STATISTICAL RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT

F a c t o r s A f f e c t in g B u s in e s s t y p e O f P o u A C a s e S t u d y O f P o u lt r y F a r m I n B r a h D is t r i c t .

Submitted to the

DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS UNIVERSITY OF CHITTAGONG CHITTAGONG, BANGLADESH.

A DISSERATION SUBMITTED TO THE UNIVESITY OF CHITTAGONG IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS) IN STATISTICS.

SUBMITTED BY EXAM ROLL NO: 2009-06 Registration No: 12721 Season: 2008-2009 Year of Exam: 2009

CHITTAGONG OCTOBER, 2011

DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS UNIVERSITY OF CHITTAGONG CHITTAGONG, BANGLADESH. 2

ABSTRACT This study is an attempted to examine the influence of background characteristics on business type of owner of poultry farm of Brahmanbaria. On the light of the objectives of the study- bi-variate analysis has been carried out by employing Chi-square test of independence to examine whether each of the selected factors has significant association with type of business of poultry farm. Here it indicates that age of the owner of poultry farm, educational qualification of owner of poultry, having other earning member in family, having other business, profit, and number of distinct have highly significance effect on their business type. Other significant factors found to be are ownership of other helped by family member, and number of workers in poultry farm.

Table Of Contents

Chapter-1:

INTRODUCTION 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Objective of the Study 1.3. Importance of the Study 1.4. Organization of the Study 1.5. Selection and Collection of Data 1.6. Preparing the Questionnaire 1.7. Data Processing and Analysis 1.8. Limitations UNIVARIATE ANALYSIS BIVARIATE ANALYSIS MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Chapter-2: Chapter-3: Chapter-4: Chapter-5:

APPENDIX: Questionnaire Reference

Chapter-1

1.1 INTRODUCTION Poultry is an emerging and important sector that has been contributing progressively to our economy for the past decade. Poultry is one of the fastest growing and most promising industries with the brightest of futures for our country. Poultry sector are playing a very vital role in the reduction of poverty, malnutrition and unemployment problems of our country. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY AREA (DISTRICT OF BRAHMANBARIA): Brahmanbaria is a district in east-central Bangladesh. It is a part of the Chittagong Division. It was part of greater Comilla District until 1984. Before 1830 the Sarail Pargana was a part of Mymensingh district. The district has 4 municipalities, 39 wards, 97 mahallas, 8 upazilas, 98 union parishads, 1052 mouzas and 1329 villages. Brahmanbaria district is located at the east-central region of Bangladesh. It has a total area of 1927.11 km. Brahmanbaria is bounded by Kishoreganj District and Habiganj District on the north, Comilla District on the south, Habiganj District and Tripura State, India on the east and Meghna River, Kishoreganj District, Narsingdi District and Narayanganj District on the west.The geography of the district is characterized by low-lying land with small hills and hillocks of red soil. Annual highest average temperature is 34.3 C and lowest 12.7 C. Total annual rainfall is 2551 mm. The main rivers of the district are the Meghna River, the Titas River,Buri and Haora. 1.2 Objective of the Study Generally, social status, income, expenditure, etc are the main determinants in our social life, for every professional people. We are going to study the business types of the owner of poultry farm of Brahmanbaria district in Bangladesh. The main objectives are to study: The background characteristics of the poultry farm owner of Brahmanbaria. The association of several background characteristics of the owner of poultry farm with their business types. Factors affecting the business types of the owner of poultry farm.

1.3

Importance of the Study

It is the most evident that the status of the owner of poultry farm in Bangladesh is not so very encouraging while a few portion of the people here in Bangladesh are engaged in this profession. Poultry farm owners are always facing lots of sufferings. Moreover income, expenditure, savings, age, education and other socio-economic conditions of people like them are also the subject matters of the researchers worldwide. Unfortunately, no work has been done on the owner of poultry farm of Brahmanbaria before. From this point of view my present study has its great importance because in Brahmanbaria a good portion of people are leading their life by poultry farming. By our present study, we tried to get an overall idea about respondents status of living, present circumstances of the different characters. Poultry farming is very challenging profession. They always face difficulties due to so many reasons. Sometimes poultry farms are affected seriously by some tremendous viruses & cause a great lose to the owner. So, what are their overall conditions, how are they facing challenges, how are they contributing to the national economy, etc. attracted me to know something about them and also to something for them, if possible. 1.4 Organization of the study

