Ph 12 Wu, Shengkai Problem Set 1 1.

We have equation (68),(69) from Chapter One 2a =A1 cos(1 t + 1 ) + A2 cos(2 t + 2 ) 2b =A1 cos(1 t + 1 ) A2 cos(2 t + 2 )

When t = 0 we have 2a (0) =A1 cos 1 + A2 cos 2 2b (0) =A1 cos 1 A2 cos 2 2a (0) =A1 1 sin 1 + A2 2 sin 2 2b (0) =A1 1 sin 1 A2 2 sin 2

Given the initial condition 2a (0) = Xa , a (0) = va 2b (0) = Xb , b (0) = vb We have (va + vb )2 2 1 (va vb )2 A2 = (Xa Xb )2 + 2 2 2 va + vb tan 1 = (Xa + Xb )1 va vb tan 2 = (Xa Xb )2 A2 = (Xa + Xb )2 + 1 If we have the initial condition to be 2a (0) = Ya , a (0) = ua 2b (0) = Yb , b (0) = ub The second amplitude is denoted with B and initial phase by
2 B1 = (Ya + Yb )2 +

(ua + ub )2 2 1 (ua ub )2 2 B2 = (Ya Yb )2 + 2 2 ua + ub tan 1 = (Ya + Yb )1 ua ub tan 2 = (Ya Yb )2

Adding the two motion, we observe the rst term for a is going to be A1 cos(1 t + 1 ) + B1 cos(1 t + 1 ) =A1 cos 1 t cos 1 A1 sin 1 sin 1 t + B1 cos 1 t cos 1 B1 sin 1 t sin 1 =(A1 cos 1 + B1 cos 1 ) cos 1 t (A1 sin 1 + B1 sin 1 ) sin 1 t =C1 cos(1 t + 1 ) Here, we have
2 C1 = (A1 cos 1 + B1 cos 1 )2 + (A1 sin 1 + B1 sin 1 ) A1 sin 1 + B1 sin 1 tan 1 = A1 cos 1 + B1 cos 1

Note from the initial condition we can have Xa + Xb 2 va + vb A1 sin 2 = 2 Ya + Yb B1 cos 1 = 2 ua + ub B1 sin 2 = 2 A1 cos 1 = Thus we have C1 = (Xa + Xb + Ya + Yb )2 + tan 1 = (va + vb + ua + ub )2 2 1

va + vb + ua + ub (Xa + Xb + Ya + Yb )1

Similarly we can have C2 = (Xa Xb + Ya Yb )2 + tan 2 = (va vb + ua ub )2 2 1

va vb + ua ub (Xa Xb + Ya Yb )2

This is precisely the solution for the initial condition 2a (0) = Xa + Ya , a (0) = va + ua 2b (0) = Xb + Yb , b (0) = vb + ub

2. If 1 (t) satises the equation M d2 (t) = C(t) + F1 (t) dt2 while 2 (t) satises the equation M d2 (t) = C(t) + F2 (t) dt2

Then we have M d2 (1 (t) + 2 (t) dt2 =C1 (t) + C2 (t) + F1 (t) + F2 (t) =C(1 (t) + 2 (t)) + F2 (t) + F2 (t) Thus 1 (t) + 2 (t) is a solution to the inhomogeneous equation M d2 (t) = C(t) + F1 (t) + F2 (t) dt2 This will not apply to the non-linear equation because let the non-linear equation be D() = g(x) where D is a non-linear dierentail operator and 1 and 2 are two solutions to the equation then we have D(1 + 2 ) = D(1 ) + D(2 ) = g1 (x) + g2 (x) The equality does not hold, thus 1 + 2 is not a solution. 3. The oscilation looks like the following The bottom rectangles center of mass is at

b a a

Figure 1: Change in Center of Mass a b ( , ) 2 2 The center of mass of the upper triangle is a 2(b b ) a 2b + b ( , +b)=( , ) 3 3 3 3 The center of mass for the tilted system is x= m1 a m2 a + m1 + m2 2 m1 + m2 3 m1 b m2 2b + b y= + m1 + m2 2 m1 + m2 3 m1 b = m2 bb

We have

Thus we know x x0 = b b a 6b (b b)2 y y0 = 6b

Thus we obtain 6b( x0 ) x a

= ( y0 )6b y y0 = y

6b ( x0 )2 x a2

Letting a = 2L, b = h0 , The potential curve is therefore U (x) = Thus we can easily obtain the angular frequency 2 = U = 3gh0 /L2 m 6mgh0 (x)2 4L2

4. Using the sloshing pan approximation we have 3 9.8m/s2 150m 3gh0 = = = 2.216 103 s1 L 30103 m Thus the period is T = 2 2 = = 0.788h 2.216 103 s1