Dehydrator Tower

Tower Nozzle "Z" Addition

Pressure Vessel Calculations
Oct 8 2002

XYZ Vessel Corp.

123 Anytown
Ontario, Canada
H0H 0H0

Laurence Brundrett P. Eng.

Pressure Vessel Engineering Ltd.
PVE-Sample 1
1 of 9

Table of Contents
Contents
Cover
Table of Contents
Summary
Material Properties
Pipe and Shell
Nozzle
Weld Neck

Oct 8 2002

Page 2 of 9
Page
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9

Pressure Vessel Design Summary

Oct 8 2002
XYZ Vessel Corp.
Dehydrator Tower
Tower Nozzle "Z" Addition
XYZ Sample 1
PVE-Sample 1

97
120
Solvent

Maximum Internal pressure, psi

Maximum External Pressure, psi At Temperature, F

7.5
Minimum Temperature, F

650
Test Pressure, psi

Customer
Vessel
Part Number
Drawing
Job

Outside Diameter [inch]

straight Shell (not including straight flange on heads)
Volume [cuft]
Fluid
Weight Empty [lbs.]
Weight Full
Weight Under Test

100
Maximum Temperature, F

Page 3 of 9

-20

650
At Pressure, psi

100

At a Minimum Temperature of: F For a Minimum Duration of:

130

50

30 min.

Maximum Allowed Working Pressure

Maximum Design Metal Temperature
Hydrostatic Test

Seismic Zone
Foundation Factor
SA-516 70
17,500
0.0625
no
no
None
0.0625
ASME VIII-1
2001
none
1992/1994
None

Primary Material of Construction

Allowable Stress
Minimum allowed thickness per UG-16(b)
Material Normalized
Material Impact Tested (not required per UG-20(f))
Radiography required
Corrosion Allowance
Code
Edition
Addenda
Materials

UG-22 Loadings Considered

Yes
(a) Internal pressure
Yes
(a) External pressure
(b) Vessel weight full, empty and at hydro test
(c) Weight of attached equipment and piping
(d)(1) Attachment of internals
(d)(2) Attachment of vessel supports
(d) Cyclic or dynamic reactions
(f) Wind
(f) Snow
(f) Seismic
(g) Fluid impact shock reactions
(h) Temperature gradients
(h) Differential thermal expansion
(i) Abnormal pressures like deflagration

Code Cases Required

Material Properties

ASME VIII, IID 2001 edition no addenda

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Design Pressure

20
21

Hydro Test

(UG-99(b))
Test Press = P * 1.3 * MR

mDp = 100.0

pressure measured at top of vessel, rounded up

= 100 * 1.3 * 1

mTp = 130

Material Properties

(ASME IID)
650 <- mTemp, design temp F
Material
Where Used

SA-516 70 Plate
SA-106 B Seamless Pipe
SA-105 Forging

Shell, Reinforcing
Nozzle
Flange

Test at ambient temp

Ambient Design
Strength Max F
Strength Strength Ratio
1.000
17500
17500
1000
1.000
15000
15000
1000
1.000
17500
17500
1000

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Min Ratio (MR) =

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Page 4 of 9

UG-22(a)

100.0 <- P, internal operating pressure at top of vessel (psig)

7.5 <- mPa, external operation pressure
Solvent <- Operating Fluid
<- h, fluid height (ft)
<- rho, fluid density (1.0 for water)
Design Pressure = P + 0.4331*rho*h
= 100 + 0.4331 * *

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Oct 8 2002

www.pveng.com

Dehydrator Tower <- vessel

3
4
5

ver 1.29

Original Test Pressure = 180 psi

Test Pressure For Alteration = 130 psi

1.000

Ext
Graph
CS-2
CS-2
CS-2

13

ASME Code VIII Div I 2001 edition no addenda

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www.pveng.com

Dehydrator Tower <- Vessel

Existing Vessel Shell <- Description

14

17

Page 5 of 9

Oct 8 2002

Dimensions:
97.000
0.500
0.063
120.000
120.000
0.063

Do

<- Do - Outside Diameter

<- t - Nominal Wall Thickness
<- tminUG16(b) - Minimum Wall Thickness Per UG-16(b)
<- Le - Effective Length
<- Length for volume and weight
<- Corr, Corrosion Allowance

t
Length

Pipe and Shell ver 2.33

Long Seam

12

Material and Conditions:

SA-516 70 <- Material
17,500 <- S, Allowable Stress Level (psi)
0.7 <- El - Longitudinal Efficiency (circ. stress)
0.7 <- Ec - Circ. Connecting Efficiency (longitudinal stress)
0.0% <- UTP, Undertolerance allowance (%)
502.65 <- Volume (cubic ft)
0.000 <- UTI, Undertolerance allowance (inch)
5,158.8 <- Material Weight (lbs cs)
100.0
7.5
4,279
2,049
Variables:
UT =
nt =
Ri =
LDo =

<- P, Interior Pressure

<- Pa, Exterior Pressure
<- Ba, From exterior pressure curve
<- Bb, From exterior pressure curve
t*UTP+UTI
t-Corr-UT
Do/2-nt
Le/Do

= 0.5*0+0
= 0.5-0.063-0
= 97/2-0.438
= 120/97

0.000346 <- Aa (use to lookup Ba)

0.000166 <- Ab (use to lookup Bb)
undertollerance
nominal thick
effective inside radius

UT =
nt =
Ri =
LDo =

0.000
0.438
48.063
1.237

Interior Pressure UG-27 (c) (1,2)

ta = P*Ri/(S*El-0.6*P)
= 100*48.063/(17500*0.7-0.6*100)
ta = 0.394
tb = P*Ri/(2*S*Ec+0.4*P) = 100*48.063/(2*17500*0.7+0.4*100)
tb = 0.196
tmin = Max(ta,tb,tminUG16b) <= t-Corr-UT
Acceptable
tmin = 0.394
PMaxA = (S*El*nt)/(Ri+0.6*nt) = (17500*0.7*0.438)/(48.063+0.6*0.438)
PMaxA = 110.9
PMaxB = (2*S*Ec*nt)/(Ri-0.4*nt) = (2*17500*0.7*0.438)/(48.063-0.4*0.438) PMaxB = 223.8
PMax = Min(PMaxA,PMaxB)
Acceptable PMax = 110.9
tr1 = P*Ri/(S*1-0.6*P)
= 100*48.063/(17500*1-0.6*100)
tr1 = 0.276
Exterior Pressure UG-28 (c)
DoT = Do/nt
= 97/0.438
Aa = Interpolated from IID Part D Table G
PaMax = 4*Ba/(3*DoT)
= 4*4279/(3*221.714)
DoTe =
Ab =
tre =
treCorr =

Do/tre
= 97/0.266
Interpolated from IID Part D Table G
(3*Do*Pa)/(4*Bb)
= (3*97*7.5)/(4*2049)
tre+corr
= 0.266+0.063

DoT = 221.714
Aa = 0.000346
Acceptable PaMax = 25.7
DoTe =
Ab =
tre =
Acceptable treCorr =

364.267
0.000166
0.266
0.329

26

Nozzle Reinforcement ver 3.57

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ASME Code VIII Div I 2001 edition 2002 addenda

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Shell:
SA-516 70 <- Shell material
17,500 <- Sv, shell allowable stress level, PSI
1.00 <- Eone, efficiency of shell at nozzle
0.500
0.276
0.266
0.063
0.063
Nozzle:
SA-106B
15,000
2,667
1.00

<- Vt, shell wall thick, uncorroded, UT removed

<- tr, required shell wall thickness int. press.
<- trE, required shell wall thickness ext. press.
<- sca, shell corrosion allowance
<- tmin16b, Min allowed wall per UG-16(b)

Do
Nt
Leg5
Leg41
Leg42

<- Nozzle material

<- Sn, allowable stress level (Sn)
<- B, from A =
0.00018
<- E nozzle

Nozzle

31

5-Aug-03
Page 1
Automatic dh - not hillside
Automatic Limit Diameter
Curved Shell or Head Section

Dehydrator Tower <- Vessel

Nozzle Z <- Desc

22

30

UW16(q)M

www.pveng.com

<- Do, outside diameter

<- Nt, wall thick, uncorroded
<- UTp, undertolerance (%)
<- nca, nozzle corrosion allowance