The work has been organized under the guidance of my reverent teacher from the department of statistics, University of Chittagong. At first I prepared a questionnaire according to the advice of my respected teacher. After preparing a questionnaire I have collected data from 101 respondents. By consulting my project supervisor I perform my analysis. 1.5 Selection and Collection of Data

There are many techniques to select data. Here, in this study, we used the technique simple random sampling. The data should be collected keeping in view the objectives of the survey. All kinds of mistakes have been corrected where it was found in questionnaire and answers have been observed carefully. As a result there is no irrelevant information. The tendency was should not be collected too many data but the important one and some of which are never subsequent examined and analyzed. The process of data collection depends upon the kind of study. The data was collected using interviewed method .Attention was given to record actual and true statement by the respondent. The questionnaire was filled up with verbal not discuss anything with other. Ive tried my best to collect all information, which are related to my study. 1.6 Preparing the Questionnaire

The technique was designed in such a way that maximum information may be obtained within short time. Thinking the real economical factors and the problems of this profession,

the questionnaire was prepared in simple and short language. Most of the ambiguous questions were eschewed from the questionnaire. 1.7 Data Processing and Analysis

The easiest procedure of analysis the data is to use the computer. Nobody thinks to analyze data without computer program. So I have selected a suitable computer program for date entry and analysis. For data processing and analysis at first we edit data then coding them and finally computerization. Data were analyzed using different statistical tools like SPSS for windows 10.0, the most convenient program for data analysis. MS Office is also used for completing the study. Finally the report is prepared under the advice and guidance of my supervisor, department of statistics, University of Chittagong. 1.8 Limitations

Every research work has some inherent limitations. So, it should be pointed out to these limitations. Due to insufficient time I have collected a sample of size 101 respondents only. The main drawbacks are as follows: The respondents always try to refuse their actual income The respondents do not always give the actual academic qualification The respondents can not recall their actual period of involvation. The respondents did not give the information of their alternative income source. Information is concentrated in a particular area.

In spite of the above shortcomings, the study has fulfilled most of its objectives perfectly indicating some important scope for future researches in this area.

Chapter-2 Univariate Analysis Introduction: The collective data are analyzed by me. In this chapter I want described Background Characteristics of the respondents. The tables are found from different questions of the questionnaire from where we can get a distinct picture of the percentage of different variables. Tabel.2.1: Frequency distribution of respondent according to their marital status. Marital Status Married Unmarried Total Frequency 68 33 101 Percent 67.3 32.7 100

Comment: We observed from the above table about 67.3 % owner of poultry farm are married. And other 32.7% owners of poultry farm are Unmarried. Tabel.2.2: Frequency distribution of respondent according to their Educational Qualification. Educational Qualification Frequency Percent

Illiterate 15 14.9 Primary 37 36.6 Secondary & Above 49 48.5 Total 101 100 Comment: We observed from the above frequency table 14.9% are Illiterate, 36.6 are complete Primary level and 48.5% complete Secondary and above level. Tabel.2.3: Frequency distribution of respondent according to having any training on poultry. Having any training No Yes Total Frequency 58 43 101 Percent 57.4 42.6 100

Comment: We see from the above frequency table 42.6% of owner of poultry farm are taken any training on poultry and other 57.4% are not taken any training.

