Paputok

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Paputok Ang paputok ay isang tradisyon ng mga Pilipino tuwing sasapit ang bagong taon.

Nakuha ang tradisyong ito mula sa mga Intsik na gumagamit ng mga paputok tuwing Chinese New Year. Bagaman ipinagbabawal ang paggamit ng paputok bilang pagsalubong sa bagong taon, hindi na ito matatanggal sa tradisyon ng mga Pilipino. Ilan sa mga kilalang uri ng paputok na ginagamit ng mga Pilipino ang sumusunod:

y y y y y y

Kuwitis Ang kuwitis ay may hugis na kawangis ng isang rocket. Ang unang kwitis ay ginawa ng isang paring Espanyol sa Sta. Maria, Bulacan at ginamit ito bilang pampagising sa mga taong bayan bago mag-umpisa ang simbang gabi. Tinuruan niya kung paano gumawa nito si Valentin Sta. Ana na itinuro naman sa kanyang mga anak ang paraan ng paggawa nito. Hindi naglaon ay nanguna ang kanilang pamilya sa industriya ng paggawa ng paputok sa Pilipinas. Watusi Kilala ang paputok na ito sa mga kabataan. Kasing nipis at liit ito ng mga palito ng posporo ngunit kulay pula. Ikinikiskis ang mga ito sa isang magaspang na bagay at lumilikha ng tunog at kaunting ilaw. Sinturon ni Hudas Isa itong mahabang uri ng paputok. Super Lolo Parang bomba kung ituring ang lakas ng pagputok na ginagawa ng Super Lolo. Ang mga malapit sa lugar na pinangyayarihan ng pagputok ay maaaring magkaroon ng pansamantala o permanenteng pagkawala ng pandinig. Bawang Ang Bawang ay isang uri ng paputok na gawa sa pulburang ibinalot sa kardbord at tinalian ng hibla ng abaca sa hugis ng bawang. Fountain Gawa ito sa karton na hugis kono at nagsisilbing bukal ng mga ilaw kapag sinindihan. Roman candle Hugis kandila ang mga ito na bumubuga ng maliliit na ilaw kapag sinindihan.

Tradisyon na ang mag-ingay bilang pagsalubong sa Bagong Taon. Subalit muli't muli pa ay ipinaaalala sa mamamayan ang kaukulang pag-iingat upang maiwasan ang masaktan at maaksidente dahil sa mga paputok. Tandaan lamang na maaari namang ipagdiwang ang bagong taon sa paraang ligtas at masaya.

Inilunsad ng Department of Health (DOH) ang "Kampanya Kontra Paputok", isang kampanya na naglalayong makaiwas sa mga sakunang dulot ng pagpapatuok sa darating na pagdiriwang ng Bagong Taon sa Enero 1, 2011. Ang kampanya ngayong taon ay naka-tutok sa mga bata: ang mga bata ay hindi dapat hayaang bumili, magbenta, o gumamit ng mga paputok o firecrackers at pasiklab o fireworks. Nakasulat sa poster ng DOH: "Ilayo sa Disgrasya Ang Mga Bata: Walang Batang Magpapaputok" at dagdag pa: "Bawal Bumili, Magbenta, at Gumamit ng Paputok at Pailaw Ang Kabataan". Magpunta sa "Listahan ng mga Bawal na Paputok". Ang poster ay may litrato ng kamay na naputukan at ito'y ikakalat ng Department of Health sa mga terminal ng tren (MRT at LRT), mga malls at iba pang pampublikong lugar. May mga posters ay magtataglay rin ng impormasyon tungkol sa masasamang epekto ng paputok sa kalusugan at kaligtasan. Bukod dito, ang Department of Health (DOH) ay makikipag-ugnayan rin sa mga lokal na pamahalaan upang magtalaga ng mga lugar para sa paputok o "firecracker zone". Hinihikayat rin ang publiko na makilahok na lamang sa mga "fireworks show" o mga palabas tuwing Bagong Taon upang hindi na sila gumamit ng paputok. "Magpunta sa "Maging Ligtas sa Paputok: Gabay sa Mga Firecrackers". Tinatayang halos 1000 na katao taon-taon ang nagtatamo ng sakuna dulot ng pagpapaputok, ayon sa mga datos ng Department of Health, at marami sa ito ay mga bata. Inaasahang ang kampanyang isinasagawa ngayon ay makakabawas (kung hindi man makakaiwas) sa mga sakuna.

