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Instituto Superior Politcnico Jos Antonio Echeverra
School of Chemical Engineering
Solving ProblemInstituto Jos Antonio Echeverra Higher Polytechnic
School of Chemical Engineering
Proposed Settlement of Problems
Chemical Engineering Science, O. Levenspiel,
Third Edition
1999
Mercedes Rodrguez Edreira
2006
C
A
P

T
U
L
O
5
Problem 5.1 (p. 113)
Consider the gas-phase reaction 2 A ? R + 2 S with kinetic
unknown. If you require a space velocity of 1 min-1 to achieve
90% conversion of A in a plug flow reactor, find the
for space weather and the mean residence time of fluid
in the plug flow reactor
Solution
?
?
=
-+
=
==
A
A
X
A
A
A
X
AAA
A
A
r
C dX

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Xr
dX t C
s
0
0
0
0
()
() (1)
1 1min
t
e
t
If the system is constant density and length of residence time
space are equal, but in this case the system is of variable density
because the flow rate changes during the reaction, since it is a system
gas and varies the total number of moles.
Conclusion
No one can calculate the mean residence time of fluid data
available
Problem 5.2 (p. 113)
In a batch reactor operating isothermally reached 70%
conversion of liquid reagent in 13 min. What is Space Weather
required to perform this operation in a plug flow reactor and
a complete mix?
Solution
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
min
13
January 1
13min
()
()
tan ()
()
() (1)
===
?==
=
=
???
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?
???
?
-+
=
?
?
?
?
t
t
t
e
s
r
dX t C
r
C dX
For the plug flow reactor
because the system is fluid density is constant you
r
dX t C
T
TrX
dX t C
A
A
A
A
X
A
A
A
X
A
A
A
X
A
A
A
X
AAA
A
A
Can not calculate t, or s for the mixed reactor because
known kinetics.
Problem 5.3 (p. 113)
An aqueous stream of monomer A (1 mol / L, 4 L / min) enters a
mixed reactor of 2 L where it is radiated and polymerized
follows
A ? R ? S ? T ... ... ..
In the AC output current = 0.01 mol / L and for a particular product W
must be CW = 0.0002 mol / L. Find the speed of reaction of A and the
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W
Solution
A?R
R+A?S
S+A?T
T+A?U
U+A?V
V+A?W
Assuming that the reactions are elementary
-RA = CR k1CA + k2 + k3 CA CA CA CT CS + k4 + k5 + k6 CA CA CV CU
rW = k6 + k7 CV CA CA CW
There are 7 kinetic constants involved, and that requires at least 8 points
pilot to calculate the numerical value of the constants.
Problem 5.4 (p. 113)
It is planning to replace a mixed reactor for one
has twice the volume. For the same power and speed
same aqueous feed (10 mol / L), find the new conversion. The
kinetics is represented by
A ? R-rA = k CA
1,5
The current conversion is 70%.
Solution
For the existing reactor to the reactor 2 times
() ()
4,26
0,3
0,7
1
0
0,5
0
0,5 1,5
0
1,5 1,5
0
0
0
=
=
=
v
KVC
X kC kC
CX
v
V
A
AAA
A A ()
()
() 8,52
1
2 4,26 8,52
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2
1
2
1,5
0
0,5
0
1,5 1,5
0
0
0
=
-'
'
=
==
-'
'
=
A
A
A
AA
AA
X
MX
v
VKC
X kC
CX
v
V
To find XA 'you have to make a score
XA '0.8 0.75 0.77 0.79
M 8.94 6 6.98 8.21
Calculation of M
0
2
4
6
8
10
0.74 0.76 0.78 0.8 0.82
Conversion
M
Calculated
Correct
v0
CA0 = 10 mol / L
XA = 0.7
v0
CA0 = 10 mol / L
XA '
XA '= 0.794
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Problem 5.5 (p. 113)

A water supply of A and B (400 L / min, 100 mmol / L of A, 200
mmol / L of B) will be converted into product in a flow reactor
piston. The kinetics of the reaction is represented by:
A + B ? R-CA CB rA = 200 mol / L min
Find the reactor volume required to achieve 99.9%
A product conversion in
Solution
A A B - r = kC C
Fluid system, so the density is constant
()
()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() () () () ()
V v () L
MX
MX
CMk
L
mol
mmol
mol
L
C mmol
CMk
MX
MX
kC X X
C dX
r
C dX
r kC X X
M
CCMX
CCX
p
A
A
A
p
A
Ap
A
A
X
AAA
A
A
X
A
A
pA
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AAAA
BAA
AAA
AA
400 0,31 124,3
0.31 min
2 1 0,999
ln 2 0.999
200 0,1 2 1
1
1
ln
1
1
0,1
10
100 1
1
1
ln
() 1 2
February 1
2
100
200
1
0
0
03
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
===
=
=
=
==
=file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

-=
=
-=-==
==??
t
t
t
t
Problem 5.6 (p. 113)
A plug flow reactor (2 m3) processing an aqueous feed (100
L / min) containing a reagent A (CA0 = 100 mmol / L). This reaction is
reversible and is represented by:
Halle first equilibrium constant and the conversion of the reactor after
Solution
Constant density system because it is liquid
() () ()
()
()
0,8 (1) 0,506
1
0,8
ln 1
0,8
100
2000 0,04
ln 1 5.22 (.103)
() 1 1,25
1 1,25
1
January 1
1
January 1
4 0,8
0,01
0,04
1
1
1
010
0
0
0
0
1010
0
1
102010
Re
2
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1
?=-=
=??
?
??
?
=-??
?
??
?
???
?
???
?
=-=
==
=??
???
??
???
??
?
??
?-=-+
-=--=-==?=
===
??
Xe
X
p. Equation
X
X
X
k
XkC
dX
C
r
dX
C
v
V
XkC
X
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X
XkCr
CX
X
Xk
rXkCkCkCXX
X
X
X
C
C
k
k
K
A
A
Ae
A
Ae
X
AA
A
A
X
A
A
pA
AA
Ae
Ae
AAA
AA
Ae
Ae
AAAAAAA
Ae
Ae
Ae
Ae
AA
t
t
A R-rA = 0.04 min-1CA - 0.01 min-1 CR
Problem 5.7 (p. 114)
The gas coming out of a nuclear reactor contains a full range of
radioactive traces, with the conflicting Xe-133 (mean time
life = 5.2 days) This gas flows continuously through a tank with a
high retention, with a residence time of 30 days in which to
assume that the content is well mixed. Find the fraction of activity
that is removed in the tank
Solution
Assuming that the reaction is constant and that density is first
order can be calculated from the kinetic constant through time
life
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()
()
()
()
1
00
0
0,1333
5,2
ln 2 ln 2
ln 2
2 exp
0.5 exp
0.5 exp
exp
====
=
===day
t
k
kt
kt
kt
C C kt
C C kt
AA
AA
For the mixed reactor
() ()
()
() 0,8
0,1333 30 1
0,1333 30
1
110
00
=
+
=
+
?=
=
=
=
m
m
A
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A
A
AA
AA
A
AA
m
k
Xk
Xk
X
X kC
CX
r
CX
t
t
t
Problem 5.8 (p. 114)
A complete mix reactor (2 m3) an aqueous feed processing
(100 L / min) containing a reagent A (CA0 = 100 mmol / L). This reaction
is reversible and is represented by:
What is the conversion of balance and the actual conversion of the reactor?
Solution
Constant density system because it is liquid
() () ()
()
0,4
0,8
1 0,04 1 1,25
January 1
100
2000
0,8
1
January 1
1
January 1
10
00
0
10
0
1
102010
=
-=
=
???
???
??
?
??
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?-+
=
===
=
???
???
??
?
??
?-=-+
-=--=-A
AA
A
A
Ae
Ae
AA
AA
A
AA
m
Ae
Ae
Ae
AAA
AA
Ae
Ae
AAAAAAA
X
XX
X
X
X
kCXX
CX
r
CX
v
V
X
X
X
XkCr
CX
X
rXkCkCkCXXXk
t
A R-rA = 0.04 min-1CA - 0.01 min-1 CR
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Problem 5.9 (p. 114)

A specific enzyme acts as catalyst in the fermentation of A.
Find the volume of plug flow reactor required for 95% of
conversion of reactant A (CA0 = 2 mol / L) at a given concentration of
enzyme. The fermentation kinetics of the enzyme concentration
is given by:
enzyme
A ? ? ? ? R-rA = 0.1 CA / (1 + 0.5 CA)
Solution
Constant density system because 1 mol of A yields 1 mol of R
()
()
()
()
VvLL
v
V
C
AD C C C
C
AD
C
C AD
C
C
AD
r
AD
r
C dX
v
V
PP
p
Af
AA
C
AC
C
C
A
C
CA
A
p
C
C
C
CA
AA
A
A
A
C
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CA
A
X
A
A
pA
A
Af
A
A
A
A
A
Af
A
Af
A
Af
A
986,5
min
39.46 min 25
Ln ln 2 10 0.1 5 (2 0.1) 39.46 min
2 1 0,1 0,95
ln 5
0,1
1
0,1
0,5
0,1
0,1
1 0,5
1 0,5
() () 0,1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
00
000
===
==-+-=
=-=
=+=++
=
+
=
=
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==
??
????
t
t
t
t
Problem 5.10 (p.114)
In a plug flow reactor a feed gas of pure (2
mol / L, 100 mol / min) decomposes to a variety of products.
The kinetics of the reaction is represented by
A ? 2.5 products, rA = 10 min-1 CA
Find the expected conversion of 22 L reactor
Solution
Variable density system because it varies Ftotal, which causes the flow
rate changes
() ()
()
(A) A (A)
A
A
AA
A
A
AA
A
pAA
XXXf
X
X
and
to
ra
L
L
mol
mol
C
vF
Equation X p.
X
Xk
=---=
=??
?
??
?
=
=
=
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===
+
=+
Ln 1 1.5 2.5 4.4
1,5
1
2.5 ln 1
50
October 1922
1 1,5
1
2,5 1
min
50
2
min
100
5.21 .103
1
1 ln 1
0
0
0
0
e
tee
XA 0.7 0.8 0.75
f (XA) 4.05 5.22 4.59
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85
Conversion
f (conversion)
Calculated
Right XA = 0.73
Problem 5.11 (p. 114)
The enzyme E catalyzes the fermentation of the substrate A (the reagent),
R. obtaining Find the size required mixed reactor
for 95% conversion of a feed stream (25 L / min)
reagent (2 mol / L) and enzyme. The fermentation kinetics of this
enzyme concentration is given by
enzyme
A ? ? ? ? R-rA = 0.1 CA / (1 + 0.5 CA)
Solution
Constant density system
() ()
() [()]
()
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3
0
0
00
4987,5 5
199.5 min
0,1 0,1
2 0.1 1 0.5 0.1
1 2 1 0,1 0,95
1 0,5
0,1
VvLm
CCX
C
C
CC
r
CC
m
m
Af A A
Af
Af
A Af
A
A Af
m
==
=
-+
=
=-=-=
+
=
=
t
t
t
Problem 5.12 (p.114)
An aqueous solution (400 L / min, 100 mmol / L, 200 mol of B / L) will
be converted to product in a completely mixed reactor. Kinetics
the reaction is represented by
A + B ? R-CA CB rA = 200 mol / L min
Find the reactor volume required to achieve 90% conversion
Solution
Constant density system because it is liquid
()
()
() () ()
()
() () ()
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() 3
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
49.9 400 19960 20
49.9 min
200 0,1 1 2
0,1 0,9
200 0,1 1 2
1
2
100
200
1
VvLm
XX
rXX
ba
C
MC
X
CCMb
CCX
r
CX
mm
AA
m
AAA
A
B
B
BABA
AAA
A
AA
m
===
=
-=
-=-==
===
===
t
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t
t
CA0 = 0.1 mol / L
CB0 = 0.4 mol / L
v0 = 400 L / min = 0.9 XA
Problem 5.13 (p. 115)
A 650 C steam PH3 decomposes as follows
P4 ? 4 PH3 (g) +6 H2-rPH3 = 10 h-1 CPH3
What size plug flow reactor operating at 649 C and 11.4 atm
required to achieve 75% conversion of 10 mol / H of PH3 has
2 / 3 of PH3 y1 / 3 of inert?
Solution
Variable density system because it is gas and it varies Ftotal, which
causes the flow rate changes
()
() ()
()
V v () L
h
L
C
F
v
mol L
RT
p
C
h
Equation X p.
X
k
p
A
A
A
A
p
AA
A
pA
A
0,17 100 17
100
0,1
10
0.1 /
273 649 0,082
3
11,4 2
0,5 0,75 0,17
1 0,75
1 0.5 ln 1
10
1
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5.21 (.103)
1
1 ln 1
0,5
3
2
4
164
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
===
===
=
+
??
?
??
?
==
=??
?
??
?=+
=+
=??
?
??
?
??
?
??
?+=
t
t
tee
e
Problem 5.14 (p. 115)
A reactive gas stream A pure (CA0 = 660 mmol / L) enters a
plug flow reactor at a rate FA0 = 540 mmol / min and cured
as follows
3 A ? R-rA = 54 mmol / L min
How big should the reactor to CAf = 330 mmol / L?
Solution
Variable density system because it varies Ftotal gas as the flow
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volume will also vary

