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測量實習講義 20120213
測量實習講義 20120213
1.
2.
3.
4.
3
1.
2.
3.
ii
1.
()
(100 )
A4
2.
0
30%
0
40%
30 %
iii
()
iv
1. 5 6
(1)(2)
(3)
2.
(1)
0-1
1.
2.
3.
3 2 330m 1 1
1
1.
A. BF 80 m B F
B. B ()
( 1-2) BF
CDE
BCDEF ( 1-1)
C.
(a. BC b.
B 10 cm C
B
( mm) BC )
D. CDDEEF
E.
F. F B
G.
10 cm BF
10 cm
2.
A. BF
()/(
)
B.
1~4 %
80 m
1-1
1-2
1.
2.
3.
2
1.
A. CDE
B.
C.
D.
E.
2. d 1-3
1-1 (s-d)
1-3
1-1
d
15 m
30 m
45 m
10 cm
20 cm
30 cm
40 cm
50 cm
1.,.
2. ,,,.
60 m
75 m
1-2 ()
() (m)
A
B
C
D
E
F
1-3 ()
() (m)
F
E
D
C
B
A
1-4-1
1-4-2
1-4-3
1-4-4
1-4-5
1-4-6
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1 1 2 2 2
1
1.
()
2.
10
A.
B.
C.
D. 180
2-1
3.
A.
B.
2-1:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. ()
6. 1.192
C. 2-2
D. =
E. 2-1
C = (AB) 100
A
B
C
(2-1)
2-2
4. 2-3 ABC DE
F A
2-3
5. 2-4 AC CB 30m
C A b
B f
2-2 2-3 h hB h B
A B
10
2-4
h = b f
(2-2)
b
f
h B = h A + h
(2-3)
h A A
hB B
6.
6 6 6
5mm
1.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
2.
A.
B.
11
3.
A.
B.
C. 2-5
D.
2-5
1.
2.
3.
4.
?
1 mm
1.195.
2..
12
()
13
1 1 2 2 2
1
1. 3-1
HI() A 2.566m
B 0.366m
A B =hAB==2.566m-0.366m=2.200m
B =A +hAB =249.936m+2.200m=252.136m
3-1
1. 3-2A B C
4
2. 3-2 A () A 30
50 m S1 B P1
() A P1 (
)
3. A P1
h1
14
4. B S2 A P2 ()
P1 3-3 3
h2
5. S3 P1 P3
3-2 n BC
A n-3
6. 3~5 A ( A
) h3 h4 hn
7. h
h =()
= h1 + h2 ++ hn
3-1
8. h
h h =WW
9. S m
S100 ()
(3-2)
(3-3)
10. W 20mm K
K km
11.
k m Li i-1 i
m ei ei WLi / k
(3-4)
12. hB hAB eB hA
(3-5)
hC hAC eC hA
(3-6)
eB A B eB WLB / k
eC A C eC WLC / k
15
3-2
3.3
3-4
16
( 001)
( 003)
( 004)
( 017)
( 015)
( 013)
( 020)
( 019)
( 018)
(m)
001
101.729
004
98.198
017
81.142
020
76.500
002
101.749
013
82.323
018
80.202
021
78.294
003
96.239
015
84.698
019
78.891
022
81.926
3-5
17
1.
2.
3. 50 m
(5 m)
4.
5.
6.
1.
2.
3.
4.
18
3-1
19
3-2
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
20
1.
2. ~
3.
1. ( 4-1
)
A. VV
B. VVHH
LL
C. SSHH
D. HHLL
E. VVHH
SS
4-1
()
2.
A.
a.
(
)
b.
c.
21
B.
C.
D.
E.
(
)
F.
()
()
G.
()
H.
a.
b.
()
3. ( 1,2,3)
A. ~
a.
b.
()
c.
d.
e. ( 4-1 4)
B.
a.
()
b.
()
22
4.
(Electromagnetic Distance Measurement, EDM)
()
( 4-2 EDM )
4-2 EDM
1V
T
2n
(4-1)
D S cos
(4-2)
VEDM
n
T(nanosecond, ns ; 10-9 s)
S
D
1. ()
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
23
1.
2.
3.
4. 180
24
4-1
1
A
1 / 2
(
S(m)
B
2
A
B
3
A
25
( )
D (m)
4-2
4
A
2 / 2
(
S (m)
B
5
A
B
6
A
26
( )
D (m)
1. Leica TC307
A.
ALL
DIST
USER
PROG
B.
SHIFT
C. ( SHFIT
SHIFT+DIST=EDM)
DIST
EDM ()
USER
FNC ()
PROG MENU
Pg Up
Pg Dn
CE
ESC
INS
D.
SET
OK
END
EXIT
PREV
NEXT
27
28
(OK)
PG Dn SETUP
hr
29
Pg Dn HZ0
SHIFT Dn
30
2. Leica TC407
A.
ALL
DIST
REC
ENTER
ENH
EDM EDM
PREV
NEXT
OK
B.
PAGE
MENU
USER
FNC
ESC
C.