In this table we can say that, the figure of taken any training is smaller than not taken any training. It is not good news for poultry business in our country. Tabel.2.4: Frequency distribution of respondent according their other earning member. Having other earning member No Yes Total Frequency 48 53 101 Percent 47.5 52.5 100

Comment: We observed from the above frequency table 52.5% of owner of poultry farm have other earning member and 47.5% of owner of poultry farm have no other earning member. Tabel.2.5: Frequency distribution of respondent according to their age. Age Up to 29 30-39 40-49 50+ Total Frequency 28 36 25 12 101 Percent 27.7 35.6 24.8 11.9 100

Comment: We found from the above frequency table about 27.7% of the owner of poultry farm are below at age 29 years, 35.6% lies between age 30-39 years, 24.8% lies between age 40-49 years and another 11.9% of the owner of poultry farm at age 50 years and above. Tabel.2.6: Frequency distribution of respondent according to their profit. Profit(taka) Up to 19000 19001-25000 25001-40000 40001+ Total Frequency 30 38 22 11 101 Percent 29.7 37.6 21.8 10.9 100

Comment: We found from the above frequency table 29.7% of owner of poultry farm have the profit up to 19000tk,37.65% have profit between 19001-25000,21.8% have profit between 25001-40000 and 10.9% have profit 40001 and above. we see that here the height percent of respondent in 19001-40000 range. Tabel.2.7: Frequency distribution of respondent according to their workers. workers Frequency Percent

1 2 and above Total

56 45 101

55.4 44.6 100

Comment: We observed from the above frequency table 55.4% of respondent have 1 worker and 44.6% have 2 and above workers. Tabel.2.8: Frequency distribution of respondent according to taken bank loan. Taken bank loan Yes No Total Frequency 20 81 101 Percent 19.8 80.2 100

Comment: We found from the above frequency table about 80.2% respondent no taken any bank loan. Tabel.2.9: Frequency distribution of respondent according to their satisfaction. Satisfaction No Yes Total Frequency 42 59 101 Percent 41.6 58.4 100

Comment: We found from the above frequency table 58.4% of respondent are satisfy and 42.6% are not satisfy.

Chapter-3 Bivariate Analysis

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We already have studied several background characteristics of the respondents. Now we are interested to examine the association, if any, of the professional satisfaction of the fishermen with these background characteristics. This work will be performed through chisquare test of independents. In this case the test statistic is, 2=(2/2 ) N We can conclude the variable is associated or not, by the help of the value of this test statistic and p- value. P-value is the lowest level of significance for which we can easily reject the null hypothesis. 3.1 Educational Qualification of owner of poultry farm and their business type. This may hypothesizes that there is association between educational qualification of owner of poultry farm and their business types. Table 3.1: Percentage distribution of the respondents according to business types by their educational qualification. Business types Broiler Layer 26.7(7) 57.7(28) 81.6(40) 53.3(8) 24.3(9) 18.4(9) 7.407** 2

Educational qualification Illiterate Primary Secondary & above Note: ** P < 0.01

From the above bivariate table it is found that 53.3% who are illiterate has layer type business, 57.7% respondents who are primary educated has broiler type business. It is also seen that 81.6% respondents who are secondary and above educated has broiler business. we can say that educational qualification are positively association with broiler type business.

3.2 Profit of owner of poultry farm and their business types. This may hypothesizes that there is association between profit of owner of poultry farm and their business types. 11

Table 3.2: Percentage distribution of the respondent according to Profit of owner of poultry farm and their business types. Profit Up to 19000 19001-25000 25001-40000 40001+ Note: ** P < 0.01 From the above bivariate table it is found that about 86.8% of owner of poultry farm who has broiler type business whose profit lies between 19001-25000 and 54.5% of owner of poultry farm who has layer type business whose profit 40001 and above. so it can be conclude that, highest number of respondents whose has broiler type business their profit lies between 19001-25000. Table 3.5: Percentage distribution of the respondent according to having other business and their business types. Business types Having other business Yes No Note: ** P < 0.01 Broiler 63.4(26) 81.7(49) Layer 36.6(15) 4.245** 18.3(11) 2 Business types Broiler Layer 70.0(21) 86.8(33) 72.7(16) 45.5(5) 30.0(9) 13.2(5) 27.3(6) 54.5(6) 8.234** 2

From the above table we found that about 81.7% of respondent who has no other business whose has broiler type business and 36.6% of respondent who has other business whose has layer type business.It can be conclude that,broiler type business is positively associate with having other business. 3.4 Workers engaged in poultry farm and their business types. This may hypothesizes that there is association between number of workers of owner of poultry farm and their business types. Table 3.4: Percentage distribution of the respondent according to workers engaged in poultry farm and their business types.

