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Process Rotating Equipment (Centrifugal Pumps)
Process Rotating Equipment (Centrifugal Pumps)
Process Rotating Equipment (Centrifugal Pumps)
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Pumps can be divided into two main groups:
Displacement pumps
Dynamic pumps
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Casing
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Partially filled
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Grease lubricated
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Chain coupling
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Yemen LNG Technical Training Slide No:
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
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Volute
Diffuser Single stage Regenerative - Turbine Multi stage Mixed-flow Can Horizontal Submersible
Axial-flow (propeller)
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
HEAD ON A PUMP The amount of energy transferred to the fluid in a centrifugal pump is called the head of the pump. Head is not the same as pressure. This is a very important concept, which will be explained in the following paragraphs
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Absolute pressure
is the pressure above absolute zero.
It may be above or below the atmospheric pressure existing at the point under consideration.
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Head: a column of water or other liquid in a vertical pipe exerts a certain pressure (force per unit area) on the horizontal surface at the bottom of the pipe. This pressure can be expressed in pounds per square inch (psi) or as the number of feet of liquid, which exert an equal pressure on the same surface. The weight of the column of liquid producing the pressure in question is known as the head on the surface. Note that is the weight of the liquid acting on the surface that produces the pressure.
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Static Head:
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Vapour Pressure:
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Static Suction Lift:
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Static Discharge Head:
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Total Static Head Total static head on a pump is the vertical distance, in feet, between the supply level and the discharge level of the liquid being handled. Friction Head: Measured in feet of the liquid handled, this is the equivalent head needed to overcome the resistance of the pipe, valves, and fitting in the pumping system, friction head exists on both the suction and discharge sides of a pump, and varies with liquid flow rate, pipe size, interior condition of the pipe, type of pipe, and nature of the liquid being handled.
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Yemen LNG Technical Training Slide No:
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
NPSH definition: Total inlet pressure, in meters or feet of liquid pumped determined at the pump suction connection (i.e. suction flange), minus the vapour pressure of the liquid pumped in meters or feet of liquid pumped at pumping temperature.
Two NPSH definitions are used in pumping systems : Net Positive Suction Head available (NPSHa), Net Positive Suction Head required (NPSHr).
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Cavitaion
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Pitting accompanying cavitation in a Centrifugal pump
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