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    Introduction To EDM: SGU 2043 Lecture - Week 2

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    Ganeshkumar Sunderajoo
    This document provides an overview of the history and development of electronic distance measurement (EDM) equipment in surveying. It discusses the transition from early mechanical measurement methods that were laborious and time-consuming to the development of EDM technologies starting in the 1940s. The summary outlines the key generations of EDM development, from the earliest models in the 1940s-1950s using light and radio waves to measure distance, to the emergence of total stations and digital recording in later decades. Current EDM technologies integrate robotic capabilities and allow one-person operation.

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    Introduction To EDM: SGU 2043 Lecture - Week 2

    Uploaded by

    Ganeshkumar Sunderajoo
    120 views19 pages
    This document provides an overview of the history and development of electronic distance measurement (EDM) equipment in surveying. It discusses the transition from early mechanical measurement methods that were laborious and time-consuming to the development of EDM technologies starting in the 1940s. The summary outlines the key generations of EDM development, from the earliest models in the 1940s-1950s using light and radio waves to measure distance, to the emergence of total stations and digital recording in later decades. Current EDM technologies integrate robotic capabilities and allow one-person operation.

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    This document provides an overview of the history and development of electronic distance measurement (EDM) equipment in surveying. It discusses the transition from early mechanical measurement methods that were laborious and time-consuming to the development of EDM technologies starting in the 1940s. The summary outlines the key generations of EDM development, from the earliest models in the 1940s-1950s using light and radio waves to measure distance, to the emergence of total stations and digital recording in later decades. Current EDM technologies integrate robotic capabilities and allow one-person operation.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    120 views19 pages

    Introduction To EDM: SGU 2043 Lecture - Week 2

    Uploaded by

    Ganeshkumar Sunderajoo
    This document provides an overview of the history and development of electronic distance measurement (EDM) equipment in surveying. It discusses the transition from early mechanical measurement methods that were laborious and time-consuming to the development of EDM technologies starting in the 1940s. The summary outlines the key generations of EDM development, from the earliest models in the 1940s-1950s using light and radio waves to measure distance, to the emergence of total stations and digital recording in later decades. Current EDM technologies integrate robotic capabilities and allow one-person operation.

    Copyright:

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    of 19

    UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

    Introduction to EDM
    SGU 2043 Lecture - Week 2

    Contents

    EDM - Introduction Distance measurement by mechanical method Limitation in conventional means of distance measurement EDM development history

    EDM - Introduction
    Electronic distance measurement (EDM) equipments were the earliest electronic instrumentation in surveying

    Digital theodolite

    Digital level

    Digital gyro theodolite

    EDM - introduction
    Prior to EDM distances were measured by mechanical means or using optical method. Mechanical chain wires and/or invar tapes. Optical subtense bar system.

    Distance measurement by mechanical method

    Catenary taping

    Conventional distance measuring - limitations Laborious (man-power)

    Time consuming

    Limited length

    unproductive

    EDM invention

    EDM development history

    1. 2. 3. 4.

    Earlier era (late 40s - early 50s) Second generation (late 50s) Third generation (in 70s) New generation (80s ~ 90s) Current generation new millennium (2000 - )

    5.

    EDM - Pioneer era

    The patent of Geodimeter

    The first EDM (1947) Dr Erik Bergstrand Geodimeter AGA EDM using light wave

    Invented by Dr Erik Bergstrand

    EDM AGA Model 1 (1953)

    EDM AGA Model 1 (1953) The first commercial EDM

    EDM - Pioneer era

    EDM AGA Model 1

    What is AGA ? Aktiebolaget Gasacumulator Co Swedish / Svenska term A largest electro-optical in Sweden
    AGA 6A (1964)

    (1953)

    Earlier EDM
    In some references the name of AGA EDM is quoted as Geodimeter NASM

    Geodimeter NASM 2A (1955)

    Geodimeter Early History

    Size ? - Huge

    Weight ?

    Distance range ? 30 35 km Why?

    EDM - Earlier era

    The second type of EDM (1957) Dr Trevor L Wadley (South Africa) Tellurometer EDM using radio wave The first commercial product MRA 101 (1962)
    Tellurometer MRA 101 (1962)

    Second Generation EDM (late 50s & 60s) The continued development of earlier AGA EDM model 4/4A (1958); 4B (1959) and 4D (1963) Increase in distance range for shorter range EDM (up to 3 miles/5km) Model 4L (1968) capable to measure up to 21km in daylight and 42 km during night Model 8 (1967) long range EDM using He-Ne laser Model 76 (1972) short range EDM using laser

    Second generation EDM (late 50s 60s)

    AGA Model 6A (1964)

    The third generation (in 70s)


    The earlier era of EDM was dominated by AGA Geodimeter but by 70s saw the emergence of new competitor - Wild Heerbrugg of Switzerland Wild has produced Distomat DI10 in 1968

    Wild Distomat DI10 (1968)

    Distance measured is display in digital form

    EDM the third generation (contd.)


    Beside Wild there is yet another competitor Hewlett-Packard (HP) based in the USA HP model 3800 (1970) The emergence of a new class of EDM - total station Among the earliest total stations were AGA 700 (1970) and AGA 710 (1971) By late 70s the EDM industry was imitated by the Japanese company eg. Sokkisha SDM-1C (1976); Topcon DM-C2 (1979); Nikon ND-250/160 (1981)

    History of EDM - The new generation (in late 80s and 90s)

    The introduction of automation capability in surveying The emphasis on digital recording of observation data (eg. electronic fieldbook) The introduction of field to finish concept
    Total station + Electronic field book

    Current generation of EDM - new millennium (2000 - ..) The current trend includes robotic instrumentation and one-man operation

    Trimble 5600 Robotic Total Station

    Capable of incorporating the possibility to integrate with the GPS system Zeiss S20 Robotic Total Station

    SGU 2043
    http://elearning.utm.my

    19

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