EBTQ3103

FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

SEMESTER MAY 2011

EBTQ 3103
SAMPLE

QUALITY CONTROL

MATRICULATION NO

IDENTITY CARD NO.

TELEPHONE NO.

E-MAIL

LEARNING CENTRE

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Answer 1
a) i. The sample average,

= (X1+X2+X3..+Xn) / n
= (11.95+12.00+12.03+11.98+12.01+12.03+12.02+11.96+12.00+11.98+12.01+12.00+11.97+11.98+
12.00+11.97+11.98+12.00+12.03+11.99+12.00+12.01+12.02+12.03+12.02+11.98+11.98+12.00+
12.01+11.99+12.00+12.01+12.03+12.00+11.98+12.00+12.01+12.04+12.00+12.02+12.00+12.02+
11.96+12.00+11.98+12.02+12.00+11.97+12.05+12.00) / 50
=12.00 cm
ii. The sample standard deviation, s.

=
= 0.0218
b) i. The mean of the process,
= (X1+X2+X3..+Xn) / n
=(601+600+601+598+597+598+602+600+600+599+596+601+599+601+600+602+599+598+597+601+
598+ 598+596+601+598+600+597+601+599+600+597+600+598+600+599+598+596+599+602+601+
599+600+601+599+599+600+599+598+598+600) / 50
=599.22
1

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ii. The inherent capability of the process.
=3

The standard deviation, =

(601-599.22)2 + (600-599.22)2 + (600-599.22)2
=

50

= 124.58 /50
= 1.58
Therefore, 3

=599.22 3 (1.58)
=599.22 4.74
=599.22 + 4.74 and 599.22 4.74
=603.96 and 594.48

Hence, the Inherent Capability is from 594.48 to 603.96 as shown in figure 1.1.

Figure 1.1: Inherent capability of a process

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iii. The Cp and Cpk
Cp = USL-LSL
6
= 605-595
6 x 1.58
= 10 / 9.48
= 1.05
Since Cp = 1.05 is between 1 < Cp < 1.6 .Therefore the process is somewhat medium relative
capability.
Cpk= minimum USL-
3

or - LSL
3

= minimum 605-599.22 or 599.22-595

3 x 1.58

3 x 1.58

= minimum {1.22 or 0.89} =0.89

Since Cpk = 0.89 is less than to 1.00, therefore the process is not capable and producing product that
does not meet the required specifications.

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Answer 2
a) The x and R charts for this process.
The grand average or central line for X-bar chart is :-

= (0.50345+0.50342+0.50316+0.50315+0.50350+0.50341+0.50326+0.50338+0.50348+
0.50336+0.50319+0.50386+0.50354+0.50340+0.50371+0.50349+0.50335+0.50317+
0.50340+0.50351+0.50337+0.50328+0.50335+0.50342) / 24
= 0.50340
The grand range or central line for R-chart is :-

=(3+4+4+4+5+6+4+3+7+8+3+9+8+6+5+7+4+3+8+4+2+1+3+2) x 10-4
24
= 4.7 x 10-4 or 0.00047
The control limit for X-bar and R-chart:and
= 0.50340+0.577(0.00047)

= 0.50340 - 0.577(0.00047)

= 0.50367

= 0.50313
and

= 2.114(0.00047)

= 0(0.00047)

= 0.000994

=0

Therefore, the x and R table 2.1 was created to get the x and R charts as shown in figure 2.1 for
this process is as the .From the chart, the process is consider as under statistical control although
only 2 point above UCL or out of control but the previous and consecutive points are within the
control range. The investigation is needed to the special cause variation and the process adjustment
may not required.

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Sample
Number

CL( )

UCLx

LCLx

UCLR

LCLR

CL( )

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

0.50345
0.50342
0.50316
0.50315
0.50350
0.50341
0.50326
0.50338
0.50348
0.50336
0.50319
0.50386
0.50354
0.50340
0.50371
0.50349
0.50335
0.50317
0.50340
0.50351
0.50337
0.50328
0.50335
0.50342

0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340
0.50340

0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367
0.50367

0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313
0.50313

0.0003
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0005
0.0006
0.0004
0.0003
0.0007
0.0008
0.0003
0.0009
0.0008
0.0006
0.0005
0.0007
0.0004
0.0003
0.0008
0.0004
0.0002
0.0001
0.0003
0.0002

0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994
0.000994

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047
0.00047

0.50340

0.00047
Table 2.1: x and R control table

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Figure 2.1: x and R control charts

b) The percentage of non-conforming bearings produced by this process.

Pr ( LSL < x < USL) = Pr

= Pr

LSL

< x

EBTQ3103

< USL

0.5020 0.50340 < x - 0.50340 < 0.5040 0.50340

1.931 x 10 -4

1.931 x 10 -4

1.931 x 10 -4

= Pr {-7.25 < z < 3.11}

= (3.11)- (-7.25)
= (3.11) - {1- (7.25)}
= (3.11) + (7.25) 1
= 0.99906 +1 1
= 0.99906
Therefore, the probability of non-conforming bearings can be determined by
1 - Pr (0.5020 < X < 0.5040). = 1 - 0.99906
= 0.00094
Hence, the percentage of non conforming of bearings = [1 - Pr (0.5020 < X < 0.5040)] x 100%.
= 0.00094 x 100%.
= 0.094 %