() ()
()
()
()
()
L
C
VvF
X
r
C
r
C dX
X
X
X
CX
P
P
T
T
CX
f
CX
C
A
A
pp
A
A
A
A
A
pA
A
A
A
A
A
AA
A
AA
e
AA
Af
7,5
660
540 9,17
0.75 9.17 min
54
660
0,75
3
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February 1
1
330 660
3
February 1
3
March 1
1
1
1
January 1
0
0
0
0
0,75
0
0
0
0
0
00
=??
?
??
===?
==
=
=
?=
=
=??
?
??
?=
+
=
??
?
??
?
???
?
???
?
+
=
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=
?
tt
t
e
e
e
Problem 5.15 (p. 115)
A gaseous feed of pure A (1 mol / L) enters a reactor
complete mixture (2 L) and reacts as follows:
2 A ? R-rA = 0.05 CA
2 mol / L s
Find the feed rate (L / min) to give a concentration of
CAf output = 0.5 mol / L
Solution
Variable density system because it is gas and as Ftotal varies during
During the reaction, the flow rate changes
()
()
()
() [()]
() ()
0.036 / min
54.42 min
2
54.42 min
1 1 0,67 0,05
1 0.67 1 0.5 0.67
0,05 1
1
1 0,5
0,05 1
3
2
1 0,5
1
1
1
660
330
1 0,5
2
February 1
0
February 2
2
February 2
0
2
0
2
2
0
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0
0
vVLL
CX
CXX
X
rCX
X
X
X
X
X
C
C
r
CX
m
AA
AAAA
m
A
A
FA
A
A
A
AA
A
A
Af
A
Af
AA
m
===
=
=
+
=
???
?
???
?
-=
?=
==
+
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==
==
=
t
e
t
e
e
t
Problem 5.16 (p. 115)
The gaseous reactant A decomposes as follows
A ? 3 R-rA = 0.6 min-1 CA
Find the conversion of A is obtained in a mixed reactor
1 m3 which is fed with a stream containing 50% A and 50%
of inert (v0 = 180 L / min, CA0 = 300 mmol / L)
Solution
Variable density system because it is gas and as Ftotal varies during
During the reaction, the flow rate changes
()
()
()
()
()
()
() 0,67
March 2
13 169 40 3
3 13 10 0
0,6 1
1
0,6 1
1
180
1000
1
0,6 1
1
0,6 0,6 1
0,5 1
1
March 1
2
0
0
0
00
0
0
=
-+
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=
+-=
+
=
+
===
+
=
+
-==
=
=
==
A
AA
A
AA
AA
AAA
m
A
A
A
AA
A
AAA
A
A
AA
m
X
XX
X
XX
CX
CXX
v
V
X
CX
X
rCCX
r
CX
v
V
t
e
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e
t
Problem 5.17 (p. 115)
A blend of 20% ozone - 80% air at 1.5 atm and 95 C becomes a
rate of 1 L / s through a plug flow reactor. Under these
conditions ozone decomposes through homogeneous reaction
2 ? 3 O2 O3-rA = k Coz
2
k = 0.05 L / mol s
What size of reactor is required to achieve 50%
decomposition?
Solution
The reaction rate is second order and the system density
variable because it varies Ftotal gaseous. The design equation and
integrated in the text for this.
() () ()
()
()
()
() () ()
3
February 2
0
0
0
0
February 2
1 2125,02 2125 2,125
2125,02
0,5
2 ln 0,11,1 0.5 0.1 0.5 1.1 0.5
0,05 0,01
1
0,2 0,1
2
March 2
0.01 /
0,082 95 273
1,5 0,2
5.23 (103)
1
February 1 January 1 ln
Lm
s
VsL
s
v
V
mol L
RT
Cp
p. Equation
X
kCXXX
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p
A
A
A
A
A
p Ao A A A A A A
==??
?
??
=?
=
??????
??
?
??
?
==++
=
=
=
+
==
=+-+++
t
e
teeee
Problem 5.18 (p. 116)
An aqueous feed containing A (1 mol / L) is processed in a
plug flow reactor of 2 L (2 A ? R,-rA = 0.05 CA
2 mol / L s). Find the
outlet concentration of A for a feed rate of 0.5
L / min
Solution
The system is liquid, so it is of constant density and eA = 0 ?
() () ()
A
A
pA
A
A
p Ao A A A A A A
X
XkC
p. Equation
X
kCXXX
ss
L
L
v
V
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=
=+-+++
=?
??
?
???
?
===
1
5.23 (103)
1
February 1 January 1 ln
240
1min
4min 60
min
0,5
2
0
February 2
0
t
teeee
t
() ()
() () 0,92
1 240 1 0,05
240 1 0,05
10
0=
+
=
+
=
pA
pA
AkC
kC
X
t
t
Problem 5.19 (p. 116)
Is fed to a reactor of complete mixture of 1 L a gas stream
of pure about 3 atm and 30 C (120 mmol / L). There
decomposed and the concentration of A at the output is measured for each
flow rate. From the following data find the equation
represents the decomposition rate of A. Suppose that only
A concentration affects reaction rate
v0 (L / min) 0.06 0.48 1.5 8.1
CA (mmol / L) 30 60 80 105
A?3R
Solution
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The system is variable because it is the gas density and varies Ftotal
() () A
A
AA
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
AA
A
A
AA
m
C
XC
C
C
C
C
X
Xv
V
rCXv
v
V
r
CX
+
=?=
=
+
=
-==
=
=
February 1960
1 2 120
1
March 1
!
1
120
0
0
0
00
0
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0
e
e
t
CA (mmol / L) 30 60 80 105
XA 0.5 0.25 0.143 0.045
-RA (mmol / L min 06.03 14.04 25.74 44.18
-RA = k CA
n ? ln (-rA) = ln k + n ln CA
1
10
100
1 10 100 1000
A concentration
Speed
2
2
250
250
3,6
900
2
ln 60 ln 30
ln ln 3.6 4.4
AA
A
A
rC
r
kC
n
-=
==
=
=
=
Problem 5.20 (p. 116)
You are using a mixed reactor to determine the
kinetics of the reaction whose stoichiometry is A ? R. For this different
flows of an aqueous solution containing 100 mmol / L of A are
fed to a reactor of 1 L and for each run the concentration of A
output is recorded. Find the rate equation representing the
following data. Suppose that only agent A affects the speed of
reaction
v (L / min) June 1, 1924
CA (mmol / L) April 20, 1950
Solution
The system is fluid density is constant because
()
V
Cv
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r
CC
r
r
CCA
A
m
AA
A
A
AA
m
0 0 0 100 ?-=
?-=
=
t
t
v (L / min) June 1, 1924
CA (mmol / L) April 20, 1950
-RA 96 480 1200
-RA = k CA
n ? ln (-rA) = ln k + n ln CA
1
10
100
1000
10000
1 10 100
Concentration
Reaction rate
results
Linear
(Results)
min
0,0417
0.0417 min
1200
January 1950
ln 50 ln 4
ln1200 96 1 ln
1
L
r C mmol
r
nkC
AA
A
A
-=
==
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=?=
=Problem 5.21 (p.116)
It is planning to operate a batch reactor to convert A into R
through a liquid phase reaction with the stoichiometry A ? R, which
reaction rate shown in the table below
CA
(Mol / L)
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.3 2.0
-RA
(Mol / Lmin)
0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.25 0.1 0.06 005 0.045 0.042
How long should react each tuned to the concentration falls
from CA0 = 1.3 mol / L to CAf = 0.3 mol / L?
Solution
Constant density system because it is liquid
??
???
??
???
+
+
?

=
=??S
=
1
01
1,3
0,3
111
2
0f
A Af Ai i
A
A
A
C
CA
A
rrr
C
r
AD
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r
dC t
A
Af
-RA is plotted vs CA to complete the data between CA = CA = 0.8 to 1.3
mol / L. It uses a semilog axis to facilitate the representation
0,01
0,1
1
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
A concentration
Reaction rate
CA (mol / L) 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3
-RA (mol / Lmin) 0.06 0.053 0.05 0.0475 0.046 0.045
()
12.6 min
0,46
1
0,475
1
0,5
1
0,53
1
0,6
1
1
1
2,5
1
5
1
6
1
0,45
1
5
1
2
0,110
=
??
???
??
???
??
?
??
?
t=++++++++++
Problem 5.22 (p. 116)
For the reaction of problem 5.21, how large of a flow reactor
piston is required for 80% conversion of a current of 1000
mol of A / h with CA0 = 1.5 mol / L
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
The density is constant and CAf = CA0 (1 - XA) = 1.5 (1 -0.8) = 0.3 mol / L
12.8 min (5.21)
1,3
0,3
1,5
1,3
1,3
0,3
1,5
0,3
0
the problem
r
AD
r
AD
r
AD
r
AD
r
AD
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
C
CA
A
p
A
Af
=
+
=
=
=
?
t????
Chart values are taken the problem 5.21. Reproduced enlarged
necessary part of the graph
0,01
0,1
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
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A concentration
Reaction rate
CA (mol / L) 1.3 1.4 1.5
-RA (mol / L min) 0.045 0.0445 0.044
()
4.5 12.8 17.3 min
4.5 min
0,445
February 1
0,44
1
0,45
1
2
1,5 0,110
1,3
?=+=
=
???
???
??
?
??
?
++
-?
p
A
A
r
AD
t
Problem 5.23 (p. 117)
a) For the reaction of problem 5.21, how large of a mixed reactor
complete required to obtain 75% conversion of
current of 1000 mol of A / h with CA0 = 1.2 mol / L
b) Repeat part a) with the modification that the power is
doubles, or 2000 mol of A / h with CA0 = 1.2 mol / L
c) Repeat part a) with the modification that CA0 = 2.4 mol / L,
trying 1000 mol A / h and Caf = 0.3 mol / L
Solution
a)
()
()
() L
C
VvF
v
V
C mol mol l L r
r
CX
A
Am
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

m
m
Af Af
Af
AA
m
1500
1,2
1000 1,8
1.8 min
0,5
1,2 0,75
1.2 1 0.75 0.3 / 0.5 / min
0
0
0
0
0
====
===
=-=?-=
=
t
t
t
t
b)
Assuming that the volume is still 1500 L and that what varies is XA
0
0
1
0,75
2000
1500
A
A
A
Af
Af
A
C
XC
r
X
F
V
===
=
CAf 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.2
XAF 0.83 0.75 0.58 0.5 0.417 1
-Raf 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.25 0.1 0.046
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