Shell
Dp

LegG
UW-16.1(q) - modified

6.500 <- L, exterior Projection

Reinforcing:
SA-516 70
17,500
16.000
0.500
0.375
0.375
0.500
0.500
Variables:
UT =
Rn =
Dp =
t=
ti =
tn =
d=
fr1 =
fr2 =
fr3 =
fr4 =
Ro =
tcLeg41 =
F=

te

100.0 <- P, internal design pressure

7.5 <- Pa, external design pressure
8.625
0.500
12.5%
0.063

Ring

<- Reinforcing plate material

<- Sp, allowable stress level
<- Dp, outside diameter
<- te, reinforcement thick
<- Leg41, size of weld fillet
<- Leg42, size of weld fillet
<- LegG, depth of groove
<- Leg5, depth of groove
Nt*UTp
Do/2 - (Nt-nca) + UT
Min(2*d,DpEntered)
Vt-sca
Nt-2*nca
Nt-nca
Do-2*tn
MIN(Sn/Sv,1)
MIN(Sn/Sv,1)
MIN(Sn/Sv,Sp/Sv,1)
MIN(Sp/Sv,1)
Do/2
Min(0.25,0.7*Min(0.75,tn,te))
1.000

= 0.5 * 0.125
Undertolerance
= 8.625/2 - (0.5-0.063) + 0.063 Effective Radius
= Min(2*7.75,16)
Effective Reinforcing
= 0.5 - 0.063
Effective Shell Thickness
= 0.5 - 2 * 0.063
Nom Thick of Int. Proj.
= 0.5-0.063
Avail. Nozzle Thick. No UT
= 8.625 - 2*0.438
Opening Dia.
= MIN(15000/17500, 1)
= MIN(15000/17500, 1)
= MIN(15000/17500, 17500/17500,1)
= MIN(17500/17500,1)
= 8.625/2
= Min(0.25,0.7*Min(0.75,0.438,0.5))

UT =
Rn =
Dp =
t=
ti =
tn =
d=
fr1 =
fr2 =
fr3 =
fr4 =
Ro =
tc41 =
F=

0.063
3.938
15.500
0.438
0.375
0.438
7.750
0.857
0.857
0.857
1.000
4.313
0.250
1.000

Pipe Required Wall Thickness - trn from internal, trnE from external pressure
trn = (P*Rn)/(Sn*E - 0.6*P) <= tn-UT
= (100*3.938)/(15000*1 - 0.6*100)
trnE = (3*Do*Pa)/(4*B) <= tn-ut
= (3*8.625*7.5)/(4*2667)

trn = 0.026
trnE = 0.018

Acceptable
Acceptable

Geometry Constraints:
0.7*Leg41 >= tc41
0.7*Leg42 >= 0.5*Min(0.75,te,t)
Leg5 >= 0.7*Min(0.75,te,tn)
LegG >= 0.7*Min(0.75,t,tn)

>=
>=
>=
>=

Acceptable
Acceptable
Acceptable
Acceptable

0.7*0.375 >= 0.25

0.7*0.375 >= 0.5*Min(0.75,0.5,0.438)
0.5 >= 0.7*Min(0.75,0.5,0.438)
0.5 >= 0.7*Min(0.75,0.438,0.438)

