INDUSTRY PROFILE

The USB 1.0 specification was introduced in 1994. USB was created by the core group of companies that consisted of Intel, Compaq, Microsoft, Digital, IBM, and Northern Telecom. Intel produced the UHCI host controller and open software stack; Microsoft produced a USB software stack for Windows and co-authored the OHCI host controller specification with National Semiconductor and Compaq; Philips produced early USB Audio; and TI produced the most widely used hub chips. USB was intended to replace the multitude of connectors at the back of PCs, as well as to simplify software Configuration of communication devices. The USB 2.0 specification was released in April 2000 and was standardized by the USBIF at the end of 2001. Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Lucent (now LSI Corporation since its merger with Lucent spinoff Agree Systems), Microsoft, NEC, and Philips jointly led the initiative to develop a higher data transfer rate, 480 Mbit/s, than the 1.0 specification of 12 Mbit/s. The USB 3.0 specification was released on November 17, 2008 by the USB 3.0 Promoter Group. It has a transfer rate of up to 10 times faster than the USB 2.0 version and has been dubbed the Super Speed USB. Equipment conforming with any version of the standard will also work with devices designed to any previous specification (a property known as backward compatibility).

Overview Of Indian Telecom

Indian Telecom industry is one of the fastest growing telecom markets in the World .Telecom in real sense means transfer of information between two or more persons situated at distant places through radio electric signals. The popular meaning of telecom always involve making dialogue through electric signals with the help of electronic device. Now a days people have come more accustomed to telecommunication facility in place of old postal system or any other methods of exchange of communication. With its high population and development potential India is having one of the fastest growing telecom networks in the world. Indias public sector telecom company BSNL is the 7th largest telecom company in the world . Reliance, Vodafone, Airtel, Idea ,Virgin Mobile ,Tata indicom,Aircel,Uninor etc are other major operators in India .The Indian telecommunications industry is one of the fastest growing in the world and India is projected to become the second largest telecom market globally by 2010.India added 113.26 million new customers in 2008, the largest

globally. In April 2008,India had already overtaken the US as the second largest wireless market. With an average 9.5 million customers added every month. The telecom penetration is over 33.6%.This means that 1/3 Indians has a telephone connection. Telecommunication sector in India can be divided into two segments: Fixed Service Provider (FSPs), and Cellular Services. Fixed line services consist of basic services, national or domestic long distance and international long distance services. Private services focus on the business/corporate sector, and offer reliable, high- end services, such as leased lines, ISDN, closed user group and videoconferencing. Cellular services can be further divided into two categories: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). The GSM sector is dominated by Airtel and Vodafone, while the CDMA sector is dominated by Reliance and TataIndicom. Opening up of international and domestic long distance telephony services are the major growth drivers for cellular industry. Cellular operators get substantial revenue from these services, and compensate them for reduction in tariffs on airtime, which along with rental was the main source of revenue. The reduction in tariffs for airtime, national long distance, international long distance, and handset prices has driven demand.

In 1990s the telecom sector was opened up by the Government for private investment as a part of Liberalization-Privatization-Globalization policy. Therefore it become necessary to separate the Govts policy of DOT on October 01,2000 and named it as Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd.Many private operators such as Reliance Idia mobile, Hutch, Airtel, Idea ,Tata indicom,BPL,Bharti etc successfully entered the high potential Indian telecom market The mobile services were commercially launched in August 1995 in India. In present scenario Bsnl and Mtnl are the incumbents in their respective areas of operation and continue to enjoy the dominant service provider status in the domain of fixed line services. Reliance, Vodafone, Airtel, Idea ,Virgin Mobile Tata indicom,Aircel,Uninor ,Tata docomo etc are other major operators in India

Companies in Telecom Sector

1) Airtel 2) Tata Docomo 3) BSNL 4) Aircel 5) Vodafone 6) Idea 7) Reliance 8) Uninor 9) Tata indicom 10) Virgin Mobile 11) Videocon