crow

Ind. vach, N.sg.n. Ind. as.'Ssy. Ind. -va, A' post Ptc.Poss. Imp.Por. pl.m. said : in the morning all Thus it be.

Kami,

-sa,

Ac. sg.

Now

ga,m, ff. pi. m. post Ptc.Pass.

to ad libitum-

gone.

place

Ind.

-ta,

Ac. sg. n.

-la, 2f.

sg.

brft.

8 sg.

-khi, V. sg.

idam, .L. sg, m.

in this

Ttp.

-Sa,

L.

sg,

Karm.

-ra,

Adv.

Pres. Aim.

One day

secretly

the jackal

says:

Friend,

of the wood-

N. sg. acorn-tilledfield

one part

as, 3 sg. tad, Ac. Pres. Par. sg.n.

is,

asmad, N.sg.
I,

yushmad,
Ac.
eg.

nt,

Ger.

driS, 1 sg.

Ind.

kri,

L.

sg. n.

past

Pres. Par. Caus.

'Ptc.Pass.

that

thee

having conducted,

show.

Thus

done

as, L. sg. n. Ptc. Pres. Par.

-ga,

N.

sg.

Avyay.

Ind.

gam, Ger.

-ya,

Ac.

sg.

khad, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

eats.

Ind.

Ttp.

-ti, 7.

sg.

being,

the deer

daily

there

having gone

the corn

Now

by the fieldowner

tad, Ac. sg. n.

dji, Ger.

-6&,

N.

sg.

yuj,

N.

sg.

m, past

Ind.

Ind.

gam with

&,N.sg. m.

Ptc. Pass. Cents.

past Ptc. Pass.

that

having perceived

a snare

fixed.

Thereupon

again

approached

-ga,

N.

sg.

-sa, I. pi.

bandh, N. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.

cMnt, 8 sg. kim, 2V. sg.m. Impf.Par.

asmad,
Ac.sg.

Ind.

Ttp.

-Sa,

Ab.

sg.

the deer by the snares

caught

thought:

Who

me

from here

from the deathsnare,

47

In.l.

Ttp.

-ia,

J6. sg.

trai, /n/".

-ra,

X6. ?.

-jm,

?.

m.

-tha,

N.

g.

m.

Ind.

as

it

were,

from the hunter's-

to save,

from the friend

different,

able ?

There

-ra, L.

ff.

n.

Adv.

-k:i,

X. sg. m.

Ind.

gam with

a,

Ger.

stlid, t/u//t

upa. JV. *0.m. chint, 8 V- Imp/J'ar. past Ptc. Pass.

meantime

the jackal

there

having gone,

near-stepped

thought:

-\A,N.sg.f.

Ind.

asm ad, O.pl.

Ttp. -dha,

I. sg.

Ttp. -dhi, N. sg.

etad, G.sff.m.

Fruit- bearing then

of us

through the deceit-plot the wish- accomplishment;

of him,

krit urithud, G.sg.m. Ptc. Pret. Pass.

Ttp.

-ta, 2V. pi.

-thi, Jf.pl.

asmad, I.sg.

Ind.

aptrt/Apra, JV.p/. n. Ptc. Fut. Pass.

being cut up,

the flesh-blood-smeared

bones

by

me

surely

to be got.

<rrf%
l*d,N.pl.n.
-y&,Liff.

-n&,N.pl.

bhft,3pi.JFVMi.Par.
will be.

-ea>,fr.sff.

tad, Ac. sg. m.

driS, Ger.

They

in

abundance

food

The deer

him

having seen

las with ud, 2V. sg.

m.

brA, Zsg.

-khi,V.sff.

chhid, 2sg.

Ind.

asmad, O.sg.

-\\a.,Ac.sg.

Avyay.

tnu, 2 sg

past Ptc. Pass. Caus.

Pres.Atm.
says:

Imp. Par.

delighted

Friend,

cut

now

of

me

Imp.Atm. the fetter; quickly deliver

asmad, Ac.

sg.

Ind.

me.

For,

d, L. pi.

-ra,

Ac. sg.

jfia,

^r.

Po^. Par.

-dha, i.

fl'.

-ra,

Ac. ag. -na, i.

jgr.

-chi,

Ac. sg. m.

In misfortunes

a friend

one may know,

in battle

a hero,

in debt

an honest man,

-ya,

Ac. ay.

kshi, L. pi. n. post Ptc. Pass,

-ta,

X. pi.

-na, L. pi.

Ind.

-ya, Ac. pi.

a wife

in lost

riches,

in troubles

and

relations.

(71)

-ra,

N.sg.n.

Ind.

-vt^L.sg.

-ra^L.sg.
in affliction

Ind.

Ind.

-sha.Z.?.
in dearth,

Ttp. -ya, L. sg.

Another

and,

At a festival,

and

even,

in reign-revolution,

rf%*f?T
Ttp.
.ra,

n
Ind.
yad, Jf. sg.m.
stha, 3 sg.
tad, AT. sg. m.

L. ag.

-na.,

L. sg.

at the king's door,

on the cemetery

and

who

Pres.Par. stands,

he

a friend.

(72)

48

ka,

N. sg.

Ind.

Ind.

-sa,Ac.sg.

lokwith\i,
Ger.

chint, Ss^.

Impf. Par.

$h&,N'.sg.m. Ind. \da,m,N.sg.m.

The jackal

again-again

the snare

having eyed

thought:

Strong

so far

this

-dha, N. sg.

brft, 3 sg.

Pres. Atm.

Ind.

-khi, F. sg.
:

Tip.

-ta, If. pt.

m.

etad,

N. pi. m.

fetter

says

and

Friend,

of sinews-made

these

-a, N.

pi.

Ind.

Ind.

-r&.L.sg.

Ind.

eiad,Ac.pl.m.

-ta,,I.pl.

spriS, \sg.

snares, therefore to-day

on a Sun-day

how

these

with the teeth

Pres. Par. I touch ?

ra, F. sg.

Ind.
if

-ta,

L. sg.

Ind.

Ind.

man,

2 sg.

Pres. Atm.

Ind.

-ta,

L. sg.

Friend,

in thy

mind

not otherwise

thou thinkest,

then

in the

mornin^

yad, N. sg. n.

yushmad, I.

sg.

m.

vach, N. sg. n. Pic. Put. Pass.

iad,N.sg.n.

\ir\,N.sg.n.Ptc.Fut.Pas9.

what

by thee

to be said,

that

to be done.

Ind.

vach, Ger.

Tip. -pa, L. sg.

-man, Ac.

sg.

chhad with

.1,

Ger.

stha,

N.

sg.

m.

Thus

past Ptc. Pass.

having

said,

of him-in the neigh-

himself

having concealed

stood

bourhood

^rr^r:
isA,N,sg.m.
Ind.

t&d,N.sg.m.

-ka,

N.sg.

Tip.

-la.

L.

sg.

-%a.,Ac.sg.

Karm.-ta,,Ac.sg.m.

he.

Thereupon

that

crow

at evening-time

the deer

not-returned

lok with ava, Ger.

Ind.

Ind.

ish

with anu, Ger.

-dha, Ac. sg. m.

dris,

Ger.

having seen,

here (and) there

having searched,

the so-conditioned

having seen,

vach, 3 sg. Perf. Par.

-khi, V. sg.

kim, N. sg. n.

etad, N. sg. n.

-ga, /. sg.

vach, N. sg. n. past Ptc. Pass.

said

Friend,

what

this ?

By

the deer

said

Karm.

-ya, G.

Sff.

-la,

N.

sg.

etad, N. sg. n.

Ind.

Ind.

vach, N. sg. n. past Ptc. Pass.

Of the

slightedrfriend's-word

the fruit

this.

Thus

and

said

49

d, O. pi.

Bah*e. -m, C.

i>l.

m.

yail, jV.

iff.

m.

Sru, Say. Pret.

Par.

Ind.

-U, Ae.

iff.

Of friends

well-wishing

who

hears

not

the word,

pad. y.

iff.

dlii

with smni-ni. JV. ?./.

pott Ptc.

tad. G. ig.

m.
;

N.

eg.

m.

-ra,

N.

tg.

Ttp. -in,

If. ig.

m.

adversity

Pan. near

of him

that

man

an enemy-dehghter.

(73)

-ka,.y.

?.

bra,3fi.Pre.^m.
says:

tad,

Ar

ig.

m.

-\m,N.sg.

Ind.

The crow

that

rogue (jackal)

where

does he sit?

By

the deer

vach.

If. sa.

n.

Ttp. -thin.

JV. sg.

w.

stha, 3 sg. Pros.

Par.

Ind.

Ind.
just.

Jt*,N.ig.

pent Ptc. Pott. said

:

Pr<says
:

For my-flesh-longing

he stands

there

The crow

vw\\.N.tg.n. past Ptc. Pass.

Ind.

Said

indeed

by

me

before

-dba,.y. sg.
'

Ind.

aamad, G.*^.

as, 3 40.

Pr. Par.

Ind.

Ind. eUd,

.ZV.

r.

n.

Ttp.

-nt.,

N.

tg.

An offence

not

of

me

is/

thus

not

this

for confidence-a reason,

vid, 3 *p.
it is

Pre. Pass. Ind.

for

-sa, .46. pZ.

m.

-ya, JV. *0.

-vat, O. pi.

m.

Ind.

known

from the mischievous

danger

of the virtuous

even.

(74)

Ttp. -dha, Ac. tg.

Ind.

Tip. -ya, Ac.sg.

-tt,Ac.tg.

Of a

lamp-extinction-the smell

and,

a friend's-word,

the star Arundhati,

Ind.

ghr&,$pl.Prs.Par. Ind.
smell,

ru,3p/. Prc*. Par.

7nd.

Pr. Par.
see

drift,

Spf.

JSaAnw. -yus, JV.pZ. w.

not

nol

hear,

not

those whose

life-is

gone.

(75)

-slia,

j7. -w.

7 /?).

-t ri,

Ac. sg. m.

-aha,

Z.

jy. M.

ZYp. -din, Je. tg. m.

Away

from-the eye

design-destroying,

before-the eye

kind words-speaking,

vrij,

Ssg. Pot. Par.

-&&,Ac.sg.n.

m.Ac.tg.
friend,

Tfp.-b]m,Ac.sp.

one should avoid

such a

a poison-pot

having a milk-aurface.

(76)

TTFT:
/wd.

imrf
-ka,

t
.Zy.afl'.

c^ro
-gha,
./ic.

sg. n.

Adv.

svas

wth nis, Ger.

:

Ind.

-k&,V.sg.

kim,N.sg.n.

Then

the crow

deeply

having sighed

Alas,

rogue,

what

yushmad,

I. sg.

Bahuv. -man,

/. sg.

m.

kri, 2V. sg. n.

past Ptc. Pass.

?

Ind.

by thee

-wicked-deeds performing

done

For,

lfi.r>withsam,G.pl.m. post Ptc. Pass. Carts.

-r,I.pl.n.

-ohas,

7.#

Karm.

-ra,,

I. pi.

Ind.

vast-kri, G. pi.

m.

past. Ptc. Pass.

Of those

addressed with sweet

words,

with pretended-services

and

enchanted,

n
-vat, G. pi.

n
va,nch,N.sg.n. Ptc. Fut. Pass. Caus.

m.

srad-dh&, G. pi. m. Ptc. Pres. Par.

Ind.

-ka,,L.

Ind.

-thin,

G.pl.m.

of the hopeful,

of the confiding

and

in the

why

of supplicants

world,

cheating to be done is? (77)

-rin,

L.

fff.m.

sg.