0.263
0.263
0.500
0.500

0.250
0.219
0.306
0.306

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Dehydrator Tower Nozzle Z

0.02636

0.276

5-Aug-03

Area Replacement: Fig UG-37.1

Pressure From:
A = 1.0*d*tr*F + 2*tn*tr*F*(1-frone)
A Required (internal) =
= 1.0*7.75*0.276*1 + 2*0.438*0.276*1*(1-0.857)
Ae = 0.5*(d*trE*1 + 2*tn*trE*1*(1-frone))
A Required (external) =
= 0.5*(7.75*0.266*1 + 2*0.438*0.266*1*(1-0.857))
A1 = max(d, 2*(t+tn)) * (E1*t-F*tr)-2*tn*(E1*t-F*tr)*(1-fr1)
A1 =
= max(7.75, 2*(0.438+0.438)) * (1*0.438-1*0.276)-2*0.438*(1*0.438-1*0.276)*(1-0.857)
A1e = max(d, 2*(t+tn)) * (Eone*t-F*trE)-2*tn*(Eone*t-F*trE)*(1-frone)
A1e =
= max(7.75, 2*(0.438+0.438)) * (1*0.438-1*0.266)-2*0.438*(1*0.438-1*0.266)*(1-0.857)
A2 = min((tn-trn)*fr2*min(5*t,2*L) , (tn-trn)*(Min(2.5*tn+te,L)*fr1*2)
A2 =
= min((0.438-0.026)*0.857*min(5*0.438,2*6.5) , (0.438-0.026)*(Min(2.5*0.438+0.5,2*6.5)*0.857*2)
A2e = min((tn-trnE)*frtwo*Min(5*t,2*L) , 2*(tn-trnE)*Min(2.5*tn+te,L)*frone)
A2e =
= min((0.438-0.018)*0.857*Min(5*0.438,2*6.5) , 2*(0.438-0.018)*Min(2.5*0.438+0.5,6.5)*0.857)
A5 = (Dp - d - 2tn)te*fr4
=(15.5 - 7.75 - 2*0.4375)*0.5*1
A5 =
A41 = Leg41^2*frThree
A41 = 0.375^2*0.857
A41 =
A42 = Leg42^2*frfour
A42 = 0.375^2*1
A42 =
Actual Area =
Acceptable Actual-Required =
Internal Weld Load: (UG-41)
WmaxI = (A - A1 + 2*Tn*Fr1*(E1*t-F*tr))*Sv, min0
Max value for weld loads
= (2.174 - 1.231 + 2*0.438*0.857*(1*0.438-1*0.276))*17500
W1-1 =
=
W2-2 =
=
W3-3 =
=

MIN((A2 + A5 + A41 + A42)*Sv,WmaxI)

Weld load
MIN((0.771 + 3.438 + 0.121 + 0.141)*17500,18606)
Min((A2 + A3 + A41 + A43 + 2*Tn*t*frone)*Sv,WmaxI)
Weld load
Min((0.771 + 0 + 0.121 + 0 + 2*0.438*0.438*0.857)*17500,18606)
Min((A2 + A3 + A5 + A41 + A42 + A43 + 2*Tn*t*fr1)*Sv,WmaxI)
Weld load
Min((0.771 + 0 + 3.438 + 0.121 + 0.141 + 0 + 2*0.438*0.438*0.857)*17500,18606)

External Weld Load: (UG-41)

WmaxE = (Ae - A1e + 2*Tn*Fr1*(E1*t-F*tr))*Sv, min0
Max value for weld loads
= (1.047 - 1.308 + 2*0.438*0.857*(1*0.438-1*0.276))*17500
W1-1 =
=
W2-2 =
=
W3-3 =
=

MIN((A2e + A5 + A41 + A42)*Sv,WmaxE)

Weld load
MIN((0.786 + 3.438 + 0.121 + 0.141)*17500,0)
Min((A2e + A3 + A41 + A43 + 2*Tn*t*frone)*Sv,WmaxE)
Weld load
Min((0.786 + 0 + 0.121 + 0 + 2*0.438*0.438*0.857)*17500,0)
Min((A2e + A3 + A5 + A41 + A42 + A43 + 2*Tn*t*fr1)*Sv,WmaxE)
Weld load
Min((0.786 + 0 + 3.438 + 0.121 + 0.141 + 0 + 2*0.438*0.438*0.857)*17500,0)

Component Strength (UG-45(c), UW-15(c))

A2 shear = PI()/2*(Do-tn)*tn*Sn*0.7
g tension = PI()/2*Do*LegG*Min(Sv,Sn)*0.74
A41 shear = PI()/2*Do*Leg41*Min(Sn,Sp)*0.49
A42 shear = PI()/2*DP*Leg42*Min(Sv,Sp)*0.49
Leg 5 tens = PI()/2*Do*Leg5*Min(Sn,Sp)*0.74

= PI()/2*(8.625-0.438)*0.438*15000*0.7
= PI()/2*8.625*0.5*Min(17500,15000)*0.74
= PI()/2*8.625*0.375*Min(15000,17500)*0.49
= PI()/2*15.5*0.375*Min(17500,17500)*0.49
= PI()/2*8.625*0.5*Min(15000,17500)*0.74