XAF /-raf 2.78 1.5 1.11 1.17 2 4.16 21.73

0
1
2
3
4
5
0 0,5 1
A concentration
f (conversion)
calculated
correct
Assuming that XA = 0.75 and the volume required varies
V () L
r
X
F
V
Af
Af
A
1,5 2000 3000
1,5
0,5
0,75
0
==
==
=
c)
L
r
X
F
V
C
XC
Af
Af
A
A
A
A
1750
0,5
0,875
0,875
2,4
1 1 0,3
0
0
==
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=
=-=-=
XAF /-raf never going to be 0.75,
physically says that with a t
does not occur as small
reaction
Problem 5.24 (p. 117)
A gaseous hydrocarbon of high molecular weight A is fed
continuously mixed reactor that is heated to high
temperatures to cause thermal cracking (homogeneous reaction
gas) materials of lower molecular weight, collectively called
R using an approximate stoichiometry of A ? 5 R. Changing
feed rate gave different areas of cracking
as shown
FA0 (mmol / h) 300 1000 3000 5000
CAs (mmol / L) 16 30 50 60
The internal vacuum volume of the reactor is 0.1 L and temperature
A concentration of power is CA0 = 100 mmol / L. Find the equation
that represents the cracking reaction
Solution
Variable density system because it is gas and it varies Ftotal
() (1) 4
1
May 1
1
1
10
0
0
0
0000
0
=
=
+
=
?-===
==
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
AA
AAAA
A
A
AA
m
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

and
C
C
C
C
X
FX
V
FX
V
vCX
r
r
CX
v
V
e
e
t
FA0 3000 5000 300 1000
CA 16 30 50 60
XA 0.512 0.318 0.167 0.118
-RA = 10 FA0XA 5000 318.8 1536.6 5882.4
-RA = k CA
n ? ln (-rA) = ln k + n ln CA
1000
10000
1 10 100
A concentration of reaction speed
Series1
Linear
(Series1)
AA
A
A
rC
r
kC
n
0,01
0,01
5000
50
1,035 1
50 ln16 ln
ln5000 ln1536, 6
-=
==
=
=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Problem 5.25 (p. 117)

The aqueous phase decomposition of A is studied in a reactor
mixed. The results of the table were obtained P.5.25
runs at steady state. What residence time required for
obtain 75% conversion of reactant feeding with CA0 = 0.8
mol / L
ACC 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 0.48 0.48 0.48
CAs 0.65 0.92 1.00 0.56 0.37 0.42 0.28 0.20
? t (s) 300 240 250 110 360 24 200 560
Solution
The system density is constant, so t = t ?
m
As Ae
A
A
As Ae
m
CC
r
r
CC
t
t
?-=
=
CAs 0.65 0.92 1.00 0.56 0.37 0.42 0.28 0.20
-RA (103) 4.5 4.5 4 4 1.75 2.5 1 0.56
These values are plotted to obtain the values necessary CA-rA vs
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
4,5
5
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
A concentration
Reaction rate
CAf 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
-RA (103) 0.56 1.1 2.1 3.4 4.2 4.6 4.8
() S 313 p
4,6
1
4,2
1
3,4
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2,1
1
1,1
February 1
4,8
1
0,56
1
2
0,1103
=
???
?????
?
??
?
t++++++
Problem 5.26
Repeat the previous problem, but for a mixed reactor
Solution
() S h
r
CC
Af
A Af
1071.4 0.298 m
0,56 10
0,2 0,8
3
0==
=
=-?
Problem 5.28 (p. 118)
In a batch reactor operating at constant volume and 100 C
The following data obtained from the decomposition of gaseous reactant A
t (s) 0 20 40 60 80 100 140 200 260 330 420
pA (atm) 1.00 0.80 0.68 0.56 0.45 0.37 0.25 0.14 0.08 0.04 0.02
The stoichiometry of the reaction is 2 A ? R + S
What size plug flow reactor (L) can operate at 1 atm
A treat 100 mol / h in a stream that contains 20% inert
95% for conversion of A
Solution
The system is of constant density, both in the batch reactor as
in plug flow because Ntotal Ftotal = constant =
nA
- RA = kC
If first-order
()
0
00
0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

ln
January 1
1
ln 1
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
p
kt p
p
Xp
p
Xp
RT
Cp
C
XC
X kt
=
=-?-=
=
==-PA/pA0 is plotted vs t gives a straight line and if it means it is 1st order
0,01
0,1
1
0 100 200 300 400 500
time s)
A pressure / initial pressure
After the reaction is first order
()
AA
A
A
A
rC
s
t
p
p
t
Xk
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0,01116
0,01116
20
ln 0.8
ln
ln 1 0 1
-=
==
=
-=For the plug flow reactor is used the equation 5.23 (p. 103)
()
()
() ()
[]
() V L
s
L
s
h
h
L
atm
h
mol
p
FTR
C
vF
X
k
Vv
X
v
kVk
A
A
A
A
A
pA
284,54
0,01116
Ln 1 0.95 1.06
1,06
3600
3823,25 1
1 0,8
100 100 273 0,082
ln 1
ln 1
0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

00
0
0
0
0
0
=
=
=??
?
??
=?
+
===
=-t==-Problem 5.29 (p. 119)
Repeat the previous problem, but for a mixed reactor
Solution
() ()
V v () L
s
X kC
CX
r
CX
m
AA
AA
A
AA
m
1804 1702,51 1,06
1702,51
0,01116 1 0,95
0,95
1
0
0
00
===
=
=?
??
?
???
?
=?
??
?
???
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

?
=
t
t
Instituto Superior Politcnico Jos Antonio Echeverra
School of Chemical Engineering
Proposed Settlement of Problems
Chemical Engineering Science, O. Levenspiel,
Third Edition
1999
Mercedes Rodrguez Edreira
2006
Instituto Superior Politcnico Jos Antonio
Echeverria
School of Chemical Engineering
Proposed Settlement of Problems
Chemical Engineering Science, O. Levenspiel,
Third Edition
1999
Mercedes Rodrguez Edreira
2006
C
A
P

T
U
L
O
5
C
A
P

T
U
L
O
6
Problem 6.1 (p. 147)
A stream of a reagent solution (1 mol / L) passes through reactor
mixed in series. The concentration of A at the exit of the first
reactor is 0.5 mol / L. Find the concentration of A to the output of the second
reactor. The reaction is second order with respect to A and V2/V1 = 2
Solution
Constant density system because it is liquid
() ()
()
() ()
()
0,25
April 2
1 1 4 4 0,5
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4 0,5 0
4
2
2
2
0,5
1 0,5
2
2
2
2
2
2
February 1
2
2
2
February 1
2
February 1
0
1
0
2
2
1
February 2
1
01
1
01
0
1
1
=
--=
+-=
=
=
=
===
=
=
=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

==
A
A
AA
A
AA
A
AA
A
AA
A
AA
A
AA
C
C
CC
C
CkC
kC
CC
r
CC
v
V
v
V
k
k kC
CC
r
CC
v
V
t
t
t
t
v0
CA0 = 1 mol / L
CA1 = 0.5 mol / L
CA2 =?
V1 V2
Problem 6.2 (p. 147)
An aqueous stream containing a radioactive substance flows in a
continuously in a mixing tank full so that you
provides time for the radioactive substance is transformed into
residual harmful. In these operating conditions the activity
output current is 1 / 7 of the output current. This is not bad, but
we would like to be a little better.
One of the secretaries in our office suggested to insert a baffle
in the tank so that it behaves as 2 tanks in series. Will
this would help? If you do not say why, if yes, calculate the activity
output current compared to the input.
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
Si-rA = k CA
n and n> 0 it is convenient
Suppose that rA = k-CA and that the activity is proportional to the
concentration
1716
7
7
1
1
0
1
1
01
1
1
0
0
1
=-=-=
=
==?=
A
A
A
AA
A
A
A
A
C
kC
kC
CC
C
C
Input activity
Output Activity
C
C
t
t
If the tank divided into 2 V '= V / 2
()
16
4 4 16 1
1314
1314
3
2
0
2
2
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0
2
1
1
0
2
2
1
1
1
0
1
February 1
===?=
= '+ = + =
= '+ = + =
'=' = =
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
k
C
C
k
C
C
kkk
t
t
t
tt
The radioactivity of output will be 1 / 16 of input
Problem 6.3 (p. 147)
A stream of reactants in aqueous solution (4 mol / L) passes through a
mixed reactor followed by a plug flow reactor. Halle
output concentration plug flow reactor where the concentration
in the complete mix tank is 1 mol / L. The reaction is second
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

order with respect to A and the volume of the piston is 3 times that of the mixture.
Solution
Constant density system because it is liquid
()
()
C mol L
C
CvC
V
kk
C
k
C AD
Ck
AD
k kC
AD
r
AD
v
V
v
V
k
k kC k
CC
r
CC
v
V
A
A
AA
m
p
C
C
A
C
C
AA
C
CA
A
C
CA
A
C
CA
pmA
p
m
A
AA
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
mAA
m
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
0.125 /
1
191
33911
3
1
3111
3
3
1
April 1
2
2
021
1
2
February 2
00
February 2
0101
0
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
=
=====??
?
?
??
?
?
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

====
===
=
=
=
=
==
-????
t
t
t
t
CA0 = 4 mol / L
v0
CA = 1 mol / L
CA2 =?
Vm Vm Vp = 3
Problem 6.4 (p. 147)
Reagent A (A ? R, mol/m3 CA0 = 26) passes through 4 tanks equal
mass at steady state (ttotal = 2 min). When it reached the state
A steady concentration was 11, 5, 2 and 1 in 4 mol/m3
units. For this reaction which tpistn be used to reduce power from
CA0 = 26 to CAf = 1 mol / L
Solution
The system is of constant density because it does not change the total molar flow
() () () ()
() () () ()
() () () ()
() () () () 2 / min
0,5
2111
6 / min
0,5
5233
12 / min
0,5
11 5 6 6
30 / min
0,5
26 11 15 15
0,5
4
2
3
4
444
April 3
4
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3
3
333
March 2
3
3
2
222
February 1
2
3
1
111
01
1
1234
r mol m
rrr
CC
r mol m
rrr
CC
r mol m
rrr
CC
r mol m
rrr
CC
A
AAA
AA
m
A
AAA
AA
m
A
AAA
AA
m
A
AAA
AA
m
mmmmm
?-==
=
=
=
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?-==
=
=
=
?-==
=
=
=
?-==
=
=
=
======
t
t
t
t
ttttt
CA (mol/m3) 11 5 2 1
-RA (mol/m3min) 30 12 6 2
If I assume that (-rA) = k CA
n ? ln (-rA) = ln k + n ln CA
1
10
100
1 10 100
A concentration
Speed
Series1
Linear
(Series1)
() 1.63 min
1
ln 26
2
= - 1 ln 1 - = 1 0 = 1 = ln
A
A
PAC
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C
k
X
k
t
AArC
n
k
2
1,129 1
ln1 ln11
30 ln 2 ln
2
-=
=
=
=
Problem 6.5 (p.147)
Originally planned to decrease the activity of a gas
containing the radioactive X-133 (average lifetime = 14 min) through
2 holding tanks in series, and having thoroughly mixed 2
residence time of 2 weeks in each tank. It has been suggested
to replace the 2 tanks with a long pipe (assume flow
piston). What size should have this line compared with tanks
original rough time residence which requires the same for
achieve the original conversion.
Solution
Assuming constant density and first-order reaction
()
()
()
()
() ()
()
(1 2)
February 2
2
January 1
2
1
1
1
February 1
1
1/2
1/2
0,000342
0,000342
2 20160
13,8145
ln 1 min 13.8145 0.999998998
0,0495
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1 ln 1 January
0,999998998
1 0,0495 20160
20160 0,0495 0,998999131
1
0,998999131
1 0,0495 20160
0,0495 20160
1
14 14 24 60min 20160min
0.0495 min
14
ln 2 ln 2
ln 2
pmm
N
p
N
p
pA
m
mA
A
m
m
A
mm
VVV
V
V
X
k
k
XkX
k
Xk
day day
h days days
t
k
k
t
=+
===
=--=--=
=
+
+
=
+
+
=
=
+
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
+
=
=??
?
??
?
??
?
??
===?
===
=
==
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
tt
Problem 6.6 (p.148)
A pure reagent at 100 C reacts with the stoichiometry 2 A ? R in a
constant volume batch reactor as follows
t (s) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
pA (atm) 1 0.90 0.80 0.56 0.32 0.18 0.08 0.04 0.02
What size should a plug flow reactor operating at 100 C and
1 atm to process 100 mol A / h in a stream containing 20%
inert for XA = 0.75?
Solution
The system density is constant because the batch reactor operating at
constant volume.
Assuming first order kinetics
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
p
kt p
RT
and C p
RT
Cp
C
kt C
0
0
0
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0
ln
ln
===
=t (s) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
pA0/pA 1 1.04 1.25 1.78 3.125 5.55 12.5 25 50
0,1
1
10
100
0 50 100 150 200
time
pA0/pA
Results
Exponential
(Results)
From the above graph is that there is no adjustment because it gives a straight line and
that the reaction is first order.
Assuming second order
A
AA
A
AA
Ap
pp
C
CC
ktC
=
=00
0
t (s) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
(PA0/pA) - 1 0.042 0.25 0.786 4 4 4.556 11.5 24 49
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 50 100 150 200
time
(PA0/pA) -1
Results
Linear (Results)
Neither fits the second order. Other kinetic equations can be proved;
but it is quite unlikely to find a positive and well
very laborious.
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