Srswnbh with vi, L. m. past Ptc. Pass.

Eahuv.

-ti,

Upon

the

the confident,

beneficent,

51

-na L.

eg.

-la,

Ac. ig. n.

kim, Ac.

sg. n.

Ind.

ru, 3

g. Pres.

Par.

Ind.

-m, Ac.

g. n.
;

in the ear

tune

some

be

burnt*

softly

wondrous one

-r

Ac. sg.

rftp

with

ni,

Oar.

-h8,

7. sg.

vis,

with pra, 3

sg.

Pres. Par.

Bahuv.

-ka, ff. tg.

;

m.

a hole

having espied

with baste

he enters

fearless

va,

-4(r.

*p. n.

-la,

0. *0. m.

-ta,

Ac.

sg. n.

-ka,

N.

sg.

kri, 3 *0. Pre*.

Par.

the whole

of the wicked

conduct

the gnat

practises.

(80)

.m.

Ind.

Ind.

Ttp.-\Ok,N.g.
this

A wicked
ft*fir
-dhu, N. sg. n.

a kind words-speaking

and,

not

a confidence-reason,

fW
Tip.
-ra,

II

^^

II

stha, 3 sg.

L.

sg.

-d,

i.

sg.

-la, J^.

*flf.

n.

-sha,

N.

Pres. Par.

sg.

honey
s.

stands

on the tongue-tip,

in the heart

Halahala

poison.

(81)

TTHTff
Ind.
-ta,

L. sg.

Tip.

-ti,

N. sg.

Bdhuv.

-ta,

N.

sg.

m.

tad, Ac.
sg. m.

-a, Ac. sg.

gam with a, N. sg. m

Ptc. Pres. Par.

Now

in the

morning
:

the field-owner

staff-in

hand

that

place

approaching

ku,I.sg.

lokwith&v^N.sg. tad.^c.
m. past Ptc. Pass.
sg.

lokwi^a, Ger.

-ka,J.flr.

m.

by

the crow

espied.

Him

having seen

by the crow

vach .N. iff. n. past Ptc. Pass. said

:

-ttii,V.Sff.

Friend

ga, V. sg

yuslimad,

N.
deer,

sg.

-man, Ac. sg.

Ind.

dris

with sam, Ger.

Caus.

-ta, 7. sg.

-ra,

Ac. sg.

prt,

Ger.
filled,

thou

thyself

dead-like

having shown,

with wind the stomach having

-da, Ac.pl.

stabdhi-kri, Ger.

stha, 2 sy.

Ind.

asmad,
ff. sg.

-da, Ac. sg.

kri, 1 xy. Pres. '

Ind.
*

yushrarul,

Imp. Par.

Par.

N.

sg.

the feet

having

stiffened,

remain.

When

a noise

make,

then

thou

sthi with ud, Ger.

Avyay.

having got up

with-haste

ay with pala, 2 sg. Put. u. Por. wilt run away.

-ga, A', sg.

Ind.

Ind.

Ttp. -na,

7. sg.

The deer

thus

just

by the crow's-word

era:
ru.

stha, N. sg.

past Ptc. Pass

Ind.

Tip.

-ti, 7. iff.

Bahuv.

.na, 7. sg.

m.

-dha,

JV. *0.

m.

remained.

Then

by the

field-

owner,

whose eyes- (were) expanded-with joy,

the so-conditioned

52

wft &
-ga,

sft

T<HS!T ^9
as,Zsg.Pres. as,Zsg.Pres Ind.
vach, Ger.

N.

sg.

N". sff. ]ok with m. past Pic. Pass.

,

Ind.
'

Ind..

mr\,N.sg.m. past Ptc. Pass.

-ga,Ac.sg.

Par.

deer

perceived.

Ha

of thyself

dead

thou

art.'

Thus having

said

the deer

-vt&,Ab.sg.

much, Ger.

-sa,,Ac.pl.

grab, Inf.

Bahuv.-na,,N. sg. m.

bhft, 3,sg.

Ind.

Per/. Par.

from the fetter

having delivered,

the snare

to take

up

busy

he was.

Then

Ttp.-d&,Ac.sg.

iru, Ger.

-g&,N.'sg.

Avyay.

stha with ud, Ger.

ay with pal4, If. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.

the crow's-voice

having heard,

the deer

with-haste

having

risen,

escaped.

t&H,Ac.
sff.m.

diswithud,
Ger.

tad, I.sff.

Ttp.-t\,I.sg.

m.

kship, 7. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.

-da,,I.sg.

-la,,N.sg.

ban, N. sp. m. past Ptc. Pass.

killed.

Him

aiining-at

by

that

field-owner

with a thrown

stick

the jackal

Ind.

Ind.

vah,N.sg.n.

tri,I.pl. -sha,,I.pl.

tr\,I.pl.

-s&,I.pl.

irij.pl.

-aha,,I.pl.

tri,I.pl.

-na,Z
pi.

Thus and

postPtc.Poss. said: In three

years,

in three

months,

in three

fortnights, in three days,

Karm.

-ta, I. pi. n.

Dvandva.

-ya, I. pi. n.

Ind.

Ind.

-la,

Ac.sg.

as,3sg.Pres.Atm.

through extraordinary

good (and)-bad (actions)

here

even

the fruit

one reaps. (82)

si
Ind.
asrnad,
hrft, 1 sg.

Dvandva.

-ka, G. du.

-ti,

N.

sg.

N. sg.

Pres. Par.

Therefore

say:

Of the food - (and)

the eater

the
affection,

BaTvuv. -di, Ac. sg. n. etc.

-ka,

N.

sy.

Ind.

ah, S sg.

Perf. Par.

The crow again

says:

bhaksh,

I sg. m. past Ptc. Pass. Eaten

Ind.

-'vxb,I.sg.m.

Ind.

-ra, JV. sg.

asmad, G.

sg.

m.

-la^N.sg.m.

even

by you

not

the food

of me

plenteous,

yushmad.i.s^.
in thee

jiv,

L. sg. m. Ptc. Pres. Par.

1 sg. Pres.

Par.

ahuv.-v&,N.sff.

Ind.
like,

Sahuv.-gh&,V.sg.

living

live,

Chitragriva

oh harmless

(83)

.ya,

N.

sg. n.

Ind.

tiryach, G.

Ind.

-B&, JV. sg.

pLm.
Again
and,

T drls, A sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.

.

Bahuv. -man, G. pi. m.

Of brutes

even

confidence^

is

seen

(performing) pure-only-actions,

53

t.

Q.pl.m.

Ind.

-tvt.Ab.sg.

Karm.

-va,

*f.

sg.

Ind.

vrituiUhnl.&ig.Prei.Atm.

of the good

for

from good-character

the natural-disposition

not

turns away. (84)

Ind.

-dbu,O.sg.m.

kupw/Mpra, G.*0.m. Ind.

past Ptc. Pass. Cant. irritated

-nn8,N.*g.

Ind.

y&withk,3sg. Pret. Par.

-yt^Ac.sg.

Moreover,

of the good

even

the

mind

not

goes-to

change,

T
Ind.

f%
Ind.
tap, Inf. Caus.
-ya,

N.

sg. n.

Ttp. -bhas, N. sg.

Tip. -ka,

/. sg.

Not

for

to heat

possible

the ocean-water

with a straw-fire.

(85)

"Wrf
-lak,N.sg.

brd,3^ff. Pres. Aim.

-la,

Ar

sg.

m.

Hiranyaka

says

Unsteady

-la, I. sg. yushmad, N. sg. an unsteady one thou,

Ind.

-\i*,N.sg.

Ind.

with

friendship

by any means

Ind.

kri, 2V. sg.

m. Pte. Put. Pass,

not

to be

made.

<T*IT
Ind.
Ind.
vach,
ff.

fast Ptc. Pass.

sg.

n.

-ra,

N.

sg.

-sha,

N. sg.

-sha,

N.

sg.

-ka,

N.

sg.

Karm.

-sha, *V. sg.

Ind.

Thus

and

said

cat,

a buffalo,

a ram,

a crow,

a bad

man

likewise,

ir

n
Ind. Ind.
-ia.,N.sg.m.

sg.

bhanYApra,3pZ.
Pres. Par.

etad, N. pi.

m.

-s&,N.sg.

from confidence

become strong

these

confidence

there

not

proper.

(86)

Ind.

-y&,N.sg.n.

Bahwv.-da&.N.sg.in.

-vat,

N.

asm ad,
O.pl.

sg.i*.

vach, N. so. n. pott Ptc. Pass.

Ind.

etod.JV.

sg.*.

Besides

another;

with the enemies-siding

you

of us;

said

and

this:

-ru, /. sg.

Ind.

Ind.

dba

tcith satn, 3 sg.

Karm. -(a,

/. sg.

m.

Ind.

-dhi, /. sg.

Pot. Par.

With an enemy

not

surely

one should unite

oneself

through a well-fastened

even

union,

Karm.

-ta,

N.

sg. n.

Ind.

-ya, A', sg.

Sam, 3

sg.

Pres. Par. Cant.

Ind.

-ka, Ac. sg.

well-heated

also

water

quenches

yet

the

fire.

(87)

54

Karm.
A.

-na,

N.

sg.

hri

with

pari,

N. sg. m.

-ya, /. sg.

kri tciiA alam,

2V. sg.

m.

Ind.

as,

JV~.

sg.

m. Ptc.

Ptc. Put. Pass.

past Ptc. Pass.

Pres. Par.

wicked

man

to be avoided

with knowledge

decorated

even

being,

-ni, /.

5r.

bhftsh,

A*". sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.

-y&,A .sg.

Ind.
(is)

adas, N. sg. m.

Ind.

Ttp.-ra,N.sg.in.
terrific ?

with the jewel

decorated

the serpent,

he

not

(88)

yad, N.
tg. n.

Karm.-ya^N. Ind.
sg. n.

tad, N. sg. n.

-y&,N.Sff.n.

yad, N.
sg. n.

-y&,N.sg.n.

id.

Ind.

tad.N.sg.n.

What

impossible,

not

that

possible;

what

possible,

possible

certainly

that;

Ind.

-ka,

L.

sg.

-fa,

N.

sg.

y,

3 sg. Pres.

Ind.

Ind.

iiau,

N. sg.

Par.

gam, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

-la,

L. sg.

not

in water

a cart

goes,

not and

a ship

goes

on dry

land. (89)

fNftfir
-r&,N.sg.n.

Ind.

-hat, I. sg.

m. Ind.

Ttp.

-ra, I. sg.

yad, N.sg.m.

svas with vi, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

-ru,L.pl.

Another

and,

With great even

rf<ftf

wealth-affluence

who

confides

in enemies,

TO
-ta,

~y&,L.pl.

Ind.

in wives

and

ranj with vi, L. pl.f. gast Ptc. Pass.

Bahuv.

N.sg.

it.

t&A,G.sg.m.

-r\9.,N.sg.

disaffectiouate,

there-ending

of him

the sustenance. (90)

-ka, JV. sg.

brft, S^sp.

Pres.

Sru,

Aim.

N. sg. n. past Ptc. Pass.

asmad,

I. sg.

-va,

AT 5/7. n.
.

Ind.

Ind.

aamad,
G. sg.

Laghupatanaka

says:

Heard

by

me

all.

Thus

even

of

me

Ind.

--ra,t,N.sg.m.

-p&,N.sg.

yusliniad, I.sg.
:

Ind.

-y&,N.sg.

