11gR2 RAC/GI New Features

Gsz Rbert
WEBvlt Kft.

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Oracle Grid Infrastructure

ASM and Oracle Clusterware are installed into a single home directory called Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11g Release 2. This directory is referred to as the Grid Infrastructure home.

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What Is a Cluster?
A group of independent, but interconnected, computers that act as a single system Usually deployed to Network increase availability and Interconnect performance or Users to balance a dynamically changing workload

Storage Network

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What Is Clusterware?
Software that provides various interfaces and services for a cluster. Typically, this includes capabilities that: Allow the cluster to be managed as a whole Protect the integrity of the cluster Maintain a registry of resources across the cluster Deal with changes to the cluster Provide a common view of resources

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Oracle Clusterware
Oracle Clusterware is: A key part of Oracle Grid Infrastructure Integrated with Oracle Automatic Storage Management (ASM) The basis for ASM Cluster File System (ACFS) A foundation for Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) A generalized cluster infrastructure for all kinds of applications
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Oracle Clusterware Architecture and Services

Shared disk cluster architecture supporting application load balancing and failover Services include:
Cluster management Node monitoring Event services Time synchronization Network management High availability

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Oracle Clusterware Startup

Oracle Clusterware is started by the OS init daemon.
Operating system init daemon init Clusterware startup script Oracle Clusterware processes
ohasd.bin octssd.bin oraagent.bin diskmon.bin ocssd.bin evmd.bin cssdagent orarootagent.bin oclskd.bin crsd.bin gipcd.bin mdnsd.bin gpnpd.bin scriptagent.bin oraagent.bin

/etc/init.d/init.ohasd

Oracle Clusterware installation modifies the /etc/inittab file to restart ohasd in the event of a crash.

# cat /etc/inittab .. h1:35:respawn:/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null

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Oracle Clusterware Process Architecture

Clusterware processes are organized into several component groups. They include:
Component
Cluster Ready Service (CRS) Cluster Synchronization Service (CSS)

Processes
crsd ocssd,cssdmonitor, cssdagent evmd, evmlogger octssd ons, eons oraagent orarootagent gnsd gpnpd mdnsd

Owner
root grid owner, root, root grid owner root grid owner grid owner root root grid owner grid owner

Event Manager (EVM) Cluster Time Synchronization Service (CTSS) Oracle Notification Service (ONS) Oracle Agent Oracle Root Agent Grid Naming Service (GNS) Grid Plug and Play (GPnP) Multicast domain name service (mDNS)
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Single Client Access Name

The single client access name (SCAN) is the address used by clients connecting to the cluster. The SCAN is a fully qualified host name located in the GNS subdomain registered to three IP addresses.
# dig @192.0.2.155 cluster01-scan.cluster01.example.com ... ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;cluster01-scan.cluster01.example.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: cluster01-scan.cluster01.example.com. 120 IN A 192.0.2.244 cluster01-scan.cluster01.example.com. 120 IN A 192.0.2.246 cluster01-scan.cluster01.example.com. 120 IN A 192.0.2.245 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: cluster01.example.com. 10800 IN A 192.0.2.155 ;; SERVER: 192.0.2.155#53(192.0.2.155)

The SCAN provides a stable, highly available name for clients to use, independent of the nodes that make up the cluster.
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Connection Examples
ERP=(DESCRIPTION= ## Using the SCAN ## (LOAD_BALANCE=on) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=cluster01-scan)(PORT=1521)) (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=ERP))) ERP=(DESCRIPTION= ## Using VIPs ## (LOAD_BALANCE=on) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=node1-vip)(PORT=1521)) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=node2-vip)(PORT=1521)) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=node3-vip)(PORT=1521)) (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=ERP)))

url="jdbc:oracle:oci:@ERP"

## Thick JDBC ##

url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@cluster01-scan:1521/ERP"

## Thin JDBC ##

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How GPnP Works: Client Database Connections

GNS DNS

Database client

SCAN listener SCAN listener SCAN listener

Listener1

Listener2

Listener3

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ASM for OCR and Vote

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ASM Configuration Assistant

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ADVM: ASM Dynamic Volume Manager

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ACFS: ASM Cluster File System

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Cluster Resource Status

[oracle@rac11gr2node2 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------Local Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------ora.DATA.dg ONLINE ONLINE rac11gr2node1 ONLINE ONLINE rac11gr2node2 ora.LISTENER.lsnr ONLINE ONLINE rac11gr2node1 ONLINE ONLINE rac11gr2node2 ora.OCRVOTE.dg ONLINE ONLINE rac11gr2node1 ONLINE ONLINE rac11gr2node2 ora.asm ONLINE ONLINE rac11gr2node1 Started ONLINE ONLINE rac11gr2node2 ora.eons ONLINE ONLINE rac11gr2node1 ONLINE ONLINE rac11gr2node2 ora.gsd OFFLINE OFFLINE rac11gr2node1 OFFLINE OFFLINE rac11gr2node2 ...

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Questions and Answers

Thank you for listening!

Gsz Rbert
WEBvlt Kft.

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