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Overview - Adjectives and Adverbs, AdjP and AdvP
Overview - Adjectives and Adverbs, AdjP and AdvP
Overview - Adjectives and Adverbs, AdjP and AdvP
Spring 2012
Adverb phrase
Form: (PRM) + H + (POM) Examples: quickly more fast than ever simple AdvP, only contains H complex AdjP, contains all elements, H = fast
Function: on clause level: A on phrase level: PRM in AdjP + PRM in AdvP Adverbs describe: adjectives adverbs verbs sentences
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Types of adjectives
Two main types of adjectives exist: Type Gradability/ Use Comparison Descriptive gradable Examples Comments These adjectives indicate a quality or property. These adjectives indicate that the noun is of a specific type, class or category.
Attributive (as PRM/POM) young + ugly Predicative (as SC/OC) long Attributive (as PRM) daily nuclear British
Classifying nongradable
Tips
Some adjectives can be both classifying and descriptive. Some adjectives have a different meaning when used attributively (as PRM/POM) than when used predicatively (as SC/OC). Some adjectives have a different meaning when used as a PRM than when used as a POM. Adjectives vs. adverbs: In the following cases an adjective has to be used in English: The verbs smell, look and taste are linking verbs, i.e. they are followed by a SC. Expressions like as possible, as usual, if necessary are verbless clauses. If you analyse the full sentence as it is possible, you see that word possible is a SC.
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Types of adverbs
The following main types of adverbs exist: Type Subtypes Examples Adjuncts adverbs of time place manner frequency etc. soon, today here, back quickly often, never He often has to run quickly to catch the bus. Disjuncts (comment adverbs) unfortunately honestly Honestly, I do not think so. Conjuncts (linking adverbs) however therefore However, this is not all I have to say. Degree adverbs completely highly very I feel very inspired. Tips
Function Comments A Describe a verb. Adjuncts are typically fully integrated in the sentence.
Gives the speaker's comment on the sentence. Disjuncts are typically separated from the rest of the sentence by commas.
Link sentences. Conjuncts are typically separated from the rest of the sentence by commas.
Some adverbs exist in two forms, i.e. both with and without the -ly ending. Typically the two forms have different meanings.
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