In 1865, an engineer named Fredrik Idestam established a wood-pulp mill and started manufacturing paper in southern Finland near

the banks of a river. Those were the days when there was a strong demand for paper in the industry, the company's sales acheived its high-stakes and Nokia grew faster and faster. The Nokia exported paper to Russia first and then to the United Kingdom and France. The Nokia factory employed a fairly large workforce and a small community grew around it. In southern Finland a community called Nokia still exists on the riverbank of Emkoski. Finnish Rubber Works, a manufacturer a Rubber goods, impressed with the hydro-electrcity produced by the Nokia wood-pulp (from river Emkoski), merged up and started selling goods under the brand name on Nokia. After World War II, it acquired a major part of the Finnish Cable Works shares. The Finnish Cable Works had grown quickly due to the increasing need for power transmission and telegraph and telephone networks in the World War II. Gradually the ownership of the Rubber Works and the Cable Works companies consolidated. In 1967, all the 3 companies merged-up to form the Nokia Group. The Electronics Department generated 3 % of the Group's net sales and provided work for 460 people in 1967, when the Nokia Group was formed. In the beginning of 1970, the telephone exchanges consisted of electro-mechanical analog switches. Soon Nokia successfully developed the digital switch (Nokia DX 200) thereby replacing the prior electro mechanical analog switch. The Nokia DX 200 was embedded with high-level computer language as well as Intel microprocessors which in turn allowed computer-controlled telephone exchanges to be on the top and which is till date the basis for Nokia's network infrastructure. Introduction of mobile network began enabling the Nokia production to invent the Nordic Mobile Telephony(NMT), the world's very first multinational cellular network in 1981. The NMT was later on introduced in other countries. Very soon Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), a digital mobile telephony, was launched and Nokia started the development of GSM phones. Beginning of the 1990 brought about an economic recession in Finland. (Rumour has it that Nokia was offered to the Swedish telecom company Ericsson during this time which was refused) Due to this Nokia increased its sale of GSM phones that was enormous. This was the main reason for Nokia to not only be one of the largest but also the most important companies in Finland. As per the sources, in August 1997, Nokia supplied GSM systems to 59 operators in 31 countries. Slowly and steadily, Nokia became a large television manufacturer and also the largest information technology company in the Nordic countries. During the economic recession the Nokia was committed to telecommunications. The 2100 series of the production was so successful that inspite of its goal to sell 500,000 units, it marvellously sold 20 million. Presently, Nokia is the number 1 production in digital technologies, it invests 8.5% of net sales in research and development. Also has its annual Nokia Game.

The roots of Nokia go back to the year 1865 with the establishment of a forest industry enterprise in South-Western Finland by mining engineer Fredrik Idestam. Elsewhere, the year 1898 witnessed the foundation of Finnish Rubber Works Ltd, and in 1912 Finnish Cable Works began operations. Gradually, the ownership of these two companies and Nokia began to shift into hands of just a few owners. Finally in 1967 the three companies were merged to form Nokia Corporation. At the beginning of the 1980s, Nokia strengthened its position in the telecommunications and consumer electronics markets through the acquisitions of Mobira, Salora, Televa and Luxor of Sweden. In 1987, Nokia acquired the consumer electronics operations and part of the component business of the German Standard Elektrik Lorenz, as well as the French consumer electronics company Oceanic. In 1987, Nokia also purchased the Swiss cable machinery company Maillefer. In the late 1980s, Nokia became the largest Scandinavian information technology company through the acquisition of Ericsson's data systems division. In 1989, Nokia conducted a significant expansion of its cable industry into Continental Europe by acquiring the Dutch cable company NKF. Since the beginning of the 1990's, Nokia has concentrated on its core business, telecommunications, by divesting its information technology and basic industry operations. Year 2005 The Nokia 6630 imaging smartphone has as the first device in the world achieved global GCF 3G WDCMA Certification. The certification was achieved based on the requirements defined by

Global Certification Forum (GCF), an independent industry body which provides network compliancy requirements and testing for GSM/WCDMA mobile devices. SBS Finland's Kiss FM became the first radio station in the world to begin Visual Radio broadcasts. This unique new concept developed by Nokia offers the listeners the possibility to give feedback and to participate in programs easier than ever before. Nokia introduced a new product for secure mobile contactless payments and ticketing. The world's first Near Field Communications (NFC) product for payment and ticketing will be an enhanced version of the already announced Nokia NFC shell for Nokia 3220 phone. Year 2004 Using Nokia's CDMA DualTop of For m

kia's CDMA Dual-Stack handset, Nokia demonstrated the industry's first Mobile IPv6 call at the 3G s Convention and Exhibition in November. The demonstration highlighted real-time streaming video handoff between two CDMA access networks using Mobile IPv6.