We will use the differential method

dt
DCA r
A-=
dca / dt is the slope of the tangent to the curve of CA vs t at a point
given. The data we have is pA vs t, so let's build this
graph, draw tangents at different points and find the slopes of
tangents. The values thus obtained divided by RT will give us the value
speed at each point.
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
0 50 100 150 200
time (s) pA
t (s) Dt pA ? (? pA / Dt) 103 PA
20 20 0.960-0.860 5.00 0.96
40 20 0.800 to 0.600 10.00 0.8
60 20 0.560 to 0.320 12.00 0.56
80 20 0.320-0.135 9.25 0.32
100 20 0.180-0.060 6.00 0.18
120 20 0.080-0.015 3.25 0.08
140 20 0.040-0.000 2.00 0.04
() ()
A
A
AA
AA
r
t
p
R RT r you cons
dt
dp
t
p
a?
?
=-=?
?
- So
Let's plot dpa / dt vs t to see how changes
0
0,002
0,004
0,006
0,008
0,01
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0,012
0,014
0 50 100 150
time (s)
dpa / dt
It is obvious that no simple kinetic equations could be adjusted. Nor
set-rA = k CA
No, but as we already have-rA values can
solve the equation numerically piston design.
because p atm
dt
dp
dX
dt
dp
p dX
dt
dp
RT
dX
RT
p
r
C dX A
A
A
A
A
A
X
A
AA
X
A
A
pA
AA
1
10
0,95
0
0,95
0
0
00
0
0
0====
t=????
tp is the area under the curve
dt
dpa
1 vs XA between 0 and 0.95.
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Method of solving the design equation

?? values were calculated for the pA corresponding default XA
?? pA For each value of the graph obtained will dpa / dt vs pA and
determines what value of dpa / dt corresponds to
?? With the values of dpa / dt vs XA design solves the equation
Let us begin by plotting dpa / dt vs pA using the values shown
in the above table
0
0,002
0,004
0,006
0,008
0,01
0,012
0,014
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
pA
dpa / dt
To calculate pA, must take into account that the density in the piston
is variable because it varies the total molar flow
() ()
()
A
A
A
A
AA
AA
A
AA
AA
A
X
pX
X
pXp
X
CCX
1 0,4
0,8 1
0,4 0,8
2
February 1
1
1
1
100
=
-=??
?
??
?file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
+
?=
+
=
e
ee
XA 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.95
pA 0.8 0.696 0.571 0.421 0.235 0.125 0.065
dpa / dt 0.01 0.0112 0.012 0.0109 0.0073 0.0046 0.0027
() ()
V () L
Ls
s
h
h
L
RT
p
F
v
vF
Vv
s
p
A
AA
pp
p
p
108,98 92,6 0,85
0.85 /
3600
3058 1
1
100 0,082 373
108,98
, 0027
1
, 0046
1
2
, 05
, 0046
1
, 0073
1
2
1,
, 0109
1
, 012
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
, 0112
February 1
, 0073
1
, 01
1
2
,2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
==
=??
?
??
===??
??
?
???
?
=
=
=
??
?
??
?
++??
?
??
?
++??
?
??
?
??
?
??
?
=++++
t
t
t
Problem 6.7 (p. 148)
You want to treat 10 L / min of a liquid diet containing 1 mol
A / L and achieve XA = 0.99. The stoichiometry and kinetics
are given by
A?R
0.2 Lmin
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

mol
C
rC
A
A
A+
-=
Suggest a good deal to do this using 2 mixing tanks
complete and find the size of units
Solution
The jet selection criteria is to work with maximum speed
possible
Should be placed in series and the shape of the curve should be the first
higher. Constant density system
() ()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
() A
A
A
A
AA
AA
A
A
AA
A
AAA
A
A
A
AA
X
X
X
X
CX
rCX
r
CX
r
and C X X
r
X
r
CX
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+=
+-=
=
=
=
=
1,2
1
0,2 1
1
0,2 1
1
0,99
0
0
0,99
01
2
021
2
1
1
1
01
1tt
We will employ the method of maximization of rectangles that proposed
text
XA 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.95 0.99
-RA 0.83 0.8 0.75 0.67 0.5 0.33 0.2 0.0478
1 / (-rA) 1.20 1.25 1.33 1.5 2 3 5 21
When AC ? 0,-rA ? 0
When AC ? 8, ? 1-rA
-RA
1
CA
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
Conversion
1 / (-rA)
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

() ()
()
() ()
()
VL
VvL
VvL
total
total
27 19 36
2.7 1.89 4.59 min
1,89 10 19
1 0.99 0.9 21 1.89 min
2,7 10 27
1 0.9 3 2.7 min
210
2
110
1
=+=
=+=
===
=-=
===
==
t
t
t
t
t
Checking
() () () ()
() () () ()
4.65 min 4.69 min
1 0.99 0.88 21 2.31 min 1 0.99 0.85 21 1.47 min
1 min 1 0.88 2.67 2.34 0.92 3.5 3.22 min
0,92 0,88
February 2
January 1
==
=-==-=
====
==
total total
AAXX
tt
tt
tt
XA1 XA2 = 0.99 = 0.9
27 L 18 L
XA0 = 0
Problem 6.8 (p. 148)
The following data on the reaction A ? R were obtained in runs
steady-state kinetics performed in a mixing reactor
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

complete
t (s) 60 35 20 November 1911
CA0 (mmol / L) 50 100 100 200 200
CA (mmol / L) 20 40 60 80 100
Find the space-time required to process a diet CA0 =
100 mmol / L and reach 80% conversion
a) In a plug flow reactor
b) In a mixed reactor
Solution
Constant density system because it varies Ftotal
a)
()
t
A max AENT Asal
A
A
A max
A
A
CXX
r
C
C
XC
-=
=-=0
0 200
January 1
t (s) 60 35 20 November 1911
XA ent 0.25 0.5 0.50 0 0
XA salt 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5
-RA 1.083 0.857 1.818 3,000 4.545
CA (mmol / L) 20 40 60 80 100
s
r
AD
A
A
p 52
3
1
1,083
1
1,083
1
1,818
1
0,857
February 1
4,545
1
1,083
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
2
100 20
20
=??
?
??
?
??
?
??
?
++++++
t=?
b)
s
r
CC
A
A Af
73.87 m
1,083
0 100 20 =
=
t=
Problem 6.9 (p. 148)
Currently a 90% conversion of a liquid stream
(N = 1, CA0 = 10 mol / L) that is fed to a plug flow reactor with
product recycling (R = 2). If you delete the recycle, how much
decrease the feed rate to maintain the same%
conversion
Solution
Constant density system because it is liquid
If the reaction is first order and is carried out isothermally on
more efficient reactor is plug flow, so the speed
increase supply.
CAF = CA0 (1 - XAF) = 10 (1 - 0.9) = 1 mol / L
()
() ()
()
() ()
pr
r
p
A
p
p
r
Af
A Af
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

r
r
vv
v
kV
v
kV
Equation X p
v
kVk
k
equation p
RC
RC C
v
kV
R
k
00
0
0
0
0
0
1,805
4,159
2,303
ln ln 1 1 0.9 2.303 5.21 (.103)
4,159
February 1911
February 1 10 2 1 ln
6.23 (.138)
1
ln
1
=
=
==--=--=
=
+
+
=+
+
+
==
+
t
t
t
The flow increased 1.8 times
Problem 6. 10 (p. 148)
An aqueous feed containing the reagent A (CA0 = 2 mol / L) enters
a plug flow reactor (10 L) that has the potential to recycle
part of the current flowing. The stoichiometry and kinetics
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

reaction are:
A ? R-rA = k CA CR mol / L min
It wants to achieve a 96% conversion or not we should use
recycle stream. If so, what value of flow rate of recycling is
used to obtain the highest production rate and which flow
volume we can process
Solution
Constant density system because it varies Ftotal
CAF = CA0 (1 - XAF) = 2 (1 - 0.96) = 0.08 mol / L
CR = CA0 (XAF) = 2 XA
XA 0 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.96
CR 0 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 1.92
CA 2 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.08
1 / (-rA) 8 5.26 2.7700 1.5625 1.042 1.042 1.5625 6.5104
If you must use the recycle because when XA ? 0, 1 / (-rA) ? 8
The optimum recycle ratio is what gives a (speed) -1 in
equal to the average input
If we assume R = 1
()
() () ()
()
() ()
(2)
1
Ln 3.1780
0,96
1 0,25
1
ln
0,96
ln 1 0.96
0,96
0,25
0,96
April 1
1
0,96
141
(1)
April 1
January 1
1141
0,48 0,96
2
1
1
0,96 0,96
2
000
equation
X
X
Xr
X
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

X
XX
XX
dX
X
XX
dX
r
equation
rXX
rCXCXCXXXX
X
R
XR
Aent
Aent
A AENT
Aent
Aent
AENT aent
XAA
A
Aent
XAA
A
A
AAA
AAAAAAAAAA
Af aent
A ent to ent
??
???
??
???
=??
???
??
???
==
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
-=-=-===
+
=
??
R ent XA 1 / (-rA) ec ent. (1) 1 / (-rA) ec. (2)
0,48 1 1,7 1,0
0.5 0.32 1.15 1.54
0.2 0.16 1.86 1.51
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
R
1 / (-rA)
ec. (1)
ec. (2)
R = 0.32
Problem 6.11 (p. 149)
Consider the autocatalytic reaction A ? R with CA-CR rA = 0.001 mol / L s. It
want to process 1 L / s of a feed containing 10 mol / L to
XA most possible in a set of 4 complete mixed reactors
100L that can be connected and feed as desired. Sketch
design and supply you propose and determine CAf from it.
Solution
Constant density system because it is isothermal and does not vary Ftotal.
[() ()] ()
() A A A
AAAAA
rXX
rXXXX
=
-=-=1
January 1910
0.00110 1 10 0.1 1
XA 0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8
-RA 0 0.016 0.021 0.024 0.025 0.024 0.016
1 / (-rA) 8 62.5 47.6 41.67 40 41.67 62.5
0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1
XA
1 (-/rA)
()
s
CX
r
CX
AA
AA
A
AA
m
200
100
0
===
=
=
=
=
t
t