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Business type Number of workers Broiler 1 2+ Note: ** P < 0.01 From the above table we found that about 84.4% of broiler poultry farm has 2 and above workers and 33.9% of poultry farm has only 1 workers.it can be conclude that,broiler farm need more workers than layer farm. 3.5 Satisfaction of owner of poultry farm and their business types. This may hypothesizes that there is association between satisfaction of owner of poultry farm and their business types. Table 3.5: Percentage distribution of the respondent according to satisfaction and their business types. Business types Satisfaction Broiler 81.4(48) 64.3(27) Layer 18.6(11) 3.740** No Note: ** P < 0.01 35.7(15) 2 66.1(37) 84.4(38) Layer 33.9(19) 4.406** 15.6(7) 2

Yes

From the above table we found that about 81.4% of respondent of broiler type business are satisfy and 35.7% of respondent of layer type business are not satisfy. it can be conclude that, respondent of broiler type business are more satisfy than respondent of layer type business.

3.6 Help and their business types This may hypothesizes that there is association between have helping hand in family in farm of owner of poultry farm and their business types.

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Table 3.6: Percentage distribution of the respondent according to Having helping hand in family in farm Business types Broiler Yes No Note: ** P < 0.01 63.2(24) 81.0(51) Layer 36.8(14) 3.926** 19.0(12) 2

From the above table we found that about 81% of respondent of broiler type business are not helped by the family members and 36.8% of respondent layer type are helped by the family member. 3.7 Farm located in the same compound of their home and their business types. This may hypothesizes that there is association between same compound with home of owner of poultry farm and their business types. Table 3.7: Percentage distribution of the respondent according to farm located in the same compound of their home and their business types. Business types Same compound with house 2 Broiler Layer Yes No Note: ** P < 0.01 81.8(45) 65.2(30) 18.2(10) 3.611** 34.8(16)

From the above table we found that about 81.8% of respondent of broiler type business are same compound with house and 34.8% 0f respondent of layer type business are not same compound. So we can say that, numbers of same compound with house are more broiler type business than layer type business. 3.8Taken bank loan and their business types. This may hypothesizes that there is no association between taken bank loan of owner of poultry farm and their business types. Table 3.8: Percentage distribution of the respondent according to taken bank loan and their business types. Business type

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Taken bank loan Yes No

Broiler 75.0(15) 74.1(60)

Layer 25.0(5)

.007 25.9(21)

From the above table we found that about 75% of respondent of broiler type business take bank loan and 25.9%of respondent of layer type business no take bank loan.

CHAPTER-5 Conclusion and Recommendation

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5.1

Conclusion

The study was mainly based on a particular area on Brahmanbaria .The study of the different characteristics of owner of poultry farm may be representative and indicates the total picture of fishermen in Bangladesh. In a nutshell, the overall condition of the owner of poultry farm of Brahmanbaria is middle situation. The living standard of owner of poultry farm is mix class. Some owner are low middle class, some are middle class and few are high middle class. Most of the owner of poultry farm are Muslims, few is Hindus. About 36 percent of the fishermen are in age group 30-39. About 14% respondents are illiterate, 37% respondents are completed their primary education level,48% respondents are completed their secondary and above level. About 58% of the respondents fathers are dead and 42% are alive. This business is not inherited. Because this business is not sufficient old. About 58% respondents satisfy with poultry business. but only 12% respondents want to bring their this business. In my Brahmanbaria area about 48% owner of poultry farm attended any social activity. 5.2 Recommendation

It is mentioned that majority of the respondents are in income interval Tk( 19001-25000). it is remarkable that the half of the respondents are no taken any training on poultry. Again It is also remarkable that all most respondents think that the cost of feed and medicine are very costly. From the above analysis we reach in some suggestions and recommendation below: Authority should look the price of feed and medicine. The government should give them training on poultry. Finally we recommend that for overall development of the country government should be given deep concentration and awareness especially for the poultry business of Bangladesh.

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