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Adjectives: Teacher: Morelba Briceño
Adjectives: Teacher: Morelba Briceño
ADJECTIVES
An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun by describing, identifying, or quantifying words. An adjective often precedes the noun or the pronoun which it modifies.
Adjectives are used to describe colour, material, shape, size, amount, price,
quality, origin, personality, weight, temperature, weight, age, direction, etc. Adjective Usage
Adjectives are placed before the noun. Adjectives can be used with all forms of nouns (see nouns).
My teacher is really nice. I was teaching in a really big high school, while I was working on my master's
degree.
The university that my oldest brother is going to is really nice. The English teacher gave us a hard project to do this year.
Our English teacher is tall and thin. Our professor is a really nice man.
What are superlative adjectives? Superlative adjectives are used to define the highest degree of a noun. Superlative adjectives are used only if 3 or more things or people are being compared.
Examples:
The black dog is the biggest. The house at the end of the street is the nicest. My mother's pizza is the best.
The structure of a superlative usually consists of the root of the adjective root of the adjective plus the suffix -est or "most" or "least" is added before the adjective in it's root form. The amount of syllables the adjectives contain determines if -est is added to the end of the adjective or if "most" or "least" is added before the adjective. The chart below is a guide to help you understand the correct structure of superlative adjectives. English Superlative Adjectives Rules
smallest
tall - tallest
I am the tallest, in my
Change the y to an -i.and add -est to the end of an adjective with 2 syllables, if the word ends in -y.
happiest
crazy -
adjectives that consist of two syllables, if the word doesn't end in -y. adjectives that end in -y, change the -y to i and add -ed
honest
difficult- most
difficult
difficult.
modern -
modern.
most expensive "most" and "least" are used for adjectives that contain 3 or more syllables
difficult -
most comfortable
comfortable.
If an adjectives that ends in -e, then only -r is added to end of the adjective.
the market.
Adjective that end in a consonant, vowel, consonant the last consonant is doubled and -est is added to the end of the adjective.
the block.
the school.
Comparative adjectives are used to compare 2 nouns. To state that one noun has more of something then the 2nd noun.
The black dog is older than the white dog. My house is bigger than my sister's house. The yellow hat is more expensive than the green hat.
The Rules for using Comparative Adjectives How to Use Comparative Adjectives "Than" is usually used after the comparative adjective.
The winter is
Most basketball
players are taller than me. -er is added to the end of an adjective with 2 syllables, if the word ends in -y.
I came home
happier
I am happier now
My friend is
The policeman is
honest - more
"more" is used for words that have 2 syllables, if the word doesn't end in -y. adjectives that end in -y, change the -y to i and add -ed
honest
difficult- more
difficult
modern - more
modern
Our generation is
expensive -
more expensive "more" is used for words that have 3 or more syllables
difficult - more
difficult
comfortable -
more comfortable adjectives that end in -e, only -r is added to end of the adjective adjective that end in a consonant, vowel, consonant - the last consonant is doubled
nice -nicer safe -safer big -bigger fat- fatter hot -hotter
My house is
My sister is fatter
than me.
The summer is
The structure of a comparative usually consists of the root of the adjective root of the adjective plus the suffix -est or "more" or "less" is added before the adjective in it's root form. The amount of syllables the adjectives contain determents if -er is added to the end of the adjective or if "more" or "less" is added before the adjective. Note: "Than" is usually used after the comparative adjective. Short words - words with 1 syllable or words with 2 syllables if the word ends in -y. -er is added to the end of the word. Notes:
Adjectives ending in -y; change the -y to -i and add -er. Adjectives that end with a consonant, vowel, consonant - the last consonant is
doubled and -er is added to the end of the adjective. Examples cold - colder small - smaller tall - taller early - earlier happy - happier crazy - crazier big -bigger fat- fatter hot -hotter
Long words - words with 3 more syllables, and words with 2 syllables that don't end in -y. The word "more" is placed before the adjective. Note: Adjectives that end in -e, only -r is added to end of the adjective.
Examples
honest
comfortable
foolish frantic frightened grieving Feelings (Good) agreeable amused brave calm charming cheerful comfortable cooperative courageous delightful determined eager elated enchanting encouraging energetic enthusiastic excited exuberant fair faithful fantastic fine friendly funny gentle glorious good Feelings (Good) Contd. happy healthy helpful hilarious jolly joyous kind lively lovely lucky nice obedient perfect pleasant proud relieved silly smiling splendid successful thankful thoughtful victorious vivacious witty wonderful zealous zany Shape broad chubby crooked curved deep flat high hollow low narrow round shallow skinny square steep straight wide Size big colossal fat gigantic great huge immense large little mammoth massive miniature petite puny scrawny short small tall teeny teeny-tiny tiny Sound cooing deafening faint harsh high-pitched hissing hushed husky loud melodic moaning mute noisy purring quiet raspy resonant screeching shrill silent soft squealing thundering voiceless whispering
weary wicked worried Time ancient brief Early fast late long modern old old-fashioned quick rapid short slow swift young
Taste/Touch Taste/Touch Contd. bitter delicious fresh juicy ripe rotten salty sour spicy stale melted nutritious plastic prickly rainy rough scattered shaggy shaky sharp
Touch boiling breezy broken bumpy chilly cold cool creepy crooked cuddly
sticky strong sweet tart tasteless tasty thirsty fluttering fuzzy greasy grubby hard hot icy loose
shivering silky slimy slippery smooth soft solid steady sticky tender tight uneven weak wet wooden yummy
curly damaged damp dirty dry dusty filthy flaky fluffy freezing hot warm wet
Exercise
Fill in the correct form of the words in brackets (comparative or superlative). 1. My house is (big) __________________________than yours. 2. This flower is (beautiful) ___________________than that one. 3. This is the (interesting) __________________book I have ever read. 4. Non-smokers usually live (long) ______________________than smokers. 5. Which is the (dangerous) ______________________animal in the world? 6. A holiday by the sea is (good) _______________________than a holiday in the mountains. 7. It is strange but often a coke is (expensive) __________________________than a beer. 8. Who is the (rich) ____________________________woman on earth? 9. The weather this summer is even (bad) _____________________than last summer. 10. He was the (clever) _____________________thief of all.