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CHAPTER 15 PROBABILITY II
Probability of an Event number of outcomes in A n( A) P ( A) = number of outcomes in S = n( S ) , where 0 P ( A) 1 Questions Based on Examination Format 1. District Residential School P 2 Q 3 R 5

Non-residential school 3 4 2

The table above shows the number of residential and non-residential schools in three district P, Q and R. The probability that Lina will be sent to district P, Q, or R is the same. Calculate the probability that Lina will be sent to a) a residential school in district Q b) a non-residential school 2. Hassan and Lee represented their school in either a quiz or a debate. The probabilities that 3 4 Hassan and Lee represent the school in a quiz are and respectively. Calculate the 5 7 probability that a) Hassan represents the school in a quiz and Lee represents the school in the debate, b) Hassan and Lee represented the school in the same competition. 3.
C O U R T E O U S

Nine alphabetic cards above are placed in a box. Two cards are picked at random from the box, one after another without replacement. Calculate the probability that a) The first card is O and the second card is not O. b) Both the cards picked have the same alphabet. Box E Box F 4.

Black card 4 7 White card 3 2 The table above shows the number of black cards and white cards in box E and box F. Ros takes a card randomly from box E. If the card taken is black, the card is returned to the box. If the card is white, the card is put into box F. Then, a second card is taken from box F. Calculate the probability that Ros takes a) Black card from box E followed by a white card from box F, b) A black card from box F. 5. In a survey carried out on a group of 18 arts enthusiasts. 10of them like music and the rest like painting. Two people are chosen at random from the group. Calculate the probability that a) Both of them like music b) Both of them have the same interest.

Probability II

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6. Zul and Sidek played two games. The probability that Zul wins the first game is probability that Zul wins the second game is a draw. Calculate the probability that a) Zul wins both the games b) Zul wins any of the games.

1 . The 3

2 . The results of the two games cannot end in 5

7. During the coming school holiday, the probabilities of Lina visiting Cameron Highlands and 2 3 Genting Highlands are and respectively. Calculate the probability that Lina 5 7 a) visiting Cameron Highlands and Genting Highlands b) visit Cameron Highlands or Genting Highlands 8. Sue and Liza choose to register in either school A or school B. The probabilities that Sue and 1 3 Liza choose school A are and respectively. Calculate the probability that 3 4 a) Sue chooses school A and Liza chooses school B. b) Sue and Liza choose the same school. 9. Student Zul Hamdan The probability of joining the Science stream Arts stream. 2 1 3 6 3 2 1 0 5

The table above shows the probabilities that Zul and Hamdan will join the Science stream or the Arts stream after completing form three. Calculate the probability that a)Zul and Hamdan will join the Science stream b) one of them joins the Science stream and the other joins the Arts stream. 10.
T 10. T
T A A B E

The cards above are put into a box. A card is drawn at random from the box. If the card drawn is T, the card is replaced. If the card is not T, the card is not replaced. Then, a second card is drawn at random from the box. Calculate the probability that a)both the card drawn are marked T b) one of the card is marked T

15.5

Past Year SPM Questions

Probability II

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November 2003 1. Diagram 5 shows the route of a vehicle which carries a group of volunteers. The group consists of 7 males and 5 females who are dropped off at random to sell flags at various points along the routes. Taman Aman
Other places Starting point

a) If two volunteers are dropped off at Taman Aman, calculate the probability that both are males. b) Two volunteers of different gender are dropped off at Taman Aman. If two other volunteers are then dropped off at Taman Sentosa, calculate the probability that at least one of them is female. [5 marks] July 2004 2. Table 1 shows the number of pupils attending a motivation camp. Number of Pupils School Boys Girls School A 8 7 School B 7 3 Two pupils from the group are required to take part in a show. a) If a pupil is chosen at random from school A and another one from school B, calculate the probability that both are girls. b) If two pupils are chosen at random from the group of boys, calculate the probability that both are from the same school.

Taman Sentosa

[5 marks]

November 2004 3. Table 1 shows the number of coupons in two boxes, A and B. The coupons are of various values, RM1, RM2 and RM5. Students are given coupons as an incentive for selling bookmarks. Number of Coupons RM1 RM2 RM5 1 6 8 2 5 3

Box A B

Students selling more than 100 bookmarks are given the chance to draw at random a coupon from box A. Students selling less than 100 bookmarks are given the chance to draw at random a coupon from box B. Ali sells 120 bookmarks. Lim sells 52 bookmarks. Find the probability that a) Both of them draw a RM5 coupon. b) The total value of the two coupons drawn by them is less than RM4.

[5 marks]

Probability II

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July 2005 4. Diagram below shows the route of a cross-country event of a school. Station E Station D Start/ End Station A Station B

Station C

A group of 8 boys and 6 girls from the St. John Ambulance Brigade have been chosen for duty for the event. All of them will be taken by a van to be placed for duty at various stations. The van travels to station A, then Station B, then station C, and so on. a) Two pupils from a group are chosen at random for duty at Station A. Calculate the probability that both are girls. b) Two girls from the group are placed for duty at Station A. Two other pupils are then chosen at random for duty at Station B. Calculate the probability that they are of different gender to each other.