()
() ()

100

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
2
2
2
=
=
=
=
A
AA
AA
AA
m
X

Solution

m
A
AA
AA
X
CX
v
V
t
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

t
t
+
==
110
0
0
()
()
()
() ()
()
() ()
()
m
AA
A
A
A
AA
m
A
AA
m
AA
AAA
m

X
X
X

V
t
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

t
t
t
t
+

+
=
+

=
=
=
1
1
1
01
1
1
0
0
0
V
V

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
()
()
()

1
20
400
100
2
February 1
2
1
1
1
1
0
February 1
=
+
=
+
=
=
+
=
+
=
===
m
A
m
m
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

v
V
t
t
t
t

Solution
() ()
()
()
192
192
1
192
1
96
1
2
0
2
1
0
1
=
=
-

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
A
A
A
A
A
A
m
m
A
A
m
r
C
r
C

r
r
t
t
t
t
t
n

192
1
2
192
192
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
2
2
2
1
2
1
L
mol
r
n
kC
kC
r
r
AA
A
A
A
A
n
n
A
A
A
A
-=

==
=

=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

40
10
400
1
1
01
r
CC
A
A
AA
2
1
2
1
1
1
8
50
400
50
400
A
A
m
A
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

m
r
C
r
C
===
===
t
t

8
8

1
1
1
r
C
A
A
A
A
=
=
-

()
2
2
1
2
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
1

AA
A
A
n
A
A
A
A
rC
mol
L
C
n
C
C
kC
kC
r
r
-=
==
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
()
() ()
() ()
() ()

=
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
==
===

1
70
69
1
1
70
69
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

70
2
140

2
2
2
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
2
A
A
A
A
X
A
A
X
AA
A
X
AA
A
X
to
A
A
A
A
AA
m
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

X
X
X
X
v
v
X

r
v
v

X
r
CX
v
M
A
AAA
t
t
t
()
L
X
X
X
X
X
A
A
A
A
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
70
1
70
0
2
2
2
2
2
===
=
=
=

()

2
2

2
2
=
-=
A
A
A
X
A
X
A
A
X
X
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
t
Today you get a conversion of 2 / 3 when carried out
elementary reaction in liquid phase 2 A ? 2 R in a flow reactor
What will be achieved if XA
eliminates the recycling?
Solution
()
() ()
()
()
()
3
1
1
3
3
9
4
3
3
3

1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
=
+
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
=
+
=
==
==

+
=
+
A
A
A
A
A
AA
A

kC
kC
X
X
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C
CC
kC
C

kC
t
t
t
t
t
The

Solution
Constant density system because it varies Ftotal

()
()
()

0,99
1
1
1
1
0,99
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0,99
0,99
0
=
+
+
+
+
=
=
==
A
A
AA
A
A
A
A
C
C
x

CC
r
t
t
b)

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
=
=
AA
AA
A
AA
A
AA
CC
r
CC
r
To decide which is the arrangement we have to see how it varies with the CA-rA
0

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

CA
-RA
As there is a CA for which the velocity is maximum. Let
find that value exactly.

A
A
A
=
()
()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1
1

=+=
=
+
=
=
=
total
A
A
AA
to
m
C
C
CC
t
t
t

complete.

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

If
Solution
m

m
CC
r
r
CC
t
t
=

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
CA
-RA

s
r
CC

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
-

r
A
A
2
10
-

()
s
s
s
C
s
s
s
C
total
m
A
total
m
A

2
10
80

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
10
90
1
1
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=+=
=
t
t
t
t
t
t

10
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

v
V
() ()

+-

+-

++=
+
+
=
+
AA
A
AA
A
AA
AA

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

V
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
3
1

3
5
1
1
0
0
0
0

=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

==
-

=
A
A
A
A
A
X
e
X
X
X
X

Solution

n
+
=
+

=
18
18
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

() ()
A
AA
AA
AA
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
AAA
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
kC

1
1
1
200
18
1
200
1
1

0
0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
+
=
=
+
=
=
=
=
+
=
+
=
() () () ()
()
() () () ()
() ()
()
X

A
AA
A
A

182
42
182

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
2
2
==
=
==
=
=

+
==
C
A

L
7

?
?

respectively.
Solution

()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
3
1
1
2
1
February 1
3
2
1
1
February 1
3
2
2
0
0
1
1

kC
r
A
A
AA
A
A
A
A
=
-=
=
+

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
+
=
+
=
=
-

Solution

2
2

CA

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

CA

Solution
()
()
()
()
C
C
CC

CC
CC
CC
CC
CC

A
A
A
AA
AA
AA
AA
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA
C
C
A
C
C
A
A
A

3
2

5
(2)
(1)
3
2

2
2
2
February 1
2
1
2
1
1
01
1
0
0
February 1
1
0
February 1
1
0
February 1
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

February 1
1
=
=
+
==
==
+
=
=
=
=
+
+
-=
+
+
=
=
t
t

Solution
()
()
()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
February 1
February 1
2
1
February 1
February 1
February 1
1
2
01
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
+
=
+
==
==
=
+
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
+
=
=

+
+
=
+
=
==
AA
AA
A
AA
AA
AA
AA

A
CC
CC
C
CC

CC

kC
kC
C
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
t
t
t

C
kC
CC

A
AA
m
A

2
2
2
February 1
2
2
2
=

+
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
=
=
=
=

Solution

4
1
February 1
1
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
2
2
1
0
3
1
3
=
+
=
+
=

=
-

+
==
=
=-=
=
AA
AA
m

A
f
AA
m
A
CC
C
kC
C
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

X
t

=
+
=
+
=
=
40
4
40
4
2
2
2
AA
A
AA
A
C
A
C
A
CC

r
A
A
A
t

C
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C
C
x

A
AA
A
A
A

1
1

1
4
40
2
2
1
()
40
4
2
40
4
40
4
40
4
40
4
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

==
+
+
=
+
==
=
+
+
+
==
+
+

t
() ()
()
CC
C
CC
C

+
-=
+
=-=
0
2
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
,
1
1

C
C
A
m

(5)
0
5
40
()
()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
2
2
2
1
2
0
0
=
+
=
=
+
=
=
+
==
+
=
+
=

+
=
m

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

CC
C

C
CC
C
C
kC
CC
C
t

Solution
2
February 1
1
2
February 1
1
A
A
AA
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

kC
r
r
A
kC
r
+
=
-

+
=
+

+
b)

=
+
0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
2
2
1
0
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
0
1
2
2

C
A
C
A
A
C
C

AAA

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

(1)
2
1
2
2

Solution
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA

1
1,2

3
2
1
1
February 1
1
1
2
0
0
2
2
0
+
+
=
+
=
=
A
A
AA
A
C
C
CC

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

b)
AA
CC

February 1
1

2
1
2
1
1
February 1
2
2
A
A
AA
A
C
CC
C
=

()
()
()
() A
AA
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
A
AA
A
A
A
C
CC
CC

C
C

C
C
C
=
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
+
=
=
4
2
)
5
1
1
1
()
2
2
1
2
1
2
0
4
0
2
4
0

C
CC
CC

CC
A
AA
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA
A
AA
AA
3
1
3
2
3
3
3
2

2
2

=
=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
2
2
2
1
AA
AA
A
CC
CC
C
=

()
()
()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
Checking
CC

CC

C
CC
CC
C

A
AA

AA
A
A
AA
A
A
A
AA

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

9
8
2
2

0
(5)
)
1
6
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
5
0
2
2
2
2
-=
==
-=
==
==

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
=

=
=
=

+
+
+
=

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1,2

()

(2)
(1)
16
0
0
0

CC

C
m
AAA
AA
m
AAA
A
t
t
=
=
=
them

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

12
AAA
A
C

() ()
()
()

CC

d
m
A
AA
AAA
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
3
3
3
2
2
==
=
=-=
=
-=
=
=
t

=
=+=
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
1
1
0
3
3
3
2
4
2
2

2
2
2
1
2
0
f
i
A
C
A

i
i
A
r
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
A
t

1
1
2

1
29
1
2
1
96
1
29
1
2
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

V
m
96
1
3
0
=
+

2
A
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
1
1
0
1
1
0
2
2
2
0
0
f
i
A
C
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

f
i
A
C
C
r

A
A
t

VL
r
r
C
A
A
A
A

f
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
1
2
1
4
10
4
3
+
=
=

t
t
t

A?R

Solution
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA
C
CC
C
=
==

2
2
1
1
0
0
-=
+
=

=
f
i
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C
C
A

25
=
A
A
A
C
C

Checking

Solution

F
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

30
0
0

X
X
C
CX
C
C
m
A
A
A
AA
m

3
0
===
==
==
=
t
100
56
100
56
156
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

3
===
===
=-=
-

B
A

A
C
C
C
r
r

29
1
29
1
30
1
30
+
=
+
CA

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA
() ()
()

() ()
()
0
0

Solution

A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80

1
1,2

b)

2
2

2
2

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
Solution
()
()
()
()
() ()
C

C
r
VvL
s
r
CC
A
A
A
A
A
A
AA
m

2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
0
2
1
01
===
+
+
==
+
+
+
=
=
===
=
+
=
=

t
t
t
t
t

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
AA
A
A
A
A
A
AA
A
A
A
r
CC
C
CC
C
CC
C
C
r
r

+
+
=
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

() () () ()
()
()
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
A
A
A
AA
A
A
A
A
C
C
C
CC
C
C
C

+
+
+
+
+
==

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
() ()
()

1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
-=
+
+
=
=
=
+
+
A
AA
A
AA
C
C
CC
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
CC

1
1,2

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
1
2
1
2
1
==
=
+
=
=
+
=
m
m
m
m
m
m
V
V
t
t
t
t

C
A

L
8

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

previous

Solution
1

0
0
0
=
=
==?=
A
A
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
A
A
A
A
X
X
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

VL
X
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

b)
()
C
C
kC
CC
VL

C
C
A
A
A
A
AA

1
10
167

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1
1
1
0
2
February 1
2
2
2
1
1
2
0
==
=

+
=

+
=
t
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

t
Summary

Solution

A?R

February 1
February 1

+
n
Conclusion
A?R
n

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
()
()
()
()
()
()
CC
C

CC

AA
AAA
A
AAA
AAA
30

50
0
0
1
2
0
1
2
0
=
+=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
+
=
+
=
+=
Conclusion

()
()
()
()
()
()
kC
C
r
C
CC
r
CC
CC
C
C

m
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA
A
AA
m
AA
AAA
A
20
40
50
40

40
2
1
2
1
1
0
0
1
2
===
=
=
=
==
=
+=
=
+
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
=
t
t
Conclusion

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

b)

Solution

b)

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

mol
C
CC
C
C
C
C
A
AA
A
A
A
AA
A

0
0
1
2
0
0
0
=
+
=
+
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()

1
1
1
1
2
1
0
1
2
2
-

A
A

C
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C

Solution

()
1
24
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
=
=
=
+
=
+
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C
A
A
A
AA

Solution

The

The

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

b)

12
kC

A
A
=
-

12
1
12

kC

AA

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

() ()
() ()
()
()
()
() ()

==?=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=-=

12
4
1
0
12
1
12
4
1
12
1
12
4
1
0
12
1
0
12
4
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
12
1
12
4
1
12
1
12
1
12
4
12
1
12
4
1
1
1
1
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
C

C
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

kC

kC

A
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA
A
A

=
1
0
0
1
0
12
4
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

12
1
0
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
1
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A