-ya, Ac. sg. n.

'kri,N.sg.n.J

:>

tc.

Ind.

Adv.

and

such

the resolution

'Thee

with

friendship

necessarily

Fut.Pass. to be made,'

thus;

f%
Ind.
Ind.
ifr

Karm.

-ra, I. sg.

-man, Ac. sg.

pad with

vi-a, 1 sg.

Fut.

ii.

Par. Caus.

Ind.

Ind.

not

through want of food

myself

I shall

kill.

Thus

for

Ind.

-ya, 2f. sg.

m.

(rt.

bhid)

-na, 2V- sg.

m.

Ind.

Karm.

-na. 2V. sg.

bhfl, 3 sg. Pres.

is
;

Par.

Earthenpot-like

easy-to be broken,

difficult-to

be

and,

the wicked

man

united

55

Karm.

-na,

Intl.

Ind.

-ya,

N.

sg.

m.

Ind.

-ya, A".

N.sg.

the good

on the
contrary

golden-pot-like

difficult-to

and

q. m. (rt. dha toith sani) Ptc. Put. Pott. easily to be united. (91)

man,

be broken

I ml.

-tva,

Ab. sg.

Karm.

-ha, G. pi.

-ta,

Ab. sg.

Dvandva. -kshin, O.

pi.

Moreover,

From

iluxibility

of all-metals,

from a motive

of beasts- (and) birds,

II

-^

II

yi^Ab.sg.

-bha, Ab. sg.

Ind.

-kha,

(?.

p.

-t*,N.sg.n.

-TM,Ab.sg.

-t,G.pl.i.

from

fear,

cupidity

and, of the fools

the union,

from sight

of the good.

(92)

^Tft^nmrarrrr f'^fa
Bahuv.
-ra,

sft f%
Pres. Pass.

Ind.

N.

pi.

m.

dris, 3 pi.

Ind.

Ind.

Karm.

-na,

N. pi.

Moreover,

Cocoanut-like-formed

are seen

also

indeed

the good- men,

-y, N.

pi.

m.

Bahuv.

-ra, JV. pi.

m.

Ind.

Ind.

Tip.

-ra. If. pi.

m.

others

jujube-shaped

externally

merely

charming.

(93)

sfr
Ttp. -da, L. sg.

Ind.

-dhu, O. pi. m.

-na, JV. pi.

Ind.

ya with

a,

3 pi. Pres. Par.

-ya,

Ac. sg.

In love-interruption

even

of the good

the virtues

not

go-to

change,

-ga,

L. sg.

Ind.

Ind.

-la,

G. pi.

bandh

vrith anu, 3 pi. Pres.

Par.

-tu,

N.

pi.

in the fracture

even

for

of lotus stalks

remain connected

the fibres.

(94)

-ya,

N.

sg. n.

Ind.

-tva,

N.

sg. n.

-la,

N.

sg.

-ya,

N. sg.

-ya,

N.

tg.

Dvandva. -kha, L. du.

in happiness (and)-misfortune,

Again

and,

Purity,

generosity,

bravery,

constancy
n

-ya, If. sg.

Ind.

-ti, 2f.

sg.

Ind.

-ta, If. sg.

Ind.

Ttp. -na,

JV. pi.

rectitude

and,

attachment

and,

veracity

and,

a friend's-qualities.

(95)

ctad, /. pi.

m.

-ia>,I.pl.

iwithupn..Jf.sg.m. past Ptc. Pass.

Ttp.-y*,N.sg.m.

asraad,/. sg.

kiin.A".
sg.

-d. .V. sg.

m.

With

these

qualities

endowed

but you-nnothcr

bv me

who

as a friend

4p with
to be

nra. A', sg. m.

Ealiuv.

-di,

Ac. sg. *.

Tip. -na, Ac.sg.

karn

-//A 4,

-V,

If. sg.

Pic. Fvt. 1'axs.

Ger.

found?

Thus-beginning

of him- the speech

having heard,

Hiranyaka

56

Ind. sri with

nis,

Ger.

ah, 3 sg. Perf. Par.

pyai with a, N. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass. Caw.

asmad, N.

sg.

-vat, G.

idara, /.
sg. n.

pi.

m.

forth out-slipping

says

Regaled

of you

by

this

^r^rRW
Ttp.
-ta, I. sg.

?roT
Ind.

Ind.

vach, N. sg. n. past Ptc. Pass.

word-nectar.

Thus

and

said

Ttp.

-ta,

Ac. sg. m.

Ind.

Ind.

Karm.

-la, /. pi.

-na, JV. sg.

Ind.

Ttp.

-11,

7
.

$y.

The

heat- oppressed

not

thus

with cool- waters

bathing,

not

a pearl-necklace,

Ind.

Ttp. -na,

2V. sg.

sukhaya, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

Avyay.

Ind:

ji, 1?. sg.

n. past Ptc.

Pass. Cans.

not

sandal-ointtnent

comforts,

limb by limb

even

applied,

-ti,

D.

sg.

Ttp.

-fa,

N.

sg.

bhi\ with pra, 3 sy. Pres. Par.

Ind.

Ind.

-t&s,G.sg.

to the gratification of good-men-the speech

serves

commonly

as

of the mind,

Karm.

-ti,

I. sg.

Ind.

kri with puras, N. sg. n. past Pic. Puss.

-tin,

G. pi. m.

Eahwo. -ma, N.

sg. n.

with good -argunient

and

put-forth

of the good,

attraction-charmequal.

(36)

-ya, A*, sg. n.

Ind.

Ttp. -da,

2V. sg.

-na, 2V. sg.

Ind.

-ya, 2V. sg.

-ta, 2V. sg.

Again

and,

Secret-betrayal,

begging

and,

severity,

fickle-mindedness,

H
dha,
2V. sg.

-ta, 2V. sg.

-ta, 2V. sg.

etad,

2V. sg.

n.

-ra,

G. sg.

-na, 2V. sg.

anger

want-of truth, gambling,'

this

a friend's

fault.

(97)

idam,

/. sg.

m.

Ttp. -ma,

/. sg.

Ttp. -ua, N. sg.

Ind.

yushmad, L.
in thee

sg.

Ind.

laksh, 3 sg. Pres.

is

Pas
:

Through

this

speech- course

ofthem-onefault

even

not

perceived

^<znrTf^
Ind.
-tva, 2V. sg.
-tva, 2V. sg.

Ttp. -ga,

I. sg.

budl), 3 sg. Pres. Pass.

is

For,

Eloquence,

veracity,

through the speech-course

known,

n
-ksha, /. sg. n. Adv.

-tva, 2V. sg.

-ya, 2V. sg.

gam with ava,

is

S sg. Pret. Pass.

unsteadiness,

fickleness,

at sight

discovered.

(98)

57

~r*,N.tff.*.

Ind.

Irut.

Ind.

Ind.

'd&,2?.tff.

bhfi, 3 sy. Pot.

Par.

fla>tv. -man, G.sg. m.

Another

and,

Otherwise

truly

for

the friendship

will be

of the pure-minded,

n t-~t~
vrit

<* pra, 3 sg. Prat. Aim.

Ind.

-nl,

N.

tff.

Bnhvv. -Us, G.

sg.

m.

proceeds

otherwise

the language

of one whose heart-is affected-

(9U)

by

deceit.

-nas,

7,..

-ys>,N.sg.n.

sg.

Hahuv. -man, G. pi. m.

another,

In the mind

another thing,

in the speech

the action

another

of the wicked,

-naa,L.sg.

-k,A'.

sg. n.

-chas, L. sg.

-ka^JV.
Sff.

-rn&n,L.ag.

n.

-ka,JV. sg. H.

Bahuc. -m*n, G.

pi.

m.

in the

mind

one thing, in the speech one,

in the action

one

of the noble-minded. (100)

Ind.

bhd, 3

iff.

-vat, G. sg.m.

man iw<A

abhi, N.sg. n.

/nd.

JJ.

vaoh, <?er.

/wp. Por.

-ka,^.

*jr.

Therefore

be

of you

po<. Ptc. Pass. the wished

even.

Thus

having said

Hiranyaka

er.

Tip. -sha,

/. pi.

-sa.J<j.

#.

tush fsam,

Or. COM.
the hole

friendship

having made,

with food-dainties

the crow

having regaled,

sft
vis with, pra, AT.
//.
.

T?T:
Ind.

-sa, ff. iff.

Karm.

-na, Ac. sg.

past. Ptc. Pass.

gain A", sg. m. past Ptc.Pass.

Ind.

Ind.

tad, G. civ.

in-

entered.

The crow

also

to his-place

gone.

Thence-forward

of those two

Tip. -na,

/. sg.

Ttp. -na, I. pi.

Ttp. *pa,

/. pi.

Ind.

-la,

N. sg.

vrit

wtth ati, 3

sg.

PrttMm .

with mutual*
food-presenting,

with healthenquiries,

with confidentialconversations

and,

the time

passes by.

Ind.

-k, N.

sg.

-ka, Ac. sg.

ah, 3 sg. Perf.

Par.

-khi, V. sg.

Eahuv.

-ra,

Ac. tg. n.

One day

Laghupatanaka

to

liranyaka

says

Friend,

with very difficult-to be procured-food

idani, Ac. sg. n.

-na>,Ac.sg.

tyaj

with

pari, Ger.

Ttp.

-IK,

Ac. sg.

gain,

//.

Ish, 1 sg.

Pnt. Par*

this

place

having

left
I

to

another place

to

go

I wish.

58

brft, 3 sg.

-ra, F. a^.

Jwd.

Pres. Mm.

gam, 2V. s.?. n.Ptc. Fut.Pass.

to be gone ?

Ind.

Ind.

vah,lV.sg.n.pagt
Ptc. Pass.

Hiranyaka

says

Friend,

where

Thus

and

said

chl, S

sg. Pres.

Par.

-ka,

Leg. m.

-da, 7.

</.

stii&,

3 sg. Pros.

Par.

-k&,I.sg.m.

~ma,i,N.sg.m.

He

goes

with one

foot,

he stands

with one,

the wise man,

^TT'f
-na^Ao.sff.
tyaj, 3 sg. Pot.

Ind. ikahwitha&m,Ger.wUha. -fa.,Ac,sg.n. -n&,Ac.sg. -va.,Ac.sff.n.

Par.

not, without-having seen

another

place,

the former

abode

one should leave. (101)

.nff.

brfi,3sg.Pres.Atm.

as,3sg.Pres.Par,

Karm.

-na,

N.

sg.

-ka,,N.sff,

The crow

says

There

is

a well-investigated-place.

Hiranyaka

\aA,3sg. Impf. Par. said :

fif

<TfTN

kirn, JV. sg. n.

tad,

N. sg. n.

-sa,

N.

sg.

brtt,

3 sg. Pres. Atm.

as,

sg.

Pres. Par.
is

Karm.
in the

-ya,

L. sg.

What

that ?

The crow

says

There

Dandaka-wood

Bahuv.

-na,

N.

sg. n.

-ras,

N.

sg.

Ind.

Ttp.

-ta,

N.

sg.

m.

Karm.

-d, A", sg.

asmad, &.

sg.

Karpuragaura-named

a lake;

there

since a long-time-

a dear-friend

of me

acquired

-na,

N.

sg.

m.

-pa,

N. sg.

-ka,

N.

sg.

m.

vas with prati, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

Manthara-named

tortoise,

virtuous,

dwells.

Ind.

Ttp.

-6a,

L. sg.

-ya,

N.

sg.

-va, G. pi.

m.