Umapela si Pangulong Benigno S. Aquino III sa publiko na tigilan ang paggamit ng mga paputok upang maiwasan ang masaktan at pagkamatay sa pagdiriwang ng Bagong Taon. "Humaharap po ako sa inyo ngayon upang makiusap: Sama-sama nating salubungin ang bagong taon, gamit ang ingayhindi mula sa paputokngunit sa kolektibo nating sigaw sa isang masigla at mas ligtas na pagdiriwang," wika ng Pangulo sa kanyang mensahe sa paggamit ng mga paputok sa Bagong Taon. Binigyang-diin ng Pangulo ang mataas na bilang ng mga biktima ng mga paputok noong nakaraang taon na pagdiriwang ng Bagong Taon. "Napakarami po kasing nalalagay sa panganib dahil sa paputok. Umabot po sa 1,022 ang nadisgrasya noong nakaraang taon. Karamihan po rito ay dahil sa paggamit ng paputok; at ilan din ang napinsala ng ligaw na bala at pagkalason," aniya. Lubos na sinusuportahan ng Pangulo ang Department of Health (DOH) sa kampanya nito na tinawag na APIR Aksyon: Paputok Injury Reduction. "Ang layunin po: bawasan ang mga nasasaktan at nasusunugan sa pagdiriwang ng bagong taon; ipakilala ang isang panibagong anyo ng selebrasyon," wika niya. "Maaari po tayong magtipon sa kani-kaniya nating mga pasyalan at plaza upang panoorin ang mga fireworks display na isinasagawa ng ating munisipyo at ng pribadong sektor. Maaari ring mag-ingay sa ibang paraan sa kalampag, sa torotot, o sa tugtugin. Ligtas na paraan po ang mga ito," sabi pa ng Pangulo.

Gayundin, hinimok ng Pangulo ang bawat isa na sumunod sa kampanyang APIR para sa kanilang sariling kaligtasan. "Ngayong paganda na nang paganda ang sitwasyon natin, tatangkilikin mo ba ang mga paputok na may pangalang Goodbye Philippines o Goodbye Universe? Hindi po bat mas mabuting salubungin ang taon nang Goodbye Kapahamakan, at Hello Pagbabago? wika pa ng Pangulo." Anya layunin din ng kampangyang APIR ang iwasan o mabawasan ang masamang epekto ng mga paputok sa kapaligiran. "Sa pagpapaputok, napapasama po ang kondisyon ng hangin na sama-sama naman nating nilalanghap. Samakatuwid, isinusugal natin, hindi lamang ang ating kalusugan at buhaykundi maging ang kapakanan ng iba," aniya. Nagpalabas din ang Pangulo ng direktiba sa Philippine National Police (PNP) na mahigpit na ipatupad ang batas sa mga ipinagbabawal na paputok at pyrotechnics at hulihin hindi lamang ang mga nagbebenta kundi maging ang mga nagsasaya na gumagamit ng katulad na paninda.

"Gayundin, humihingi po ako ng tulong sa inyo (publiko): Huwag na po ninyong tangkilikin ang mga paputok na ito; ipaalam din sa kinauukulan ang mga makitang nagtitinda o may tangan ng mga ito," pagdidiin ng Pangulo. "Panahon na nga po ng bagong pag-iisip. Sama-sama nating salubungin ang bagong taon nang ligtasnang may pagpapahalaga sa buhay at sa kapaligiran. Magdiwang tayo kipkip ang mga babala ng DOH at ng buong pamahalaan upang makaiwas sa disgrasya," aniya. (WLB/JSL PIA 3) Early data from government hospitals revealed that 31 holiday revelers have already lost limbs from firecracker injuries, which shot up by seven percent from last year's total, according to the Department of Health (DOH). Almost a third of the recorded injuries were suffered by children 10 years old and below, with many incidents involving the illegal and user-friendly Piccolo firecracker. In a press briefing, Health Undersecretary Mario Villaverde said there were 182 injuries caused by the Piccolo recorded in the days leading up to the New Year. "Piccolo is the most accessible firecracker to children because it's easy to use. It's just like lighting up a matchstick," he said. The DOH has renewed its call for a total ban on firecrackers. Davao City, which has had a ban for years, has drastically reduced holiday injuries. Spike in firecracker injuries At least 546 revelry-related injuries were reported from December 21, 2010 to early morning of January 1, 2011, the DOH said Saturday. Firecracker injuries stood at 518, seven percent higher than the total number of cases reported in the same period last year. There were also 20 reported cases of stray bullet injuries and eight cases of fireworks ingestion or poisoning. Almost a third of the recorded injuries involved children 10 years old and below.