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ed the Nokia NFC (Near Field Communication) shell, the latest step in the development of innovative obile communications, in November. With the Nokia NFC shell on their phone, consumers will be able s a variety of services and conveniently exchange information with a simple touch gesture utilizing y.

kia and TeliaSonera Finland successfully conducted the world's first EDGE-WCDMA 3G packet data commercial network.

t for the Asia-Pacific region, Nokia, MediaCorp Technologies, M1 and the Media Development ngapore jointly showcased a live end-to-end mobile phone TV broadcast over a DVB-H (Digital Video ndheld) network at the Nokia Connection event in Singapore.

as Instruments Incorporated introduced the first pre-integrated and validated Series 60 Reference n based on TI's OMAP(TM) processor-powered reference design in February. The Reference n is available immediately to Series 60 licensees.

kia announced that the world's first cdma2000? 1xEV-DV high-speed packet data phone call was okia's CDMA product creation center in San Diego. The call, achieving a peak data rate of 3.09 de between a test set based on a commercially available Nokia 2285 handset upgraded with a Nokia et and a Racal Instruments, Wireless Solutions Group, 1xEV-DV basestation emulator. This chipset is t to support complete 1xEV-DV Release C functionality.

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kia succesfully made the first 3G WCDMA packet data calls between its commercial network and terminals in its laboratories in Finland. The Nokia 3G WCDMA network and terminal used were ommercial standard level known as 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) Release 99 June 2001 as the first time that packet data has been transmitted end-to-end on a commercial system based mentioned commercial standard.

The WB endor wide-ranging develop poore China betwee 2010. China's latest rises take the to internation standards.

kia introduces the industry first multimedia messaging solution, the Nokia Artuse (TM) MMS ssaging Service) Center, a high-capacity platform for the next wave of mobile messaging. The s operators to introduce multimedia messaging services combining new rich content, such as audio , photographs and images with the traditional text messaging.

Finnish operator Sonera conducted the world's first Wireless LAN roaming based on GSM technology. ng use of Nokia technology that allows mobile operators to offer broadband wireless Internet eless LAN access zones.

kia introduced the world's first IPv6-enabled end-to-end GPRS network. Operators can use Nokia

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to provide their customers with new types of services that bring benefits offered by IPv6, such as lity and end-to-end security.

ed the world's first TETRA WAP browser which brings powerful WAP applications to TETRA obile radio networks. WAP over TETRA provides a new method of data communication for t enables real-time direct access to various customer and technical databases in only a few seconds.

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bined the versatility of WAP with the power of TETRA to introduce the world's first WAP services for onal mobile radio users. The new WAP services have been developed in co-operation with Finnish sinki Energy and Tekla Corporation.

era have completed tests that bring roaming capabilities for IP traffic between GPRS networks for the e world.

ndinavian Airlines Systems announced a partnership to bring Nokia mobile phones to the selection of all international SAS flights. This is the first time mobile phones will be sold on airplanes.

the Nokia LiveSite platform, the world's first WCDMA implementation which is compatible with the ndards for third generation networks.

ully carried out the world's first WAP service over a trial WCDMA system. The tests were completed a, where Chinese language WAP services were transmitted via the WCDMA system and radio

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ng member of the SyncML initiative, announced that it had successfully demonstrated the world's ternet synchronization using the SyncL protocol.

st vendor in the world to bring full mobile IP packet data functionalities into TETRA networks. Nokia icantly enhances access to WAP services and more efficient WAP service development is possible A IP functionalities.

es world's first GPRS roaming between M1 Singapore and Cable and Wireless HKT Mobile Services, s is the first announcement of its kind in the world for GPRS inter-operator roaming.

kia introduced the world's first high-speed data terminal for wireless networks: the Nokia Card Phone ut a four-fold increase in data transmission speed.

d the world's first WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) phone call through a public hone network.

ed the world's first media phone that is based on the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) in Mobile he Nokia 7110 dual band GSM 900/1800 media phone has been designed to enable easy access to nt from a mobile phone.

kia delivered world's first ETSI standard ADSL and IP network to Telecom New Zealand, thereby art of commercial delivery of broadband data services using the ADSL network.

0 Communicator, the first hand-held mobile device supporting wireless imagining.

0 series, the first mobile phones with user-changeable covers.

allest NMT 450 phone, the Nokia 650, sets a new benchmark for NMT 450 technology. As a special ure and first in the market, the Nokia 650 has a built-in FM radio.