-ra,

N.

sg. n.

nri, G. pi.

For,

In to others-advice

skill

of

all

easy

of men,

-ma, L. sg.

-ya,

N.

sg. n.

-na,

N.

sg.

kim-chid. G. sg.m.

Ind.

Bahuv. -man, G. sg.m.

in virtue

one's

own

practice

of some one,

indeed,

highminded.

(102)

tad,

N. sg. m. Ind.

Ttp.

-slia, I.

pi.

asmad, Ac.

sg.

vndh with sam.

Fut.
ii.

.3

sg.

-ka, JV.

517.

Par. Cnus.

He

and

with food-dainties

me

will treat.

Hiianyaka

59

Jinr^nraire
2nd.
:

*rer
/></.

/</.

ah. S sg. Per/.

kim,X*j/.n.

stha with ava,Ger.

asniad,/.#.

Lfi.A'.ty.n. Pic. Fut.Paii.

also

says

Then,

what,

here

staying,

by me

to be done ?

/ad.

yad,

p.

-sa,

L. sg.

Ind.

-na, JV. tg.

Ind.

-ti, JV.

*<*-

/<*

-v, AT

p-

For,

In which

place

not

honour,

not

employment,

not

and

a friend,

Ind.

Ind.

Tip. -ma,

JV. sg.

kim-ehid, 2f. sg. m.

tad, Ac. sg.

m.

-sa,

Ac. sg.

vj-ij

with

pari, 3 sg.

Pot. Par.

not

and

knowledgeadvancement

some,

that

place

one should abandon.

(103)

ra, 2^. tg. n.

Ind.

Tip.

-ra,

N.

sg.

Karm.

-ya, If. sg.

-ja,

N.

sg.

-ya,

N.

sg.

-tft,

N.

sg.

Another

and,

Traffic,

safety,

shame,

rectitude,

generosity,

n
-chan,
If.

n
Par.
Ind.
-ti,

Ind.

Ind.

vid, 3 pi. Pres. Pass.

Ind.

kri, 3 sg. Pot.

Ac. sg.

the five

where

not

are found,

not should one

make

there

a residence.

(104)

7d.
There,

-ra, V. sg.

Ind.

vas, Ptc.Fut. Pass.

Ind.

Ind.

as, 3 tg.

O friend,

not

to be dwelt

where

not

is

-ya, A'l va collection of the four,

U
Ttp.~tfi,2f.sg.m.

V^i

H
-\*,N.sg.f.

Ind.

-yt^Jf.sg.

Ind.

-yi^Jf.sg.

-dl.N.sg.

a creditor

and,

a physician

and,

Brahman learned
in the Vedas,

full

of water

river.

(105)

Ind.

asmad, Ac. tg.

Ind.

Ind.

ni, 2 sg.

Imp. Par.

Ind.

-sa,

N.

sg.

Ind.

Therefore

me

also

there

conduct.

Then

the crow

there

tad,/, sg. n.

-T&,I.sg.

Ind.

Karm.

-pa, /. pi.

-kha, 7.

jgr.

n.

taA,O.sg.n.

-na.G.sg.

-p, Ac.sg.n.
into the

that

friend

with,

under variousconversations

pleasantly

of that

lake

proximity

ya, 3 *g. Perf. Par.

Ind.

-ra,

N.

sg.

-ra,

Ab.

sg. n.

lok with ava,

-ka, O. sg.

went.

Then

Manthara

Adv. from afar

Qw.
having seen,
of Laghupatanaka

as-proper

60

ftvnr
dha, with
vi,

-ya, Ac.

gff.

Ger.

-ka, O. sg.

Ttp.

-ra,

Ac. sg.

kri, 3 sg.

Perf. Par.

hospitality

having performed,

of the mouse

hospitable-reception

made.

Ind. -\&,N.sg.

Ind.
either,

2nd, lad.

-dha, 2V.
sg.

-van, 2V.
sg.

Ind.

-}m,Ae.sg.

gxm with &, N.

come,

sg.

i.

For,

A child

m.

m.

past Ptc. Pass.

or

an old man,

a youth

or

to the house

11

II

tad, G.
sg.

-ja,

N.

sg.

dha *oith
to be

vi, 2V. sg.f.

Ind.

m.

gam with abhi-a, N. sg.

m. past Ptc. Pass.

-ru,

N.

sg.

m.

Ptc. Fut. Pass.

of him

honour

made;

everywhere

the arrived (guest)

(is)

an object

(106)

of respect.

-ru,

AT

sg.

m.

-ni,

N.

sg.

Sahuv.

-ti,

G. pi.

-na, G. pi.

-na,

jff.

sg.

-ru,

N.

sg.

m.

An

object of respect

(is) fire

for the twice-born,

for the castes

the

Brahman

an object of
respect;

-ti, JV.

sg.

-ka, N. sg. m.

-ru, 2V. iig.

m.

-rl,G.pl.

Ind.
;

gam with
sg.

abhi-a,

2V.

-ru.^V.
sg.

m. past. Ptc- Pass.

m.

the husband

alone an object of for respect

women

every- the arrived (guest)

(is)

an

(107)

where

object of respect.

-sa,

N.

sg.

vad, 3 sg.

-khi, V. sg.

-ra, V. $ff.

Karm.

-ja,

Ac. sg.

The crow

Impf. Par. said :

idarn, D. sg. m.

dhft with vi, 2

sg.

Imp. Par.

Friend

Manthara,

extraordinary-attention

to

him

pay

Ind.

idaro,

N.

sg.

m,

Bahuv. -man, G.

pi.

m.

-na, 2V. sg.

m.

Ttp.

-ra,

N. sg.

Sahuv. -man,-2V.

sg.

m.

for

he

of the pure-actions performing

the leader,

of gentlenessjewels-a mine,

Hiranyakanamed,

Ttp.

-ja, 2V.

sg.

etad, G. sg.

m.

Ttp.

-ti,

Ac. sg.

Ttp. -ya,

I. sg.

Ind.

Ttp.

-ja, 2V.

sg.

Ind.

the mouse-king.

Of him

the virtue-praise

with of tongues- even two thousands

the serpent-

not

king

Ind.

kath, Inf.

-tha, 2V.

?..

as, 3 sg.

Pot.

Ind.

vach, Ger.

Ttp. -na, Ac. sg.

ever

to relate

able

would be.

Thus

having

said,

of Chitragriva-the tale

varn, TV. s^. m. Ptc. Perf. Par.

-ra, 2V. sg.

Avyay.

-ka, Ac. sg.

puj with sam, Ger.

ah, 3

sff.

-ra, V. sg.

Perf Par.
says
:

(he) related.

Manthara

with-respect

Hiranyaka

having saluted

My dear,

61

man. O.

tg.

Tip, -na.^c. tg.

khy& with
A, /</.

arh, 2 g.

-ka,

N.

iff.

Pres. Par.

vad. H *g. kuth, 1 ? ///p/. Par, PretJ>ar>

of yourself

the desert- wood-approaching-

to tell

deign.

Iliranyaka

said:

tell

firu.

3 tg. Imp. Pass,

:

as, 3 so.

Pres. Par.
ia

Bahuv.
in the

-na,

L. sg.f.

-rl,

i. tg.

Tip. -tha,

A7

?.

it

may be beard

There

Champaka-named

town

a mendicant-dwelling.

f TO
7nd.

Bahuv.

-na,

Ar

*#.

-man, Xc.
tg.

-vraj,

N.

tg.

Adv.

vas toiM prati, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

tad, JV.

^r.

m.

Jnd.

Therein

Chudakarna

by name

a mendicant

dwells.

He

and

Tip.

-ta,

Ac. sg. n.

Tip.

-ra,

Ac. tg.

Tip. -ka v L. tg.

sthA with ava, Oer. Cavt.

with-the of the meals remainingalms-food

the alms-dish

on a pin

in

the

having placed

wall

svap, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

sleeps.

asmad N. sg. 1

Ind.

Ttp. -na, Ac. sg.

plu with ud, Gir.

Avyay.

bhaksh 1 sg. Pres. Par.

eat.

Ind.

and

his- food,

having leaped up,

daily

Thereupon

tad, O.
tg.

Karm.

-d, tf. sg.

Bahuv.

-na,

N.

tg.

-man, Ac.

tg.

Adv.

-ka,

N.

sg.

m.

yd with sam-A, N.

iff.

m. past Ptc. Past.

of him

the dear-friend

Vinakarna

byname

a mendicant

came.

tad, I. tg.

m.

Ind.

Ttp.
in

-ta,

N.

tg.

m.

(rt. stha).

asmad, O.

sg.

Avyay.
for frightening's

Ttp. -da,

I. tg.

Him

with

conversation-engaged

of me

with a split-bamboo^
piece

sake

Bahuv. -na, -, N. tg.

.

-mi, Ac. tg.

tad, 3 sg.

Chudakarna

the ground

Impf. Par, struck.

Bahuv. -na, N. sg.

vach, 3 tg.

-khi, V. tg.

Ind.

Ind.

Vinakarna

PerfPar.
said:

asm.id. O. tff.

Friend,

why

thus

of me

Ttp.

-ta,

N.

tg.

m.

Ttp.

-ta,

N.

tg.

m.

-vat,

N. tg. m.
?

Bahuv.

-na, I. tg.

vach.

A', tg.

n.'

the speech-neglecting on something else-intent

you

By Chudakarna

past Pass. Pie. said :

m.V.sg. Friend,

Ind.

asmad,
ff. sg.

i,

N.tg.r*.

Ind.

dris. 2*7.

idam. A*
tg.

-ka,

y. v.

asmad, O. if.

past Ptc. Past.

not

absent;

but

Imp. Par. look,

m.

this

mouse

of

me

62

<mrer
-rin,

N.

sg.

m.

the plunderer

f^

>

C3

Tip.

-rl, ft.

sg.

nl

iDiftt

prl, N. tg.f. pott Ptc. Pott.

tad,

N. sg.f.

Ind.

Bahuv.

-tu.

G. sg.

i*.

Tip.

-tl, A',

sg.

a merchant's-daugbter

wedded.

She

and of the God of Love

the victory-

banner

fnd.

-vat, jV.

<jr./.

bhft, 3*0. Perf. Par.

tad, A". #. m.

7nd.

JTarw.

-ti, AT. tff.

iad,G.p.f.

-sha, /).

tff.

like

youthful

was.

That

and

old-husband

of her

to the satisfaction

Ind.

bhfl, 8 sg.

Impf. Par.

not

was.

Iitd.

-sw,L.sg.m.

Ind,

Tip. 4a, G. pi. m.

Tip.

-ta,

O. pi. m.

-vi,

L. sg.

Intl.

For,

In the moon

as

of the cold-pained,

of the heat-oppressed in the sun

as,

Wt
-nas,

II

\t-

II

N. sg.

Ind.

ram, 3 sg. Pros. Aim.

-rt,

Q. pi.

Bahuv.
in a

-ya,

L. sg. m.

-ti,

X.

sg.

the

mind

not

delights

of

women

by old age-impairedsenses possessing

husband.

(109)

.n.

Ind.

-i*,L.pl.n.

Ind.

Ari&,L.pl.n. past Pic. Pnss.

-ihs,

G. sy.

Um,N.8ff.f.

-mm, Ac.
sg.

ta,A

r
.

sg.

Adv.

Again

and, Grey hairs

already being seen,

of a

man

what

ever

lovership?

-y, Ac.

sg.

Ind. like

man, Spl. PrfS. Aim.

Ind.