AA
A
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

C
C
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C

A
4
4
4
12
12
1
0
4

=
+
-

Solution

() ()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

12
12
34
34
0

C
C
A

=
()
() ()
()
()
()

0
50
50

50
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
-

C
C
A

()
() ()

() ()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

50

50

0
50
0

12
12
34
34
0
12
12
2
0
1
0
12
0
0

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=

=
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
C
C

C
C

C
C
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C
C
C
C
C

Solution

b)
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
1
3
4
5
6

2
1
2
February 1
12
C
C

1
5
4
3
4
C
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

3
9
6
5
2
C
C

W
V

Solution

1
1
1
+

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

()
20

3
m
mol

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

3
m
mol

There
() ()
() ()
() ()
()
3
3
3
800
3
3
800
3
3

20

C
C

mol
Y
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
=-=-=

==
-

C
C

Y
Y

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
0
20
40
60
80
100
120

1
10
100

()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
0

=
=
=

kkk
A
X
A

1
2
3
2
X
M
C

C
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
3
3
3
12
12
1
0
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
12
12
2
12
1
12
12
3
3
0

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
A
A
C
C

C
C

Solution

C
C

6
4
4
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

3
23
1
0
23
=
-

C
A

L
9

Solution

()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
() ()
A
A
A
A
A
A
AA
AA
A
A
X
X

X
X

r
A
+
=
=
=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
1
1

1
0

1
2
2
02
1
01
2
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
A
A
X
A
A
r
A
t
b)

Solution

()
()
C

mol
C
C
X
r
CX

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

r
A
A
AA
m

70

0
0
=

=
==
-

Solution
()
() ()
() ()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

7
2
2
7
3
3
7
1
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

or
or
or
There

Solution
Constant density system

313
1
313
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1
=
=
=
+
=
=
=
=+=

=
-

X
X
t
t

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

()
()
1
()
()
()
()
4
4
() ()
01
0
0
01

01
0
==
=
=
=
=
=
=
-

A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
A
t
L
C
A
A
1
1000
0
0
0
0
===
===
t

0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Conversion

Solution

()
()
()
C
r
CX
L
r
m
A
A
m
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
1
1000

4
4
0
0
0
0
0
4
1
0
0
==
=
==
=
t
t
b)
()
()
() ()

mol

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
1
0
0

or

Solution
()
() ()
() ()

0
0

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
4
1
4
4
1
4
4
1
C
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
A
A
A
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

t
t
t
t

Solution
() ()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
4
=
=
-

Solution
()
()
() ()
()
3
0
0

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
r
CX
mol
r
X
X
r
e
e
X
X

m
A
AA
m
A
A
AAA
A
A
==
=
-=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
+
==
+
=
t
t

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

()
() ()

6
3
February 1
1
==
-

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
+
=
+
=
=
=
+
=
+
=
=
A

A
r
r
A

r
r
r
r

Solution

() ()
()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
()

X
X
CX
r
CX
v
V
AA
A

A
AA
m
AA
A
AA
A
m

1
300
300
400

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

300
1
400
1
300
1
400

10
1
February 1
0
1
1
0
1
February 1
0
0

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

==
=

=
=
===
=

=
=
=
==
t
C
A

L
10

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

For
Solution
1
February 1
1
February 1

r
r

A
A
=
=
-

CA

2
Solution
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
kC

r
r
1
2
1
2
=
-

Solution
A

A
A
kC
kC
r
r
1
2
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
1
2
=
-

2
Solution

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

3.

Solution

()

2
2
=
=
=
AA
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA
A
CC
A
CC
C
A

A
C

b)
VvL
CC
CC
r
CC
AA
AA
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA

0
===
=
=
=
=
t
t

Solution
0

==
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
2

AA
AA

()
()
()
()
() ()
VL
C
C
CC
r

C
CC

C
CC
A
A
A
AA
A
A
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
AA
AA
AA

1
1

0
2
0
2
0
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
==
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
+
+
+
=
=
=
=+=
=-=

+
+
+
=
=

t
t

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

+
Product

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Our

Solution

0
2
A

-RA

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

If

Solution

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

February 1

Solution
()
() ()
() ()

90
30
30

1
2
2
1
0
2
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
2
1
2
=-=-=
=
=
=

=
==
==
===

C
C

e
e
e

A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

or

Solution

No
reactor

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

+=

+
+
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

-=
=
==?=
+
=
-

=-=

+
=
+
=-=
=
+
+
=
+
=
=
=
-

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
/
1
0
/
0
February 1
3
February 1
1
0
0
0
3
0
3
1
!
0
3
1
0
1
3
1
1
3
1
1
()
()
()
() ()
1
3
February 1
3
3
February 1
1
1
3
1
February 1
3
February 1
1
February 1
3
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

3
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
()
()
() ()
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
A
A
A
AA
AA
A
AA
A
A
C
C
C
C
kkk
C
C
C
C

C
C
C
C
CC

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C

C
C

r
r

A
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
A
A
A
kkk

C
C
kkk

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

3
February 1
()
1
3
1
0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

February 1
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
1
3
1
1
0
February 1
()
0
1
()

0
0
1

t
t

+-=
-

+
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
-=
=

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

February 1
3

Conclusion
If
The
() ()

1
1
2
2
1
0
2
=
-

=
-

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
t
t
s

C
C
A

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
3

The

Solution
()
()
()
1
4
100
3
1
3
2
75
2
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
1
50
25
3
4
3
3
2
February 1
2
1
01
1
==
==
==
==
AA
A
A
AA
A
AA
AA
A
AA
A
AA
r
r
r

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

r
t
t
t
t

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
() ()
() ()
VL
2
1
2
100
75
50
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1
2
2
1
3
3
1
2
2
2
==?=
==?=
==?=
=
=
t
t
t
t
t
t

3
1
3

4
1
4

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

() ()
() ()

VL
A
A
A
4
1
4
3
1
3
2
1
2
100
75
50

3
2
1
1
2
2
1
3
3
1
2
2
2

==?=
==?=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

==?=
=
=
t
t
t
t
t
t

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

C
CC
CC
C
C
CC
CC
C
C
CC
CC
C
A
A
AA
AA
A
A
A
AA
AA
A
A
A
AA
AA
A
2

2
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

4
2
4
4
2
4
2
4
3
2
3
3
2
3
2
3
2
2
2
2
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
A

L
5

Solution
=
=
==
A
A
X
A
A
A
X
AAA
A
A
r

s
0
0
0
0
()
t
t
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Conclusion

Solution
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
()
()
()
=
=
=

t
t
t

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

s
r
r

A
A
A
A
X
A
A
A
X
A
A
A
X
A
A
A
X
AAA
A
A

W
Solution
A?R

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

The

Solution
() ()

1
0
0
0
0
0
0
=
=
=
v
CX
v
V
A
AAA
()
1
2
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
==
=
A
A
A
AA
AA
X
v
CX
v
V

0
2
4
6
8
10
Conversion
M

Solution
()
()
() ()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

() ()
() ()

L
mol
mol
L

r
M

A
A
A
A
A
A
X
AAA
A
A
X
A
A

AAA
AA

1
1
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
10
1
1
February 1
2
100
200
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
===
=
=
=
==
=
=
==

t
t
t
t
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
()
()
1

100

1
1

1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
==

==?=
===
X
X
X
X

C
r
C
v
V
X
X
CX
X
X
X
X
C
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
A
X
AA
A
A
X
A
A
AA
AAA
AA

AA
t
t

Solution
life
()
()
()
()
1
0

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=

AA
AA
() ()
()

1
110
=
+
=
+
=
=
=
m
m
A
A
A
AA
AA
A
AA
m

X
CX
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

r
CX
t
t
t

Solution
()

100
1
1

0
0
1
=
-=
=

=
===
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
AA
A
A
AA
AA
A
AA
m

AAA
AA

X
X
X
X
CX
r
CX
v
V
X
X
X
CX
X
t

Solution
()
()
()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
v
V
C
C
C
C
C
r
r
v
V

AA
C
C
C
A
C
A
C
C
C
AA
A
A
A
C
A
X
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
A

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
===
=-=
+
=
+
=
=
==
t
t
t
t

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
() ()
()
A
A
AA
A
A
AA
A
X
X
and
to
L
L
mol
mol
C
X
-

=
=
=
===
+
-

1
50
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

50
2
100
1
0
0
0
0

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Conversion

Solution
Constant density system
() ()
()
3
0
0

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C
CC
r
CC
m
m

A
m
=
=
=-=-=
+
=
=
t
t
t

Solution
()
()
()
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
2
100
200
1

r
CX
AA
m
AAA
A
B
B
AAA
A
AA
m
=
=
==
===
=
t
t
t

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
() ()
()
L
C
F
v

C
X
A
A
A
A
AA
A
A
100
10
3

10
1
1
3
2
4
0
0
0
0
0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
0
===
===
=
+

==

=
t
t

Solution
() ()
()
()
()
()
L
C
X
r
C
r
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

X
X
X
CX

CX
f
CX
C
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
AA
A
AA
e
AA
660
54
660
3
February 1
1
3
February 1
3
1
1
1
0
0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

==
=
=
=

=
+
=

+
=
=
t

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
()
()
()
() ()
2

1
3
2
1
1
1
660
330
2
February 1
0
2
0
2
0
2
2
0
0
0
CX
X
rCX
X
X
X
X
X
C
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
r
CX
m
AA
m
A
A
A
A
A
AA
A
A
A
AA
m
===
=
=
+
=

-=
+
==
=
=
t
t
t
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
()
()
()
()
()
()

1
1
180
1000
1
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
=
=
+
=
+
===
+
=
+
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
==
A
AA
A
AA
AA
AAA
m
A
A
A
AA
A
AAA
A
A
AA
m
X
X
CX
v
V
X
CX
X
r
CX
v
V
t
t

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
()
()
3
0
0
0
0

1
2

1
s
s
v
V

X
A
A
A
A
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
=
+
==
t

Solution
A
A
A
A
X
X
L
L
v
V
=
-

===
1
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

240

2
0
0
t
t
() ()

+
=
+
=

kC
X
t
t

Solution
A
AA
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
AA
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
AA
m
C
C
C
C
C
X
V
v
V
r
CX
+
=
+
=
=
=
1
!
1
120
0
0
0
0
0
t

1
10
100

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
2
250
250
900
2
AA
A
A
rC
r
kC
n
-=
==
=
=
=

Solution
()
V
r
CC
r
r
A
m
AA
A
A
AA
m

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
t
t

1
10
100
1000

1200

1
L
r
AA
A
A
-=
==
-

CA
-RA
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

+
+
=
=
1
01

2
A
A
A
C
A
C
r
r
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
1
6
1
1
5
1
2
=

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

r
r
r
r
r
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
C
A
A
=
+
=
=
=

()

1
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
r
t

Solution
()
()
C
v
V
r
CX
A
m
m
AA
m
1,2

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
0
0
0
0
===
=
t
t
t
t
b)
0
0
1

A
A
A
A
C
r
X
F
V
==
=

0
1
2
3
4
5

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

r
X
F
V
A

0
==
==
=
L
r
X
F
V
C

A
A
A
A

0
0
==
=
=-=-=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
1
1
1
10
0
0
0
0
=
=
+
=
==
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
AA
A
A
AA
m
and
C
C
C
C
X
V
V
r
r
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

CX
v
V
t

1000

AA
A
A
rC
r
kC
n

50

-=
==
=
=

Solution
m

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
m
CC
r
r
CC
t
t
=

0
1
2
3
4
5
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

1
1
1
1

1
1
2
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
r
CC

3
=
-

Solution

()
0
0
1
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
A
A
A

C
=
=

()
AA
A
A
A
rC
s

20

-=
==
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
()
() ()
s
L
s
L
mol
C
X
X
v
A
A
A
A
A

