Parallel Flow Counter Flow

60.00
68.70
61.30
50.60
72.40
72.50
68.30
70.20
65.70
67.40
63.80
62.50
24.40
58.30
40.70
50.50
50.00
39.70
55.40
25.20
3.00
3.00
975.70
975.50
0.05
0.05
68.10
67.50
0.02
0.02
1860.10
2158.85
-1943.70
-2075.37
22.72
23.92
2842.75
3133.88

Cp
Am

0
15
0
5
10
15
0
5
10
15

15
10
5
0
Temperature/ oC

Test
Metal wall at inlet t1
Metal wall at exit t2
Hot stream at inlet, t3
Hot stream 1st intermediate, t4
Hot stream 2nd intermediate, t5
Hot stream at exit, t6
Cold stream entry/exit t7
Cold stream intermediate, t8
Cold stream intermediate, t9
Cold stream entry/exit, t10
Hot water indicated flow V
Water density at hot water inlet,
Hot water actual flow rate, mh
Mean hot water temperature, t3+t6/2
Cooling water flow rate, mc
Heat transfer from hot water, Qh
Heat transfer to cold water, Qc
Log Mean Temp Diff,
Overall heat transfer coefficient, U

4180
0.0288

70.00
68.00
66.00
64.00
62.00
60.00
58.00
56.00
54.00
52.00
50.00

70.00
60.00

Parallel Flow

Temperature/ oC

Temperature/ oC

Temperature Distribution (wall)

Counter Flow

50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
0

10

15

20

Position with reference from zero

Temperature distribution of parallel flow

Temperature distribution of parallel flow

80.00

Temperature /C

70.00

60.00

50.00

hot stream (parallel)

cold stream (parallel)
metal wall (parallel)

40.00

30.00

20.00
0

10

12

14

16

Position with reference from zero

Temperature distribution of counter flow

80.00

70.00

Temperature /C

60.00

50.00

metal wall (counter)

hot stream (counter)
cold stream (counter)

40.00

30.00

20.00
0

10

12

Position with reference from zero

14

16

Temperature Distribution (hot stream)

74.00

Temperature/ oC

72.00
70.00
68.00

Parallel Flow

66.00

Counter Flow

64.00
62.00
0

10

15

20

Position with reference from zero

Temperature Distribution (cold stream)

70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00

Parallel Flow

20.00

Counter Flow

10.00
0.00
0

10

15

Position with reference from zero

20

hot stream (parallel)

cold stream (parallel)
metal wall (parallel)

metal wall (counter)

hot stream (counter)
cold stream (counter)

Test
Metal wall at inlet, t1
Metal wall at exit, t2
Hot stream at inlet, t3
Hot stream 1st intermediate, t4
Hot stream 2nd intermediate, t5
Hot stream at exit, t6
Cold stream entry/exit t7
Cold stream intermediate, t8
Cold stream intermediate, t9
Cold stream entry/exit, t10
Hot water indicated flow V
Hot water actual flow rate, mh
Cooling water flow rate, mc
Water density at hot water inlet,
Mean Hot water tempetature (t3+t6)/2
Linear velocity at inner tube, v
Reynolds No. At mean hot water temperature,
Re

58643.16

Surface heat transfer Coef. At inner tube, hh, iii

Surface heat transfer Coef. At outer tube, hc, iv
Overall heat transfer coefficient, U, v

Inner surface area

Viscosity
h
Ah
Ac
Qh
Qc
c
Am
m
Density for Mean Hot Water temperature, m

1(100%)
64.80
53.30
66.80
66.00
64.60
62.40
56.00
49.00
39.20
24.80
9.40
0.16
0.02
979.40
64.60
3.26

2(80%)
65.10
52.30
67.40
66.40
65.10
62.40
56.20
49.40
39.80
26.10
7.50
0.13
0.02
979.00
64.90
2.61

3(60%)
65.70
51.80
68.30
67.10
65.10
62.10
56.40
49.70
40.90
28.60
5.60
0.09
0.02
978.50
65.20
1.96

4(40%)
66.00
49.30
69.90
67.80
64.90
60.70
55.00
48.10
39.80
29.20
3.80
0.06
0.02
977.80
65.30
1.35

5(20%)
65.40
46.00
71.50
68.00
64.00
58.50
53.30
46.10
38.40
29.60
1.90
0.03
0.02
970.00
65.00
0.70

475560.84 36031.87

24765.36

12795.13

23506.24

19025.81

16719.26

13630.90

7773.65

-5270.07
4646.56

-5319.38
4258.26

-5176.97
4060.95

-4839.53
3895.27

-4745.65
2715.94

4.90167E-05
0.00043
0.0000425 0.000422 0.000422 0.000424
4.686
5.272
5.593
6.992
8.921
0.026
0.026
0.026
0.026
0.026
0.031
0.031
0.031
0.031
0.031
2874.967
2617.739 2440.789 2487.560 1809.923
-2738.736
-2642.178 -2440.284 -2264.724 -2080.386
16.764
16.023
15.206
15.096
14.141
0.029
0.029
0.029
0.029
0.029
21.484
21.345
20.869
22.174
23.139
980.3

980.2

980.2

980.2

980.3

Effect of fluid velocity

25000.00

20000.00

Heat Transfer coefficients/ W/m2K

15000.00

10000.00

5000.00

0.00
0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

-5000.00

-10000.00

Tube water velocity (m/s)

2.50

3.00

3.50

surface heat transfer coef inside the tube

surface heat transfer coef. Outside the tube
overall heat transfer coef.

3.50

60.5
49.9
63
62
60.7
58.8
53
47.6
40.3
30.3
0.1572
981.5

61.9
49.6
64.9
63.6
62
59.7
53.4
47.7
40.2
30.1
0.1263
980.5

63.8
50
66.8
65.2
62.9
60.3
54.7
48.4
40.6
30.3
0.0954
979.5

63
47.9
66.8
64.8
62.3
58.6
53.4
47.1
39.6
30.1
0.0644
979.5

64.1
48.2
66.5
65
62.4
57.9
56.8
50.6
42.1
29.5
0.0335
980

Qh
2759.803 2745.257 2592.018 2207.374 1204.258
Qc
-2846.58 -2921.82 -3059.76 -2921.82 -3423.42
-1.26976 -1.21392 -1.23353 -1.03524 -1.39666 1.72951716
5.04032 5.848805 5.917968 6.665104 5.226766 15.5534739
hh
U
20978.74 17983.55 16781.27 12689.03 8827.668 6161.09949
v
Re
0.006137 0.004935 0.003732 0.002519 0.00131 56279.2482
3.26620475
-0.96063 -0.83035 -0.77234 -0.61744 -0.94065
12.59595 13.24745 13.72445 13.28074 12.11929
hc
-7290.06 -7114.75 -7191.69 -7096.91 -9112.16
Re

1.709068 1.874546 1.954118

16.67576 16.48399 16.1198
5716.167

5459.88 4754.707

45216.72
2.62686

34154.2 23055.88
1.98621 1.340796

3.515608
10.21161
4094.803
11993.35
0.697108