Sahvv.

-nas,

Jff.

pl.f.

-rl,

N. pi.

a drug

they consider,

since

having others-in their hearts

women. (110)

tad,

Ar

.sv7.

M.

Ind.

Kartn.

-ti,

N.

sg.

l*A,L.sg.f.

Ind.

-vtA,N.sg.m.

That

and

old-husband

of her

exceedingly

fond;

v^nrr
Ind.

Ttp.4b,N.sg.

Tip.

-SA,

N.

sg.

Ind.

ru.tf.sg.f.

Ttp.

-t,

G. pi. m.

Ind.

For,

Wealth-hope,

life-hope

and,

dear

of the living beings

always,

Tridh, G.

fff.

m. past Ptc. Pass,

-na, A', sg.f.

-ya,

N.

sg.

-na,

Ab.

pi.

Iml.

-ru,

A^ sg.f. Compar.

of an old

man

a youthful

wife

than

life

even

dearer.

Ind.

bbuj tci^A

upa./jt/'.

Ind.

lad.

tyaj,//.

sak, 3 sg. Prcs.

Par.

-ya,

Ac. pi.

-rin, .V.

.<<7.

m.

Not

enjoy,

not

and

give up

can

the objects of sense

an old mau,

64

tlii,

Ac.

sff.

Bahv/o. -na,

A'',

sg.

m.

Svan,

N.

sg.

Ind.

-va, I. *^.

lib,

3 sg. PresJ?.

-la, -<ic.

//.

the bone

a toothless

dog

as

with the tongue

licks

merely. (112)

Ind.

tad, JV. sg.f.

-ii,N.sg.

Ttp. -pa, Ah. sg.

Bahuv.-$&,N.sg.f.

kirn, I. sg.

m. Ind.

Now

that

Lilavati

through youthpride

having transgressed-of her family -the bounds

some

Ttp.

-ra, I.

sff.

Ind.

-vat, 2V.

sfir./.

bhfi, 3 .r.

P/. Par.

merchant's-son

with

in love

was.

7<i.

-ya, JV. sg.

Ttp.

-ra,

i.

s^.

-ti,

N.

sg.

Ttp. -va, L. sg.

-ti,

.2V.

*.

For,

Independence,

in the father's-house

residing,

at a public-festival

attendance,

Ttp. -dhi, L. sg.

-ma, N. sg.

-sa,

N.

sg.

-sa,

-. sg.

Ind.

of a company-in the presence

want of-restraint,

living

in a strange-place

and,

-ga,

N.

sg.

Ind.

-11,

J. pi.

Ind.

-ti,G.Sff.

-fa G. sg.f.

-t\,N.sg.

associating

with

wanton women,

repeatedly

of the livelihood,

of her own,

waste,

n
G. sg.
-ka,

-ti,

N.

sg.

-ta, 2V. sg.

-na, 2V. sg.

-sa,

G. sg.

-tu, 2V. sg.

-rl,

G. sg.

of the

old age,

jealousy,

husband

sojourn abroad,

of the ruin

the cause

of a woman. (113)

.ra, 2V. sg. n.

Ind.

-na,2V.Sfir.

Ttp.'f^.N.sg.

-t\,I.sg.

Ind.

-h&,N.Sff.

-n&, W.

sff.

Another

and,

Drinking,

with wickedassociating,

from the husband

and

separation,,

roaming about,

it

-na,2V.*/7.

Ind.

Ttp. -ha, L. sg.

-sa,,N.sg.

-ri,G.pl.

-na, ff.pl.

shash,
six.

2V.

Sleeping

and,

in another's-house

dwelling,

of

women

injurious, things

(114)

-iia, 2V.

sg.

Ind.

as,3sff.Pres.

-nn.N.sg.

Ind.

as, 3 sg.

Pres.

Ind.

sa,Ssff.

-tri,2\

.y.

-ra, 2V.fr.

Par.

Par.
is,

Pres. Par.

m.

A place

not

there

moment

not

there

is,

not

there

is

a soliciting

man,

65

H
tad, I. sg. n. Adv.
-da, F. sg.
rl,

Q. pi.

-tva,

N. sg.

jan with upa, 3 *?. Fret. Atm.

is

therefore,

N&rada,

of

women

chastity

produced.

(115)

Ind.

-rt,

G. pi.

Karm.
r
.

Not

of

women

A sg. m. disliked

-ya,

kirn-chid,

N.

sg.

m.

-ya,

#.

sg.

m.

Ind.

Ind.

Ind.

rid, 3 tg. Pret.

Pott.

anyone,

liked

or

also

not

is

known,

go, ff.pl.

-n*,Ac.tff.

Ind.

-ya,

L. sg.

&rihwithpr

>

3pl.Pres.Par.

-v&,Ac.sg.m.

cows

grass

as

in a

wood,

they seek

a new, a

new

one.

(116)

-ra,

N.

sg. n.

Ind.

Tfp. -ma, N. sg.f.

-ri, JV^.

sg.

Tip. -ma,

Ar

/sp-.

m.

pums,

A7

*^

Again

and,

Butter-pot-like

the

woman,

burning-coal-like

the man,

ted, Ab.sg.n.

-is^Ac.sff.

Ind.

-m, Ac.
ig.

Ind.

Ind.

Ind.

Adv. therefore

sth&, Zsg. Pot. Par. Cans,

-dha, A',

sjr.

m.

butter

and

fire

and

not

together

should put

a sage.

(117)

Ind.

-j4, AT. sg.

Ind.

-tva,

A^ ^.

Ind.

-y,

A^. s^r.

Zwd.

-ta,

7
.

Not

shame,

not

modesty,

not

regard,

not

fear,

f%*rr:
Tip. -va, N. tg.

n
sg.

\\
-na,

n
N.
sg.
-rl,

Ind.

-ka, A^. sg. n.

-tva,

L.

G. sg.

of asking- the want

merely

the only

for the chastity

cause

of a woman.

(118)

ftfTT
-lj\,

T^f
sg.

^V*flT
guards

*TfTT

T^f^
ra, L. sg.

^^n

W.

raksh, 3 sg. Pros. Par.

-tri, AT. sg.

raksh, Ssg. Pres.Par.

-nt^L.tg.

The

father

in infancy,

the husband

guards

in youth,

^ft
.sg.

Ind.

-r&,L.sff.m.

-vti,L.tg.

Ind.

-rl t

tf.tg.

-yt^Ac.sg.

the son

and

in old

state of life;

not

woman

independence

Par. deserves.

(119)

T
Ind.

*?PNl3<?t
ti.N.sg.

itA,N.sg.f.

Ttp.

-ra,

L.

sg.

m.

-\M,L.tg.

td

l.tg.

m.

Ttp.-n,I.sg.

One day

that

Lilavati

on a with gem-stringlustre-variegated

couch

that

merchant-son

Ind.

Ttp. -pa,

/. pi.

Karm,

-na,

N. sg.f.

(rt. in)

tad, Ac. tg. m.

Karm.

-ta,

Ac. g. m.

with

in confidence-talks

pleasantly-seated

that

unobserved-approached

66

ti.

Ac.sg.

lok

with

ava, Ger.

-has, 7. *#.

stha with ud, Oer.

-&&,L.pl.

krish witk'ft,, Ger.

'

husband

having perceived, suddenly

having

risen,

by

the hairs

having drawn,

rf^TR^W OHX3J
chumb, N. sg.f.
Ptc.Perf.Par. kissed.
tad, I. sg.

-dha, Ac. sg, n.

ling with a, Oer.

m.

-ra, J. sg.

-ra, 2V. sg.

Ind.

ay with
pala.

Adv.

ardently

having embraced

By

that

opportunity the lover and escaped.

vach, N.sa.n. Ind. post PtcJPoss.

-nas,N.sg.

vid, %sg.

jad,Ac.
sg. n.

-n.,

Ac.sg.

yad, Ac.
sg. n.

Ind.

vid, 3sg.

Ttp.-i\,N.sg.

PerfJ'ar.

PerfJ'ar.

Said

and,

Usanas

knows

what

science,

what
e

and

knows

Vrihaspati,

II

II

Karm. -ra, I. sg.

Ind.

tad,

N. sg. n.

-ra,

N.

sg.

Tip. -dhi, L. sg.

Karm. -ta, N.
is

sg. n.

by nature

already

that

science

in a

woman's mind

well-implanted.

(120)

Ttp. -na, Ac. sg.

lok with ava, Ger.

Ttp.

-tin, If. sg.f.

-nl,

N.

sg.

chint, 3 sg. Impf.

Par.

Of him-the embracing

having seen

near-being

a procuress

thought

Ind.
'

(kirn,

Ab.

sg. n.)

idam, N. sg.f.
this

etad, Ac. sg. m.

gull

with upa, N. sgj. Ptc. Perf. Par.

Ind.

Ind.

tad,I.sg.f.

Without-a why

woman

him

embraced,'

thus.

Thereupon

by that

-nl, I. sg.

Ttp. -na, Ac. sg.

jfta

with

pari, Ger.

tad.N.sg.J.

-ii.N.sg.

gup, I.sg.m. post Ptc.Poss.

procuress

of it-the reason

having discovered

that

Lilavati

with a secret (fine)

dand, N. sg.f. past Ptc.Pass.

Ind.

asmad, brft, 1 sg. Ind. N.sg. Pres.Par.

{kirn,

Ab. sg.

n.)

-van,

If.

sg.f.

-dh&, Ac. ta.

m.

punished.

Therefore

say

without

-a

why

the

young woman

the old man,

Sahuv.

-di,

Ac. sg. n.

Ttp. -bha,

I. sg.

kim>

7. sg.

m. Ind.

-na, 7. sg.

Ind.

bhft,

N.

sg. n.

Ptc.FutJPcus.
etc.

Mouse-strength-support

some

the cause

here

must

be.

.Tia,

Ac. sg.

chint with

vi,

Ger.

-ka, 7.

Sff.

vach,

2V. sg. n.

-na, Jf. sg.

Ind.

Ind.

moment

having reflected,

by the mendicant

past Ptc.Pass. said :

The reason and

here

Ttp. -ya.

If. iff.

Ind.

bhti, 3 sg. Put.

ii.

Par.

wealth-abundance

only

will

be

C
\

Ind.

-vat. A', sg.

m.

-vat, JV. sg.

m.

-ka,

X. ?.

-va,

N.

sg.ru.

Ind.

Ind,

For,
1

The wealthy

strong

in the

world

every one,

everywhere,

at every time,

-tva,

N.

sg.

Bahuv.

-la, -V.

sg. n.

Ind.

-jan, (7. pi.

JntZ.

Jan

>M upa, 3 *0. Pr<v. >i/w.

is

the superiority on riches-founded for

of kings

also

produced.

(121)

<TTT:
Ind.
-r&,Ac.sg.
&&.

with

&,

Ger.

tod.I.Sff.m.

-n^Ac.sg.

khan, Qtr.

Karm.

-t&.N.sg.n.

Then

a epade

having taken,

by him

the hole

having dug open,

long-amassed

asuiad, G. sg.

-na, AT.

</.

grab,

AT. sg.

n.

Ind.

Ind.

pa*< .We. Paw.

Ttp. -na,
(rt.

Ar

s^r.

m.

2Yp.

-ta, A'.

*7.

M.

ha)

of me

wealth

was taken.

Thence-forward

of my-strengthforsaken,

of vipour-energydeprived,

Karat,

-ra,

Ac. sg. Ind.

my

own-food

dou* even to procure

Inf.

pad

teilA ud,

JTarm.-ma, N. sg. m.