[5 marks]

November 2005 5. A group of 5 boys and 4 girls take part in a study on the type of plants found in a reserved forest area. Each day, two pupils are chosen at random to write the report. a) Calculate the probability that both pupils chosen to write the report on the first day are boys. b) Two boys do write the report on the first day. They are then exempted from writing the report on the second day. Calculate the probability that both pupils chosen to write the report on the second day are of the same gender.

[5 marks]

July 2006 6. Table below shows the number of teachers in a two-session school. Session Morning Afternoon Number of teachers Men Women 6 10 4 8

Two teachers from the school are chosen at random to attend an assembly of Teachers Day at the state level. Calculate the probability that both teachers chosen a) are men, [5 marks] b) are from the same session

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7. November 2006 In a quiz contest, there are three categories of questions consisting of 5 questions on sports, 3 questions on entertainment and 7 questions on general knowledge. Each question is placed inside an envelope. All of the envelopes are similar and put inside a box. All the participants of the quiz contest are requested to pick at random two envelopes from the box. Find the probability that the first participant picks a) the first envelope with a sport question and the second envelope with an entertainment question, b) two envelopes with questions of the same category.

[5 marks]

8. June 2007 Table 1 shows the number of a group of students in Form 1 Alpha and Form 1 Beta who are entitled to receive school bags.

Form 1 Alpha Gender Boys Girls

Table 1 Two students from the group are chosen at random to receive a school bag each. Find the probability that both students chosen A are boys B are girls from the same class [5 marks]

1 Beta 6 2

3 5

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9. November 2007 Diagram 4 shows ten labeled cards in two boxes.

2
Box P

Box Q Diagram 4 A card is picked at random from each of the boxes. By listing the outcomes, find the probability that A both cards are labeled with a number B one card is labeled with a number and the other card is labeled with a letter. [5 marks] 10. June 2008 Two students are chosen at random to arrange books in the library. They are chosen from a group of 2 boys and 3 girls. By listing the sample space of the possible outcomes of the events, find the probability that a) two girls are chosen, b) at least one boy is chosen. 11. November 2008

Diagram 10 shows three numbered cards in box P and two cards labeled with letters in
box Q.

3
P

Y
Q Diagram 10

A card is picked at random from box P and then a card is picked at random from box Q. By listing the sample of all possible outcomes of the event, find the probability that a) a card with an even number and the card labeled Y are picked, b) a card with a number which is multiple of 3 or the card labeled R are picked. [5 marks]

Probability II

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ANSWERS
15.4 Questions according to Examination Format 1
1 3 1 = 3 7 7 1 3 1 4 1 2 17 + + = 3 5 3 7 3 7 35 3 3 9 = 5 7 35 3 4 2 3 18 + = 5 7 5 7 35 2 7 7 = 9 8 36 2 1 2 1 1 + = 9 8 9 8 18 4 2 8 = 7 9 63 4 7 3 7 67 + = 7 9 7 10 90 10 9 5 = 18 17 17 10 9 8 7 73 + = 18 17 18 17 153 1 2 2 = 3 5 15 1 3 2 2 7 + = 3 5 3 5 15 2 3 6 = 5 7 35 2 4 3 3 2 3 23 + + = 5 7 5 7 5 7 35 1 1 1 = 3 4 12 1 3 2 1 5 + = 3 4 3 4 12 2 3 1 = 3 10 5 2 2 3 1 19 + = 3 5 10 6 60

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10

3 3 9 = 7 7 49 3 4 4 3 26 + = 7 7 7 6 49

15.5 SPM Past Year Questions 1. SPM 2003

7 6 7 = 12 11 22 4 3 4 6 6 4 2 + + = 10 9 10 9 10 9 3 5 3 3 = 13 10 26 8 7 7 6 7 + = 15 14 15 14 15 8 3 4 = 15 10 25 1 2 1 5 6 2 19 + + = 15 10 15 10 15 10 150 6 5 15 = 14 13 91 8 4 4 8 16 + = 12 11 12 11 33 5 4 5 = 9 8 18 3 2 4 3 3 + = 7 6 7 6 7 10 9 5 = 28 27 42 16 15 12 11 31 + = 28 27 28 27 63

2. SPM 2004 J

3. SPM 2004

4. SPM 2005 J

5. SPM 2005

6. SPM 2006 J

Probability II

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7. SPM 2006

5 3 1 = 15 14 14 5 4 3 2 7 6 34 + + = 15 14 15 14 15 14 105 8a) 80
1 21

8. SPM 2007 J

8b) 28 9b) 12
5

11

9. SPM 2007 N

9a) 12

10. SPM 2008 J

10) S = { B1G1 , B1G2 , B1G3 , B2 G1 , B2 G2 , B2 G3 } 10a) 10

3

10b)

7 10

11. SPM 2008 N

11) S = {(2, Y ), ( 2, R ), (3, Y ), (3, R ), (6, Y ), (6, R)} 11a) 1 3 11b) 6

5

Probability II