Mechanical Engg. Dept. Dr. H. C. Das, P. Pradhan, A.K.

Mishra

Institute of Technical Education and Research

THEORY OF TURBOMACHINES ME 353
(Academic Session 2010-11)

ASSIGNMENT 2
1. A model of an airship was tested in deep water. Model length is given to be 3 m and it had a

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speed of 8m/s during the test. Determine the speed of the actual sized craft in air when it has a length of 105m. You can assume the kinematic viscosity of air to be 13 times that of water. (Hint: Enforce dynamic similarity.) Water flows at 21o C through a Venturimeter having a mean velocity of 1.5 m/s in its throat. The main and throat diameters for the Venturimeter are 100 cm and 50 cm. Respectively. Another Venturimeter having a dynamically similar flow was built having a throat diameter of 7.5 cm and water in it has to flow at 10 o C. Assume kinematic viscosity of water at 21 o C and 10o C to be 1.08 x 10 -5 and 1.41 x 10-5 respectively. Find the velocity at the throat of the smaller Venturimeter. For flow in pipes, the fluid has to flow against a boundary friction. The factors that affect this frictional force (F) are the fluid viscosity, fluid density, pipe diameter, velocity of the flow and the linear dimension of the roughness. Determine the non-dimesional relationship for this force and from the dimensionless parameters you obtain, predict what are the dominant forces for this case of flow. A moving ship is only partially submerged and as such has to overcome both frictional and wave resistances. The required parameters for the dimensional analysis of the resistance on the ship are: length of the ship, mass density of the fluid the ship is moving in, viscosity of the fluid, speed of the ship and the acceleration due to gravity. Find the dimensionless expression for the resistance force on a ship. An open, cylindrical tank having a diameter D is supported around its bottom circumference and is filled to a depth h with a liquid having a specific weight . The vertical deflection, , of the center of the bottom is a function of D, h, d, , and E, where d is the thickness of the bottom and E is the modulus of elasticity of the bottom material. Perform a dimensional analysis of this problem. A long structural component of a bridge has the cross section shown in Fig. 1. It is known that when a steady wind blows past this type of bluff body, vortices may develop on the downwind side that are shed in a regular fashion at some definite frequency. Since these vortices can create harmful periodic forces acting on the structure, it is important to determine the shedding frequency. For the specific structure of interest, D = 0.1 m, H = 0.3 m, and a representative wind velocity is 50 km/hr. Standard air can be assumed. The shedding frequency is to be determined through the use of a small-scale model that is to be tested in a water tunnel. For the model Dm = 20 mm and the water temperature is 20C. Determine the model dimension, Hm, and the velocity at which the test should be performed. If the Figure 1 shedding frequency for the model is found to be 49.9 Hz, what is the corresponding frequency for the prototype? A certain spillway for a dam is 20 m wide and is designed to carry 125 m 3/s at flood stage. A 1 : 15 model is constructed to study the flow characteristics through the spillway. Determine

Mechanical Engg. Dept Dr. H. C. Das, P. Pradhan, A.K.Mishra

the required model width and flowrate. What operating time for the model corresponds to a 24-hr period in the prototype? The effects of surface tension and viscosity are to be neglected. 8. The pressure rise, p, across a pump can be expressed as p = f (D, , , Q) where D is the impeller diameter, the fluid density, the rotational speed, and Q the flowrate. Determine a suitable set of dimensionless parameters for this situation. 9. A fan operating at 1750 rev/min at a volume flow rate of 4.25 m 3 / s develops a head of 153 mm measured on a water-filled U-tube manometer. It is required to build a larger, geometrically similar fan which will deliver the same head at the same efficiency as the existing fan, but at a speed of 1440 rev/min. Calculate the volume flow rate of the larger fan. 10. A water turbine is to be designed to produce 27 MW when running at 93.7 rev/min under a head of 16.5 m. A model turbine with an output of 37.5 kW is to be tested under dynamically similar conditions with a head of 4.9 m. Calculate the model speed and scale ratio. Assuming a model efficiency of 88%, estimate the volume flow rate through the model.