Avyay.

-A&, Ac. ty. n.

Adv.
Ptc. Pres. Par.

unable

with-fear

slowly slowly

creeping-on

-na, I.

g.

lok with ava,

Ar

sg.

m. pott Ptc. Pass.

Ind.

tad,

/. sg.

m. vach,

JV. sg. n.

pott Pte. Pott.

:

by Chudakarna

(I was) perceived.

Then

by him

aaid

-na, /.

y.

-vat, JV.

*p>.

m.

-ka, /. sg.

-na, ^16.

y.

bhft, 3 <a.

Prt. Par.
is

-1

a, JV. 49.

With wealth

strong

in the world,

through wealth

one

wise,

dria,2(7.

etad, Ac.
p.

-ka, ^c.
<0r.

-r,Jc.

sg.

m.

T<p. -U, ^c.

(r-

Bn>, A?. *
Pte.

7mp. Par.

m.

Behold

that

mouse

wretched

of his own-species- to the level

POM. gone. (122)

P*<

Ind.

-tha, 7. ^.

JIM/,

hi

oi/A vi,

<3.

gr.

Moreover,

By

wealth

but

POM. ofaforsiiken
Ptc.

m. pott tha, O. <y.

Bahxc,

-dhai, O. <y.

M.

man,

(as) of one with little-judgment,

Kl

68

-ya,

.ZV.

j>Z.

-va,

N. pl.f.
all

naa with

vi,

3 pi. Pres. Par.

-ma, L. sg.

Karm.

-t,

N. pi.

Ind.
as.

the actions

disappear,

in

summer

little-rivers

(123)

-n,N.8ff.n. Ind.

yad, G.sff.m.

-iba^N.pl.

tad, G.
sg.

-ra,

.ZV. j>Z.

yad, O.sff.m. -tti&,N.pl. tad,

<?.

-\a,,N.pl.

m.
friends,

Another and,

Of whom

wealth,

of him

of whom

sg. m. wealth, of him

relations,

yad, G.sff.m. -tha, N.pl. tad^ZV. pums.JV.

-Ya,,L.sg.

of whom

sg.m.

sg.

yaA,G.sg.m. -ihaijf.pl. tad.^V. sg.m.

Ind.

-ta, 2V.

sg.m.

wealth,

he

man

in the world, of

whom

wealth,

he

indeed wise.(124)

-ya,

N.sg.n. Ind.

Bahuv.

-ra,

G. sg.m.

-\n,,N.sg. -y&,N.sg.n.

Ttp.-k&,G.sff,m.

Ind.

Again

and,

Of a

son-less

the house

empty,

of one of a good-friend-destitute and,

f^rr:
-kha, G.sg. m.

Ind.

-. N.pl.

'y&,N~.pl.f.

Karm.-y*,N.sg.f.

-i&,N.sg.

of a fool

and

the regions

empty,

all-empty

poverty.

(125)

-ra,

N.sg.n. Ind.

t&A,N.pl.n.

-ya,,N.pl.

Karm. -la, N. pi. n.

unimpaired,

tad, N.sg.n.

Ind.

-ma,n,N.sff.

Another and,

'Those

senses

that

same

name,

tad,N.sff.f.

-&hi,N.sff.

Karm.-t&,N.sff.f.

-n&,N.sff.

tad,

N.sg.n.

Ind.

that

intellect

uninjured,

language

that

same,

'

5^*
T(p.-ma,n, I.sg.

Tahwithvi,N.sg.m.pastPtc.Poss.

-sha,N.sff.

tad,N.sff.m.

Ind.

by the wealth-heat

forsaken

man

that

same

-ya,

N. sg. m.

-na, I. sg.

bhft, 3 sg.

Pres Par.

Ind.

-tra

N.

sg. n.

etad, N. sg. n. this.

another

in a

moment

is;'

thus

strange

(126)

This

all

having heard

by me considered

Of me

here

staying

improper

now,

what

and

to another

of ihese-affairs-communication,

that

also

improper,

69

For,

Fortune-loss,

of mind-distress,

at

home

malpractices

and,

the being cheated and,

the being slighted

and,

the wise

not

should

make public. (127)

Also

and,

Age,

wealth,

at home-trouble,

design-love-medicine,

penance-liberality-dishouour

and,

nine (things)

to be concealed

carefully.

(128)

Thus

and

said,

Very-averse (being)

fortune,

in vain

the exertion

and

human,

n of the wise

- n
whence
comfort?
(129)

poor,

(different)

from the forest

other

*Hsfl f^T?T ^fT^ ^rPT^I

Again
and,

?J
not

The wise

dies

rather,

to misery

but

he goes,

^rft f^RTW^T^rf?f
even
to extinction

n-nY
not

^^rrf^ 'aftrnrt
fire

\^

goes,

goes

to coldness.

(130)

?j
Moreover,

*i

Of a

flower-cluster

as,

two

conditions

forsooth

of the wise,

$
of
all

u
or
in a forest.

at the

head

either

he

may

stand,

he may fade away

(131)

What

and

here

just

through begging

living,

that

exceedingly

reprobated.

*j?r:

<n:
Better

fwret^r *r%:

^rff^ft STW:
with the
life

For,

by one of wealth-deprived

satiated

fire,

not

an of civility-destitute

miserly

solicited

person.

(132)

70

Trft^rrffT^*^
From poverty
to

iftaf^TTT.*

^T^T<
shame-laden
s

shame

one goes,

of strength

one

is

deprived,

strengthless

one

is

oppressed,

from oppression

into despondency

one

falls,

v*

the despondent

to sorrow goes,

the sorrow-stricken

by reason

is

forsaken,

the reason-less

to destruction

goes,

Oh, poverty

of all-evils

the foundation. (133)

Moreover,

Better

silence

to be observed,

not

and

a word

spoken,

which untrue,

better

impotence

of men,

not

and

with another's-wife-intercourse,

better

life-abandonment,

not

and

in calumnious- words

delight,

better

alms-eating,

not

and

another's- wealth- tasting-pleasure.

(134)

Better

an empty

stable,

not

and

by any means

better

a vicious-bull,

better

a wanton

(as) wife,

not

but

an ill-mannered

noble-wife,

better

dwelling

in a wood,

not

but

in

an undiscriminating-ruler's-town,

better

life-abandonment,

not

but

of low persons

society.

(135)

Also and, Servitude

as

respect

totally,

moonlight

as

darkness,

old age

as

loveliness,

71

tI<TT
of Hari (and) -Horalegend
as
sin,

T^ft

II

<M

II

of virtues-a hundred

even

beggary

takes away. (136)

Thus

having reflected,

then

why

with another's-cake

myself

nourish ?

Oh, the misery

That

even

a second

death-gate.

*m:
For,

nsnrorfa <tff%<B

?F*ra?tfr

^ ^yf

Buds gathering

(superficial)

wisdom,

with money-purchased

and

love,

subsistence

and

on another-depending,

three

of

men

afflictions.

(137)

The

sick,

the long-exiled,

the anotLer's-bread-eating,

in another's-house-living,

what he

lives,

that death;

what death,

that

of him

the deliverance.

(138)

Thus

having
considered

also,

from
desire

again

even

wealth

to acquire

taking away

I made.

Thus

and

said,

Through

desire

reason

departs,

desire

produces

covetousness,

by covetousness-tormented

pain

experiences

hereafter

here

and

a man.

(139)

Then

slowly

slowly

creeping-on,

by that

Vinakarna

with a split-bamboo-piece

beaten

and,

reflected:

The wealth-desirous

indeed

discontented,

of unrestrained- mind,

of unsubdued-senses

72

all

verily

misfortunes

of him,

whose

content

not

mind.

(140)

Thus

and,

All

kinds of happiness

of him,

content

of

whom

the mind;

of him whose foot-is covered-with a shoe

is

not

with leather-covered

as

it

were

the earth ?

(141)

Another

and,

Of the with

the contentmentnectar- satiated

what happiness

of the placid-minded,

vr^r
whence
that

11

of the wealth-desirous

hither and thither

running?

(14'2)

V*

Vf

Moreover,

By him

read,

heard

by him,

by him

everything

accomplished,

by whom,

hopes

behind the back

having placed,

hope-freedom

depended upon. (143)

Also

and,

Not having

served-a

master's-door,

not having perceived-separation-pain,

not having uttered-an unmanly-word,

happy

of any

man

the

life.

(144)

For,

Not

a yojana-hundred

far

for one stricken

with covetousness,

of the contented

for the to

hand-come

even

treasure

is

not

regard.

(145)

Therefore

here

of (my) situatlon-suiting-action-discnmlnalion

better-

73

What

reliV'wn ?

for tlie living-

What

happiness ?

health

in the

world

of man.

compassion.

What

love?

a noble-state of mind.

What

wisdom?

discrimination.

(146)

^" ft
Thus
and,

tffS'ai
indeed

Discrimination

wisdom,

when

approached

misfortunes

of the without-discrimination-acling

misfortunes

will

be

at step

at step.

(147)

One should
give up

one

for a fumily's-sake,

for a village's-sakc

a family

one should
give

up

a village

for the

countryVsake,

for one's selfs-sake

the earth

one should give up. (148)

I

Wf
Again

qpffa ?T f^TT^rt ^TRf^ ^T

Water
either

WT Tff
food
or

and,

without-exertion,

sweet

with danger-attended,

having deliberated
N
.

indeed

I see,

that

happiness

where

ease.

(149)

Thus

having considered

the lonely-wood

approached.

For,

Better

a wood

by tigers-(and) elephantshaunted,

a tree-habitation

on ripe-fruits(and)watcr-living,

7PZIT
grass
for a bed,

a garment-(of) bark,

not

of friends-in the
iii

list

of one of wealth-deprivedthe living.

Afterwards,

through my-fortune's-(i.e. good works) rise (i.e. reward)

.

by

this

friend

with affection-continuity

^VTT
Now
and

^f

^THflMlMT^

H^T^TT
L

C ^$l*T

Tcf

^TT

ITHT*

I'avoured.

by fortunecontinuation

of you- the

a paradise

verily,

by me

found,

company,

74

For,

Of the

world's-poison-tree

two

here

delicious-fruits,

the poem-nectar-flavonr-tasting,

association

good-men

with.

(151)

^sror:
Eiches

Manthara

said

on the feet-the dust-resembling,

mountain-riversfleetness-like

youth,

vital strength

as a water-drop-trembiing-unsteady,

froth-like

life

virtue

who

not

practises

base-minded,

the heaven-bar-unbolting,

afterwards

repentance-seized,

by old ageoverpowered,

with the sorrow-fire

is

burnt.

(152)

By you

too much-accumulation

made

of

it

this

the fault

(i.e.

cause)

Listen

f%
Of accumulated
riches

giving

away

only

indeed

the preservation

of the in a pondVinterior-standing

a drain

as

of waters.

(153)

^RTW
Again

*^ft

sw: f%?ft R-^ Pr^^rrf ftriT^:

low low
in the

and,

When

ground

wealth

has buried

the miser,

n
a path

then

to a mansion below

to

go

he has made himself

beforehand.

(154)

Again

and,

His own-happiness

opposing

who

wealth-acquisition

wishes,

(or anolher's-sake

a burthen-bearer

as,

of pain

merely

indeed

a vessel.

(155)

75

V^'T

Wf^
riches
rich
if

Another

and,

Through of liberality-(and) enjoyment-deprived

(we are),

through the in the earth-caverns-buried

riches

rich

we.