"This is 87 cases (19%) higher than the previous five-year (2005-2009) average or 34 cases (7%) higher than last year. Out of the 17 regions, NCR reported the most (59%) cases," it said. [See DOH record: Kontra Paputok Surveillance update] At least 20 injuries (4 percent) were due to stray bullets and eight (1 percent) to fireworks ingestion. Of the 518 firecracker-related injuries, 418 victims were male (79 percent), while 301 (58 percent) were active users or directly handled firecrackers. Some 31 (6 percent) needed amputation while 413 (78 percent) did not. Some 84 (16 percent) sustained eye injuries. The DOH also said 291 cases (58 percent) involved illegal fireworks, including 182 cases (35 percent) involving Piccolo.

Nearly 15 percent or 79 cases involved revelers who were drunk. Some 329 (64 percent) of injuries occurred in the street. One death was reported, a 44-year-old woman from Bulacan province, who died from ingesting explosive powder from several Piccolo firecracker sticks as she committed suicide. Illegal firecrackers account for more than half of injuries The increase in the number of injuries despite the health department's anti-firecracker efforts was attributed to the continued proliferation of prohibited firecrackers, which accounted for more than half of the injuries. Other firecrackers that caused the most injuries were Kwitis (74 cases), Pla-Pla (32 cases), 5-Star (18 cases) and Baby Rocket (15 cases). Both Pla-Pla and 5-Star are banned firecrackers. The health department also noted the increase in the number of injuries involving active users under the influence of alcohol (79 cases). Despite the increase in the number of cases, Dr. Eric Tayag said the effects of their Kontra Paputok campaign are evident. He said, for example, that the number of injuries due to Piccolo dropped from 42 percent last year to 35 percent this year. "Makikita mo naman sa datos yung epekto nung pagiging aware ng mga tao sa panganib ng mga paputok na gaya ng Piccolo (The data will show you the effect of people's awareness regarding the dangers of firecrackers like Piccolo)," Tayag said.

Villaverde added that the current total number of cases is an increase compared to last year's total, but the DOH will continue to receive reports from its sentinel hospitals until January 5, so he said it still cannot be deduced if the overall total is higher or lower compared to cases reported last year. "If up to January 5 halos wala nang mag-report, there is a probability na mas mababa pa ngayon (If very few cases are reported until January 5, there is a probability that the number of injuries are lesser this year)," he said. Tayag added that there may be cases that remain unreported because the victims have not submitted themselves for treatment in hospitals. He urged these patients to seek medical attention immediately to prevent tetanus, an often fatal result of wounds caused by firecrackers.

Stray-bullet injuries down There were 20 cases of stray bullet injuries reported nationwGeneral Nicanor Bartolome, Director of the PNP NCRPO, said that out of the seven initial reports of stray bullet injuries in Metro Manila, three were found out to be self-inflicted. "We will try to investigate further if all of these 20 incidents are indeed caused by stray bullets," he said, adding that the PNP is now working to identify where these stray bullets were fired and who fired them. Bartolome added that the stray bullet cases this year is a big improvement from the past years' more than 30 recorded stray bullet injuries nationwide. The PNP also said that a point for improvement next year is a more intensified monitoring of the manufacture and sale of illegal firecrackers. Bartolome said that the store raids helped, but stopping the manufacturing would be the best first step. "If the [illegal firecrackers] are already in the streets, it's difficult [to stop the proliferation of illegal firecrackers]. Siguro sa pagmanufacture natin umpisahan ito (Maybe it's best to start with the manufacture)," he said. Total ban on firecrackers 'is the only way' Villaverde said that a total ban on firecrackers is the only way to really bring down firecrackers-related injuries during the New Year celebrations. "If we want a zero percent casualty, there should be a total ban on the use of firecrackers and prohibition in the use of guns and other ammunition," he said. In an earlier interview, Health Secretary Dr. Enrique Ona said the DOH has always wanted to push for a total firecrackers ban but the plan does not seem doable for now. "It all depends on the political will at the local level and the participation of the community," Villaverde said. "But of course we are aware that [lighting firecrackers] has been a tradition in the Philippines, so it will take time before this becomes a reality." While a total nationwide ban has not yet been enacted into law, the DOH continues to campaign for safer alternatives for holiday revelry. Every year, the DOH pushes for alternative noisemakers like horns, bells, and other safe toys. This year, the DOH also worked with local government units to designate "firecracker zones" where the use of firecrackers will be contained. The DOH also encouraged the public to instead watch aerial fireworks shows. As of January 1, there have been no reported injuries related to fireworks displays. LBG/TJD/HS, GMANews.TVide, but the Philippine National Police (PNP) said they are still trying to determine if all the cases are indeed caused by stray bullets.

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