2) American-British Empire

New England Grows

 The Great Migration 20,000 people came.
 Wanted a Christian model for the world.
➢ But, no new Puritans came over,
➢ Sons and Daughters were less devoted.
 King Philip’s War (Wampanoag)
➢ Did not like the way fur trade was going
➢ Took it out on the Puritans
➢ Puritans burned down all their food.
➢ Puritans beheaded King Philip and nailed it to a post.
➢ Other tribes joined.
➢ Led to the end of Indian resistance.
➢ Began the Indian slave trade.
 Puritans moved inland
 Tried to save church with the Half-Way Covenant.
➢ It failed
 Salem Witch Trials
➢ Afterwards the people asked for forgiveness for killing so
many people; the Puritans were blamed.
 Key Phrases
➢ Highly Devote
✔ Sense of community
✔ Protestant work ethic
➢ Ordered Society
✔ Swift punishment
✔ Laws very Specific
✔ No aristocrats
• Were put in stocks
• Mutilation
• Hanging
✔ Roger Williams
• Well-liked Puritan Minister
• Wanted to separate church and state
• Wanted to pay Indians for land
• Puritan elders put him in a barn and threatened
him
• Left town with six followers and started
Providence with separated church and state.
 ✔ Anne Hutchinson
• Very famous, nice personality
• Put on trial for heresy
• Almost found innocent because she could
recite the bible better than the ministers but,
was guilty when she tried to claim she spoke to
god.
• Started Port Smith Rhode Island
✔ Dissenters got kicked out
➢ Relatively Democratic
✔ ½ theocracy
✔ Highest rate of democracy in the world in the 1600s.
➢ Economically Diverse
✔ Could not farm well
✔ New England: lumber and sea
✔ Had to use other ways to earn money
✔ Used New England Ingenuity to earn a living.
✔ 1800s New England became rich in factories
✔ Intellectual Historian Daniel Boorstin
• Writes intellectual American History
• Talks about New England Puritans making
millions of dollars.
• Tudor: found a way to carry ice down in the
West Indies so the people would not have to
drink their “cold” drinks hot.
• Anon: thought of making grave markers out of
stone.
➢ Patriarchal
✔ Husband in charge of family
➢ Literate
✔ Wanted to read the Bible for themselves
✔ Harvard: established to train religious leaders
Chesapeake
 Cavaliea Exodus
➢ Cavaliea were supporters of the King
➢ Some became the aristocracy of Virginia.
 Key Phrases
➢ Harsh Life
✔ Seasoning (air and water)
 ✔ 50 yrs life span
➢ Bountiful Land
✔ Grew cash crops
• Had the boom and bust cycle
• Only large plantations survived
• Small farmers grew wheat and corn
➢ Labor Shortage
➢ County System
 Middle Colonies: the “in-betweens”
Restoration Era
 Control: 1616: Oliver Cromwell died
➢ Kings come back with Charles I’s son Charles II
✔ Messes with new world colonies
➢ Navigation Acts: designed to promote mercantilism (sell
more products than buying raw materials)
✔ Ships need to have an English Captain
✔ ¾ of the crew must be English
✔ The ship must be English made
✔ Enumerated list must be sold to England
✔ Ships must stop in England before going to France
and Spain
✔ Salutary Neglect: The laws were there but were not
enforced because both sides were benefiting already.
➢ 1696: Reorganization Act
✔ Proprietor: William Penn
• Put in Jail
✔ Dominion of New England formed
✔ King James II said he was Protestant and His wife and
daughter were also.
✔ Gave up Duke of York to Edmund Andros
✔ 1685: King James II wife died and marries a Catholic
wife and has a son (the boy will take presence over
the daughter for the throne)
✔ Parliament does not want to have another Catholic
King so starts a revolt
✔ But King James leaves peacefully.
✔ This is the Glorious Revolution
✔ Ended the Dominion of New England
 ✔ England has no control of colonies but has a
favorable balance of trade.
✔ William and Mary are the next Monarchs.
 Carolinas
➢ Land given to people
➢ People from Barbados came to grow rice.
✔ Barbados Code: Slaves have no rights
 New York
➢ Settled by Dutch (New Jersey)
➢ Lost to England
 Pennsylvania
➢ William, a Quaker, was given Pennsylvania. (Philadelphia)
➢ Quakers were very tolerant of other people.
➢ Believed in pluralism. (Diversity)
 Georgia
➢ A buffer between Carolina and Spanish Controlled Florida
 Servants and Slaves
➢ Indentured Servants: stopped coming because of the type
of land given
➢ Slaves: took their place
✔ Got to go the new world through the southwest
passage.
✔ Triangle Trade: New England, Africa and the West
Indies
✔ 50% of slaves and crew died because of scurvy
✔ African American culture is culturally blended.
 Religion
➢ Early intolerance, later toleration
➢ Isolation from Europe
➢ Impious sons and daughters
➢ Influence of Enlightenment
 Resistance to Authority
➢ Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion
✔ Head right gave bad land (Indian controlled)
✔ Tried to get troops to put down Indian resistance
✔ Governor Barkley didn’t send troops because fur
trade
✔ Bacon ran Indians out then went for Barkley
✔ Bacon died, not unified, were hanged
 ✔ Freed indentured servants don’t come to New
England
✔ Backcountry and coast will always have a rift
✔ Don’t have respect for England government again.
➢ Glorious Revolutions
✔ Edmund Andros got total of six colonies and tried to
promote mercantilism.
✔ Dominion folded when King James II fled
✔ No control till William and Mary came.
➢ Pueblo Revolt
✔ 1680: Spanish territory
✔ Wanted Indians to become “Spanish”
✔ Wanted to change a drought
✔ Popé (leader) organized a plot.
• So many Indians revolting the Spanish could
not stop them
• Spanish gave up everything
• Spanish come back thirteen years later
• Put Indians under Spanish control
• But didn’t make them lose their culture
✔ 1750: new dictatorial governor came
• Indians wrote a letter and governor was fired