(156)

Again

and,

Through non-enjoyment

common

of a miser

the wealth

with others,

'of him

this*

thus

the connection

at the loss

by pain

is

ascertained.

(157)

Liberality

by kind-wordsaccompanied,

knowledge

without-conceit,

with clemency-

heroism,

endowed

wealth

with liberality-connected,

difficult-to

be found

these

four-good things.

(158)

Said

and,

To be made

accumulation

constantly,

to

be made

not

exceedingaccumulation,

behold,

accumulation-practising

that

by a bow

jackal

slain.

(159)

Those two

say

How

that ?

Manthara

relates

There was

of Kalyfina-ka$aka-

an inhabitant,

Bhairava

by name,

a hunter.

He

and

one day

a deer

pursuing

to the Vindhya-forest

went

Afterwards

by him

the killed

deer

having taken up

going,

of formidable-appearance

a boar

seen.

By that

hunter the deer upon the ground

having

laid,

the boar

with an arrow

hit.

By the L2

boar

in turn

as of clouds-a terrible-roar

76

31TVV W^i^Jt
having made
that

VT

^f'^'st^,*)

TW
being

hunter

in the groin

wounded

a cut-tree

like

on the ground

fell-down.

For,

Water,

fire,

poison,

a weapon,

hunger-illness,

falling

from a rock,

II

II

a cause

(i.e.

accident)

of some kind

the corporeal being having encountered

of life

is

deprived. (160)

WT sfr
Then
of them

we.
a serpent
also
killed.

through the feet- trampling

Now

thereupon

ire
Dirgharava

by name,

a jackal,

roaming-about,

food-seeking,

those

dead

deer-hunter-serpent-boar

saw,

reflected

and:

Oh!

to-day

a great

meal

of me

fallen in the

way.

However,

Unthought-of

troubles

as

just

happen

to

men,

blessings

also

thus;

I think;

fate

in this

plays the chief part.

(161)

Then

be

it,

Of these

with the flesh

a month-triad

to

me

pleasantly

will pass.

Month

one

the

man

goes,

two

months

deer- (and) boar,

II

II

the sei-pent

one

day

goes!

to-day

to be eaten

the bow-string.

(162)

11

Then

in the first-desire of eating

this

unswcet

to the bow-fastened

sinew-string

I eat.

Thus

having

said,

thus

done

being,

being cut

the sinew-string,

by the up-springing

bow

in the heart

pierced,

that

Dirghar&va

to the dissolution into the five elements

gone.

Therefore

'

say

To be made

accumulation

constantly,'

etc.

Thus

and,

What he

gives,

what he

eats,

that alone

of a rich

man

the wealth

others

of the dead

sport

with the wife

also,

with the riches

also.

(163)

Moreover,

What

thou givest

to the distinguished,

what and thou

eatest

day by day,

that

ofthee

the wealth I

consider;

the rest

for

somebody

else

thou preservest. (164)

Let

it

go.

What

at present

with excessive-description

For,

Not

the unattainable

long

after,

the lost

not

wish

to

bewail,

in misfortunes

even

not

are perplexed

men

of wise-intellect.

(165)

Therefore,

friend,

always

by thee

full-of

energy

to be.

For,

Books

having read

even

they are

fools.

78

who

on the contrary

an active

man,

he

wise

'

a well-devised

alao

medicine

of the diseased

not

by the name-merely

effects

freedom-froin disease.

(166)

Again

and,

Not

a very-small

even

of the of exertion-afraid

produces

wisdom-precept

benefit

indeed,

of a blind

man (what ?)

on the palm-standing

even

^
here

n a lamp?
(167)

does

make

visible

an object

Then

here,

O friend,

in each special condition

tranquillity

to be

observed.

This

also

too-hard

by thee

not

to be considered.

For,

'

A king,

a noble wife,

the wise,

ministers likewise,

clouda,

from

(their) places-removed

not

shine,

teeth,

hairs,

nails,

men.

(168)

Thus

perceiving

a wise

man

his-place

not

should abandon,'

a weak man'sspeech

this.

ft
For,

PNn
go
lions,

(Their) country

quitting

brave-men,

elephants

79

there

even

to death

go

crows,

weak-men,

deer.

(169)

What

of a brave man,

of a wise,

his

own-country,

what

or

a strangecountry

likewise ?

to

wh&t

place

he comes,

that even

doea he

moke

through

his

arms-majesty-

acquired.

What

teeth-claws-tail- (having as) weapons,

a lion

wood
'

enters,

H \^>
in that verily

II

with the alain-elephant's-blood

the thirst

he quenches

of himself. (170)

Again

and,

A pool

as

frogs,

a lake

full

as

fishes,

':
(so) the exerting

^>

n (171)

man

approach

by themselves

all-fortunes.

Again

and,

Happiness

fallen to one's

one should
cherish

trouble

fallen to one's

likewise,

share

share

wheel -like

turn-round

troubles

and,

joys

and.

(172)

Again

and,

To

the exertion-endued,

unprocrastinating,

of action-the rules-knowing,

to vices

not-attached,

to a hero,

benefits-remembering,

one of steady-friendship

and,

Lakshmi

of her

own

accord

goes

for the sake of residing (with him).

(173)

80

Especially

and,

Without

even

riches

a hero

touches

of bonour-elevation-a place,

endowed

even

with riches

to of disgrace-a place

goes

the raiser

the from the inborn-nature

springing,

for virtue-multitude-acquirement-fit

splendour

of a lion (what ?)

dog

bearing-a gold-necklace

even

obtains? (174)

fs
'

uft
truly

3r fir
pride
to

Of riches

thus

me

why

possessed,'

with departedwealth

sorrow

I approach ?

the in the hand-placed-ball-like (are)

the sinkings- (and) risings

of men.

(175)

Again

and,

A cloud's-shadow,

of wicked-the friendship,

new-corn,

women,

for gome-time- (only) to

be enjoyed,

youth,

riches

and.

(176)

For the sake of not too much one should

a-livelihood
strive,

that

for

by the Creator

already provided

from the

womb

when comes

forth

a creature,

of the mother

stream

the breasts. (177)

Also

and,

friend,,

By whom

white-made

the geese,

the parrots

and

green-made,

n
the peacocks

^^

n
will

variegated

by whom,

He

for thee

a livelihood

provide. (178)

Again

and,

Of the good

the secret

hear,

friend,

81

They produce

in the acquisition

trouble,

they cause pain

in failures,

they infatuate

and

in success,

how

(are) riches

happiness-conferring

(179)

3T
Another
and,

For

religion's-sake

of whom

wealth-desire,

better

of him

freedom from -desire.

than

wiping off

for

of

mud

far

not-touching

better.

(180)

For,

As

truly

prey

in the air

by

birds,

by beasts

on earth

is

eaten,

in water

by

crocodiles,

thus

everywhere

the rich man.

(181)

From

a king,

from water,

from

fire,

from the robber,

from their ownpeople

likewise,

fear

of the rich

constantly,

from death

of the living

as.

(182)

?nrr ft
Thus
for,

srofr
In
life

*ai3*%

fir

^:^PR<T: V
what

^t

with troubles-abounding

possibly

pain

than this

greater?

n
desire-fulfilment

v=^
the desire

because

not

is,

because

and

not

ceases ?

(183)

Another

and,

brother,

hear:

Wealth

at first

not-easy-to obtained,

obtained

with difficulty

it is

preserved,

of the obtained-the loss

like

death,

therefore

of this

not

one should think. (184)

82

<r!rr
Covetousness

and

here

having abandoned,

who

poor

who

a lord ?

ftrw
of it
if

way

given,

servitude

and

at the

head

placed.

(185)

C Again

*I<K<4 f%

^Tf

and,

What

what

just

indeed

one

may

desire,

thence

the desire

starts,

11

^^

11

obtained

verily

in reality

that

object,

from which

the desire

turns away.

(186)

fif

What

with so

much

of my side of the question

With me

just

together

here

the time

may be spent.

For,

At-death-ending

the affections,

the anger

at that-moment-vanishing,

^ft f%
the gifts

and

free from-self- interest

are

truly

of the noble-minded.

(187)

Thus

having

heard

Laghupatanaka

says:

Happy

art thou,

Manthara,

in every

way

of praiseworthy-virtue

thou

art.

For,

The good

only

of the good

constantly

out of misfortune-to

lift-able,

I)

^t:

||

of elephants

into a mire-plunged

elephants

only

the burthen-bearers (rescuers).

(188)

To

be praised

that

alone

on earth

of men,

83

he

the greatest,

a good man,

he

happy,

of

whom

the needy

either,

the refuge -taking

or,

II

^-

II

not

broken-hoped

with averted-faces

go away.

(189)

Then

thus

those

according to their-desire-feeding- (and) sporting

making

contented

happily

dwell.

Now

one-day

Chitraiiga-named

a deer

by somebody

frightened

there having approached was met.

Thence

after approaching the deer having seen,

danger

suspecting,

Manthara the water entered,

the

mouse

and

to the hole

went,

the crow

also

up-flying

a tree

ascended.

Then

by Laghupatanaka,

very-far

having looked,

'

fear-cause

not

'

any

approaches

thus

was considered.

Afterwards

upon

his

word

having arrived

again

all

having met

there

just

seated.

By Manthara

said

Hail

deer,

welcome!

According to your-wish,

of water-etc. consisting-food

may be

enjoyed.

By

here

residing

forest

this

with a lord -may be endowed.

Chitranga

says:

By

a hunter- frightened

of you

the
i!

protection
2

approached.

You

with

84

friendship

I wish.

Hiranyaka

said

Friendship

truly

us

with

by you

without-trouble

met.

For,

One's

own offspring, one formed by connection,

likewise

one in race-line-descended,

ilft
one rescued

from dangers

and,

a friend

to be

known

of four-kinds.

(190)

Therefore

here

by you

from your own-house-without a difference

may be

remained.

That

having heard

the deer,

full of-joy

being,

according to his-desire-feeding

making,

water

drinking,

in a water-near standing-tree's-shade

settled.

Then,

by Manthara

said

Friend

deer,

in this

lonely

forest

by whom

frightened

art thou ?

Ever

(do)

hunters

walk about

By

the deer

said

There

is

in the Kalinga-country

Rukmangada

by name

a prince.

He

and

by

the world-

conquest-business-course

having approached,

on the ChandrabhS.ga'-bank

having

pitched-his

camp

resides,

In the morning

and

he

here

having arrived

in the

Karpura-lake-proximity

will be,' thus

of the hunters

from the mouth

a report

85

in

beard.

Therefore

here

also

in the

morning

residing

(is)

fear-cause having,

thus

considering

according to-the occasion-action

may be

undertaken.

That

having heard

the

tortoise

with-fear

says

To

another-water-reservoir

I go.

The crow-

(and) -mo use

also

said:

So

be

it.

Then

Hiranyaka

smiling

said:

Another-waterreservoir

being reached,

of Manthara

welfare

on the land

of the going

what

help

For,

Water

of water-animals,

a fort

of the in the fort-residing,

^iM<i4>rt
of beasts,

TTW ^^t ^t
etc.,

TO*

II

their

own- place

of kings

a minister

the chief

strength.

(191)

Friend

Laghupatanaka,

through

this

advice

thus

to be fared

Himself

having seen

as

of his wife

pressed

the bosom-bud,

ciftnro^T

SHW^t^Pt

<^%^ ^Tft^f%
.

II

V-^

II

the merchant's-son

became

sad;

thou

thus

just

wilt be.

