Gio n S hc 6

TIT 31: C CHUNG LN NHAT

I. Muc tieu :
- Biet c the nao la CLN, hai so nguyen to cung nhau.
- Tm c CLN bang cach phan tch ra tha so nguyen to.
- Van dung va ren luyen ky nang ve CLN vao bai toan.
II. Chuan b :
- Gv : Giao an, SGK, ddh.
- Hs : Bai cu, bai mi SGK.
III. Kiem tra bai cu :
- Tm tap hp C(12, 30).
IV. Day bai mi :
Hoat ong cua GV

Hoat ong cua HS

- Sau o yeu cau hs ch ra

Trong cac c chung cua
c nao ln nhat trong cac 12 va 30 ln nhat la 6.
c chung. Gii thieu o la
CLN.

- Cho hs nhan xet CLN

cua hai hay nhieu so la g?
Cho cac em tm CLN(a,1)
va CLN(a,b,1).

Cung
co
CLN(24,36,48).

tm

Noi dung
1. c chung ln nhat.
V du :
(12) = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
(30)
1,

2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30

C(12, 30) = 1, 2, 3, 6
Trong cac c chung cua
CLN cua hai hay nhieu 12 va 30 ln nhat la 6.
so la so ln nhat trong tap
CLN cua hai hay nhieu
hp cac c chung cua cac
so la so ln nhat trong tap
so o.
hp cac c chung cua cac
CLN(a,1) = 1
so o.
CLN(a,b,1) = 1
Chu y :
CLN(24,36,48) = 12
CLN(a,1) = 1
CLN(a,b,1) = 1

2. Tm CLN bang cach

24 = 23.3
phan tch cac so ra tha so
36 = 22.32
nguyen to.
48 = 24.3
V du :
- Chon cac tha so nguyen
Cac tha so nguyen to
CLN(24,36,48) = 12
to chung, lap tch va lay so chung : 2 va 3
24 = 23.3
mu nho nhat.
Lap tch va lay so mu nho
36 = 22.32
nhat :
48 = 24.3
2
2 .3 = 12
Cac tha so nguyen to
chung : 2 va 3
- Phan tch cac so tren ra
tha so nguyen to.

GV: Phm Th Thanh H

Gio n S hc 6
- Nhan xet ve tch va tm
c vi CLN(24,36,48).
Lien he gii thieu cach tm
Cac bc va thc hien :
CLN bang cach phan tch
B1 : Phan tch cac so ra
ra tha so nguyen to. Yeu tha so nguyen to.
cau cac em neu lai nhng
B2 : Chon cac tha so
cong oan va thc hien.
nguyen to chung.
B3 : Lap tch va lay so
mu nho nhat.
CLN(12,30) = 6
CLN(8,9) = 1
CLN(8,12,15) = 1
CLN(8,9)
va
- Cung co : lam ?2 va ?3.
CLN(8,12,15) eu la 1.
- Qua ?3 cho cac em nhan
CLN(16,24,8) la so be
xet ve CLN(8,9) va nhat trong ba so
CLN(8,12,15). Gii thieu
C(12,30) = 1, 2, 3, 6
cac so nguyen to cung
nhau.
Cac c chung la c cua
CLN.
Nhan
xet
ve
CLN(16,24,8), gii thieu
cach tm CLN trong
nhng trng hp ac biet.

- Lien he tr lai v du ban

au cho hs tm C (12,30).
Nhan xet ve moi quan heu
cua C va CLN. Gii
thieu va yeu cau hs nhan
xet ve cach tm C thong
qua CLN.

Lap tch va lay so mu nho

nhat:
22.3 = 12
Cac bc va thc hien :
B1 : Phan tch cac so ra
tha so nguyen to.
B2 : Chon cac tha so
nguyen to chung.
B3 : Lap tch va lay so mu
nho nhat.
Chu y :
* Neu cac so a cho khong
co tha so nguyen to chung
th CLN cua chung bang 1.
Hai hay nhieu so co CLN
bang 1 th goi la nguyen to
cung nhau.
CLN(8,9) = 1. 8, 9
nguyen to cung nhau.
CLN(8,12,15)
=
1.
8,12,15 nguyen to cung nhau.

* Trong cac so a cho neu

so nho nhat la c cua cac so
con lai th o chnh la CLN
cua cac so o.
CLN(16,24,8) la so be
nhat trong ba so
3. Cac tm c chung thong
qua tm CLN.
V du :
CLN(12,30) = 6
Muon tm C th ta tm
C(12,30) = {1,2,3,6} =
c cua CLN.
(6)
Muon tm C cua cac so a
cho th ta tm c cua CLN
cua cac so o.

V. Cung co :
* Thc hien bt 140. Phoi hp nhom lam bt 141.
VI. Bai tap ve nha : Lam bt ve nha bai 139, chuan b cac bt Luyen tap 1.

GV: Phm Th Thanh H