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CHAPTER 4 QUADRATIC EXPRESSIONS AND EQUATIONS

4.1 Quadratic Expression
A quadratic expression is an expression of the form ax2 + bx + c where a, b and c are constants, a 0 and x is an unknown.

Factorisation of Quadratic Expressions using the cross method.

Example : Factorise each of the following : 1 x2 + 5x + 6 = (x + 2)(x + 3) x x x2 2 3 +6 2x 3x 5x (ii) x2 + 6 x + 8 Exercise (i) x2 + 7 x + 10

2 x2 7x + 12 = (x 3)(x 4) x x x2 3 4 +12 3x 4x 7x

(i) x2 5x + 6

(ii) y2 8y + 15

Quadratic Expressions and Equations

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Solution of Quadratic Equations

First, write the quadratic equation in the form ax2 + bx + c = 0 , a 0. Then factorise and write in the form of (x + a)(x + b) = 0 Thus x + a = 0 or x + b = 0 And x = - a, x = - b.

Questions based on the examination format

1. Solve (f 1)(f 2) 6 = 0
2.
2 7. Solve the equations p =

Solve the equation

2n 2 3 =1 5n

1 (3 5 p) . 2
h2 3 . h

8 . Solve the equation 5 h =

3. Solve the following equation 3m2 = 2(m-3) + 11. 9. Solve equation 4. Solve the equation y 2 + 3 = 7( y 1) 5. Solve the equation
2m 2 3m =2 m +6

2 n2 + 6 =1 11n

6. Solve the equation k =

2k 2 + 3 . 7

10. Solve the equation x2 - 3x + 2 = 2(x - 1)

Past Year SPM Questions 1. November 2003 Solve the equation 3x2 = 2(x 1) + 7. 2. July 2004 Solve the quadratic equation 3. November 2004
2m 2 + m 5 =2. Solve the equation m+ 1

3 2 p p = + 2. 4 2

4. July 2005
7 2 Solve the quadratic equation 2m 1 = m . 2

5. November 2005

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Solve the quadratic equation

2k 2 5 =3k . 3

6. July 2006 Solve the quadratic equation 2 x 2 + 3 x =15 + 2 x. 7. November 2006 Solve the quadratic equation

3 x ( x 1) = x +6 2

8. June 2007 Using factorization, solve the following quadratic equation 5 x 2 + 8 x = 6 5 x 9. Nov 2007 Using factorization, solve the following quadratic equation 4 x 2 15 = 17 x 10. June 2008 Solve the quadratic equation x(2 x + 1) = 2 x 2 11 Nov 2008 Solve the quadratic equation x 1 =

6 3x 2x

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ANSWERS
Questions based on examination format 1 5 f = -1, 4 m= 2 n= k= 1 ,3 2 3 7 5 , -1 3 1 P= , -3 2 m= 4 8 y = 5, 2 h=
1 ,3 2

6 3 ,4 2 9 10 3 n= ,4 2 SPM Past Year Questions 1 5 9

5 ,1 3 1 k = ,5 2 x=

1 , -3 2 x = 1, 4

2 6 10

4 p = ,2 3 5 x = ,3 2

3 7 11

m=

1 ,2 2 4 x = ,3 3

4 8

m=

1 ,2 4

2 x = , 3 5

3 x = , 5 4

2 x = , 1 3

3 x = , 2 2

Quadratic Expressions and Equations