0
0
0
0
0
0
=
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
===

Solution
() ()
s
CX
r
CX
m
AA
AA
A
AA
m

1
0
0
===
=
-

=
t
t

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
A

L
5
C
A

L
6
A stream of a reagent solution (1 mol / L) passes through reactor
mixed in series. The concentration of A at the exit of the first
reactor is 0.5 mol / L. Find the concentration of A to the output of the second
reactor. The reaction is second order with respect to A and V2/V1 = 2
Solution
() ()
()
() ()
()

4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

February 1
2
2
2
February 1
2
February 1
0
1
0
2
2
1
1
01
1
01
0
1
1
=
=
=
=
=
===
=
=
=
=
==
A
A
AA
A
AA
A
AA
A
AA
A
AA
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA
C
C
CC
C
kC
CC
r
CC
v
V
v
V
CC
r
CC
v
V
t
t
t
t

Solution
Si-rA = k CA
n and n> 0 it is convenient
Suppose that rA = k-CA and that the activity is proportional to the
concentration
1716
7
7
1
1
0
1
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

01
1
1
0
0
1
=-=-=
=
==?=
A
A
A
AA
A
A
A
A
C
kC
kC
CC
C
C
Input activity
Output Activity
C
C
t
t
If the tank divided into 2 V '= V / 2
()
16
4 4 16 1
1314
1314
3
2
0
2
2
0
2
1
1
0
2
2
1
1
1
0
1
February 1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

===?=

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
kkk
t
t
t
The radioactivity of output will be 1 / 16 of input
A stream of reactants in aqueous solution (4 mol / L) passes through a
mixed reactor followed by a plug flow reactor. Halle
output concentration plug flow reactor where the concentration
in the complete mix tank is 1 mol / L. The reaction is second
order with respect to A and the volume of the piston is 3 times that of the mixture.
Solution
()
()
C
V
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

r
v
V
v
V
CC
r
CC
v
V
A
A
AA
m
C
C
A
C
C
AA
C
A
C
A
C

m
A
AA
A
m
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
3
1
3
3
1
2
2
021
1
2

0
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
=

===
=
=
=
=
==
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

t
t
t
t

Solution

4
2
3
4
4
3
3
3
3
2
February 1
2
3
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

01
1
1234
CC
CC
CC
CC
A
AAA
AA
m
A
AAA
AA
m
A
AAA
AA
m
A
AAA
AA
m
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
=
=
=
t
t
t
t

1
10
100

1
2
A
A
C
X
t
n
2

2
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

-=
=
=

Solution
()
()
()
()
() ()
()
2
2
1
1
1
February 1
1

1
14

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

N
N
m
A
m
m
A
V
V
X

===
=
+
+
=
+
+
=
=
+
=
+
=

===
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

==
t
t
t
t
t
t
t

Solution

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

C
0
0
0
0

==

1
10
100

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
AA
A
AA
C
CC
=
0

0
10
20
30
40
50
60

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1,2

() ()
A
A
AA
AA
r

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

r
A
A
A
A
A
X
A
AA
X
A
A
AA
1
0
0
0
0
0
-

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

() ()
()
A
A
A
A
AA
AA
A
AA
AA
A
X
X
X

2
February 1
1
1
1
=

=
+
+
=

() ()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

s
L
F
v
s
A
AA

1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1

1
1
2
0
0
0
0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
0
0
==

=
=
=

t
t
t
Problem 6.7 (p. 148)
You want to treat 10 L / min of a liquid diet containing 1 mol
A / L and achieve XA = 0.99. The stoichiometry and kinetics
are given by
A?R
0.2 Lmin
mol
C
rC
A
A
A+
-=
Suggest a good deal to do this using 2 mixing tanks
complete and find the size of units
Solution
The jet selection criteria is to work with maximum speed
possible
Should be placed in series and the shape of the curve should be the first
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

higher. Constant density system

() ()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
() A
A
A
A
AA
AA
A
A
AA
A
AAA
A
A
A
AA
X
X
X
X
CX
rCX
r
CX
r
and C X X
r
X
r
CX
=
+=
+-=
=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
1,2
1
0,2 1
1
0,2 1
1
0,99
0
0
0,99
01
2
021
2
1
1
1
01
1tt
We will employ the method of maximization of rectangles that proposed
text
XA 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.95 0.99
-RA 0.83 0.8 0.75 0.67 0.5 0.33 0.2 0.0478
1 / (-rA) 1.20 1.25 1.33 1.5 2 3 5 21
When AC ? 0,-rA ? 0
When AC ? 8, ? 1-rA
-RA
1
CA
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
Conversion
1 / (-rA)
() ()
()
() ()
()
VL
VvL
VvL
total
total
27 19 36
2.7 1.89 4.59 min
1,89 10 19
1 0.99 0.9 21 1.89 min
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2,7 10 27
1 0.9 3 2.7 min
210
2
110
1
=+=
=+=
===
=-=
===
==
t
t
t
t
t
Checking
() () () ()
() () () ()
4.65 min 4.69 min

==
==

Solution
Constant density system because it varies Ftotal
()
t
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
A
A
r
C
C
-=
0

s
r
A
A
3
1
1
1
1

1
1
2
20

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

b)
s
r
CC
A

=
-

Solution

()
() ()
()
() ()
r
A
r
r
r
v
v
v

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
0
0
0
0

1
1
=
=
=
+
+
+
+
==
+
t
t
t

Solution
Constant density system because it varies Ftotal

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
()
() ()
(2)
1

1
(1)

2
1
1
2
X
X
X
X

X
r

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
A
AAA

=
=
=
==
+
=
(2)

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1,2

2
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
1 / (-rA)
(1)
(2)
It

Solution

=
1

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70

()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

s
CX
r
CX
AA
AA
A
AA
m
200
100
0
===
=
=
=
=
t
t

()
() ()

100
2
2
2
2
=
=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
A
AA
AA
AA
m
X

Solution

m
A
AA
AA
X
CX
v
V
t
t
t
+
==
110
0
0
()
()
()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

() ()
()
() ()
()
m
AA
A
A
A
AA
m
A
AA
m
AA
AAA
m

X
X
X

V
t
t
t
t
t
+

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
=
+

=
=
=
1
1
1
01
1
1
0
0
0
V
V

Solution
()
()
()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
20
400
100
2
February 1
2
1
1
1
1
0
February 1
=
+
=
+
=
=
+
=
+
=
===
m
A
m
m
A

v
V
t
t
t
t

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
() ()
()
()
192
192
1
192
1
96
1
2
0
2
1
0
1
=
=
=
A
A
A
A
A
A
m
m
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
m
r
C
r
C

r
r
t
t
t
t
t
n

192
1
2
192
192
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
L
mol

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

r
n
kC
kC
r
r
AA
A
A
A
A
n
n
A
A
A
A
-=

==
=

=
-

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

40
10
400
1
1
01
r
CC
A
A
AA
2
1
2
1
1
1
8
50
400
50
400
A
A
m
A
A
m
r
C
r
C
===
===
t
t
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

8
8

1
1
1
r
C
A
A
A
A
=
=
-

()
2
2
1
2
1
2
1

AA
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
n
A
A
A
A
rC
mol
L
C
n
C
C
kC
kC
r
r
-=
==
=

Solution
()
() ()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

() ()
() ()

=
=
+
=
=
=
=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
==
===

1
70
69
1
1
70
69
1

70
2
140

2
2
2
2
0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
2
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
2
A
A
A
A
X
A
A
X
AA
A
X
AA
A
X
to
A
A
A
A
AA
m
X
X
X
X
v
v
X

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

r
v
v

X
r
CX
v
M
A
AAA
t
t
t
()
L
X
X
X
X
X
A
A
A
A
A

1
70
1
70
0
2
2
2
2
2
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

===
=
=
=

()

2
2

2
2
=
-=
A
A
A
X
A
X
A
A
X
X

A
A
t
Today you get a conversion of 2 / 3 when carried out
elementary reaction in liquid phase 2 A ? 2 R in a flow reactor
What will be achieved if XA
eliminates the recycling?
Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
() ()
()
()
()
3
1
1
3
3
9
4
3
3
3

1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
=
+
=
+
=
+
=
==
==

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
=
+
A
A
A
A
A
AA
A

kC
kC
X
X
C
C
CC
kC
C

kC
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

t
t
t
t
t
The

Solution
Constant density system because it varies Ftotal

()
()
()

0,99
1
1
1
1
0,99
0,99
0,99
0
=
+
-

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
+
+
=
=
==
A
A
AA
A
A
A
A
C
C
x

CC
r
t
t
b)

=
=
=
=
AA
AA
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA
A
AA
CC
r
CC
r
To decide which is the arrangement we have to see how it varies with the CA-rA
0

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

CA
-RA
As there is a CA for which the velocity is maximum. Let
find that value exactly.

A
A
A
=
()
()

1
1
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=+=
=
+
=
=
=
total
A
A
AA
to
m
C
C
CC
t
t
t

complete.

If
Solution
m

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

m
CC
r
r
CC
t
t
=

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
CA
-RA

s
r
CC

=
-

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
2
10
-

()
s
s
s
C
s
s
s
C
total
m
A
total
m
A

2
10
80

2
10
90
1
1
=
=
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
=
=
=+=
=
t
t
t
t
t
t

10
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

Solution

v
V

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

() ()

+-

+-

++=
+
+
=
+
AA
A
AA
A
AA
AA

V
3
3
3
3
3
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
3
1

3
5
1
1
0
0
0
0

=
==
-

=
A
A
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
X
e
X
X
X
X

Solution

n
+
=
+

=
18
18
1
() ()
A
AA
AA
AA
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
AAA
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
kC

1
1
1
200
18
1
200
1
1

0
0
0
+
=
=
+
=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
+
=
+
=
() () () ()
()
() () () ()
() ()
()
X

A
AA
A
A

182
42
182

2
2
2
==
=
==
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
==
C
A

L
7

?
?

respectively.
Solution

()
()
3
1
1
2
1
February 1
3
2
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
February 1
3
2
2
0
0
1
1

kC
r
A
A
AA
A
A
A
A
=
-=
=
+
=
+
=
+
=
=
-

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

2
2

CA

CA

Solution
()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
()
()
C
C
CC

CC
CC
CC
CC
CC

A
A
A
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
C
C
A
C
C
A
A
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

3
2

5
(2)
(1)
3
2

2
2
2
February 1
2
1
2
1
1
01
1
0
0
February 1
1
0
February 1
1
0
February 1
1
February 1
1
=
=
+
==
==
+
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
=
=
+
+
-=
+
+
=
=
t
t

Solution
()
()
()

1
1
1
2
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
2
2
2
2
February 1
February 1
2
1
February 1
February 1
February 1
1
2
01
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
+
=
+
==
==
=
+
=
+
=
=

+
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
=
+
=
==
AA
AA
A
AA
AA
AA
AA

A
CC
CC
C
CC

CC

kC
kC
C
C
t
t
t

C
kC
CC
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
AA
m
A

2
2
2
February 1
2
2
2
=

+
=
=

+
=
=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

4
1
February 1
1
1
2
2
2
1
0
3
1
3
=
+
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
=

=
-

+
==
=
=-=
=
AA
AA
m

A
f
AA
m
A
CC
C
kC
C
X
t

=
+
=
+
=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

40
4
40
4
2
2
2
AA
A
AA
A
C
A
C
A
CC

r
A
A
A
t

C
C
C
C
x

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
AA
A
A
A

1
1

1
4
40
2
2
1
()
40
4
2
40
4
40
4
40
4
40
4
=
==
+
+
=
+
==
=
+
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
+
==
+
+

t
() ()
()
CC
C
CC
C

+
-=
+
=-=
0
2
1
0
,
1
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C
A
m

