1.

(a) Determine the altitude and azimuth angle at 3 pm (IST) on June 15, for Mumbai (latitude 180 54'N, longitude 720 49'E). (b) For above location, determine the angle of incidence over a south facing surface with tilt angle of 150 with the horizontal. (c) Also calculate the hour of the sunrise and the length of the day. [8+4+4] 2. Write short notes on: (a) Selecting absorber coatings (b) Materials for flat plate collectors (c) Evacuated solar collectors [5+5+6] 3. (a) What are the various methods of storing solar energy. (b) Discuss in detail any two of the solar energy storage methods. [4+12] 4. Determine the wind mill rotor diameter to operate a centrifugal pump, which will have a discharge of 40,000 litres/day with a total head of 10 m. The pump operates for 10 hours in a day. The rated speed of wind is 6 m/s. The power coefficient is 0.3. Density of air is 1.2Kg/m3. Assume transmission efficiency 95%, Pump efficiency as 35%. [16] 5. (a) What is biogas? How is it produced? (b) Explain in detail about anaerobic digestion and the different phases and the processes involved in it? [6+10] 6. (a) What are liquid dominated hydrothermal convective systems? Write about them. (b) With the help of a neat diagram, explain the working of a liquid dominated double flash steam system. [6+10] 7. (a) With reference to neat layout diagrams, explain the operation of a closed cycle OTEC plant. (b) Find the quantity of water to be pumped to OTEC plant working with surface water at 27 C and with cold water at 8 C at a depth of 600 m from the surface to obtain 1.0 MW of thermal energy. Assume the density of ocean water as 1010 kg/m3 and the specific heat of water as 4200 J/kg K. [8+8] 8. Describe the operation of a thermionic converter. [16]

1. (a) What is extra terrestrial radiation? (b) Determine the L.S.T. and declination at Bhopal (lattitude 23015'N, longitude 77030'E) at 12:30 IST on June 19. [6+10] 2. Explain the construction of reflectors and the materials used for concentrating collectors. [16] 3. (a) With neat sketch, explain the suitability of solar dryer for food grains. (b) With a neat sketch, explain the working of solar distillation plant. [4+12] 4. A wind mill is to be used to supply the electric power needs of a house hold at a location where the average wind speed is 6 m/s. What size rotor would be required if 1 Kw is to be provided. Assume a rotor efficiency of 70%, gearing efficiency of 92%, generator efficiency of 80% and storage efficiency of 85% with an air density of 1.2Kg/m3. [16] 5. (a) Briefly explain about solid bio fuels? Also write about their applications? (b) Explain the process Photosynthesis. What are the conditions, which are necessary for it? [8+8] 6. (a) What are liquid dominated hydrothermal convective systems? Write about them. (b) With the help of a neat diagram, explain the working of a liquid dominated double flash steam system. [6+10] 7. (a) Explain with a neat sketch the energy extraction techniques from tidal waves. (b) The efficiency of power plant working on OTEC system is very less. However, the secondary advantages make it commercially attractive. Discuss. [8+8] 8. What is thermoelectric generator? On what effects does its function depend? Explain the working with a sketch. [16] 1. (a) With neat diagram, explain the working of sun-shine recorder. (b) Write short notes on solar radiaition data. [10+6] 2. (a) Define optical efficiency. How optical losses in focusing collectors are minimized? (b) Determine the intercept factor for a parabolic cylinder concentrator producing an image in the focal plane with h = 60, if the reciever is symmetrical with respect to the centre of the focus and the receiver has a width of 0.02 and 0.03 of the width of the concentrator? [8+8]

3. (a) List out the various solar applications. (b) Discuss in detail about any three of the solar applications. [4+12] 4. (a) Neglecting losses, determine the maximum power that can be extracted by a wind mill from a steady wind of 5 m/s. Assume a wind mill rotor diameter of 25m, with air density 1.2Kg/m3. Find the pressure decrease across the rotor. (b) How do you classify wind mills? Explain about any one type with neat sketches. [8+8] 5. (a) Briefly explain about solid bio fuels? Also write about their applications? (b) Explain the process Photosynthesis. What are the conditions, which are necessary for it? [8+8] 6. (a) Write about the concept of interconnecting geo thermal-fossil systems. (b) With the help of neat diagram, explain the working of geo thermalpreheat hybrid system. [6+10] 7. (a) With reference to neat layout diagrams, explain the operation of a closed cycle OTEC plant. (b) Find the quantity of water to be pumped to OTEC plant working with surface water at 27 C and with cold water at 8 C at a depth of 600 m from the surface to obtain 1.0 MW of thermal energy. Assume the density of ocean water as 1010 kg/m3 and the specific heat of water as 4200 J/kg K. [8+8] 8. Describe the operation of a thermionic converter. [16]

1. Explain the followings: (a) Beam and diffus solar radiation (b) The hour angle (c) The Suns declination (d) The latitude and longitude [6+3+3+4] 2. (a) Classify and describe in brief the solar air heaters. (b) Sketch the various solar drier designs. [8+8] 3. (a) Explain the working of photo voltaic energy conversion with a neat sketch. (b) With a neat sketch explain the process of drying food grains. [8+8]

4. (a) Neglecting losses, determine the maximum power that can be extracted by a wind mill from a steady wind of 5 m/s. Assume a wind mill rotor diameter of 25m, with air density 1.2Kg/m3. Find the pressure decrease across the rotor. (b) How do you classify wind mills? Explain about any one type with neat sketches. [8+8] 5. (a) With the help of a neat diagram, explain about continuous and batch type biogas plants. (b) Briefly write about different models of biogas plants. [10+6] 6. (a) What are liquid dominated hydrothermal convective systems? Write about them. (b) With the help of a neat diagram, explain the working of a liquid dominated double flash steam system. [6+10] 7. (a) Explain with a neat sketch the energy extraction techniques from tidal waves. (b) The efficiency of power plant working on OTEC system is very less. However, the secondary advantages make it commercially attractive. Discuss. [8+8] 8. (a) List the various direct energy conversion devices. (b) With a neat sketch, explain the working of thermo-electric generator. [4+12]