KIVAN AL ANIL April 17, 2007

508052003

NACA Five-digit-airfoil series

After Equation 6.6 of Theory of Wing Sections, Abbott&Doenhoff,

( ) ( )
3 2
2 3
1
/ 6 3 3 0
x x x
f c k m m m from x to x m
c c c
(
| | | | | |
= + = =
(
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
(


( )
3
1
/ 6 1
x
f c k m from x m to x c
c
( | |
= = =
|
(
\ .


Differentiating the above equations we get,

( )
2 2 3
1 3 2
3 6 3
/ 6 0
df x mx m m
c k from x to x m
dx c c c
(
= + = =
(


3
1
/ 6
df
k m from x m to x c
dx
= = =

Substituting ( ) ( )
1 cos
2
c
x x = we get,

( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 3
1
3 1 cos 3 1 cos
3
/ 6
4
x m x
df m m
c k
dx c c c
(


( = +
(



( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 3
1
/ 24 3 1 2cos cos 12 1 cos 4 3
df
k x x m x m m
dx
(
= + +


( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 3
1
/ 24 3cos 12 6 cos 3 12 12 4
df
k x m x m m m
dx
(
= + + +


( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 3
1
4
/ 8 cos 4 2 cos 1 4 4
3
df
k x m x m m m
dx
( | |
= + + +
|
(
\ .

1
2
0 cos 1 from x to x m m
c
| |
= = =
|
\ .

3
1
/ 6
df
k m from x m to x
dx
= = =

Equation 56, 13.04 LECTURE NOTES HYDROFOILS AND PROPELLERS, Justin E. Kerwin,

0
1
ideal
df
dx
dx

=



( ) ( ) ( )
3
2 2 3 1 1
0
1 4
cos 4 2 cos 1 4 4
8 3 6
m
ideal
m
k k m
x m x m m m dx dx

( | |
= + + +
`
|
(
\ .
)

KIVAN AL ANIL April 17, 2007
508052003

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3
2 3 1 1
0
1 1 4
sin cos 4 2 sin 1 4 4
8 2 2 3 6
m
ideal
m
k x k m
x x m x m m m x x

| | ( | |
= + + + +
` | |
(
\ . \ .

)

( ) ( ) ( )
3 3 3
2 1
1 2 1 1
sin cos sin
2 8 8 2 4 3 3 3
ideal
k m m m m m
m m m m m m m

( | | | | | |
= + + + +
` ( | | |
\ .
\ . \ . )

( ) ( ) ( )
3
2 1
1 2 1 3
sin cos sin
2 8 2 8 3
ideal
k m m
m m m m m m

| | | |
= + + +
` | |
\ . \ .
)

( ) ( )
3
2 1
1 2 1 3
sin 1 sin
2 8 2 8 3
ideal
k m
m m m m m m m
c

| | | | | |
= + + +
`
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
)

( )
3
2 1
4 1 3 3
sin
2 4 8 8 3
ideal
k c m
m m m m m
c

| | | |
= + +
`
| |
\ . \ .
)



1
2
cos 1 where m m
c
| |
=
|
\ .


After Equation 45, 55 and 56 of 13.04 LECTURE NOTES HYDROFOILS AND PROPELLERS, Justin
E. Kerwin

0 1
2
2
1
2
L
L
C a a
U c

= = + (45)


0 ideal
a =

( )
1
0
2
cos
df
a x dx
dx

=



( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3
3 2 2 3 1 1
1
0
2 4
cos 4 2 cos 1 4 4 cos cos
8 3 6
m
m
k k m
a x m x m m m x dx x dx

( | |
= + + +
`
|
(
\ .
)

1
2
cos 1 where m m
c
| |
=
|
\ .

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 2 3 1
0
1
3
1
1 4
sin cos 2 2 1 sin cos 1 4 4 sin
8 3 3
2
sin
6
m
m
k
x x m x x x m m m x
a
k m
x

( | |
+ + + + +

|
(
\ .

=
`
(

(

)

KIVAN AL ANIL April 17, 2007
508052003

( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 3
2 3 1 1
1
0
cos 2 2 4
2 1 sin 2 1 cos 1 4 4 sin
8 3 3 6
m
m
x k k m
a m x x m x m m m x

( | | + (
= + + + +
( ` |
(
( \ .
)

( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 3
2 3 1 1
1
cos 2 2 4
2 1 sin 2 1 cos 1 4 4 sin
8 3 3 6
m k k m
a m m m m m m m m m

( | | + (
= + + + + +
( ` |
(
( \ . )

( )
( )
( ) ( )
2 3 3
2 1
1
cos 2 2 1 2 1 1
sin cos sin
4 12 4 4 3 3
m k m m m m
a m m m m m m

( | | + (
= + + + + +
( ` |
(
( \ . )

( )
( )
( )
2
2 1
1
cos 2 2 1 2 1 1
sin cos
4 12 4 4
m k m m
a m m m m m

| | +
= + + + +
` |
\ . )

1
2
cos 1 where m m
c
| |
=
|
\ .


( )
2
2 1
1
2
1 2
2 1 2 1 2 1
sin 1
4 12 4 4
m
k m m c
a m m m m m
c

| |
| |
+
|
|
| |
\ .
|
= + + + +
`
|
|
\ .

|

\ . )

( )
2 1
1 2
2 1 1 1 1 1 1
sin 1
4 3 6 2 4
k m
a m m m m
c c c
| | | | | |
= + + + +
` `
| | |
) \ . \ . \ . )


1
2
cos 1 where m m
c
| |
=
|
\ .