1 loopset, an easy to use device for smooth interaction between a hearing aid and a digital mobile rst product of its kind in the world. new solution, the Nokia GSM Intranet Office, giving employees total mobility in the workplace via

ntranet. The world's first GSM Intranet Office combining GSM with office IP telephony.

ligent Frequency Hopping (IFH) solution, part of the Nokia Soft Capacity concept, the first solution of y's GSM markets.

t live High-Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD) network.

e world's first four TETRA networks were delivered by Nokia. for the NMT 450 standard, the Nokia 540, which is the world's first NMT phone with Navi Key.

ation GSM product family, the Nokia 6100 series. New standards for operating times and a set of stry-first features, including audio quality and an entirely new Profile function which enables users to ne settings according to various situations.

n half-rate handportable for the digital PDC standard in Japan. With this introduction, Nokia is the o demonstrate an entirely new, innovative feature for PDC handsets, which enables calling by voice

t GSM dual band base station, the Nokia GSM 900/1800 Dual Band BTS. This provides the possibility M 1800 transceivers (TRXs) into an existing GSM 900 Base station (BTS).

the Helsinki City Energy Company's digital TETRA network was made. The network, called officially elsinki City Energy Company, is the world's first network taken into operative use, according to the d.'

0, the first mobile phone specially designed for Asian consumers.

active telematic wireless health care tool for supporting the treatment of chronic diseases, e.g.,

a new WLL solution, Easyway Access, Nokia became the first supplier on the market to link GSM a wireline local exchange.

t digital satellite receiver with Common Interface, the DVB 9600 S.

acturer to provide a complete Smart Messaging solution, a new direct Internet access service cially designed for mobile phone users, to network operators and service providers.

its Mediamaster DVB 9200S Free-To-Air, and was the first manufacturer to launch a digital satellite UK.

ndportable, the Nokia 3110, with the Navi-Key menu system that allows fast, one-button access to f the phone.

hone offering a new innovative power management solution, the Nokia 1611 with a unique option, attery.

e first digital multimedia terminal in the world, the Nokia Mediamaster.

0 product family, the first with an innovative, ergonomically comfortable design. Chinese character g service and Chinese user interface were launched in the Nokia 8110 mobile phone. Nokia was the rer to offer both simplified and traditional character sets in the same phone.

0, the first available dual mode AMPS/TDMA phone.

0 Communicator, the world's first all-in-one mobile communications tool introduced at the CeBIT

e world's first integrated wireless payphone.

venture, Beijing Nokia Mobile Telecommunications Ltd., was established: the first factory to rge scale GSM systems and equipment in China.

e, the world's smallest base station for GSM/DCS cellular mobile networks.

e first offical GSM call in the People4s Republic of China made on a Nokia phone on Beijing TA4s ed by Nokia.

ean manufacturer to start selling mobile phones in Japan.

t Data Communications Server (DaCS), providing fully digital, fast access to corporate LANs.

t digital cellular data products, including the Nokia PC Card and the Nokia Cellular Data Card. the world's first satellite telephone call with Nokia's pocket-size GSM handset.

acturer to launch series of handportable phones for all digital standards (GSM, TDMA, PCN, Japan okia 2100 was the world's smallest and lightest family of digital products.

e first Personal Communications Network based on GSM 1800 standard delivered by Nokia.

t SMSC (Short Message Service Centre) taken into commercial use in Europolitan's Nokia network.

t credit card size cellular modem card developed with AT&T Paradyne.

e Nokia 1011, the first digital handportable phone for GSM networks.

series, the first family of handportale phones for all analog networks.

e first manufacturer to have a large-scale production-ready GSM phone.

t genuine GSM call made using Radiolinja's network, supplied by Nokia.

e world's first Radio Data System (RDS) and Mobile Search (MBS) text pagers.

e world's first Actionet trunking mobile radio network was brought into operation.

t fast-poll 14,400 bps (bits-per-second) modem.

e world's first ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) exchange conforming to CCITT standards, by Nokia, was brought into use in Finland.

e world's first NMT handportable, the Nokia Cityman.

e world's first portable NMT car telephone, the Nokia Talkman.

rope's first digital telephone exchange, the DX 200.

e world's first international cellular mobile telephone network NMT opened in Scandinavia with Nokia first car phones for the network.

kia introduced the world's first 30-channel PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) transmission equipment he standards of CCITT (Consultative Committee on International Telegraphy and Telephony).

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