(192)

rf

Wt

*^*Md
:

fT^ ^^* ^f^?f?f

1

They

said

How

that ?

Hiranyaka

relates

There

is

in the

Kanyakubja-

TT^T
country

Viraseua

by name

a king.

By him

in the

Virapura-named

town

86

wr:

Tungabala

byname

a prince

governor

appointed.

He

and

of great- wealth,

young,

one-day

in his-town

perambulating

in full-blown

youth

Lavanyavati

rra:

^rs*9

f^r

wrhaving gone

by name

a merchant's-son's-wife saw.

Then

to his-palace

by love-

disturbed-in

mind

on her account

a female messenger

he dispatched.

For,

On the right-path

so long

he remains,

master is
s

man
s

so long

only

of the senses,

shame

so long

he

has,

decency also

he maintains

so long

only,

by the eyebrows-bow-drawn back-(and)

darted,

to the ear-reaching,

black-feathered

those

as

of fair-ones

not

into the heart

the steadiness-stealing

look-arrows

fall.

(193)

She

also

Lavanyavati

him-seeing-the

moment

from

by the Love-arrow-stroke-

broken-hearted

of him-alone-thinkin

was.

TT^T
Thus
for said,

Untruth,

violence,

fraud,

envy

and

extreme-covetousness,

t ^t^rr:
want-of virtue,
impurity,

of

women

the faults

from their-nature-springing.

(194)

Now

the messenger's-word

having heard

Lavanyavati

said

husband-devoted

87

how

in this

unrighteousness,

husband-imposition,

I engage ?

For,

She

a wife,

who

in the

house

clever

she

a wife

who

prolific,

she

a wife

whose

husband-is her

life,

she

a wife

who

husband-devoted.

(195)

Not

she

'

a wife

'

thus

to be called,

with whose

husband

not

is

gratified,

being gratified

the husband

of women,

gratified

all-divinities.

(196)

therefore

whatever

commands of me the

life-lord,

that

only

without-examination

do.

By

the messenger

said:

Quite true

this?

Lavanyavati

said:

Certainly,

true

this.

Then by the messenger having gone

that that

all

ofTuhgabala

in the presence

reported.

That having heard

Tungabala said

'
:

By

the husband,

having led (her) near,

she

is

to

be surrendered,'

how

this

possible?

The procuress

said:

A stratagem

be made.

mjl<H ft
By
a stratagem
truly

Thus and

said,

what

possible,

not

that

possible

by valour,

34*1

M4

f <ff
slain

^^t* *!^<TT
an elephant,

W^cWTT
going

II

\*~^

II

by a jackal

on a swamp-way.

(197)

The

prince

asks

How

that ?

She

relates

There

is

in the

Brahma-wood

88

Karpuratilaka

by name

an elephant.

Him

having seen

all

the jackals

thought

If

he

by some

stratagem

dies,

then

of us

through his-body

of a month- tetrad

food

will be.

There

by one

old-jackal

promised

By me

through-intellect-

superiority

of him

the death

to be accomplished

Thereupon

that

cheat

Xarpuratilaka-near

having gone

with-of the eight-limbs-prostration

having saluted

said

Sire,

look-favour

make.

The elephant

says

Who

thou,

whence

>

approached

He

said

jackal

by

all

wood-inhabiting

animals,

after

having met,

to your-presence

despatched.

Because

without

a king

to

remain

not

proper,

therefore

here

in the forest-sovereignty

to be inaugurated

you

with all-lord's-virtues-endowed

selected.

*u
Who
by race-descent- (and) conduct
very-pure,
majestic,

For,

just,

behaviour-clever,

he

as a master

is fit

on earth.

(198)

^nf ^ Vm
Another
and

TT^T4 TW*

fi^rT?ft
he should

^T^T
find,

rf??t

see,

A king

first

then

a wife,

then

riches,

89

a king

not-being

in this

world,

whence

a wife,

whence

riches?

(199)

Again

and,

Cloud-like

of the living

a support

an earth-lord,

it

v*

ii

failing

also

for

a cloud

it is lived,

not

but

an earth-lord

(failing).

(200)

In the allotted-office-remaining

generally

through the rod-use

in the

world on another-dependent

this;

difficult- to

be found one of good-character;

a meagre

also,

defective

or,

sick

or,

poor

or

husband

also

a noble

woman

through the rod- fear approaches.

(201)

Therefore

that

the lucky-moment

not

passes away,

thus

acting,

with-haste

may

be approached

by your highness.

Thus

having spoken,

rising

(he) went.

Then

that

by the

sovereignty -desire-attracted

Karpuratilaka

on

the

jackal's-way

running

in a great-mire

immersed.

Then

by that

elephant

said

Friend

jackal,

what

now

to

be done?

in a mire

fallen

I;

I die

turning back

look!

By

the jackal

smiling

said:

Sire,

of

me

tail-holding

haviug made

rise.

Because

ofme-like in word

bythee confidence placed, therefore

may be suffered

helpless

pain.

Thus

and

said

Jf

of the good-society-deprived

thou wilt be,

thou wilt be,

then

into bad-men's-coaipanies

thou wilt

fall,

thou wilt

fall.

(202)

Then

into the great-mire

plunged

the elephant

by the jackals

eaten.

Therefore

s
I

nr
say
:

^T*
a stratagem

*^*jan
truly

By

what

possible,

etc.

Then

by

the procuress'-

advice

that

Charudatta-named

merchant's-son

that

prince

(his) attendant

made.

Then

he

by him

in all- confidence- affairs

(was) employed.

One day

by that

prince

bathed- (and) anointed

gold-jewel-ornaments-bearing

announced

To-day beginning

for

month one

the

Gauri-vow
C

to

be performed.

Therefore

hither

every-night

one

noble

virgin

having led

surrender (her).

She

by me

ff?T:

in the usual

manner

to be honoured.

Then

that

Charudatta

such a one

quite-young

having led near

surrenders.

Afterwards

concealed

being,

what

he

does?

thus

espies.

That

and

Tungabala

that

maiden

not-touching

even

91

from afar

with garments-ornaments-perfumes-sandal wood

Laving honoured,

a guardian

having given, sends away.

Now

by the mcrchant's-son, that having-scen, with increasedconfidence,

with by

covetousness-attracted-mind,

his-wife

Lavanyavati

having led near

(she was)

surrendered.

He

and

Tungabala

that

heart-beloved

Lavanyavali

having recognised,

with-haste

up-jumping,

ardently embracing,

with half-closed-eyes,

on a sofa

her

with

sported.

That

seeing

the merchant's-son

picture

like

perplexed-what to do

to

extreme

sadness

went.

Therefore

say

Himself

having seen,

etc.

Thus

by thee

also

will

be fared.

That

friend's-word

not

regarding

with great

fear

perplexed

as

it

were

that

water-reservoir

having

left

Manthara

went.

They

also

Hiranyaka,

etc.

from

affection,

(something) unwished

?m:
Then
on the land
going

apprehending

Manthara

follow.

by some

hunter,

the forest

perambulating,

Manthara

caught.

Having caught

him,

having seized,

having

lifted,

to the

bow

having bound,

walking about,

through fatigue by hungcr(and) thirst-troubled

M 2

92

towards-his-house

(he)

went.

Now

the deer-crow-mouse

to

extreme grief

coming

him

followed.

Then

Hiranyaka

laments

Of one

trouble

not

while

to the

end

go

I,

to the shore

as

of the ocean,

then

a second

approached

to me,

in

damages

the evils

are multiplied.

(203)

By

his inborn-nature

but

who

a friend,

by fortune

only

he

is

produced,

therefore

one of unfeigned-friendship

in misfortunes

also

not

does one give up. (204)

Not

in a mother,

not

in a wife,

not

in a brother,

not

and

in one's

own offspring,

confidence

such

of men,

as

in a friend

by

his

inborn-nature-become (one). (205)

Thus

repeatedly

having thought (he cried out)

Oh,

the hard-fate

For,

The by

one's own-actions'-spreading-wrought

at other times-reverting-good- (and) evil,

(are) here

already

experienced

by me

at least

those,

like

different-births,

different conditions.

(206)

"sU

Or, thus verily

this,

The body

baa destructionclose to
it,

happiness

the place

for misfortunes,

meeting

with-departure connected,

everything

born

(is) frail.

(207)

Again

having reflected

he says

From

sorrow-enemies- (and)

danger-a protection

of affection (and) confidence-a vessel,

by whom

jewel

this

'

created,

Mitra'

thus

the syllable-couple ?

(208)

Moreover

A friend,

a pleasure-elixir

of the eyes,

a delight

of the mind,

a vessel

that

in happiness(and) trouble

together

might be

with the friend,

that

hard-to find

And

what

other

friends

in success-time,

with wealth-desire-filled,

they

everywhere

meet (us)

but the truthtouch stone

of them

(is) adversity.

(209)

Thus much having lamented Hiranyaka toChitr&nga-(and)Laghup.

says:

So long as

this

hunter

from the

forest

not

goes

away,

so

long

Manthara

to

rescue

an

effort

may be made.

They both

said

With-haste

what

to be

done

may be

told.

Hiranyaka

says

Chitrunga

to the water-near

having gone

dead-like

himself

may show,

the crow

and

over him

standing

with the beak

somewhat

may

peck.

\*

Now

by that

hunter

there,

the tortoise

having

left,

for the deer's-flesh-desirous,

with-haste

will

be gone.

Then

ofManthara

the tie

shall cut;

having approached

the hunter,

by you

to

be

fled.

By

Chitranga- (and) Laghupatanaka,

quickly

having gone,

thus

accomplished

being,

that

hunter,

tired,

water

having drunk,

under a tree

seated

in

such a

the deer

saw.

Then

the knife

having taken,

condition

with rejoicing-mind

near to the deer

proceeded.

There

meanwhile

by Hiranyaka

having approached,

of Manthara

the

tie

cut.

That

tortoise

with-haste

the water-reservoir

entered.

That

deer

near

that

hunter

perceiving,

rising*

escaped.

Returning

the hunter

while

the tree-foot

he approaches,

then the tortoise

not-seeing,

reflected

Proper

only

this

for

me,

not-circumspectly-acting-

*ra:
For,

^V v^rfw
He who

^R:?^ ^pifw f%i^

forsaking

certain (things)

uncertain (things)

attends

to,

f%
the certain (things)
of him
perish,

ii

^\

II

the uncertain

is

perished

already.

(210)

Then

he

through-his own-action

disappointed

the

camp

entered.

Manthara,

etc.

95

II

all

freed-from misfortune

to their-place

having gone

happily

remained.

N*

Then

by the princes

with-joy

said

All

having heard

pleased

we.

Accomplished

of us

what

(was) desired.

Visbnusarraan said

With

so

much

of you

Ws
the desire
fulfilled,

further

also

this

may be

friend

acquire ye,

O, good-men

with the nations

Lakshmi

may

dwell

wrrar:
Princes

^MM^ri
protect

^ 'prt
:

ai^c^w
constantly

f%<rr:

may

the earth,

in their-duty

standing;

it

may remain

for the mind-gratification

of the virtuous

Niti,

a new-bride-like,

of you;

prosperity

may

cause

of the people

the venerable,

who has

the moon's-half- (211)

for his crest-jewel.

tft
Thus
in the Hitopadeia,

Friend-acquisition

by name

the first-storycollection

finished.

fr

PLEASE

DO NOT REMOVE

CARDS OR SUPS FROM THIS POCKET

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37^1 H5 1884

Hitopadesa The first book of the Hitopadesa