When
ideal
= ,

0
0
ideal
a = = ,
1
0.3 Design (Ideal) Lift Coefficient
L
C a = =


KIVAN AL ANIL April 17, 2007
508052003















KIVAN AL ANIL April 17, 2007
508052003















KIVAN AL ANIL April 17, 2007
508052003






KIVAN AL ANIL April 17, 2007
508052003





C:\Documents and Settings\xp\My Documents\ZOVANC\Tu...\NACA01.m Page 1
April 17, 2007 1:30:55 PM
% Kivanc Ali ANIL (2007)
% 508052003
%
% NACA five-digit-airfoil series
clear,clc,close all
% ---------------------------------------------
% default values
def0 = {'23012','1','4'};
% ---------------------------------------------
dlgTitle= 'NACA five-digit-airfoil series ';
prompt = {'Enter the NACA five-digit-airfoil number [210XX, 220XX, 230XX, 240XX 250XX]',
...
'Enter the airfoil chord c',...
'Enter the flow angle of attack (alpha in degrees)'};
data = inputdlg(prompt,dlgTitle,1,def0);
if isempty(data)==1
clear
return
end
Nname = char(data(1)); % NACA four-digit-airfoil number
c = str2num(char(data(2))); % chord (length of airfoil's chord line)
alpha = str2num(char(data(3)))*pi/180;
% ---------------------------------------------
dsg = str2num([Nname(1) Nname(2) Nname(3)]); % Mean-Line Designation
if dsg == 210
m = 0.0580; k1 = 361.4;
elseif dsg == 220
m = 0.1260; k1 = 51.64;
elseif dsg == 230
m = 0.2025; k1 = 15.957;
elseif dsg == 240
m = 0.2900; k1 = 6.643;
elseif dsg == 250
m = 0.3910; k1 = 3.230;
else
wtxt = ['THIS PROGRAM IS NOT ABLE TO FIND A SOLUTION',...
' FOR THIS NACA FIVE-DIGIT AIRFOIL NUMBER'];
warn = warndlg(wtxt ,' WARNING');
uiwait(warn)
clear
return
end
% ---------------------------------------------
tau = str2num([Nname(4) Nname(5)])/100; % thickness ratio (maximim thickness/ch
ord)
p = str2num([Nname(2) Nname(3)])/200; % maximum camber location ratio
CLD = str2num(Nname(1))*3/20; % Design lift coefficient
% ---------------------------------------------
x = linspace(0,c);
Y = []; % camber line
for i = 1:length(x)
if x(i)/c <= m
Y = [Y, c*(k1/6)*((x(i)/c)^3 - 3*m*(x(i)/c)^2 + (3*m^2-m^3)*(x(i)/c))];
else
Y = [Y, c*(k1/6)*m^3*(1-(x(i)/c))];
end
end
C:\Documents and Settings\xp\My Documents\ZOVANC\Tu...\NACA01.m Page 2
April 17, 2007 1:30:55 PM
% ---------------------------------------------
% thickness distribution
T = 10*tau*c*(0.2969*sqrt(x./c)-0.126*(x./c)-...
0.3537*(x./c).^2+0.2843*(x./c).^3-0.1015*(x./c).^4);
% ---------------------------------------------
FTMD = fit(x',Y','smoothingspline');
DERIV1 = differentiate(FTMD,x');
theta = atan(DERIV1);
theta = theta';
% ---------------------------------------------
Xu = x-(T/2).*sin(theta);
Yu = Y+(T/2).*cos(theta);
Xl = x+(T/2).*sin(theta);
Yl = Y-(T/2).*cos(theta);
% ---------------------------------------------
mtilda = acos(1-2*m/c);
alphaideal = (k1/(2*pi))*(((4*c-1)*m/(4*c)-3/8)*sin(mtilda)+(3/8-m+m^2)*mtilda-pi*m^3/
3);
A0 = alpha-alphaideal;
A1 = (k1/pi)*(((2*m-1)/4)*mtilda+sin(mtilda)*((1/3/c^2-1/c+1)*m^2+(1/6/c-1/2)*
m+1/4));
CL = 2*pi*A0+pi*A1;
% ---------------------------------------------
% CHECK
% if alpha = alphaideal then A0 = 0 and CL = pi*A1 = CLD = 0.3
% ---------------------------------------------
figure(1)
subplot(2,1,1), plot(x,Y)
hold on
plot(Xu,Yu,'r')
plot(Xl,Yl,'g')
axis equal
%axis off
for i = 1:length(x)
line([Xu(i) Xl(i)],[Yu(i) Yl(i)])
end
title(['\fontsize{20}\bf{NACA }',Nname]);
grid
subplot(2,1,2), plot(x,Y,'r')
hold on
line([p*c p*c],[0 max(Y)])
plot(m*c,c*(k1/6)*m^3*(1-m),'o')
title(['\fontsize{20}\bf{\alpha_{ideal} = }',num2str(alphaideal*180/pi),...
' ^o, C_{L ideal} = ',num2str(CLD),', \alpha = ',...
num2str(alpha*180/pi),' ^o , C_L = ',num2str(CL)]);
xlabel('\fontsize{15}\bf{x}');
ylabel('\fontsize{15}\bf{y}');
text(m*c+0.01,c*(k1/6)*m^3*(1-m),['\fontsize{12}\bf{m*c = }',num2str(m*c)])
text(p*c+0.01,max(Y)/3,['\fontsize{12}\bf{Maximum Camber Location = }',num2str(p*c)])
text(c/2,c*(k1/12)*m^3,['\fontsize{12}\bf{Mean Camber Line}'])
grid
set(figure(1),'Position',[1,1,1400,930])
% ---------------------------------------------