Gio n S hc 8

Tit 5: luyn tp
A- Mc tiu
- Cng c kin thc v hng ng thc: bnh ph-ng ca 1 tng, bnh
ph-ng ca 1 hiu, hiu 2 bnh ph-ng.
- HS vn dng thnh tho hng ng thc trn vo gii ton .
B- Chun b ca H\GV v HS
- GV: * n chiu , giy trong hoc bng ph ghi 1 s bi tp.
* Hai bng ph t chc tr chi ton hc.
* Phn mu, bt d.
- HS: Bng ph nhm, bt d.
C- Tin trnh dy Hc
Hot ng ca gio vin
Hot ng ca hc sinh
Hot ng 1
1. Kim tra (8 pht)
GV nu yu cu kim tra.
Hai HS ln bng kim tra.
HS1: Vit v pht biu thnh li 2 hng HS1: Vit
ng thc (A+B)2 v (A-B)2
(A+B)2=A2+2AB+B2
Cha bi tp 11 tr4 SBT
(A-B)2=A2-2AB+B2
v pht biu thnh li cc hng ng
thc .
- Cha bi tp 11 SBT
(x+2y)2=x2+2.x.2y+(2y)2=x2+4xy+4y
2

(x-3y)(x+3y)=x2-(3y)2=x2-9y2
HS2: Vit v pht biu thnh li hng
(5-x)2=52-2.5.x+x2=25-10x+x2
ng thc hiu 2 bnh ph-ng.
HS2: Vit
Cha bi tp 18 tr11 SGK
A2-B2=(A+B)(A-B)
(Cho thm cu c)
v pht biu thnh li
- Cha bi tp 18SGK
a) x2+6xy+9y2=(x+3y)2
c) (2x-3y)(...+...)=4x2-9y2
b) x2-10xy+25y2=(x-5y)2
(2x-3y)(2x+3y)=4x2-9y2
Hot ng 2
Luyn tp (28 pht)
Bi 20 tr12 SGK
Nhn xt s ng, sai ca kt lun sau: HS tr li
(x2+2xy+4y2)=(x+2y)2
Kt qu trn sai v 2 v khng bng
nhau.
V phi (a+2y)2=22+4xy+4y2
Khc vi v tri.
Bi 21 tr12 SGK
Vit cc a thc sau d-i dng bnh
ph-ng ca 1 tng hoc 1 hiu:
GV: Phm Th Thanh H

Gio n S hc 8

a) 9x2-6x+1
GV cn pht hin bnh ph-ng biu
thc th nht, bnh ph-ng biu thc
th 2 ri lp tip 2 ln tch biu thc th HS lm bi vo v, 1 HS ln bng
nht v biu thc th 2.
lm.
2
b) (2x+3y) +2.(2x+3y)+1
9x2-6x+1=(3x)2-2.3x.1+12=(3x-1)2
Yu cu HS nu bi t-ng t
b) [(2x+3y)+1]2=(2x+3y+1)2
HS c th nu:
x2-2x+1=(x-1)2
Bi 17 tr11 SGK
4x2+4x+1=(2x+1)2
( bi -a ln mn hnh)
(x+y)2-2(x+y)+1=(x+y-1)2
hy chng minh:
(10a+5)2=100a(a+1)+25
Mt HS chng minh ming:
2
(10a+5)2=(10a)2+2.10a.5+52
GV: (10a+5) vi aN chnh l bnh
2
ph-ng ca 1 s c tn cng l 5, vi a =100a +100a+25=100a(a+1)+25
l s chc ca n.
V d: 252=(2.10+5)2
Vy qua kt qu bin i hy nu cch
tnh nhm bnh ph-ng ca 1 s t
HS: Mun tnh nhm bnh ph-ng
nhin c tn cng bng 5.
ca 1 s t nhin c tn cng bng 5
(Nu HS khng nu -c th GV h-ng ta ly s chc nhn vi s lin sau n
dn).
ri vit tp 25 vo cui.
p dng tnh 252 ta lm nh- sau:
+ Ly a (l 2) nhn a+1 (l 3) -c 6.
+ Vit 25 vo s 6, ta -c kt qu l
625
Sau yu cu HS lm tip.
Bi 22 tr12 SGK. Tnh nhanh
a) 1012
b) 1992
c) 47.53
Bi 23 tr 12 SGK
( bi -a ln mn hnh hoc bng
ph)
GV hi: chng minh 1 ng thc ta
GV: Phm Th Thanh H

HS tnh: 352=1225
652=4225
752=5625
HS hot ng theo nhm.
a) 1012=(100+1)2=1002+2.100.1+1
=10000+200+1=10201
b) 1992=(200-1)2=2002-2.200+1
=40000-400+1
=39601
c)47.53=(50-3)(50+3)=502-32
=2500-9=2491

Gio n S hc 8

lm th no?
GV gi 2 HS ln bng lm, cc HS khc HS: chng minh 1 ng thc ta
lm vo v.
bin i 1 v bng v cn li.
HS lm bi:
a) Chng minh (a+b)2=(a-b)2+4ab
BVP: (a-b)2+4ab=a2-2ab+b2=4ab
=a2+2ab+b2=(a+b)2=VT
GV cho bit: Cc cng thc ny ni v b) Chng minh: (a-b)2=(a+b)2-4ab
mi lin h gia bnh ph-ng ca 1 tng BVP: (a+b)2-4ab=a2+2ab+b2-4ab
v bnh ph-ng ca 1 hiu, cn ghi nh =a2-2ab+b2=(a-b)2=VT
p dng trong cc bi tp sau: V d.
p dng:
a) Tnh (a-b)2 bit a+b=7 v a.b=12
C (a-b)2=(a+b)2-4ab=72-4.12=49-48=1
Sau GV yu cu HS lm phn b.

Bi 25 tr12 SGK Tnh:

a) (a+b+c)2
GV: Lm th no tnh -c bnh
ph-ng 1 tng 3 s?
GV h-ng dn thm cch khc.
(a+b+c)2=[(a+b)+c]2=(a+b)2+2(a+b)c+c
2

=a2+2ab+b2+2ac+2bc+c2
=a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ac

HS lm
a) Tnh (a+b)2 bit a-b=20 v a.b=3
C (a+b)2=(ab)2+4ab=202+4,3=400+12
=412
HS c th nu:
(a+b+c)2=(a+b+c)(a+b+c)
=a2+ab+ac+ab+b2+bc+ca+bc+c2
=a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ac.

Hot ng 3
t chc tr chi thi lm ton nhanh (7pht)
GV thnh lp 2 i chi. Mi i 5 HS.
Mi HS lm 1 cu. HS sau c th cha
bi ca HS lin tr-c. i no lm ng
v nhanh hn l thng.
Bin tng thnh tch hoc bin tch
thnh tng.
1) x2-y2
2) (2-x)2
3) (2x+5)2
4) (3x+2)(3x-2)
GV: Phm Th Thanh H

Gio n S hc 8

5) x2-10x+25
( bi vit trn 2 bng ph)
GV cng chm thi, cng bos i thng
cuc, pht th-ng.
Hot ng 4
H-ng dn v nh 92 pht)
Hc thuc k cc hng ng thc hc
Bi tp v nh s 24, 25(b, c) tr12 SGK
bi 13, 14, 15 tr4, 5 SBT

GV: Phm Th Thanh H