Agriculture biodiversity and food security: Two sides of a coin

Introduction:
Biodiversity underpins the agriculture productivity. Agricultural biodiversity includes all components of biodiversity at genetic, species and ecosystem levels that are relevant to food and agriculture and that support the ecosystems in which agriculture occurs. Therefore, its maintenance is essential for the production of food and other agricultural goods and the benefits these provide to humanity, including food security, nutrition and livelihoods. Recent worldwide food crisis has raised the issue of food security to an urgent basis. Many are arguing that worldwide economic meltdown might cause the crisis. However, some other finds a causal relationship between agriculture biodiversity loss and food shortage. The current study anchors on the issue of indiscriminate agriculture biodiversity loss and its impacts on food security. Bangladesh is

considered as one of the fertile deltas in the world. Along with favourable climatic condition the country is also endowed with highly productive native crop varieties. Nevertheless, the study has shown that lack of proper use of agriculture biodiversity and practice of so called modern agriculture systems that are based on hybrid seeds, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides without paying much attention to the native varieties are responsible for recent food crisis in agrarian Bangladesh. Finally, the study suggests that replacing current mechanized agriculture production systems to sustainable production methods such as mixed farming systems, organic agriculture, integrated pest management, use of organic fertilizers, crop rotation, recycling crop and animal wastes, no-till or minimum tillage agriculture, inter or multi-cropping, use of cover crops would be viable options to attain food security for all.

Background:
Justification: The research paper on Agriculture biodiversity and food security: two sides of a coin provides an alternative view to the problems of recent food crisis, where advantages and opportunities of biodiversity based agriculture is measured through a food security lens. The research paper is an output of Climate Change, Biodiversity and nature conservation. Although we all know that Bangladesh is a riverine and agriculture based country in southern Asia. So natural disaster always faced by our countries people and they are useful with it. For this reason food security and biodiversity is very important issue for our country. Objective: To ensure food security. To ensure Biodiversity in Bangladesh in various purpose. To maintain ecological balance in the agriculture field rather than forest. To provide crops and food through organic production system. To supply sustainable food through diverse items. To provide mono crops in agriculture fields.

Broad specific: Agriculture needs to change in our country.It must become increasingly sustainable at the same time as meeting societys goal of providing sufficient, safe and nutritious food. Production practices based on a continuing and increasing dependence on external inputs such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and water for crop production and artificial feeds, supplements and antibiotics for livestock and aquaculture production need to be altered. They are not sustainable, damage the environment, undermine the nutritional and health value of foods, lead to reduced function of essential ecosystem services and result in the loss of biodiversity. Agriculture biodiversity and food security in our country is very important in present situation also for future next generation. So, specifically for future consideration Agriculture biodiversity provide various types of food and crops in our agriculture sector. That can help our farmer to grow and increase more production in one field by seasonally cultivation and mono cropping cultivation process.