VITAMINS B9

SYNONYMS folic acid Folacin folate

FUNCTION Folic acid is required for DNA synthesis and cell growth and is important for red blood cell formation, energy production as well as the forming of amino acids. Folic acid is essential for creating heme, the iron containing substance in hemoglobin, crucial for oxygen transport. It is used in sunscreen to lessen the risk of skin cancer from ultra-violet exposure. It is also used in the treatment of rheumatic fever

DEFICIENCY When deficient of folic acid, you might suffer from fatigue, acne, a sore tongue, cracking at the corners of your mouth (same as deficiency of vitamin B2, vitamin B6 as well as iron). Long term deficiency may result in anemia and later in osteoporosis, as well as cancer of the bowel and cervix. irritability and depression; constipation nervousness; skin problems and eczema

TOXICITY Too much folic acid may mask vitamin B12 deficiency . Regular high intake of folic acid may cause digestive upset, energy loss and insomnia.

B10

factor R PABA (Para-AminoBenzoic Acid)

skin rashes; liver toxicity. Nausea and vomiting Over dose of vitamin b11 can increase the risk of developing many unexpected complications. These unexpected complications are: Nausea Flatulence Insomnia Abdominal distention Decreased appetite Bad taste

B11

Vitamin S or

Factor S

Vitamin B11 is also essential for the growth and forming tissue.Vitamin B11 is also an essential element of theblood plasma and red blood bodies.

Anemia Tiredness Feathering in chicks Lack of appetite Weight loss Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea Lower Immunity Fatigue Some types of cardiac condition

B12

Cobalamin Cyanocobalamin

Vitamin B12, like the other B vitamins, Low levels of B12 can cause: is important for metabolism. It helps Anemia in the formation of red blood cells and Loss of balance in the maintenance of the central Numbness or tingling in the nervous system arms and legs Weakness

There are no signs of vitamin B12 toxicity, per se. There are a few

rarely reported side effects that might be attributable to the vitamin, but such side effects are not necessarily related to the dose. These possible side effects include:

 Blood clots in the legs Feelings of swelling over the entire body Signs of an allergic reaction Diarrhea

B13

orotic acid pyrimidinecarboxylic acid

Usually deficiency of this vitamin is No toxicity has been found rare but in case of its severe deficiency there arises following signs -Vitamin B13 (Orotic Acid) is found to and symptoms as follow; be important in genetics. -Impaired immunity -It is used in the treatment of certain heart diseases as well as liver -Anemia diseases. -Low vitamin B12 levels -It is good in the treatment of -Problems related to heart dangerous diseases such as multiple -Weight gain sclerosis (MS). -Large and abnormal sized blood cells -Skin problems -Disorders within the liver -Mental retardation -Complaints of premature aging

-It is important for metabolism of folic acid and the vitamin B12.

http://www.amino-acids-supplement.com/vitamins-vitamin-b13-orotic-acid-pyrimidinecarboxylic-acid.php http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002403.htm

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