Failure mode along strength path (Greater than Weld Load, see App L-7)
S1-1 = A42s + A2s >= W1-1
= 78292 + 59080 >= 18606
S2-2 = A41s + gt + Leg5t + A43s >= W2-2
= 37342 + 87724 + 75192 + 0 >= 18606
S3-3 = gt + A42s + A43s >= W3-3
= 87724 + 78292 + 0 >= 18606

Page

Internal
2.174

External

1.047
1.231
1.308
0.771
0.786
3.438
0.121
0.141
5.701
3.527

3.438
0.121
0.141
5.793
4.745

WmaxI = 18,606
W1-1 = 18,606
W2-2 = 18,606
W3-3 = 18,606

WmaxE = 0
W1-1e = 0
W2-2e = 0
W3-3e = 0

A2s =
gt =
A41s =
A42s =
Leg5t =

59,080
87,724
37,342
78,292
75,192

Acceptable

S1-1 = 137,372

Acceptable

S2-2 = 200,258

Acceptable

S3-3 = 166,016

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Dehydrator Tower Nozzle Z

Nozzle
Tstd = Standard pipe wall thickness from chart
Swre = tr * Pa / P
= 0.276 * 7.5 / 100
Nact = Nt * (1-UTp)
= 0.5 * (1-0.125)
Tt = 0.8/Nth
= 0.8/0

05-Aug-03

Req. Exterior pressure

Actual Wall Thick.
Ug-31(c)(2) threads

Page
Tstd =
Swre =
Nact =
Tt =

3
0.322
0.021
0.438
0.000

UG-45
UG45 = Max(UG45a, UG45b) <= Nact
= Max(0.089, 0.339) <= 0.438

UG45 = 0.339
Acceptable

UG-45(a)
UG45a = Max(trn,trnE) + Nca + Tt
Max(0.026,0.018) + 0.063 + 0
UG-45(b)
UB45b = Min(UG45b3,UG45b4)
= Min(0.339, 0.344)

UG45a = 0.089

3
0.3385

UB45b = 0.339

UG-45(b)(1)
UG45b1 = Max(tr + Sca, Tmin16b + Sca)
Max(0.276 + 0.063, 0.063 + 0.063)

UG45b1 = 0.339

UG-45(b)(2)
UG45b2 = Max(Swre + Sca,Tmin + Sca)
Max(0.021 + 0.063,0.063 + 0.063)

UG45b2 = 0.125

UG-45(b)(3)
UG45b3 = Max(UG45b1,UG45b2)

= Max(0.339,0.125)

UG45b3 = 0.339

UG-45(b)(4)
UG45b4 = Tstd*0.875 + Nca

= 0.322*0.875 + 0.063

UG45b4 = 0.344

9
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Select Flange
SA
Forged
SA 105
150
8

<- Category
<- Material Type
<- Material
<- Pressure Class
<- Nominal Size

OD

Dehydrator Tower <- Vessel

Nozzle Z <- Description

5
6

ASME B16.5-1996 ASME VIII A2001edition no addenda

Page 9 of 9

Oct 8 2002

Ver 1.21

BCD

2
3

B16.5 Weld Neck Flange

A
B

Operating Conditions
650 <- Temperature F
100.0 <- Pressure, psig

Max press @100F [p1] 285

Max press @650F [p2] 125

Flange Welds: VIII UW-15 (c)

7.625 <- B, flange bore
0.063 <- corr, corrosion allowance
0.70 <- E, weld efficiency
15,000 <- Allowable Stress,pipe
17,500 <- Allowable Stress, flange

Nominal Table Max Temp F Pipe OD (A) -

C-Si
2-1.1
1000
8.625

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25
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32
33
34
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36
37
38
39
40
41

Min Sa = Min(15000,17500)
Max Weld Stress = Sa * E

= 15,000
= 15000 * 0.7

= 10,500

Weld Load = A^2 * pi * Pressure / 4

= 8.625^2 * 3.14 * 100 / 4

= 5843

Weld Area = Pi*(A^2-(B+2*Corr)^2)/4

= Pi*(8.625^2-(7.625+2*0.063)^2)/4

= 11.253

Weld Stress = Weld Load / Weld Area

5843 / 11.253

= 519
Okay

Okay
Okay