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Chapter 4.2 Algebraic Fractions ENRICH
Chapter 4.2 Algebraic Fractions ENRICH
4.2
Important Concepts Definition : An Algebraic Fraction is a fraction with algebraic expressions as its numerator
or/ and denominator. Examples :
1 x 3 p q , , 4m 2x 2q
Skill assessed : Addition and subtraction of algebraic fractions. (Subtraction is more popular in the SPM) Simplify algebraic fractions. Usual format of questions: Express as a single fraction in its lowest term. Example: Express
q 6 1 as a fraction in its lowest term. 2q 6q 2
Solutions: ( q 6) (1) = 2q 6q 2 =
( q 6) (1) 3q 2q 3q 6q 2 3q ( q 6) 6q 2
3q q + 6 6q 2 2q + 6 6q 2
L.C.M is 6q2
2(q + 3) = 6q 2
q +3 3q 2
Solving Strategy: Insert brackets on both the numerators. Find the L.C.M for the denominators. the numerator and denominator with the same expression. Simplify the two numerators by expansion(multiply by the expression) Add or subtract the algebraic expressions. Express your answer as a single fraction. Simplify to its lowest term. Common Mistakes: Students did not change the sign of numerator during the process of subtraction of the Fraction. Students did not express the answer as a single fraction. Students did not simplify their answer so that it is in its lowest term. Questions based on examination format
Algebraic Fractions
Enrich
1.
2. 3 x +
3m n m2 n2 3m + n m 2 mn 2 4 t 2 3t 9t
C D
3m + n m 2 + mn 3m n m 2 mn
A B
3x 2 + 5x x 3 x 2 +1 5x
3.
4.
p 1 p 3m m A B
A B
5t + 4 9t 2 t 2 9t 2
C D
5t 4 9t 2 t +2 9t 2
pm 3m p 3m 2 pm 3m + p 3m 2
C D
4 p 3 3m 2 p 3 3m
5.
3 7 y 5y 25 y 2
6.
y 4 25 y 2 y +4 25 y 2
6 +d 2e + d 3d de
A B
16 y 7 25 y 2 14 y 7 25 y 2
C D
e 3 3e 12 e + de 3d 3de e +3 B 3e
de 6e 3d 3de
7.
2 y +1 6 x xy 3x
8.
4 x +y 3x y 3 + xy 3 xy
k k 2 1 3 3k
A B
3 xy 3 xy 1 +x 3 xy
C D
A B
2 k 2 +1 3k 1 2k 2 3k
1 3k D 1 3k
9.
1 2 x 1 x 6x
10.
5 x 3x 7 x 3x
6 6 + 3m m 2 m ( m 2)
7 2x 6x 5 2x 6x
3m m 2 3 m 2
2 m 3 m
Algebraic Fractions
Enrich
11.
1 2h 1 5h 10 h 2
A
12.
1 10 h
2 2 w . 3w 5w 2
A
1 10 h 2
1 5h
1 6 y 3x 15 xy
13 w 6 15 w 2
9 1 w 5
7w 2 15 w 2
8 1 w 5
h 1 5h 2
13.
14.
2( y 1) 5 xy
2 y 1 5 xy
2( y 3) 15 xy
y 1 1 xy 5
15.
5 4k 5 k +5 k ( k + 5)
16.
9 y y ( y + 3) y +3
1 k 5 k
4k k +5
k 5 k ( k +5)
9 + y2 y ( y +3)
9 y y +3
3y y 3+y y
17.
x +5 2 x 5x x A 2 x 10 5x 6x + 5 5x C 4 x 10 5x 6x 5 5x
18.
2 4n 1 3n 9n 2
A
1 2n 9n 2 2n +1 9n 2
m 3 2 m 3m m
2n 1 9n 2 6 n +1 9n 2
19.
1 p 6 2p 6 p2 1 A p
20. C
p 3 3p2 2 p +1 p2
2m 9 3m 4m 9 3m
2m 9 3m 4m 3 m
p +3 3p2
July 2004
7
Enrich
1) A
h +3 2 h 3h h
2) 2h 3 3h
m +4 2(1 3m) 2 3
2h 3 3h
2h + 1 3h
A
B
2 5m 6 7m + 2 6
C D
15 m +8 6 8 9m 6
4h 3 3h
November 2004 3.
July 2005 4.
2 4n 3n 9n 2
A.
7 m 4 12 m 4m 2
A
7n 4 9n 2 5n 4 9n 2
n 2 9n 2 n +2 9n 2
m 1 3m 2 m 3 3m 2
m 3 3m 2 m +3 3m 2
B.
B.
November 2005 5.
p 1 p 3m m
July 2006 6. 4 p 3 3m
2 p 3 3m m 1 m + n 2n
pm 3m p 3m 2 pm 3m + p 3m 2
1 +m 2n n +m 2n
1 2n 2
1 3n
B Jun 2007
November 2006
7.
m 2 Simplify (3n + mn ) 2 n ( m + 3n )
9. Express
A. B.
m n
C. D.
m2 n2
3m 2 4n
A.
m n2
n 2 n 1 mn n2 + n 3 mn
C.
n 2 n +1 mn n2 + n + 3 mn
B.
D.
Algebraic Fractions
Enrich
November 2007
p 3 p + 2 8. Express as a single fraction in p p2 its simplest form.
Jun 2008
10. Express
A.
3 p p p
C.
2
3 + p p p2
A.
p 2 3 p2 p2 6 2 p2
C.
p2 + 2 p 3 p2 p2 + 4 p 6 2 p2
B.
3 p p p2
D.
3 + p p p2
B.
D.
h 3 2(5 h) as a single h h2
h 2 2h 13 h2 h 2 2h 13 h2
h 2 h 10 h2 h 2 2h 10 h2
C.
B.
D.
Algebraic Fractions
Enrich
ANSWERS
Questions According to Examination Format
1. B 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. B 20. B
Algebraic Fractions
10