F1
Programs
F2
Settings
F3
EDM Setting
F4
File management
31
(1)FNC(Function) 1 F1(Level/Plummet)
Or
(2)USER
32
F4 (F1)STATION
F4 F3(EDM)
F3(ALL) F1(DIST)
EDM hr
33
F4 F2(SetHz)
3.SOKIA
3.1
3.2
FUNC P2 F2()
34
FUNC F4()
F1()
F3() HAR
35
F2()
H /S
ZA /H
HAR /V
4. 4-3
4-3
A
B
S(m)
SD
V( )
( )
HZ
A
B
( )
HD
A
- B
SDVHZHD
36
hihr
37
1 2( 1) 3 1
1
1. ( 5-1)
AOB AOB O OZ
CD
O CD AOB
COA C DOB
D
(
O AOB
O (C D)
)
5-1
38
A.
B.
C.
D.
2.
A.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
B.
1.
2.
3.
4.
C.
3.
A.( 5-2)
A
1 = VB VA
2 = VBVA
= (1+2)/2
=> AOB
()
5-2
39
B.( 5-3)
360
=
mn
m() 2
n
360
60 0, 60, 120
23
()
5-3
4.
A. ( 5-4) 50 m(
)
B. A C
B
C. B C
( B (B ) 180
)
D.
E.
F.
1=B -C
BC
C
90
2
(1 2 )
5-4
G. B B~F
H. C B~F
( ++ 180
(=++-180)(
A (
40
), B (
), C (
))
1.
5 15
3. (
1. D
()
2. 180o
1.195.
2..
41
5-1
1 / 2
42
5-2
2 / 2
43
6
.
.
. 1 1 1 1
.1
.
1. 6-1 C AB
50
2. A B
3. iA C Z1
4. DAB dH
A
5. 34()
6. B A
7. iB C Z2
8. DAB dH
B
9. 78()
44
6-1
1.:
=
2.():
A. HAHB
A HA=0
H B H A dH
(6-1)
6-2
H B D AB tan( 90 A )
45
(6-2)
B. D AC DBC
180
D
D
D AB
AC BC
sin sin sin
D AC
D AB
sin
sin
(6-3)
DBC
D AB
sin
sin
(6-4)
C.:
1 90-Z 1
2 90-Z 2
(6-5)
D.:
H C1 H A iA DAC tan 1
H C 2 H B i B D BC tan
H C H C 1 H C 2 2
6-2
46
(6-6)
.
1.
2.
3. 15
4. HC1 HC2 10cm
.
1. 6-2
A
2.
3. ABC ( C
0 C 180 )
1.195.
2..
47
6-1
dH
DAB
Z (C )
()
()
(C )
B
2
A
B
3
A
48
6-2
DAB
HB(dH )
DAC
HC1
DBC
HC2
DAC
HC1
DBC
HC2
DAC
HC1
DBC
HC2
DAC
HC1
DBC
HC2
DAC
HC1
DBC
HC2
DAC
HC1
DBC
HC2
49
HC1 HC2
HC
1.
(1)
(2)
(3) 6~10 30~50
(4)
2.
(1)
(2
E 1 23
(3)
E305
3.
(1)
(2) 2~3
50
1.
51
=============================== ================================
1~3 :
4~6 :
7~9 :
52
7-1
()
()
53
1 2 1( 1)
5
1.
A.
B.
2.
(6 )
1/10,000
3.
2 15
1.
A. 2.515 n (99%)n
B.
2.
3.
( () 2 () 2 )
4.
=/ 1/10,000
5.
54
6.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
AA
E
A'
A'
B
B
1.,..
2..
(
)
55
8-1
56
8-2
S (m)
E (m)
(m)
f E (m)
N (m)
f N (m)
57
/
E (m)
f s (m)
N (m)
( 8-1)
A(1000.000, 1000.000) AB 85
BCD
8-1
8-3 ()
(m)
85-00-00
1866.98
1 / 1
E (m)
N (m)
E (m)
N (m)
A
B
-4
119-17-02 24-16-58
C
D
-0.005
1859.876
162.718
-0.001
-0.002
338.698
750.734
-0.003
-0.006
-2441.142
102.670
-0.001
-0.003
823.6
-4
68-07-36 272-24-30
-0.002
2443.3
-4
2859.874 1162.713
3198.571 1913.445
757.426 2016.109
242.576 -1016.106
-4
98-25-41
B
1000.000 1000.000
fE
85-00-00
0.008 m
S=
6178.540
fN
0.016 m
fs =
0.018 m
58
1000.000 1000.000
1.
=ABC+BCD+CDA+DAB360o =16
-4
2.
BC = AB 180 o+ABC = 24o1658
CD = BC 180 o+BCD = 272o2430
DA = CD 180 o+CDA = 166o3423
E AB S AB sin AB = 1859.876 m
N AB S AB cos AB 162.718 m
fs
f x f y 0.018 m
4.
=
0.018
1
6178.54 343252
5.
X AB ( f x /S) AB = -0.002 m
Y AB ( f y /S) AB = -0.005 m
6.
X B X A E AB X AB 2859.874 m
YB YA N AB Y AB 1162.713 m
59