(5)
0
5
40
()
()
2
2
2
2
1
2
0
0
=
+
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
+
=
=
+
==
+
=
+
=

+
=
m

CC
C

C
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

CC
C
C
kC
CC
C
t

Solution
2
February 1
1
2
February 1
1
A
A
AA
A

kC
r
r
A
kC
r

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
=
-

+
=
+

+
b)

=
+
0
1
2
2
1
0
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
1
2
2

C
A
C
A
A
C
C

AAA

(1)
2
1
2
2

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
1
AA

1
1,2

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

3
2
1
1
February 1
1
1
2
0
0
2
2
0
+
+
=
+
=
=
A
A
AA
A
C
C
CC

b)
AA
CC

February 1
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
1
2
1
1
February 1
2
2
A
A
AA
A
C
CC
C
=

()
()
()
() A
AA
A

A
A
A
AA
A
A
A
C
CC
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

CC

C
C

C
C
C
=
=

+
+
+
=
=
4
2
)
5
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1
1
()
2
2
1
2
1
2
0
4
0
2
4
0

C
CC
CC

CC
A
AA
AA
A
AA
AA
3
1
3
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
3
3
3
2

2
2

=
=
=
=

=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
2
2
1
AA
AA
A
CC
CC
C
=

()
()
()

()
Checking
CC

CC
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
CC
CC
C

A
AA

AA
A
A
AA
A
A
A
AA

9
8
2
2

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
(5)
)
1
6
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
5
0
2
2
2
2
-=
==
-=
==
==
=
=
=

=
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
+
+
=

Solution

1
1,2

()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

(2)
(1)
16
0
0
0

CC

C
m
AAA
AA
m
AAA
A
t
t
=
=
=
them

12
AAA
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

() ()
()
()

CC

d
m
A
AA
AAA
A

0
3
3
3

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
2
==
=
=-=
=
-=
=
=
t

=
=+=
=

=
=
1
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
3
3
3
2
4
2
2

2
2
2
1
2
0
f
i
A
C
A

i
i
A
r

C
A
t

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1
2

1
29
1
2
1
96
1
29
1
2
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

V
m
96
1
3
0
=
+

2
A
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
1
1
0
1
1
0
2
2
2
0
0
f
i
A
C
A
f
i
A
C
C
r

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
t

VL
r
r
C
A
A
A
A

f
2
1
2
1
4
10
4
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

3
+
=
=

t
t
t

A?R

Solution
A
AA
C
CC
C
=
==

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
2
1
1
0
0
-=
+
=

=
f
i
A
C
C
C
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

25
=
A
A
A
C
C

Checking

Solution

F
30
0
0

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

X
X
C
CX
C
C
m
A
A
A
AA
m

3
0
===
==
==
=
t
100
56
100
56
156
3
===
===
=-=
-

B
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
C
C
C
r
r

29
1
29
1
30
1
30
+
=
+
CA

AA
() ()
()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

() ()
()
0
0

Solution

A
-

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1,2

b)

2
2

2
2

2
Solution
()
()
()
()
() ()
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
r
VvL
s
r
CC
A
A
A
A
A
A
AA
m

2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1

0
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
0
2
1
01
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

===
+
+
==
+
+
+
=
=
===
=
+
=
=

t
t
t
t
t

Solution
2
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
AA
A
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
A
AA
A
A
A
r
CC
C
CC
C
CC
C
C
r
r

+
+
=
=

() () () ()
()
()
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
1
1
A
A
A
AA
A
A
A
A
C
C
C
CC
C
C
C

+
+
+
+
+
==

()
() ()
()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
-=
+
+
=
=
=
+
+
A
AA
A
AA
C
C
CC
C
CC

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1,2

2
1
2
1
2
1
==
=
+
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
+
=
m
m
m
m
m
m
V
V
t
t
t
t

C
A

L
8

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

previous

Solution
1

0
0
0
=
=
==?=
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
X
X
C
C
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C
C
C
C
C
C

VL
X
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

b)
()
C
C
kC
CC
VL

C
C
A
A
A
A
AA

1
10
167

1
1
1
1
0
2
February 1
2
2
2
1
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
0
==
=

+
=

+
=
t
t
Summary

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

A?R

February 1
February 1

+
n
Conclusion
A?R
n

()
()
()
()
()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
()
CC
C

CC

AA
AAA
A
AAA
AAA
30

50
0
0
1
2
0
1
2
0
=
+=
=
+
=
+
=
+=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Conclusion

()
()
()
()
()
()
kC
C
r
C
CC
r
CC
CC
C
C

m
A
AA
A
AA
m
AA
AAA
A
20
40

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

50
40

40
2
1
2
1
1
0
0
1
2
===
=
=
=
==
=
+=
=
+
=
+
=
t
t
Conclusion

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

b)

Solution

b)

mol
C
CC
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C
C
C
A
AA
A
A
A
AA
A

0
0
1
2
0
0
0
=
+
=
+
=

()

1
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1
2
1
0
1
2
2
-

A
A

C
C
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

()
1
24
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
=
=
=
+
=
+
=

C
C
A
A
A
AA

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

The

The

Solution

b)

12

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

kC

A
A
=
-

12
1
12

kC

AA

() ()
() ()
()
()
()
() ()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

==?=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=-=

12
4
1
0
12
1
12
4
1
12
1
12
4
1
0
12
1
0
12
4
1
12
1
12
4
1
12
1
12
1
12
4
12
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
12
4
1
1
1
1
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

kC

kC

A
A
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA
A
A

=
1
0
0
1
0
12
4
12
1
0
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A

AA
A
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

C
C

C
C

A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

4
4
4
12
12
1
0
4

=
+
-

Solution

() ()
12
12
34
34
0

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C
A

=
()
() ()
()
()
()

0
50
50

50

=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C
A

()
() ()

() ()

50

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

50

0
50
0

12
12
34
34
0
12
12
2
0
1
0
12
0
0

=
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
C
C

C
C

C
C

C
C
C
C
C
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

b)

2
1
3
4
5
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
1
2
February 1
12
C
C

1
5
4
3
4
C
C

3
9
6
5
2
C
C
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

W
V

Solution

1
1
1
+

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

()
20

3
m
mol

3
m
mol

There
() ()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

() ()
() ()
()
3
3
3
800
3
3
800
3
3

20

C
C

mol
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
=-=-=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

==
-

C
C

Y
Y

Solution
0
20
40
60
80
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

100
120

1
10
100

()

0
0

=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=

kkk
A
X
A

1
2
3
2
X
M
C

C
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
3
3
3
12
12
1
0
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
12
12
2
12
1
12
12
3
3
0

=
A
A
C
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C

Solution

C
C

6
4
4
3
23
1
0
23
=
-

=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
A

L
9

Solution

()
()
() ()
A
A
A
A
A
A
AA
AA
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
X
X

X
X

r
A
+
=
=
=
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
1
1

1
0

1
2
2
02
1
01
2
1

=
A
A
X
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
A
r
A
t
b)

Solution

()
()
C

mol
C
C
X
r
CX
r
A
A
AA
m

70

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
0
=

=
==
-

Solution
()
() ()
() ()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

7
2
2
7
3
3
7
1
1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

or
or
or
There

Solution
Constant density system

313
1
313
1
1
1
=
=
=
+
=
=
=
=+=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
-

X
X
t
t

Solution

()
()
1
()
()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
()
4
4
() ()
01
0
0
01

01
0
==
=
=
=
=
=
=
-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
A
t
L
C
A
A
1
1000
0
0
0
0
===
===
t

0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Conversion

Solution

()
()
()
C
r
CX
L
r
m
A
A
m
A
A
1
1000

4
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

4
0
0
0
0
0
4
1
0
0
==
=
==
=
t
t
b)
()
()
() ()

mol

2
1
0
0

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

or

Solution
()
() ()
() ()

0
0

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
4
1
4
4
1
4
4
1
C
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
A
A
A
A

A
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

t
t
t
t

Solution
() ()

1
4
=
=
-

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
()
()
() ()
()
3
0
0

1
r
CX
mol
r
X
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

X
r
e
e
X
X

m
A
AA
m
A
A
AAA
A
A
==
=
-=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
+
==
+
=
t
t

Solution

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
() ()

6
3
February 1
1
==
-

=
+
=
+
=
=
=
+
=
+
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
A

A
r
r
A

r
r
r
r

Solution

() ()
()
()
()

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

X
X
CX
r
CX
v
V
AA
A

A
AA
m
AA
A
AA
A
m

1
300
300
400

300
1
400
1
300
1
400
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

10
1
February 1
0
1
1
0
1
February 1
0
0

==
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
===
=

=
=
=
==
t
C
A

L
10

For
Solution
1
February 1
1
February 1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

r
r

A
A
=
=
-

CA

2
Solution
A

A
A
kC

r
r

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
2
1
2
=
-

Solution
A

A
A
kC
kC
r
r
1
2
2
1
2
=
-

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
Solution

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

3.

Solution

()

2
2
=
=
=
AA
A
AA
A
CC
A
CC
C
A

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

A
C

b)
VvL
CC
CC
r
CC
AA
AA
A
AA

0
===
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
=
t
t

Solution
0

==
0
2

AA
AA

()
()
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

()
()
() ()
VL
C
C
CC
r

C
CC

C
CC
A
A
A
AA
A
A
A

A
A
AA
AA
AA

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1

0
2
0
2
0
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
==
=

+
+
+
+
=
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
=
=+=
=-=

+
+
+
=
=

t
t

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

+
Product

Our

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
2
A

-RA

If

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

Solution

February 1

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution
()
() ()
() ()

90
30
30

1
2
2
1
0
2
1

1
2
1
2
=-=-=
=
=
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

=
==
==
===

C
C

e
e
e

or

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

No
reactor

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+=

+
+
=

-=
=
==?=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

+
=
-

=-=

+
=
+
=-=
=
+
+
=
+
=
=
=
-

0
/
1
0
/
0
February 1
3
February 1
1
0
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0
0
3
0
3
1
!
0
3
1
0
1
3
1
1
3
1
1
()
()
()
() ()
1
3
February 1
3
3
February 1
1
1
3
1
February 1
3
February 1
1
February 1
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
()
()
() ()
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
AA
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

AA
A
AA
A
A
C
C
C
C
kkk
C
C
C
C

C
C
C
C
CC

C
C

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C

r
r

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
kkk

C
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
kkk

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

3
February 1
()
1
3
1
0
February 1
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
1
3
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
1
0
February 1
()
0
1
()

0
0
1

t
t

+-=
-

+
=
=

=
-=
=

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

Solution

February 1
3

Conclusion

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

If
The
() ()

1
1
2
2
1
0
2
=
-

=
-

=
t
t
s
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
C
A

Solution

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1
3

The

Solution
()
()
()
1
4
100
3
1
3
2
75
2
1
2
1
50
25
3
4
3
3

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
February 1
2
1
01
1
==
==
==
==
AA
A
A
AA
A
AA
AA
A
AA
A
AA
r
r
r
r
t
t
t
t

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
() ()
() ()
VL
2
1
2
100
75
50

1
1
2
2
1
3
3
1
2
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

2
2
==?=
==?=
==?=
=
=
t
t
t
t
t
t

3
1
3

4
1
4

() ()
() ()

VL
A
A
A
4
1
4
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

3
1
3
2
1
2
100
75
50

3
2
1
1
2
2
1
3
3
1
2
2
2

==?=
==?=
==?=
=
=
t
t
t
t
t
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

C
CC
CC
C
C
CC
CC
C
C
CC
CC
C
A
A
AA
AA
A
A
A
AA
AA
A
A
A
AA
AA
A
2

4
2
file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]

4
4
2
4
2
4
3
2
3
3
2
3
2
3
2
2
2
2
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
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file:///D|/cre.txt[10/2/2010 2:26:39 AM]